xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/jail/jail.c (revision 7fdf597e96a02165cfe22ff357b857d5fa15ed8a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1999 Poul-Henning Kamp.
5  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 James Gritton
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 #include <sys/socket.h>
33 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
34 
35 #include <arpa/inet.h>
36 #include <netinet/in.h>
37 
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <stdarg.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 
46 #include "jailp.h"
47 
48 #define JP_RDTUN(jp)	(((jp)->jp_ctltype & CTLFLAG_RDTUN) == CTLFLAG_RDTUN)
49 
50 struct permspec {
51 	const char	*name;
52 	enum intparam	ipnum;
53 	int		rev;
54 };
55 
56 int iflag;
57 int note_remove;
58 int verbose;
59 const char *separator = "\t";
60 
61 static void clear_persist(struct cfjail *j);
62 static int update_jail(struct cfjail *j);
63 static int rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail);
64 static void running_jid(struct cfjail *j);
65 static void jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
66     const char *noname_msg);
67 static int jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp,
68     unsigned njp, int flags);
69 static void print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl, int running);
70 static void print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname);
71 static void show_jails(void);
72 static void quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str);
73 static void usage(void) __dead2;
74 
75 static struct permspec perm_sysctl[] = {
76     { "security.jail.set_hostname_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SET_HOSTNAME, 0 },
77     { "security.jail.sysvipc_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SYSVIPC, 0 },
78     { "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets", KP_ALLOW_RAW_SOCKETS, 0 },
79     { "security.jail.chflags_allowed", KP_ALLOW_CHFLAGS, 0 },
80     { "security.jail.mount_allowed", KP_ALLOW_MOUNT, 0 },
81     { "security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only", KP_ALLOW_SOCKET_AF, 1 },
82 };
83 
84 static const enum intparam startcommands[] = {
85     IP__NULL,
86     IP_EXEC_PREPARE,
87 #ifdef INET
88     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
89 #endif
90 #ifdef INET6
91     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
92 #endif
93     IP_MOUNT,
94     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
95     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
96     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
97     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
98     IP_EXEC_PRESTART,
99     IP__OP,
100     IP_EXEC_CREATED,
101     IP_ZFS_DATASET,
102     IP_VNET_INTERFACE,
103     IP_EXEC_START,
104     IP_COMMAND,
105     IP_EXEC_POSTSTART,
106     IP__NULL
107 };
108 
109 static const enum intparam stopcommands[] = {
110     IP__NULL,
111     IP_EXEC_PRESTOP,
112     IP_EXEC_STOP,
113     IP_STOP_TIMEOUT,
114     IP__OP,
115     IP_EXEC_POSTSTOP,
116     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
117     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
118     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
119     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
120     IP_MOUNT,
121 #ifdef INET6
122     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
123 #endif
124 #ifdef INET
125     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
126 #endif
127     IP_EXEC_RELEASE,
128     IP__NULL
129 };
130 
131 static const enum intparam cleancommands[] = {
132     IP__NULL,
133     IP_EXEC_POSTSTOP,
134     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
135     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
136     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
137     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
138     IP_MOUNT,
139 #ifdef INET6
140     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
141 #endif
142 #ifdef INET
143     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
144 #endif
145     IP_EXEC_RELEASE,
146     IP__NULL
147 };
148 
149 static const struct {
150 	const char *name;
151 	enum intparam param;
152 } listparams[] = {
153 #ifdef INET
154 	{ "ip4.addr", KP_IP4_ADDR },
155 #endif
156 #ifdef INET6
157 	{ "ip6.addr", KP_IP6_ADDR },
158 #endif
159 	{ "vnet.interface", IP_VNET_INTERFACE },
160 	{ "zfs.dataset", IP_ZFS_DATASET },
161 };
162 
163 int
164 main(int argc, char **argv)
165 {
166 	struct stat st;
167 	FILE *jfp;
168 	struct cfjail *j;
169 	char *JidFile;
170 	const char *cfname;
171 	size_t sysvallen;
172 	unsigned op, pi;
173 	int ch, docf, dying_warned, error, i, oldcl, sysval;
174 	int dflag, eflag, Rflag;
175 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
176 	char *cs, *ncs;
177 #endif
178 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
179 	struct in6_addr addr6;
180 #endif
181 
182 	op = 0;
183 	dflag = eflag = Rflag = 0;
184 	docf = 1;
185 	cfname = CONF_FILE;
186 	JidFile = NULL;
187 
188 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cCde:f:hiJ:lmn:p:qrRs:u:U:v")) != -1) {
189 		switch (ch) {
190 		case 'c':
191 			op |= JF_START;
192 			break;
193 		case 'C':
194 			op |= JF_CLEANUP;
195 			break;
196 		case 'd':
197 			dflag = 1;
198 			break;
199 		case 'e':
200 			eflag = 1;
201 			separator = optarg;
202 			break;
203 		case 'f':
204 			cfname = optarg;
205 			break;
206 		case 'h':
207 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
208 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_IP_HOSTNAME, NULL);
209 #endif
210 			docf = 0;
211 			break;
212 		case 'i':
213 			iflag = 1;
214 			verbose = -1;
215 			break;
216 		case 'J':
217 			JidFile = optarg;
218 			break;
219 		case 'l':
220 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_CLEAN, NULL);
221 			docf = 0;
222 			break;
223 		case 'm':
224 			op |= JF_SET;
225 			break;
226 		case 'n':
227 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_NAME, optarg);
228 			docf = 0;
229 			break;
230 		case 'p':
231 			paralimit = strtol(optarg, NULL, 10);
232 			if (paralimit == 0)
233 				paralimit = -1;
234 			break;
235 		case 'q':
236 			verbose = -1;
237 			break;
238 		case 'r':
239 			op |= JF_STOP;
240 			break;
241 		case 'R':
242 			op |= JF_STOP;
243 			Rflag = 1;
244 			break;
245 		case 's':
246 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_SECURELEVEL, optarg);
247 			docf = 0;
248 			break;
249 		case 'u':
250 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
251 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER, NULL);
252 			docf = 0;
253 			break;
254 		case 'U':
255 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
256 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER,
257 			    "false");
258 			docf = 0;
259 			break;
260 		case 'v':
261 			verbose = 1;
262 			break;
263 		default:
264 			usage();
265 		}
266 	}
267 	argc -= optind;
268 	argv += optind;
269 
270 	if (eflag) {
271 		/* Just print list of all configured non-wildcard jails */
272 		if (op || argc > 0)
273 			usage();
274 		load_config(cfname);
275 		show_jails();
276 		exit(0);
277 	}
278 
279 	/* Find out which of the command line styles this is. */
280 	oldcl = 0;
281 	if (!op) {
282 		/* Old-style command line with four fixed parameters */
283 		if (argc < 4 || argv[0][0] != '/')
284 			usage();
285 		op = JF_START;
286 		docf = 0;
287 		oldcl = 1;
288 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_PATH, argv[0]);
289 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_HOST_HOSTNAME, argv[1]);
290 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
291 		if (argv[2][0] != '\0') {
292 			for (cs = argv[2];; cs = ncs + 1) {
293 				ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
294 				if (ncs)
295 					*ncs = '\0';
296 				add_param(NULL, NULL,
297 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
298 				    inet_pton(AF_INET6, cs, &addr6) == 1
299 				    ? KP_IP6_ADDR : KP_IP4_ADDR,
300 #elif defined(INET)
301 				    KP_IP4_ADDR,
302 #elif defined(INET6)
303 				    KP_IP6_ADDR,
304 #endif
305 				    cs);
306 				if (!ncs)
307 					break;
308 			}
309 		}
310 #endif
311 		for (i = 3; i < argc; i++)
312 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND, argv[i]);
313 		/* Emulate the defaults from security.jail.* sysctls. */
314 		sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
315 		if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.jailed", &sysval, &sysvallen,
316 		    NULL, 0) == 0 && sysval == 0) {
317 			for (pi = 0; pi < sizeof(perm_sysctl) /
318 			     sizeof(perm_sysctl[0]); pi++) {
319 				sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
320 				if (sysctlbyname(perm_sysctl[pi].name,
321 				    &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0)
322 					add_param(NULL, NULL,
323 					    perm_sysctl[pi].ipnum,
324 					    (sysval ? 1 : 0) ^
325 					    perm_sysctl[pi].rev
326 					    ? NULL : "false");
327 			}
328 		}
329 	} else if (op == JF_STOP) {
330 		/* Jail remove, perhaps using the config file */
331 		if (!docf || argc == 0)
332 			usage();
333 		if (!Rflag)
334 			for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
335 				if (strchr(argv[i], '='))
336 					usage();
337 		if ((docf = !Rflag &&
338 		     (!strcmp(cfname, "-") || stat(cfname, &st) == 0)))
339 			load_config(cfname);
340 		note_remove = docf || argc > 1 || wild_jail_name(argv[0]);
341 	} else if (argc > 1 || (argc == 1 && strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
342 		/* Single jail specified on the command line */
343 		if (Rflag || (op & JF_CLEANUP))
344 			usage();
345 		docf = 0;
346 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
347 			size_t l;
348 
349 			if (!strncmp(argv[i], "command", 7) &&
350 			    (argv[i][7] == '\0' || argv[i][7] == '=')) {
351 				if (argv[i][7]  == '=')
352 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
353 					    argv[i] + 8);
354 				for (i++; i < argc; i++)
355 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
356 					    argv[i]);
357 				continue;
358 			}
359 
360 			/*
361 			 * Is this parameter a list?
362 			 */
363 			for (l = 0; l < nitems(listparams); l++) {
364 				size_t len;
365 
366 				len = strlen(listparams[l].name);
367 				if (strncmp(argv[i], listparams[l].name, len) ||
368 				    argv[i][len] != '=')
369 					continue;
370 
371 				for (cs = argv[i] + len + 1;; cs = ncs + 1) {
372 					ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
373 					if (ncs)
374 						*ncs = '\0';
375 					add_param(NULL, NULL,
376 					    listparams[l].param, cs);
377 					if (!ncs)
378 						break;
379 				}
380 				break;
381 			}
382 			if (l == nitems(listparams))
383 				add_param(NULL, NULL, 0, argv[i]);
384 		}
385 	} else {
386 		/* From the config file, perhaps with a specified jail */
387 		if (Rflag || !docf)
388 			usage();
389 		load_config(cfname);
390 	}
391 
392 	/* Find out which jails will be run. */
393 	dep_setup(docf);
394 	error = 0;
395 	if ((op & JF_OP_MASK) == JF_STOP) {
396 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
397 			if (start_state(argv[i], docf, op, Rflag) < 0)
398 				error = 1;
399 	} else {
400 		if (start_state(argv[0], docf, op, 0) < 0)
401 			exit(1);
402 	}
403 
404 	jfp = NULL;
405 	if (JidFile != NULL) {
406 		jfp = fopen(JidFile, "w");
407 		if (jfp == NULL)
408 			err(1, "open %s", JidFile);
409 		setlinebuf(jfp);
410 	}
411 	setlinebuf(stdout);
412 
413 	/*
414 	 * The main loop: Get an available jail and perform the required
415 	 * operation on it.  When that is done, the jail may be finished,
416 	 * or it may go back for the next step.
417 	 */
418 	dying_warned = 0;
419 	while ((j = next_jail()))
420 	{
421 		if (j->flags & JF_FAILED) {
422 			error = 1;
423 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
424 				dep_done(j, 0);
425 				continue;
426 			}
427 		}
428 		if (!(j->flags & JF_PARAMS))
429 		{
430 			j->flags |= JF_PARAMS;
431 			if (dflag)
432 				add_param(j, NULL, IP_ALLOW_DYING, NULL);
433 			if (check_intparams(j) < 0)
434 				continue;
435 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_SET)) &&
436 			    import_params(j) < 0)
437 				continue;
438 		}
439 		if (j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING] && !dying_warned) {
440 			warnx("%s", "the 'allow.dying' parameter and '-d' flag "
441 			    "are deprecated and have no effect.");
442 			dying_warned = 1;
443 		}
444 		if (!j->jid)
445 			running_jid(j);
446 		if (finish_command(j))
447 			continue;
448 
449 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
450 			/*
451 			 * These operations just turn into a different op
452 			 * depending on the jail's current status.
453 			 */
454 		case JF_START_SET:
455 			j->flags = j->jid < 0
456 			    ? (j->flags & JF_CLEANUP) | JF_START : JF_SET;
457 			break;
458 		case JF_SET_RESTART:
459 			if (j->jid < 0 && !(j->flags & JF_CLEANUP)) {
460 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
461 				    "no jail specified");
462 				failed(j);
463 				continue;
464 			}
465 			j->flags = rdtun_params(j, 0)
466 			    ? (j->flags & JF_CLEANUP) | JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
467 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
468 				dep_reset(j);
469 			break;
470 		case JF_START_SET_RESTART:
471 			j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START : rdtun_params(j, 0)
472 			    ? (j->flags & JF_CLEANUP) | JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
473 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
474 				dep_reset(j);
475 		}
476 
477 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
478 		case JF_START:
479 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
480 				if (j->jid > 0 &&
481 				    !(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND | JF_WILD))) {
482 					jail_quoted_warnx(j, "already exists",
483 					    NULL);
484 					failed(j);
485 					continue;
486 				}
487 				if (dep_check(j))
488 					continue;
489 				if (j->jid > 0)
490 					goto jail_create_done;
491 				if (j->flags & JF_CLEANUP) {
492 					j->flags |= JF_STOP;
493 					j->comparam = cleancommands;
494 				} else
495 					j->comparam = startcommands;
496 				j->comparam = startcommands;
497 				j->comstring = NULL;
498 			}
499 			if (next_command(j))
500 				continue;
501 			if (j->flags & JF_STOP)
502 				goto jail_remove_done;
503 		jail_create_done:
504 			clear_persist(j);
505 			if (jfp != NULL)
506 				print_jail(jfp, j, oldcl, 1);
507 			dep_done(j, 0);
508 			break;
509 
510 		case JF_SET:
511 			if (j->jid < 0 && !(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
512 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
513 				    "no jail specified");
514 				failed(j);
515 				continue;
516 			}
517 			if (dep_check(j))
518 				continue;
519 			if (!(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
520 				if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0 ||
521 				    update_jail(j) < 0)
522 					continue;
523 				if (verbose >= 0 && (j->name || verbose > 0))
524 					jail_note(j, "updated\n");
525 			}
526 			dep_done(j, 0);
527 			break;
528 
529 		case JF_STOP:
530 		case JF_RESTART:
531 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
532 				if (dep_check(j))
533 					continue;
534 				if (j->flags & JF_CLEANUP) {
535 					j->comparam = j->jid < 0
536 					    ? cleancommands : stopcommands;
537 				} else if (j->jid < 0) {
538 					if (!(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND|JF_WILD))) {
539 						if (verbose >= 0)
540 							jail_quoted_warnx(j,
541 							    "not found", NULL);
542 						failed(j);
543 					}
544 					goto jail_remove_done;
545 				}
546 				else
547 					j->comparam = stopcommands;
548 				j->comstring = NULL;
549 			} else if ((j->flags & JF_FAILED) && j->jid > 0)
550 				goto jail_remove_done;
551 			if (next_command(j))
552 				continue;
553 		jail_remove_done:
554 			dep_done(j, 0);
555 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_FAILED)) == JF_START) {
556 				j->comparam = NULL;
557 				j->flags &= ~(JF_STOP | JF_CLEANUP);
558 				dep_reset(j);
559 				requeue(j, j->ndeps ? &depend : &ready);
560 			}
561 			break;
562 		}
563 	}
564 
565 	if (jfp != NULL)
566 		fclose(jfp);
567 	exit(error);
568 }
569 
570 /*
571  * Mark a jail's failure for future handling.
572  */
573 void
574 failed(struct cfjail *j)
575 {
576 	j->flags |= JF_FAILED;
577 	TAILQ_REMOVE(j->queue, j, tq);
578 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ready, j, tq);
579 	j->queue = &ready;
580 }
581 
582 /*
583  * Exit slightly more gracefully when out of memory.
584  */
585 void *
586 emalloc(size_t size)
587 {
588 	void *p;
589 
590 	p = malloc(size);
591 	if (!p)
592 		err(1, "malloc");
593 	return p;
594 }
595 
596 void *
597 erealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
598 {
599 	void *p;
600 
601 	p = realloc(ptr, size);
602 	if (!p)
603 		err(1, "malloc");
604 	return p;
605 }
606 
607 char *
608 estrdup(const char *str)
609 {
610 	char *ns;
611 
612 	ns = strdup(str);
613 	if (!ns)
614 		err(1, "malloc");
615 	return ns;
616 }
617 
618 /*
619  * Print a message including an optional jail name.
620  */
621 void
622 jail_note(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
623 {
624 	va_list ap, tap;
625 	char *cs;
626 	size_t len;
627 
628 	va_start(ap, fmt);
629 	va_copy(tap, ap);
630 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
631 	va_end(tap);
632 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
633 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
634 	va_end(ap);
635 	if (j->name)
636 		printf("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
637 	else
638 		printf("%s", cs);
639 }
640 
641 /*
642  * Print a warning message including an optional jail name.
643  */
644 void
645 jail_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
646 {
647 	va_list ap, tap;
648 	char *cs;
649 	size_t len;
650 
651 	va_start(ap, fmt);
652 	va_copy(tap, ap);
653 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
654 	va_end(tap);
655 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
656 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
657 	va_end(ap);
658 	if (j->name)
659 		warnx("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
660 	else
661 		warnx("%s", cs);
662 }
663 
664 /*
665  * Create a new jail.
666  */
667 int
668 create_jail(struct cfjail *j)
669 {
670 	struct stat st;
671 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *sjp;
672 	const char *path;
673 	int dopersist, ns;
674 
675 	/*
676 	 * Check the jail's path, with a better error message than jail_set
677 	 * gives.
678 	 */
679 	if ((path = string_param(j->intparams[KP_PATH]))) {
680 		if (j->name != NULL && path[0] != '/') {
681 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: not an absolute pathname",
682 			    path);
683 			return -1;
684 		}
685 		if (stat(path, &st) < 0) {
686 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
687 			return -1;
688 		}
689 		if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
690 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(ENOTDIR));
691 			return -1;
692 		}
693 	}
694 
695 	/*
696 	 * Copy all the parameters, except that "persist" is always set when
697 	 * there are commands to run later.
698 	 */
699 	dopersist = !bool_param(j->intparams[KP_PERSIST]) &&
700 	    (j->intparams[IP_EXEC_START] || j->intparams[IP_COMMAND] ||
701 	     j->intparams[IP_EXEC_POSTSTART]);
702 	sjp = setparams =
703 	    alloca((j->njp + dopersist) * sizeof(struct jailparam));
704 	if (dopersist && jailparam_init(sjp++, "persist") < 0) {
705 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
706 		return -1;
707 	}
708 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
709 		if (!dopersist || !equalopts(jp->jp_name, "persist"))
710 			*sjp++ = *jp;
711 	ns = sjp - setparams;
712 
713 	j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
714 	if (j->jid < 0) {
715 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
716 		failed(j);
717 	}
718 	if (dopersist) {
719 		jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
720 		if (j->jid > 0)
721 			j->flags |= JF_PERSIST;
722 	}
723 	return j->jid;
724 }
725 
726 /*
727  * Remove a temporarily set "persist" parameter.
728  */
729 static void
730 clear_persist(struct cfjail *j)
731 {
732 	struct iovec jiov[4];
733 	int jid;
734 
735 	if (!(j->flags & JF_PERSIST))
736 		return;
737 	j->flags &= ~JF_PERSIST;
738 	jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
739 	jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
740 	jiov[1].iov_base = &j->jid;
741 	jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(j->jid);
742 	jiov[2].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "nopersist");
743 	jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("nopersist");
744 	jiov[3].iov_base = NULL;
745 	jiov[3].iov_len = 0;
746 	jid = jail_set(jiov, 4, JAIL_UPDATE);
747 	if (verbose > 0)
748 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(JAIL_UPDATE) jid=%d nopersist%s%s\n",
749 		    j->jid, jid < 0 ? ": " : "",
750 		    jid < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "");
751 }
752 
753 /*
754  * Set a jail's parameters.
755  */
756 static int
757 update_jail(struct cfjail *j)
758 {
759 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *sjp;
760 	int ns, jid;
761 
762 	ns = 0;
763 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
764 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
765 			ns++;
766 	if (ns == 0)
767 		return 0;
768 	sjp = setparams = alloca(++ns * sizeof(struct jailparam));
769 	if (jailparam_init(sjp, "jid") < 0 ||
770 	    jailparam_import_raw(sjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
771 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
772 		failed(j);
773 		return -1;
774 	}
775 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
776 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
777 			*++sjp = *jp;
778 
779 	jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns, JAIL_UPDATE);
780 	if (jid < 0) {
781 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
782 		failed(j);
783 	}
784 	jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
785 	return jid;
786 }
787 
788 /*
789  * Return if a jail set would change any create-only parameters.
790  */
791 static int
792 rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail)
793 {
794 	struct jailparam *jp, *rtparams, *rtjp;
795 	const void *jp_value;
796 	size_t jp_valuelen;
797 	int nrt, rval, bool_true;
798 
799 	if (j->flags & JF_RDTUN)
800 		return 0;
801 	j->flags |= JF_RDTUN;
802 	nrt = 0;
803 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
804 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
805 			nrt++;
806 	if (nrt == 0)
807 		return 0;
808 	rtjp = rtparams = alloca(++nrt * sizeof(struct jailparam));
809 	if (jailparam_init(rtjp, "jid") < 0 ||
810 	    jailparam_import_raw(rtjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
811 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
812 		exit(1);
813 	}
814 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
815 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
816 			*++rtjp = *jp;
817 			rtjp->jp_value = NULL;
818 		}
819 	rval = 0;
820 	if (jailparam_get(rtparams, nrt, 0) > 0) {
821 		rtjp = rtparams + 1;
822 		for (jp = j->jp; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; jp++) {
823 			if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
824 				jp_value = jp->jp_value;
825 				jp_valuelen = jp->jp_valuelen;
826 				if (jp_value == NULL && jp_valuelen > 0) {
827 					if (jp->jp_flags & (JP_BOOL |
828 					    JP_NOBOOL | JP_JAILSYS)) {
829 						bool_true = 1;
830 						jp_value = &bool_true;
831 						jp_valuelen = sizeof(bool_true);
832 					} else if ((jp->jp_ctltype & CTLTYPE) ==
833 					    CTLTYPE_STRING)
834 						jp_value = "";
835 					else
836 						jp_valuelen = 0;
837 				}
838 				if (rtjp->jp_valuelen != jp_valuelen ||
839 				    (CTLTYPE_STRING ? strncmp(rtjp->jp_value,
840 				    jp_value, jp_valuelen)
841 				    : memcmp(rtjp->jp_value, jp_value,
842 				    jp_valuelen))) {
843 					if (dofail) {
844 						jail_warnx(j, "%s cannot be "
845 						    "changed after creation",
846 						    jp->jp_name);
847 						failed(j);
848 						rval = -1;
849 					} else
850 						rval = 1;
851 					break;
852 				}
853 				rtjp++;
854 			}
855 		}
856 	}
857 	for (rtjp = rtparams + 1; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; rtjp++)
858 		rtjp->jp_name = NULL;
859 	jailparam_free(rtparams, nrt);
860 	return rval;
861 }
862 
863 /*
864  * Get the jail's jid if it is running.
865  */
866 static void
867 running_jid(struct cfjail *j)
868 {
869 	struct iovec jiov[2];
870 	const char *pval;
871 	char *ep;
872 	int jid;
873 
874 	if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID]))) {
875 		if (!(jid = strtol(pval, &ep, 10)) || *ep) {
876 			j->jid = -1;
877 			return;
878 		}
879 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
880 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
881 		jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
882 		jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
883 	} else if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME]))) {
884 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "name");
885 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("name");
886 		jiov[1].iov_len = strlen(pval) + 1;
887 		jiov[1].iov_base = alloca(jiov[1].iov_len);
888 		strcpy(jiov[1].iov_base, pval);
889 	} else {
890 		j->jid = -1;
891 		return;
892 	}
893 	j->jid = jail_get(jiov, 2, 0);
894 }
895 
896 static void
897 jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
898     const char *noname_msg)
899 {
900 	const char *pval;
901 
902 	if ((pval = j->name) || (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID])) ||
903 	    (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME])))
904 		warnx("\"%s\" %s", pval, name_msg);
905 	else
906 		warnx("%s", noname_msg);
907 }
908 
909 /*
910  * Set jail parameters and possibly print them out.
911  */
912 static int
913 jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp, unsigned njp,
914     int flags)
915 {
916 	char *value;
917 	int jid;
918 	unsigned i;
919 
920 	jid = jailparam_set(jp, njp, flags);
921 	if (verbose > 0) {
922 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(%s)",
923 		    (flags & (JAIL_CREATE | JAIL_UPDATE)) == JAIL_CREATE
924 		    ? "JAIL_CREATE" : "JAIL_UPDATE");
925 		for (i = 0; i < njp; i++) {
926 			printf(" %s", jp[i].jp_name);
927 			if (jp[i].jp_value == NULL)
928 				continue;
929 			putchar('=');
930 			value = jailparam_export(jp + i);
931 			if (value == NULL)
932 				err(1, "jailparam_export");
933 			quoted_print(stdout, value);
934 			free(value);
935 		}
936 		if (jid < 0)
937 			printf(": %s", strerror(errno));
938 		printf("\n");
939 	}
940 	return jid;
941 }
942 
943 /*
944  * Print a jail record.
945  */
946 static void
947 print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl, int running)
948 {
949 	struct cfparam *p;
950 	int printsep;
951 
952 	if (oldcl) {
953 		if (running)
954 			fprintf(fp, "%d%s", j->jid, separator);
955 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_PATH], ',', 0);
956 		fputs(separator, fp);
957 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_HOST_HOSTNAME], ',', 0);
958 		fputs(separator, fp);
959 #ifdef INET
960 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR], ',', 0);
961 #ifdef INET6
962 		if (j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR] &&
963 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR]->val) &&
964 		    j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR] &&
965 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR]->val))
966 		    putc(',', fp);
967 #endif
968 #endif
969 #ifdef INET6
970 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR], ',', 0);
971 #endif
972 		fputs(separator, fp);
973 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[IP_COMMAND], ' ', 0);
974 	} else {
975 		printsep = 0;
976 		if (running) {
977 			fprintf(fp, "jid=%d", j->jid);
978 			printsep = 1;
979 		}
980 		TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &j->params, tq)
981 			if (strcmp(p->name, "jid")) {
982 				if (printsep)
983 					fputs(separator, fp);
984 				else
985 					printsep = 1;
986 				print_param(fp, p, ',', 1);
987 			}
988 	}
989 	putc('\n', fp);
990 }
991 
992 /*
993  * Exhibit list of all configured non-wildcard jails
994  */
995 static void
996 show_jails(void)
997 {
998 	struct cfjail *j;
999 
1000 	TAILQ_FOREACH(j, &cfjails, tq)
1001 		print_jail(stdout, j, 0, 0);
1002 }
1003 
1004 /*
1005  * Print a parameter value, or a name=value pair.
1006  */
1007 static void
1008 print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname)
1009 {
1010 	const struct cfstring *s, *ts;
1011 
1012 	if (doname)
1013 		fputs(p->name, fp);
1014 	if (p == NULL || TAILQ_EMPTY(&p->val))
1015 		return;
1016 	if (doname)
1017 		putc('=', fp);
1018 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(s, &p->val, tq, ts) {
1019 		quoted_print(fp, s->s);
1020 		if (ts != NULL)
1021 			putc(sep, fp);
1022 	}
1023 }
1024 
1025 /*
1026  * Print a string with quotes around spaces.
1027  */
1028 static void
1029 quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str)
1030 {
1031 	int c, qc;
1032 	char *p = str;
1033 
1034 	qc = !*p ? '"'
1035 	    : strchr(p, '\'') ? '"'
1036 	    : strchr(p, '"') ? '\''
1037 	    : strchr(p, ' ') || strchr(p, '\t') ? '"'
1038 	    : 0;
1039 	if (qc)
1040 		putc(qc, fp);
1041 	while ((c = *p++)) {
1042 		if (c == '\\' || c == qc)
1043 			putc('\\', fp);
1044 		putc(c, fp);
1045 	}
1046 	if (qc)
1047 		putc(qc, fp);
1048 }
1049 
1050 static void
1051 usage(void)
1052 {
1053 
1054 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
1055 	    "usage: jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1056 	    "            -[cmr] param=value ... [command=command ...]\n"
1057 	    "       jail [-dqv] [-f file] -[cmr] [jail]\n"
1058 	    "       jail [-qv] [-f file] -[rR] ['*' | jail ...]\n"
1059 	    "       jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1060 	    "            [-n jailname] [-s securelevel]\n"
1061 	    "            path hostname ip[,...] command ...\n"
1062 	    "       jail [-f file] -e separator\n");
1063 	exit(1);
1064 }
1065