xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/jail/jail.c (revision 78b9f0095b4af3aca6c931b2c7b009ddb8a05125)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1999 Poul-Henning Kamp.
5  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 James Gritton
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32 
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/stat.h>
35 #include <sys/socket.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 
38 #include <arpa/inet.h>
39 #include <netinet/in.h>
40 
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <stdarg.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 
49 #include "jailp.h"
50 
51 #define JP_RDTUN(jp)	(((jp)->jp_ctltype & CTLFLAG_RDTUN) == CTLFLAG_RDTUN)
52 
53 struct permspec {
54 	const char	*name;
55 	enum intparam	ipnum;
56 	int		rev;
57 };
58 
59 const char *cfname;
60 int iflag;
61 int note_remove;
62 int verbose;
63 
64 static void clear_persist(struct cfjail *j);
65 static int update_jail(struct cfjail *j);
66 static int rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail);
67 static void running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag);
68 static void jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
69     const char *noname_msg);
70 static int jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp,
71     unsigned njp, int flags);
72 static void print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl);
73 static void print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname);
74 static void quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str);
75 static void usage(void);
76 
77 static struct permspec perm_sysctl[] = {
78     { "security.jail.set_hostname_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SET_HOSTNAME, 0 },
79     { "security.jail.sysvipc_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SYSVIPC, 0 },
80     { "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets", KP_ALLOW_RAW_SOCKETS, 0 },
81     { "security.jail.chflags_allowed", KP_ALLOW_CHFLAGS, 0 },
82     { "security.jail.mount_allowed", KP_ALLOW_MOUNT, 0 },
83     { "security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only", KP_ALLOW_SOCKET_AF, 1 },
84 };
85 
86 static const enum intparam startcommands[] = {
87     IP__NULL,
88 #ifdef INET
89     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
90 #endif
91 #ifdef INET6
92     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
93 #endif
94     IP_MOUNT,
95     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
96     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
97     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
98     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
99     IP_EXEC_PRESTART,
100     IP__OP,
101     IP_EXEC_CREATED,
102     IP_VNET_INTERFACE,
103     IP_EXEC_START,
104     IP_COMMAND,
105     IP_EXEC_POSTSTART,
106     IP__NULL
107 };
108 
109 static const enum intparam stopcommands[] = {
110     IP__NULL,
111     IP_EXEC_PRESTOP,
112     IP_EXEC_STOP,
113     IP_STOP_TIMEOUT,
114     IP__OP,
115     IP_EXEC_POSTSTOP,
116     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
117     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
118     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
119     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
120     IP_MOUNT,
121 #ifdef INET6
122     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
123 #endif
124 #ifdef INET
125     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
126 #endif
127     IP__NULL
128 };
129 
130 int
131 main(int argc, char **argv)
132 {
133 	struct stat st;
134 	FILE *jfp;
135 	struct cfjail *j;
136 	char *JidFile;
137 	size_t sysvallen;
138 	unsigned op, pi;
139 	int ch, docf, error, i, oldcl, sysval;
140 	int dflag, Rflag;
141 	char enforce_statfs[4];
142 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
143 	char *cs, *ncs;
144 #endif
145 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
146 	struct in6_addr addr6;
147 #endif
148 
149 	op = 0;
150 	dflag = Rflag = 0;
151 	docf = 1;
152 	cfname = CONF_FILE;
153 	JidFile = NULL;
154 
155 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cdf:hiJ:lmn:p:qrRs:u:U:v")) != -1) {
156 		switch (ch) {
157 		case 'c':
158 			op |= JF_START;
159 			break;
160 		case 'd':
161 			dflag = 1;
162 			break;
163 		case 'f':
164 			cfname = optarg;
165 			break;
166 		case 'h':
167 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
168 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_IP_HOSTNAME, NULL);
169 #endif
170 			docf = 0;
171 			break;
172 		case 'i':
173 			iflag = 1;
174 			verbose = -1;
175 			break;
176 		case 'J':
177 			JidFile = optarg;
178 			break;
179 		case 'l':
180 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_CLEAN, NULL);
181 			docf = 0;
182 			break;
183 		case 'm':
184 			op |= JF_SET;
185 			break;
186 		case 'n':
187 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_NAME, optarg);
188 			docf = 0;
189 			break;
190 		case 'p':
191 			paralimit = strtol(optarg, NULL, 10);
192 			if (paralimit == 0)
193 				paralimit = -1;
194 			break;
195 		case 'q':
196 			verbose = -1;
197 			break;
198 		case 'r':
199 			op |= JF_STOP;
200 			break;
201 		case 'R':
202 			op |= JF_STOP;
203 			Rflag = 1;
204 			break;
205 		case 's':
206 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_SECURELEVEL, optarg);
207 			docf = 0;
208 			break;
209 		case 'u':
210 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
211 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER, NULL);
212 			docf = 0;
213 			break;
214 		case 'U':
215 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
216 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER,
217 			    "false");
218 			docf = 0;
219 			break;
220 		case 'v':
221 			verbose = 1;
222 			break;
223 		default:
224 			usage();
225 		}
226 	}
227 	argc -= optind;
228 	argv += optind;
229 
230 	/* Find out which of the four command line styles this is. */
231 	oldcl = 0;
232 	if (!op) {
233 		/* Old-style command line with four fixed parameters */
234 		if (argc < 4 || argv[0][0] != '/')
235 			usage();
236 		op = JF_START;
237 		docf = 0;
238 		oldcl = 1;
239 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_PATH, argv[0]);
240 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_HOST_HOSTNAME, argv[1]);
241 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
242 		if (argv[2][0] != '\0') {
243 			for (cs = argv[2];; cs = ncs + 1) {
244 				ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
245 				if (ncs)
246 					*ncs = '\0';
247 				add_param(NULL, NULL,
248 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
249 				    inet_pton(AF_INET6, cs, &addr6) == 1
250 				    ? KP_IP6_ADDR : KP_IP4_ADDR,
251 #elif defined(INET)
252 				    KP_IP4_ADDR,
253 #elif defined(INET6)
254 				    KP_IP6_ADDR,
255 #endif
256 				    cs);
257 				if (!ncs)
258 					break;
259 			}
260 		}
261 #endif
262 		for (i = 3; i < argc; i++)
263 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND, argv[i]);
264 		/* Emulate the defaults from security.jail.* sysctls. */
265 		sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
266 		if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.jailed", &sysval, &sysvallen,
267 		    NULL, 0) == 0 && sysval == 0) {
268 			for (pi = 0; pi < sizeof(perm_sysctl) /
269 			     sizeof(perm_sysctl[0]); pi++) {
270 				sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
271 				if (sysctlbyname(perm_sysctl[pi].name,
272 				    &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0)
273 					add_param(NULL, NULL,
274 					    perm_sysctl[pi].ipnum,
275 					    (sysval ? 1 : 0) ^
276 					    perm_sysctl[pi].rev
277 					    ? NULL : "false");
278 			}
279 			sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
280 			if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.enforce_statfs",
281 			    &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0) {
282 				snprintf(enforce_statfs,
283 				    sizeof(enforce_statfs), "%d", sysval);
284 				add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_ENFORCE_STATFS,
285 				    enforce_statfs);
286 			}
287 		}
288 	} else if (op == JF_STOP) {
289 		/* Jail remove, perhaps using the config file */
290 		if (!docf || argc == 0)
291 			usage();
292 		if (!Rflag)
293 			for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
294 				if (strchr(argv[i], '='))
295 					usage();
296 		if ((docf = !Rflag &&
297 		     (!strcmp(cfname, "-") || stat(cfname, &st) == 0)))
298 			load_config();
299 		note_remove = docf || argc > 1 || wild_jail_name(argv[0]);
300 	} else if (argc > 1 || (argc == 1 && strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
301 		/* Single jail specified on the command line */
302 		if (Rflag)
303 			usage();
304 		docf = 0;
305 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
306 			if (!strncmp(argv[i], "command", 7) &&
307 			    (argv[i][7] == '\0' || argv[i][7] == '=')) {
308 				if (argv[i][7]  == '=')
309 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
310 					    argv[i] + 8);
311 				for (i++; i < argc; i++)
312 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
313 					    argv[i]);
314 			}
315 #ifdef INET
316 			else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip4.addr=", 9)) {
317 				for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
318 					ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
319 					if (ncs)
320 						*ncs = '\0';
321 					add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP4_ADDR, cs);
322 					if (!ncs)
323 						break;
324 				}
325 			}
326 #endif
327 #ifdef INET6
328 			else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip6.addr=", 9)) {
329 				for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
330 					ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
331 					if (ncs)
332 						*ncs = '\0';
333 					add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP6_ADDR, cs);
334 					if (!ncs)
335 						break;
336 				}
337 			}
338 #endif
339 			else
340 				add_param(NULL, NULL, 0, argv[i]);
341 		}
342 	} else {
343 		/* From the config file, perhaps with a specified jail */
344 		if (Rflag || !docf)
345 			usage();
346 		load_config();
347 	}
348 
349 	/* Find out which jails will be run. */
350 	dep_setup(docf);
351 	error = 0;
352 	if (op == JF_STOP) {
353 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
354 			if (start_state(argv[i], docf, op, Rflag) < 0)
355 				error = 1;
356 	} else {
357 		if (start_state(argv[0], docf, op, 0) < 0)
358 			exit(1);
359 	}
360 
361 	jfp = NULL;
362 	if (JidFile != NULL) {
363 		jfp = fopen(JidFile, "w");
364 		if (jfp == NULL)
365 			err(1, "open %s", JidFile);
366 		setlinebuf(jfp);
367 	}
368 	setlinebuf(stdout);
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * The main loop: Get an available jail and perform the required
372 	 * operation on it.  When that is done, the jail may be finished,
373 	 * or it may go back for the next step.
374 	 */
375 	while ((j = next_jail()))
376 	{
377 		if (j->flags & JF_FAILED) {
378 			error = 1;
379 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
380 				dep_done(j, 0);
381 				continue;
382 			}
383 		}
384 		if (!(j->flags & JF_PARAMS))
385 		{
386 			j->flags |= JF_PARAMS;
387 			if (dflag)
388 				add_param(j, NULL, IP_ALLOW_DYING, NULL);
389 			if (check_intparams(j) < 0)
390 				continue;
391 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_SET)) &&
392 			    import_params(j) < 0)
393 				continue;
394 		}
395 		if (!j->jid)
396 			running_jid(j,
397 			    (j->flags & (JF_SET | JF_DEPEND)) == JF_SET
398 			    ? dflag || bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
399 			    : 0);
400 		if (finish_command(j))
401 			continue;
402 
403 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
404 			/*
405 			 * These operations just turn into a different op
406 			 * depending on the jail's current status.
407 			 */
408 		case JF_START_SET:
409 			j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START : JF_SET;
410 			break;
411 		case JF_SET_RESTART:
412 			if (j->jid < 0) {
413 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
414 				    "no jail specified");
415 				failed(j);
416 				continue;
417 			}
418 			j->flags = rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
419 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
420 				dep_reset(j);
421 			break;
422 		case JF_START_SET_RESTART:
423 			j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START
424 			    : rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
425 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
426 				dep_reset(j);
427 		}
428 
429 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
430 		case JF_START:
431 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
432 				if (j->jid > 0 &&
433 				    !(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND | JF_WILD))) {
434 					jail_quoted_warnx(j, "already exists",
435 					    NULL);
436 					failed(j);
437 					continue;
438 				}
439 				if (dep_check(j))
440 					continue;
441 				if (j->jid > 0)
442 					goto jail_create_done;
443 				j->comparam = startcommands;
444 				j->comstring = NULL;
445 			}
446 			if (next_command(j))
447 				continue;
448 		jail_create_done:
449 			clear_persist(j);
450 			if (jfp != NULL)
451 				print_jail(jfp, j, oldcl);
452 			dep_done(j, 0);
453 			break;
454 
455 		case JF_SET:
456 			if (j->jid < 0 && !(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
457 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
458 				    "no jail specified");
459 				failed(j);
460 				continue;
461 			}
462 			if (dep_check(j))
463 				continue;
464 			if (!(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
465 				if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0 ||
466 				    update_jail(j) < 0)
467 					continue;
468 				if (verbose >= 0 && (j->name || verbose > 0))
469 					jail_note(j, "updated\n");
470 			}
471 			dep_done(j, 0);
472 			break;
473 
474 		case JF_STOP:
475 		case JF_RESTART:
476 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
477 				if (dep_check(j))
478 					continue;
479 				if (j->jid < 0) {
480 					if (!(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND|JF_WILD))) {
481 						if (verbose >= 0)
482 							jail_quoted_warnx(j,
483 							    "not found", NULL);
484 						failed(j);
485 					}
486 					goto jail_remove_done;
487 				}
488 				j->comparam = stopcommands;
489 				j->comstring = NULL;
490 			} else if ((j->flags & JF_FAILED) && j->jid > 0)
491 				goto jail_remove_done;
492 			if (next_command(j))
493 				continue;
494 		jail_remove_done:
495 			dep_done(j, 0);
496 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_FAILED)) == JF_START) {
497 				j->comparam = NULL;
498 				j->flags &= ~JF_STOP;
499 				dep_reset(j);
500 				requeue(j, j->ndeps ? &depend : &ready);
501 			}
502 			break;
503 		}
504 	}
505 
506 	if (jfp != NULL)
507 		fclose(jfp);
508 	exit(error);
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * Mark a jail's failure for future handling.
513  */
514 void
515 failed(struct cfjail *j)
516 {
517 	j->flags |= JF_FAILED;
518 	TAILQ_REMOVE(j->queue, j, tq);
519 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ready, j, tq);
520 	j->queue = &ready;
521 }
522 
523 /*
524  * Exit slightly more gracefully when out of memory.
525  */
526 void *
527 emalloc(size_t size)
528 {
529 	void *p;
530 
531 	p = malloc(size);
532 	if (!p)
533 		err(1, "malloc");
534 	return p;
535 }
536 
537 void *
538 erealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
539 {
540 	void *p;
541 
542 	p = realloc(ptr, size);
543 	if (!p)
544 		err(1, "malloc");
545 	return p;
546 }
547 
548 char *
549 estrdup(const char *str)
550 {
551 	char *ns;
552 
553 	ns = strdup(str);
554 	if (!ns)
555 		err(1, "malloc");
556 	return ns;
557 }
558 
559 /*
560  * Print a message including an optional jail name.
561  */
562 void
563 jail_note(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
564 {
565 	va_list ap, tap;
566 	char *cs;
567 	size_t len;
568 
569 	va_start(ap, fmt);
570 	va_copy(tap, ap);
571 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
572 	va_end(tap);
573 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
574 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
575 	va_end(ap);
576 	if (j->name)
577 		printf("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
578 	else
579 		printf("%s", cs);
580 }
581 
582 /*
583  * Print a warning message including an optional jail name.
584  */
585 void
586 jail_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
587 {
588 	va_list ap, tap;
589 	char *cs;
590 	size_t len;
591 
592 	va_start(ap, fmt);
593 	va_copy(tap, ap);
594 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
595 	va_end(tap);
596 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
597 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
598 	va_end(ap);
599 	if (j->name)
600 		warnx("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
601 	else
602 		warnx("%s", cs);
603 }
604 
605 /*
606  * Create a new jail.
607  */
608 int
609 create_jail(struct cfjail *j)
610 {
611 	struct iovec jiov[4];
612 	struct stat st;
613 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *setparams2, *sjp;
614 	const char *path;
615 	int dopersist, ns, jid, dying, didfail;
616 
617 	/*
618 	 * Check the jail's path, with a better error message than jail_set
619 	 * gives.
620 	 */
621 	if ((path = string_param(j->intparams[KP_PATH]))) {
622 		if (j->name != NULL && path[0] != '/') {
623 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: not an absolute pathname",
624 			    path);
625 			return -1;
626 		}
627 		if (stat(path, &st) < 0) {
628 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
629 			return -1;
630 		}
631 		if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
632 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(ENOTDIR));
633 			return -1;
634 		}
635 	}
636 
637 	/*
638 	 * Copy all the parameters, except that "persist" is always set when
639 	 * there are commands to run later.
640 	 */
641 	dopersist = !bool_param(j->intparams[KP_PERSIST]) &&
642 	    (j->intparams[IP_EXEC_START] || j->intparams[IP_COMMAND] ||
643 	     j->intparams[IP_EXEC_POSTSTART]);
644 	sjp = setparams =
645 	    alloca((j->njp + dopersist) * sizeof(struct jailparam));
646 	if (dopersist && jailparam_init(sjp++, "persist") < 0) {
647 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
648 		return -1;
649 	}
650 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
651 		if (!dopersist || !equalopts(jp->jp_name, "persist"))
652 			*sjp++ = *jp;
653 	ns = sjp - setparams;
654 
655 	didfail = 0;
656 	j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
657 	if (j->jid < 0 && errno == EEXIST &&
658 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) &&
659 	    int_param(j->intparams[KP_JID], &jid) && jid != 0) {
660 		/*
661 		 * The jail already exists, but may be dying.
662 		 * Make sure it is, in which case an update is appropriate.
663 		 */
664 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
665 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
666 		jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
667 		jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
668 		jiov[2].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "dying");
669 		jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("dying");
670 		jiov[3].iov_base = &dying;
671 		jiov[3].iov_len = sizeof(dying);
672 		if (jail_get(jiov, 4, JAIL_DYING) < 0) {
673 			/*
674 			 * It could be that the jail just barely finished
675 			 * dying, or it could be that the jid never existed
676 			 * but the name does.  In either case, another try
677 			 * at creating the jail should do the right thing.
678 			 */
679 			if (errno == ENOENT)
680 				j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
681 				    JAIL_CREATE);
682 		} else if (dying) {
683 			j->jid = jid;
684 			if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0) {
685 				j->jid = -1;
686 				didfail = 1;
687 			} else {
688 				sjp = setparams2 = alloca((j->njp + dopersist) *
689 				    sizeof(struct jailparam));
690 				for (jp = setparams; jp < setparams + ns; jp++)
691 					if (!JP_RDTUN(jp) ||
692 					    !strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
693 						*sjp++ = *jp;
694 				j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams2,
695 				    sjp - setparams2, JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING);
696 				/*
697 				 * Again, perhaps the jail just finished dying.
698 				 */
699 				if (j->jid < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
700 					j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j,
701 					    setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
702 			}
703 		}
704 	}
705 	if (j->jid < 0 && !didfail) {
706 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
707 		failed(j);
708 	}
709 	if (dopersist) {
710 		jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
711 		if (j->jid > 0)
712 			j->flags |= JF_PERSIST;
713 	}
714 	return j->jid;
715 }
716 
717 /*
718  * Remove a temporarily set "persist" parameter.
719  */
720 static void
721 clear_persist(struct cfjail *j)
722 {
723 	struct iovec jiov[4];
724 	int jid;
725 
726 	if (!(j->flags & JF_PERSIST))
727 		return;
728 	j->flags &= ~JF_PERSIST;
729 	jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
730 	jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
731 	jiov[1].iov_base = &j->jid;
732 	jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(j->jid);
733 	jiov[2].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "nopersist");
734 	jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("nopersist");
735 	jiov[3].iov_base = NULL;
736 	jiov[3].iov_len = 0;
737 	jid = jail_set(jiov, 4, JAIL_UPDATE);
738 	if (verbose > 0)
739 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(JAIL_UPDATE) jid=%d nopersist%s%s\n",
740 		    j->jid, jid < 0 ? ": " : "",
741 		    jid < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "");
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * Set a jail's parameters.
746  */
747 static int
748 update_jail(struct cfjail *j)
749 {
750 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *sjp;
751 	int ns, jid;
752 
753 	ns = 0;
754 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
755 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
756 			ns++;
757 	if (ns == 0)
758 		return 0;
759 	sjp = setparams = alloca(++ns * sizeof(struct jailparam));
760 	if (jailparam_init(sjp, "jid") < 0 ||
761 	    jailparam_import_raw(sjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
762 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
763 		failed(j);
764 		return -1;
765 	}
766 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
767 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
768 			*++sjp = *jp;
769 
770 	jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
771 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
772 	    ? JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING : JAIL_UPDATE);
773 	if (jid < 0) {
774 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
775 		failed(j);
776 	}
777 	jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
778 	return jid;
779 }
780 
781 /*
782  * Return if a jail set would change any create-only parameters.
783  */
784 static int
785 rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail)
786 {
787 	struct jailparam *jp, *rtparams, *rtjp;
788 	int nrt, rval;
789 
790 	if (j->flags & JF_RDTUN)
791 		return 0;
792 	j->flags |= JF_RDTUN;
793 	nrt = 0;
794 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
795 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
796 			nrt++;
797 	if (nrt == 0)
798 		return 0;
799 	rtjp = rtparams = alloca(++nrt * sizeof(struct jailparam));
800 	if (jailparam_init(rtjp, "jid") < 0 ||
801 	    jailparam_import_raw(rtjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
802 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
803 		exit(1);
804 	}
805 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
806 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
807 			*++rtjp = *jp;
808 			rtjp->jp_value = NULL;
809 		}
810 	rval = 0;
811 	if (jailparam_get(rtparams, nrt,
812 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) ? JAIL_DYING : 0) > 0) {
813 		rtjp = rtparams + 1;
814 		for (jp = j->jp; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; jp++) {
815 			if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
816 				if (!((jp->jp_flags & (JP_BOOL | JP_NOBOOL)) &&
817 				    jp->jp_valuelen == 0 &&
818 				    *(int *)jp->jp_value) &&
819 				    !(rtjp->jp_valuelen == jp->jp_valuelen &&
820 				    !((jp->jp_ctltype & CTLTYPE) ==
821 				    CTLTYPE_STRING ? strncmp(rtjp->jp_value,
822 				    jp->jp_value, jp->jp_valuelen) :
823 				    memcmp(rtjp->jp_value, jp->jp_value,
824 				    jp->jp_valuelen)))) {
825 					if (dofail) {
826 						jail_warnx(j, "%s cannot be "
827 						    "changed after creation",
828 						    jp->jp_name);
829 						failed(j);
830 						rval = -1;
831 					} else
832 						rval = 1;
833 					break;
834 				}
835 				rtjp++;
836 			}
837 		}
838 	}
839 	for (rtjp = rtparams + 1; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; rtjp++)
840 		rtjp->jp_name = NULL;
841 	jailparam_free(rtparams, nrt);
842 	return rval;
843 }
844 
845 /*
846  * Get the jail's jid if it is running.
847  */
848 static void
849 running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag)
850 {
851 	struct iovec jiov[2];
852 	const char *pval;
853 	char *ep;
854 	int jid;
855 
856 	if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID]))) {
857 		if (!(jid = strtol(pval, &ep, 10)) || *ep) {
858 			j->jid = -1;
859 			return;
860 		}
861 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
862 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
863 		jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
864 		jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
865 	} else if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME]))) {
866 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "name");
867 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("name");
868 		jiov[1].iov_len = strlen(pval) + 1;
869 		jiov[1].iov_base = alloca(jiov[1].iov_len);
870 		strcpy(jiov[1].iov_base, pval);
871 	} else {
872 		j->jid = -1;
873 		return;
874 	}
875 	j->jid = jail_get(jiov, 2, dflag ? JAIL_DYING : 0);
876 }
877 
878 static void
879 jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
880     const char *noname_msg)
881 {
882 	const char *pval;
883 
884 	if ((pval = j->name) || (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID])) ||
885 	    (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME])))
886 		warnx("\"%s\" %s", pval, name_msg);
887 	else
888 		warnx("%s", noname_msg);
889 }
890 
891 /*
892  * Set jail parameters and possibly print them out.
893  */
894 static int
895 jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp, unsigned njp,
896     int flags)
897 {
898 	char *value;
899 	int jid;
900 	unsigned i;
901 
902 	jid = jailparam_set(jp, njp, flags);
903 	if (verbose > 0) {
904 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(%s%s)",
905 		    (flags & (JAIL_CREATE | JAIL_UPDATE)) == JAIL_CREATE
906 		    ? "JAIL_CREATE" : "JAIL_UPDATE",
907 		    (flags & JAIL_DYING) ? " | JAIL_DYING" : "");
908 		for (i = 0; i < njp; i++) {
909 			printf(" %s", jp[i].jp_name);
910 			if (jp[i].jp_value == NULL)
911 				continue;
912 			putchar('=');
913 			value = jailparam_export(jp + i);
914 			if (value == NULL)
915 				err(1, "jailparam_export");
916 			quoted_print(stdout, value);
917 			free(value);
918 		}
919 		if (jid < 0)
920 			printf(": %s", strerror(errno));
921 		printf("\n");
922 	}
923 	return jid;
924 }
925 
926 /*
927  * Print a jail record.
928  */
929 static void
930 print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl)
931 {
932 	struct cfparam *p;
933 
934 	if (oldcl) {
935 		fprintf(fp, "%d\t", j->jid);
936 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_PATH], ',', 0);
937 		putc('\t', fp);
938 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_HOST_HOSTNAME], ',', 0);
939 		putc('\t', fp);
940 #ifdef INET
941 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR], ',', 0);
942 #ifdef INET6
943 		if (j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR] &&
944 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR]->val) &&
945 		    j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR] &&
946 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR]->val))
947 		    putc(',', fp);
948 #endif
949 #endif
950 #ifdef INET6
951 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR], ',', 0);
952 #endif
953 		putc('\t', fp);
954 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[IP_COMMAND], ' ', 0);
955 	} else {
956 		fprintf(fp, "jid=%d", j->jid);
957 		TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &j->params, tq)
958 			if (strcmp(p->name, "jid")) {
959 				putc(' ', fp);
960 				print_param(fp, p, ',', 1);
961 			}
962 	}
963 	putc('\n', fp);
964 }
965 
966 /*
967  * Print a parameter value, or a name=value pair.
968  */
969 static void
970 print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname)
971 {
972 	const struct cfstring *s, *ts;
973 
974 	if (doname)
975 		fputs(p->name, fp);
976 	if (p == NULL || TAILQ_EMPTY(&p->val))
977 		return;
978 	if (doname)
979 		putc('=', fp);
980 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(s, &p->val, tq, ts) {
981 		quoted_print(fp, s->s);
982 		if (ts != NULL)
983 			putc(sep, fp);
984 	}
985 }
986 
987 /*
988  * Print a string with quotes around spaces.
989  */
990 static void
991 quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str)
992 {
993 	int c, qc;
994 	char *p = str;
995 
996 	qc = !*p ? '"'
997 	    : strchr(p, '\'') ? '"'
998 	    : strchr(p, '"') ? '\''
999 	    : strchr(p, ' ') || strchr(p, '\t') ? '"'
1000 	    : 0;
1001 	if (qc)
1002 		putc(qc, fp);
1003 	while ((c = *p++)) {
1004 		if (c == '\\' || c == qc)
1005 			putc('\\', fp);
1006 		putc(c, fp);
1007 	}
1008 	if (qc)
1009 		putc(qc, fp);
1010 }
1011 
1012 static void
1013 usage(void)
1014 {
1015 
1016 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
1017 	    "usage: jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1018 	    "            -[cmr] param=value ... [command=command ...]\n"
1019 	    "       jail [-dqv] [-f file] -[cmr] [jail]\n"
1020 	    "       jail [-qv] [-f file] -[rR] ['*' | jail ...]\n"
1021 	    "       jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1022 	    "            [-n jailname] [-s securelevel]\n"
1023 	    "            path hostname [ip[,...]] command ...\n");
1024 	exit(1);
1025 }
1026