xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision afe61c15161c324a7af299a9b8457aba5afc92db)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/26/94";
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/buf.h>
46 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
47 
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <fcntl.h>
51 #include <kvm.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <nlist.h>
54 #include <paths.h>
55 #include <signal.h>
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 
61 struct nlist namelist[] = {
62 #define	X_DK_TIME	0
63 	{ "_dk_time" },
64 #define	X_DK_XFER	1
65 	{ "_dk_xfer" },
66 #define	X_DK_WDS	2
67 	{ "_dk_wds" },
68 #define	X_TK_NIN	3
69 	{ "_tk_nin" },
70 #define	X_TK_NOUT	4
71 	{ "_tk_nout" },
72 #define	X_DK_SEEK	5
73 	{ "_dk_seek" },
74 #define	X_CP_TIME	6
75 	{ "_cp_time" },
76 #define	X_DK_WPMS	7
77 	{ "_dk_wpms" },
78 #define	X_HZ		8
79 	{ "_hz" },
80 #define	X_STATHZ	9
81 	{ "_stathz" },
82 #define	X_DK_NDRIVE	10
83 	{ "_dk_ndrive" },
84 #define	X_END		10
85 #if defined(hp300) || defined(luna68k)
86 #define	X_HPDINIT	(X_END+1)
87 	{ "_hp_dinit" },
88 #endif
89 #ifdef mips
90 #define	X_SCSI_DINIT	(X_END+1)
91 	{ "_scsi_dinit" },
92 #endif
93 #ifdef tahoe
94 #define	X_VBDINIT	(X_END+1)
95 	{ "_vbdinit" },
96 #endif
97 #ifdef vax
98 	{ "_mbdinit" },
99 #define X_MBDINIT	(X_END+1)
100 	{ "_ubdinit" },
101 #define X_UBDINIT	(X_END+2)
102 #endif
103 	{ NULL },
104 };
105 
106 struct _disk {
107 	long	cp_time[CPUSTATES];
108 	long	*dk_time;
109 	long	*dk_wds;
110 	long	*dk_seek;
111 	long	*dk_xfer;
112 	long	tk_nin;
113 	long	tk_nout;
114 } cur, last;
115 
116 kvm_t	 *kd;
117 double	  etime;
118 long	 *dk_wpms;
119 int	  dk_ndrive, *dr_select, hz, kmemfd, ndrives;
120 char	**dr_name;
121 
122 #define nlread(x, v) \
123 	kvm_read(kd, namelist[x].n_value, &(v), sizeof(v))
124 
125 #include "names.c"				/* XXX */
126 
127 void cpustats __P((void));
128 void dkstats __P((void));
129 void phdr __P((int));
130 void usage __P((void));
131 
132 int
133 main(argc, argv)
134 	int argc;
135 	char *argv[];
136 {
137 	register int i;
138 	long tmp;
139 	int ch, hdrcnt, reps, interval, stathz, ndrives;
140 	char **cp, *memf, *nlistf, buf[30];
141         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
142 
143 	interval = reps = 0;
144 	nlistf = memf = NULL;
145 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:M:N:w:")) != EOF)
146 		switch(ch) {
147 		case 'c':
148 			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
149 				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
150 			break;
151 		case 'M':
152 			memf = optarg;
153 			break;
154 		case 'N':
155 			nlistf = optarg;
156 			break;
157 		case 'w':
158 			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
159 				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
160 			break;
161 		case '?':
162 		default:
163 			usage();
164 		}
165 	argc -= optind;
166 	argv += optind;
167 
168 	/*
169 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
170 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
171 	 */
172 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
173 		setgid(getgid());
174 
175         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
176 	if (kd == 0)
177 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
178 	if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
179 		errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
180 	if (namelist[X_DK_NDRIVE].n_type == 0)
181 		errx(1, "dk_ndrive not found in namelist");
182 	(void)nlread(X_DK_NDRIVE, dk_ndrive);
183 	if (dk_ndrive <= 0)
184 		errx(1, "invalid dk_ndrive %d\n", dk_ndrive);
185 
186 	cur.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
187 	cur.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
188 	cur.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
189 	cur.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
190 	last.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
191 	last.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
192 	last.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
193 	last.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
194 	dr_select = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(int));
195 	dr_name = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(char *));
196 	dk_wpms = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
197 
198 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
199 		(void)sprintf(buf, "dk%d", i);
200 		dr_name[i] = strdup(buf);
201 	}
202 	if (!read_names())
203 		exit(1);
204 	(void)nlread(X_HZ, hz);
205 	(void)nlread(X_STATHZ, stathz);
206 	if (stathz)
207 		hz = stathz;
208 	(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WPMS].n_value, dk_wpms,
209 		dk_ndrive * sizeof(dk_wpms));
210 
211 	/*
212 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
213 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
214 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
215 	 * few that fit.
216 	 *
217 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
218 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
219 	 */
220 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
221 	for (ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
222 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
223 		if (isdigit(**argv))
224 			break;
225 #endif
226 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
227 			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *argv))
228 				continue;
229 			dr_select[i] = 1;
230 			++ndrives;
231 		}
232 	}
233 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
234 	if (*argv) {
235 		interval = atoi(*argv);
236 		if (*++argv)
237 			reps = atoi(*argv);
238 	}
239 #endif
240 
241 	if (interval) {
242 		if (!reps)
243 			reps = -1;
244 	} else
245 		if (reps)
246 			interval = 1;
247 
248 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
249 		if (dr_select[i] || dk_wpms[i] == 0)
250 			continue;
251 		for (cp = defdrives; *cp; cp++)
252 			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *cp) == 0) {
253 				dr_select[i] = 1;
254 				++ndrives;
255 				break;
256 			}
257 	}
258 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
259 		if (dr_select[i])
260 			continue;
261 		dr_select[i] = 1;
262 		++ndrives;
263 	}
264 
265 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, phdr);
266 
267 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
268 		if (!--hdrcnt) {
269 			phdr(0);
270 			hdrcnt = 20;
271 		}
272 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_TIME].n_value,
273 		    cur.dk_time, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
274 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_XFER].n_value,
275 		    cur.dk_xfer, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
276 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WDS].n_value,
277 		    cur.dk_wds, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
278 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_SEEK].n_value,
279 		    cur.dk_seek, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
280 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NIN].n_value,
281 		    &cur.tk_nin, sizeof(cur.tk_nin));
282 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NOUT].n_value,
283 		    &cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout));
284 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_CP_TIME].n_value,
285 		    cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
286 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
287 			if (!dr_select[i])
288 				continue;
289 #define X(fld)	tmp = cur.fld[i]; cur.fld[i] -= last.fld[i]; last.fld[i] = tmp
290 			X(dk_xfer);
291 			X(dk_seek);
292 			X(dk_wds);
293 			X(dk_time);
294 		}
295 		tmp = cur.tk_nin;
296 		cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
297 		last.tk_nin = tmp;
298 		tmp = cur.tk_nout;
299 		cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
300 		last.tk_nout = tmp;
301 		etime = 0;
302 		for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
303 			X(cp_time);
304 			etime += cur.cp_time[i];
305 		}
306 		if (etime == 0.0)
307 			etime = 1.0;
308 		etime /= (float)hz;
309 		(void)printf("%4.0f%5.0f",
310 		    cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
311 		dkstats();
312 		cpustats();
313 		(void)printf("\n");
314 		(void)fflush(stdout);
315 
316 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
317 			break;
318 		(void)sleep(interval);
319 	}
320 	exit(0);
321 }
322 
323 /* ARGUSED */
324 void
325 phdr(signo)
326 	int signo;
327 {
328 	register int i;
329 
330 	(void)printf("      tty");
331 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
332 		if (dr_select[i])
333 			(void)printf("          %3.3s ", dr_name[i]);
334 	(void)printf("         cpu\n tin tout");
335 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
336 		if (dr_select[i])
337 			(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
338 	(void)printf(" us ni sy id\n");
339 }
340 
341 void
342 dkstats()
343 {
344 	register int dn;
345 	double atime, itime, msps, words, xtime;
346 
347 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
348 		if (!dr_select[dn])
349 			continue;
350 		words = cur.dk_wds[dn] * 32;		/* words xfer'd */
351 		(void)printf("%4.0f",			/* sectors */
352 		    words / (DEV_BSIZE / 2) / etime);
353 
354 		(void)printf("%4.0f", cur.dk_xfer[dn] / etime);
355 
356 		if (dk_wpms[dn] && cur.dk_xfer[dn]) {
357 			atime = cur.dk_time[dn];	/* ticks disk busy */
358 			atime /= (float)hz;		/* ticks to seconds */
359 			xtime = words / dk_wpms[dn];	/* transfer time */
360 			itime = atime - xtime;		/* time not xfer'ing */
361 			if (itime < 0)
362 				msps = 0;
363 			else
364 				msps = itime * 1000 / cur.dk_xfer[dn];
365 		} else
366 			msps = 0;
367 		(void)printf("%5.1f ", msps);
368 	}
369 }
370 
371 void
372 cpustats()
373 {
374 	register int state;
375 	double time;
376 
377 	time = 0;
378 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
379 		time += cur.cp_time[state];
380 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
381 		(void)printf("%3.0f",
382 		    100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1));
383 }
384 
385 void
386 usage()
387 {
388 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
389 "usage: iostat [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
390 	exit(1);
391 }
392