xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision 952d112864d8008aa87278a30a539d888a8493cd)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/26/94";
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/buf.h>
46 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
47 
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <fcntl.h>
51 #include <kvm.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <nlist.h>
54 #include <paths.h>
55 #include <signal.h>
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 
61 struct nlist namelist[] = {
62 #define	X_DK_TIME	0
63 	{ "_dk_time" },
64 #define	X_DK_XFER	1
65 	{ "_dk_xfer" },
66 #define	X_DK_WDS	2
67 	{ "_dk_wds" },
68 #define	X_TK_NIN	3
69 	{ "_tk_nin" },
70 #define	X_TK_NOUT	4
71 	{ "_tk_nout" },
72 #define	X_DK_SEEK	5
73 	{ "_dk_seek" },
74 #define	X_CP_TIME	6
75 	{ "_cp_time" },
76 #define	X_DK_WPMS	7
77 	{ "_dk_wpms" },
78 #define	X_HZ		8
79 	{ "_hz" },
80 #define	X_STATHZ	9
81 	{ "_stathz" },
82 #define	X_DK_NDRIVE	10
83 	{ "_dk_ndrive" },
84 #define	X_END		10
85 #if defined(hp300) || defined(luna68k)
86 #define	X_HPDINIT	(X_END+1)
87 	{ "_hp_dinit" },
88 #endif
89 #if defined(i386)
90 #define X_DK_NAMES	(X_END+1)
91 	{ "_dk_names" },
92 #endif
93 #ifdef mips
94 #define	X_SCSI_DINIT	(X_END+1)
95 	{ "_scsi_dinit" },
96 #endif
97 #ifdef tahoe
98 #define	X_VBDINIT	(X_END+1)
99 	{ "_vbdinit" },
100 #endif
101 #ifdef vax
102 	{ "_mbdinit" },
103 #define X_MBDINIT	(X_END+1)
104 	{ "_ubdinit" },
105 #define X_UBDINIT	(X_END+2)
106 #endif
107 	{ NULL },
108 };
109 
110 struct _disk {
111 	long	cp_time[CPUSTATES];
112 	long	*dk_time;
113 	long	*dk_wds;
114 	long	*dk_seek;
115 	long	*dk_xfer;
116 	long	tk_nin;
117 	long	tk_nout;
118 } cur, last;
119 
120 kvm_t	 *kd;
121 double	  etime;
122 long	 *dk_wpms;
123 int	  dk_ndrive, *dr_select, hz, kmemfd, ndrives;
124 char	**dr_name;
125 
126 #define nlread(x, v) \
127 	kvm_read(kd, namelist[x].n_value, &(v), sizeof(v))
128 
129 #include "names.c"				/* XXX */
130 
131 void cpustats __P((void));
132 void dkstats __P((void));
133 void phdr __P((int));
134 void usage __P((void));
135 
136 int
137 main(argc, argv)
138 	int argc;
139 	char *argv[];
140 {
141 	register int i;
142 	long tmp;
143 	int ch, hdrcnt, reps, interval, stathz, ndrives;
144 	char **cp, *memf, *nlistf, buf[30];
145         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
146 
147 	interval = reps = 0;
148 	nlistf = memf = NULL;
149 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:M:N:w:")) != -1)
150 		switch(ch) {
151 		case 'c':
152 			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
153 				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
154 			break;
155 		case 'M':
156 			memf = optarg;
157 			break;
158 		case 'N':
159 			nlistf = optarg;
160 			break;
161 		case 'w':
162 			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
163 				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
164 			break;
165 		case '?':
166 		default:
167 			usage();
168 		}
169 	argc -= optind;
170 	argv += optind;
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
174 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
175 	 */
176 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
177 		setgid(getgid());
178 
179         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
180 	if (kd == 0)
181 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
182 	if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
183 		errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
184 	if (namelist[X_DK_NDRIVE].n_type == 0)
185 		errx(1, "dk_ndrive not found in namelist");
186 	(void)nlread(X_DK_NDRIVE, dk_ndrive);
187 	if (dk_ndrive < 0)
188 		errx(1, "invalid dk_ndrive %d\n", dk_ndrive);
189 
190 	cur.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
191 	cur.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
192 	cur.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
193 	cur.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
194 	last.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
195 	last.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
196 	last.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
197 	last.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
198 	dr_select = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(int));
199 	dr_name = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(char *));
200 	dk_wpms = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
201 
202 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
203 		(void)sprintf(buf, "dk%d", i);
204 		dr_name[i] = strdup(buf);
205 	}
206 	if (!read_names())
207 		exit(1);
208 	(void)nlread(X_HZ, hz);
209 	(void)nlread(X_STATHZ, stathz);
210 	if (stathz)
211 		hz = stathz;
212 	(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WPMS].n_value, dk_wpms,
213 		dk_ndrive * sizeof(dk_wpms));
214 
215 	/*
216 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
217 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
218 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
219 	 * few that fit.
220 	 *
221 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
222 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
223 	 */
224 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
225 	for (ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
226 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
227 		if (isdigit(**argv))
228 			break;
229 #endif
230 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
231 			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *argv))
232 				continue;
233 			dr_select[i] = 1;
234 			++ndrives;
235 		}
236 	}
237 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
238 	if (*argv) {
239 		interval = atoi(*argv);
240 		if (*++argv)
241 			reps = atoi(*argv);
242 	}
243 #endif
244 
245 	if (interval) {
246 		if (!reps)
247 			reps = -1;
248 	} else
249 		if (reps)
250 			interval = 1;
251 
252 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
253 		if (dr_select[i] || dk_wpms[i] == 0)
254 			continue;
255 		for (cp = defdrives; *cp; cp++)
256 			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *cp) == 0) {
257 				dr_select[i] = 1;
258 				++ndrives;
259 				break;
260 			}
261 	}
262 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
263 		if (dr_select[i])
264 			continue;
265 		dr_select[i] = 1;
266 		++ndrives;
267 	}
268 
269 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, phdr);
270 
271 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
272 		if (!--hdrcnt) {
273 			phdr(0);
274 			hdrcnt = 20;
275 		}
276 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_TIME].n_value,
277 		    cur.dk_time, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
278 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_XFER].n_value,
279 		    cur.dk_xfer, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
280 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WDS].n_value,
281 		    cur.dk_wds, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
282 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_SEEK].n_value,
283 		    cur.dk_seek, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
284 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NIN].n_value,
285 		    &cur.tk_nin, sizeof(cur.tk_nin));
286 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NOUT].n_value,
287 		    &cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout));
288 		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_CP_TIME].n_value,
289 		    cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
290 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
291 			if (!dr_select[i])
292 				continue;
293 #define X(fld)	tmp = cur.fld[i]; cur.fld[i] -= last.fld[i]; last.fld[i] = tmp
294 			X(dk_xfer);
295 			X(dk_seek);
296 			X(dk_wds);
297 			X(dk_time);
298 		}
299 		tmp = cur.tk_nin;
300 		cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
301 		last.tk_nin = tmp;
302 		tmp = cur.tk_nout;
303 		cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
304 		last.tk_nout = tmp;
305 		etime = 0;
306 		for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
307 			X(cp_time);
308 			etime += cur.cp_time[i];
309 		}
310 		if (etime == 0.0)
311 			etime = 1.0;
312 		etime /= (float)hz;
313 		(void)printf("%4.0f%5.0f",
314 		    cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
315 		dkstats();
316 		cpustats();
317 		(void)printf("\n");
318 		(void)fflush(stdout);
319 
320 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
321 			break;
322 		(void)sleep(interval);
323 	}
324 	exit(0);
325 }
326 
327 /* ARGUSED */
328 void
329 phdr(signo)
330 	int signo;
331 {
332 	register int i;
333 
334 	(void)printf("      tty");
335 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
336 		if (dr_select[i])
337 			(void)printf("         %4.4s ", dr_name[i]);
338 	(void)printf("         cpu\n tin tout");
339 	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
340 		if (dr_select[i])
341 			(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
342 	(void)printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
343 }
344 
345 void
346 dkstats()
347 {
348 	register int dn;
349 	double atime, itime, msps, words, xtime;
350 
351 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
352 		if (!dr_select[dn])
353 			continue;
354 		words = (double)cur.dk_wds[dn] * 32;	/* words xfer'd */
355 		(void)printf("%4.0f",			/* sectors */
356 		    words / (DEV_BSIZE / 2) / etime);
357 
358 		(void)printf("%4.0f", cur.dk_xfer[dn] / etime);
359 
360 		if (dk_wpms[dn] && cur.dk_xfer[dn]) {
361 			atime = cur.dk_time[dn];	/* ticks disk busy */
362 			atime /= (float)hz;		/* ticks to seconds */
363 			xtime = words / dk_wpms[dn];	/* transfer time */
364 			itime = atime - xtime;		/* time not xfer'ing */
365 			if (itime < 0)
366 				msps = 0;
367 			else
368 				msps = itime * 1000 / cur.dk_xfer[dn];
369 		} else
370 			msps = 0;
371 		(void)printf("%5.1f ", msps);
372 	}
373 }
374 
375 void
376 cpustats()
377 {
378 	register int state;
379 	double time;
380 
381 	time = 0;
382 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
383 		time += cur.cp_time[state];
384 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
385 		(void)printf("%3.0f",
386 		    100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1));
387 }
388 
389 void
390 usage()
391 {
392 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
393 "usage: iostat [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
394 	exit(1);
395 }
396