xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/fifolog/lib/fifolog.h (revision dd41de95a84d979615a2ef11df6850622bf6184e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Poul-Henning Kamp
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 #ifndef __LOCAL_FIFOLOG_H_
32 #define __LOCAL_FIFOLOG_H_
33 
34 /*
35  * Definitions for fifolog "protocol": the on-media layout.
36  *
37  * The fifolog on-media record has three layers:
38  *   The outer timestamping and synchronization layer.
39  *   The zlib implemented data compression.
40  *   The inner sequencing and identification layer.
41  *
42  * All three layers are synchronized at a subset of the outer layer
43  * record boundaries, from where reading can be initiated.
44  *
45  *
46  * The outer layer:
47  * -----------------
48  * The first record in a fifolog contains a magic string and version
49  * information along with a 32be encoded recordsize for all records
50  * in the fifolog, including the first.
51  * The recordsize is explicit to avoid ambiguities when a media is
52  * moved from one machine to another.
53  *
54  * Each record in the fifolog has the following contents:
55  *	offset	type	contents
56  *      --------------------------------------------------------------
57  *	0	32be	sequence_number
58  *			The sequence number is randomly chosen for the
59  *			fifolog and increments once for each record written.
60  *			It's presence allow quick identification of the next
61  *			record to be written using a binary search for the
62  *			first place where a discontinuity in the sequence
63  *			numbers occur.
64  *	4	 8	flags (FIFOLOG_FLG_*)
65  *
66  * If (flags & (FIFOLOG_FLG_SYNC)) the record is a synchronization point
67  * at which the inner layers are aligned so that reading can be started
68  * at this point.
69  * To enable seeks into the file based on timestamps, a third field is
70  * present in these records as well:
71  *	5	32be	time_t containing POSIX's understanding of UTC.
72  *
73  * These fields are immediately followed by the inner layer payload as
74  * described below, which has variable length.
75  *
76  * If the inner layer payload is shorter than the available space in
77  * the record, it is padded with zero bytes, and the number of unused
78  * bytes, including the encoded length thereof is recorded at the end
79  * of the record as follows:
80  *
81  * If (flags & FIFOLOG_FLG_1BYTE)
82  *	n-1	8	number of unused bytes
83  * else if (flags & FIFOLOG_FLG_4BYTE)
84  *	n-4	32be	number of unused bytes
85  *
86  *
87  * The gzip layer
88  * --------------
89  * Is just output from zlib, nothing special here.  FIFOLOG_FLG_SYNC
90  * corresponds to Z_FINISH flags to zlib.
91  * In most cases, the timer will expire before zlib has filled an entire
92  * record in which case Z_SYNC_FLUSH will be used to force as much as
93  * possible into the buffer before it is written.  This is not marked
94  * in outer layer (apart from a natural correlation with padding) since
95  * zlibs data stream handles this without help.
96  *
97  *
98  * The inner layer:
99  * ----------------
100  * The inner layer contains data identification and to the second
101  * timestamping (the timestamp in the outer layer only marks the
102  * first possible timestamp for content in the SYNC record).
103  *
104  *	offset	type	contents
105  *      --------------------------------------------------------------
106  *	0	32be	ident
107  *
108  * The bottom 30 bits of the identification word are application defined,
109  * presently unused in the stand-alone fifolog tools, but used in the
110  * original "measured" application that originated the fifolog format.
111  * Should for instance syslogd(8) grow native support for fifolog format,
112  * it could store the message priority here.
113  *
114  * If (ident & FIFOLOG_TIMESTAMP) the record is prefixed by:
115  *	4	32be	time_t containing POSIX's understanding of UTC.
116  *
117  * Then follows the content, either as a NUL terminated string or as
118  * a length encoded binary sequence:
119  *
120  * If (ident & FIFOLOG_LENGTH) the record is prefixed by:
121  *	{0|4}	8	length of binary data
122  *
123  */
124 
125 /* Magic identification string */
126 #define FIFOLOG_FMT_MAGIC	"Measured FIFOLOG Ver 1.01\n"
127 
128 /* Offset of the 32be encoded recordsize in the first sector */
129 #define FIFOLOG_OFF_BS		0x20
130 
131 #define FIFOLOG_FLG_1BYTE	0x01
132 #define FIFOLOG_FLG_4BYTE	0x02
133 #define FIFOLOG_FLG_RESTART	0x40
134 #define FIFOLOG_FLG_SYNC	0x80
135 
136 #define FIFOLOG_TIMESTAMP	0x80000000
137 #define FIFOLOG_LENGTH		0x40000000
138 #define FIFOLOG_IDENT		0x3fffffff
139 
140 #endif /* __LOCAL_FIFOLOG_H_ */
141