xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision eb6d21b4ca6d668cf89afd99eef7baeafa712197) 
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include <stdio.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <unistd.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <libutil.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <sys/disk.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 static void
45 usage(void)
46 {
47 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-ctv] disk ...\n");
48 	exit (1);
49 }
50 
51 static int opt_c, opt_t, opt_v;
52 
53 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
54 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
55 
56 int
57 main(int argc, char **argv)
58 {
59 	int i, ch, fd, error;
60 	char buf[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE];
61 	off_t	mediasize;
62 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads;
63 
64 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ctv")) != -1) {
65 		switch (ch) {
66 		case 'c':
67 			opt_c = 1;
68 			opt_v = 1;
69 			break;
70 		case 't':
71 			opt_t = 1;
72 			opt_v = 1;
73 			break;
74 		case 'v':
75 			opt_v = 1;
76 			break;
77 		default:
78 			usage();
79 		}
80 	}
81 	argc -= optind;
82 	argv += optind;
83 
84 	if (argc < 1)
85 		usage();
86 
87 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
88 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
89 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
90 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
91 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
92 		}
93 		if (fd < 0)
94 			err(1, argv[i]);
95 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
96 		if (error)
97 			err(1, "%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
98 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
99 		if (error)
100 			err(1, "%s: DIOCGSECTORSIZE failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
101 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
102 		if (error)
103 			fwsectors = 0;
104 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
105 		if (error)
106 			fwheads = 0;
107 		if (!opt_v) {
108 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
109 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
110 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
111 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
112 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
113 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
114 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
115 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
116 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
117 			}
118 		} else {
119 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
120 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
121 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
122 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
123 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
124 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
125 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
126 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
127 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
128 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
129 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
130 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
131 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
132 			}
133 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
134 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
135 		}
136 		printf("\n");
137 		if (opt_c)
138 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
139 		if (opt_t)
140 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
141 		close(fd);
142 	}
143 	exit (0);
144 }
145 
146 
147 static char sector[65536];
148 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
149 
150 static void
151 rdsect(int fd, u_int blockno, u_int sectorsize)
152 {
153 	int error;
154 
155 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
156 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
157 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
158 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
159 }
160 
161 static void
162 rdmega(int fd)
163 {
164 	int error;
165 
166 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
167 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
168 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
169 }
170 
171 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
172 
173 static void
174 T0(void)
175 {
176 
177 	fflush(stdout);
178 	sync();
179 	sleep(1);
180 	sync();
181 	sync();
182 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
183 }
184 
185 static void
186 TN(int count)
187 {
188 	double dt;
189 
190 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
191 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
192 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
193 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
194 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
195 }
196 
197 static void
198 TR(double count)
199 {
200 	double dt;
201 
202 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
203 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
204 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
205 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
206 		count, dt, count / dt);
207 }
208 
209 static void
210 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
211 {
212 	int i;
213 	uint b0, b1, sectorcount;
214 
215 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
216 
217 	printf("Seek times:\n");
218 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
219 	b0 = 0;
220 	b1 = sectorcount - 1 - 16384;
221 	T0();
222 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
223 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
224 		b0 += 16384;
225 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
226 		b1 -= 16384;
227 	}
228 	TN(250);
229 
230 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
231 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
232 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
233 	T0();
234 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
235 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
236 		b0 += 16384;
237 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
238 		b1 += 16384;
239 	}
240 	TN(250);
241 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
242 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
243 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
244 	T0();
245 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
246 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
247 		b0 += 16384;
248 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
249 		b1 += 16384;
250 	}
251 	TN(500);
252 
253 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
254 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
255 	T0();
256 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
257 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
258 		b0 += 16384;
259 	}
260 	TN(400);
261 
262 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
263 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
264 	T0();
265 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
266 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
267 		b0 -= 16384;
268 	}
269 	TN(400);
270 
271 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
272 	b0 = 0;
273 	T0();
274 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
275 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
276 		b0++;
277 	}
278 	TN(2048);
279 
280 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
281 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048 - 1;
282 	T0();
283 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
284 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
285 		b0++;
286 	}
287 	TN(2048);
288 
289 	printf("Transfer rates:\n");
290 	printf("\toutside:     ");
291 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
292 	T0();
293 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
294 		rdmega(fd);
295 	}
296 	TR(100 * 1024);
297 
298 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
299 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
300 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
301 	T0();
302 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
303 		rdmega(fd);
304 	}
305 	TR(100 * 1024);
306 
307 	printf("\tinside:      ");
308 	b0 = sectorcount - 100 * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;;
309 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
310 	T0();
311 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
312 		rdmega(fd);
313 	}
314 	TR(100 * 1024);
315 
316 	printf("\n");
317 	return;
318 }
319 
320 static void
321 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
322 {
323 	double dtmega, dtsector;
324 	int i;
325 
326 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
327 	i = mediasize;
328 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
329 	T0();
330 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
331 		rdmega(fd);
332 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
333 	dtmega = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
334 	dtmega += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
335 
336 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
337 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
338 
339 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
340 	T0();
341 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
342 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
343 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
344 	dtsector = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
345 	dtsector += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
346 
347 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
348 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
349 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
350 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
351 
352 	printf("\n");
353 	return;
354 }
355