xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision d8a0fe102c0cfdfcd5b818f850eff09d8536c9bc)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
5  * Copyright (c) 2015 Spectra Logic Corporation
6  * Copyright (c) 2017 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
18  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
19  *    permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * $FreeBSD$
34  */
35 
36 #include <stdbool.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <stdint.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <strings.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <libutil.h>
46 #include <paths.h>
47 #include <err.h>
48 #include <geom/geom_disk.h>
49 #include <sysexits.h>
50 #include <sys/aio.h>
51 #include <sys/disk.h>
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/stat.h>
54 #include <sys/time.h>
55 
56 #define	NAIO	128
57 #define	MAXTX	(8*1024*1024)
58 #define	MEGATX	(1024*1024)
59 
60 static void
61 usage(void)
62 {
63 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-cipsStvw] disk ...\n");
64 	exit (1);
65 }
66 
67 static int opt_c, opt_i, opt_p, opt_s, opt_S, opt_t, opt_v, opt_w;
68 
69 static bool candelete(int fd);
70 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
71 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
72 static void iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
73 static void rotationrate(int fd, char *buf, size_t buflen);
74 static void slogbench(int fd, int isreg, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
75 static int zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str,
76 		     size_t zone_str_len);
77 
78 static uint8_t *buf;
79 
80 int
81 main(int argc, char **argv)
82 {
83 	struct stat sb;
84 	int i, ch, fd, error, exitval = 0;
85 	char tstr[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE], physpath[MAXPATHLEN];
86 	char zone_desc[64];
87 	char rrate[64];
88 	struct diocgattr_arg arg;
89 	off_t	mediasize, stripesize, stripeoffset;
90 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads, zoned = 0, isreg;
91 	uint32_t zone_mode;
92 
93 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cipsStvw")) != -1) {
94 		switch (ch) {
95 		case 'c':
96 			opt_c = 1;
97 			opt_v = 1;
98 			break;
99 		case 'i':
100 			opt_i = 1;
101 			opt_v = 1;
102 			break;
103 		case 'p':
104 			opt_p = 1;
105 			break;
106 		case 's':
107 			opt_s = 1;
108 			break;
109 		case 'S':
110 			opt_S = 1;
111 			opt_v = 1;
112 			break;
113 		case 't':
114 			opt_t = 1;
115 			opt_v = 1;
116 			break;
117 		case 'v':
118 			opt_v = 1;
119 			break;
120 		case 'w':
121 			opt_w = 1;
122 			break;
123 		default:
124 			usage();
125 		}
126 	}
127 	argc -= optind;
128 	argv += optind;
129 
130 	if (argc < 1)
131 		usage();
132 
133 	if ((opt_p && opt_s) || ((opt_p || opt_s) && (opt_c || opt_i || opt_t || opt_v))) {
134 		warnx("-p or -s cannot be used with other options");
135 		usage();
136 	}
137 
138 	if (opt_S && !opt_w) {
139 		warnx("-S require also -w");
140 		usage();
141 	}
142 
143 	if (posix_memalign((void **)&buf, PAGE_SIZE, MAXTX))
144 		errx(1, "Can't allocate memory buffer");
145 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
146 		fd = open(argv[i], (opt_w ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY) | O_DIRECT);
147 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
148 			snprintf(tstr, sizeof(tstr), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
149 			fd = open(tstr, O_RDONLY);
150 		}
151 		if (fd < 0) {
152 			warn("%s", argv[i]);
153 			exit(1);
154 		}
155 		error = fstat(fd, &sb);
156 		if (error != 0) {
157 			warn("cannot stat %s", argv[i]);
158 			exitval = 1;
159 			goto out;
160 		}
161 		isreg = S_ISREG(sb.st_mode);
162 		if (isreg) {
163 			mediasize = sb.st_size;
164 			sectorsize = S_BLKSIZE;
165 			fwsectors = 0;
166 			fwheads = 0;
167 			stripesize = sb.st_blksize;
168 			stripeoffset = 0;
169 			if (opt_p || opt_s) {
170 				warnx("-p and -s only operate on physical devices: %s", argv[i]);
171 				goto out;
172 			}
173 		} else {
174 			if (opt_p) {
175 				if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0) {
176 					printf("%s\n", physpath);
177 				} else {
178 					warnx("Failed to determine physpath for: %s", argv[i]);
179 				}
180 				goto out;
181 			}
182 			if (opt_s) {
183 				if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0) {
184 					printf("%s\n", ident);
185 				} else {
186 					warnx("Failed to determine serial number for: %s", argv[i]);
187 				}
188 				goto out;
189 			}
190 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
191 			if (error) {
192 				warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
193 				exitval = 1;
194 				goto out;
195 			}
196 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
197 			if (error) {
198 				warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGSECTORSIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
199 				exitval = 1;
200 				goto out;
201 			}
202 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
203 			if (error)
204 				fwsectors = 0;
205 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
206 			if (error)
207 				fwheads = 0;
208 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPESIZE, &stripesize);
209 			if (error)
210 				stripesize = 0;
211 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPEOFFSET, &stripeoffset);
212 			if (error)
213 				stripeoffset = 0;
214 			error = zonecheck(fd, &zone_mode, zone_desc, sizeof(zone_desc));
215 			if (error == 0)
216 				zoned = 1;
217 		}
218 		if (!opt_v) {
219 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
220 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
221 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
222 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
223 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripesize);
224 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripeoffset);
225 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
226 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
227 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
228 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
229 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
230 			}
231 		} else {
232 			humanize_number(tstr, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
233 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
234 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
235 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
236 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
237 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, tstr);
238 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
239 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
240 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripesize\n", stripesize);
241 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripeoffset\n", stripeoffset);
242 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
243 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
244 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
245 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
246 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
247 			}
248 			strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::descr", sizeof(arg.name));
249 			arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.str);
250 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg) == 0)
251 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk descr.\n", arg.value.str);
252 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
253 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
254 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0)
255 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Physical path\n", physpath);
256 			printf("\t%-12s\t# TRIM/UNMAP support\n",
257 			    candelete(fd) ? "Yes" : "No");
258 			rotationrate(fd, rrate, sizeof(rrate));
259 			printf("\t%-12s\t# Rotation rate in RPM\n", rrate);
260 			if (zoned != 0)
261 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Zone Mode\n", zone_desc);
262 		}
263 		printf("\n");
264 		if (opt_c)
265 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
266 		if (opt_t)
267 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
268 		if (opt_i)
269 			iopsbench(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
270 		if (opt_S)
271 			slogbench(fd, isreg, mediasize, sectorsize);
272 out:
273 		close(fd);
274 	}
275 	free(buf);
276 	exit (exitval);
277 }
278 
279 static bool
280 candelete(int fd)
281 {
282 	struct diocgattr_arg arg;
283 
284 	strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::candelete", sizeof(arg.name));
285 	arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.i);
286 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg) == 0)
287 		return (arg.value.i != 0);
288 	else
289 		return (false);
290 }
291 
292 static void
293 rotationrate(int fd, char *rate, size_t buflen)
294 {
295 	struct diocgattr_arg arg;
296 	int ret;
297 
298 	strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::rotation_rate", sizeof(arg.name));
299 	arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.u16);
300 
301 	ret = ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg);
302 	if (ret < 0 || arg.value.u16 == DISK_RR_UNKNOWN)
303 		snprintf(rate, buflen, "Unknown");
304 	else if (arg.value.u16 == DISK_RR_NON_ROTATING)
305 		snprintf(rate, buflen, "%d", 0);
306 	else if (arg.value.u16 >= DISK_RR_MIN && arg.value.u16 <= DISK_RR_MAX)
307 		snprintf(rate, buflen, "%d", arg.value.u16);
308 	else
309 		snprintf(rate, buflen, "Invalid");
310 }
311 
312 static void
313 rdsect(int fd, off_t blockno, u_int sectorsize)
314 {
315 	int error;
316 
317 	if (lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET) == -1)
318 		err(1, "lseek");
319 	error = read(fd, buf, sectorsize);
320 	if (error == -1)
321 		err(1, "read");
322 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
323 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
324 }
325 
326 static void
327 rdmega(int fd)
328 {
329 	int error;
330 
331 	error = read(fd, buf, MEGATX);
332 	if (error == -1)
333 		err(1, "read");
334 	if (error != MEGATX)
335 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
336 }
337 
338 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
339 
340 static void
341 T0(void)
342 {
343 
344 	fflush(stdout);
345 	sync();
346 	sleep(1);
347 	sync();
348 	sync();
349 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
350 }
351 
352 static double
353 delta_t(void)
354 {
355 	double dt;
356 
357 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
358 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
359 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
360 
361 	return (dt);
362 }
363 
364 static void
365 TN(int count)
366 {
367 	double dt;
368 
369 	dt = delta_t();
370 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
371 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
372 }
373 
374 static void
375 TR(double count)
376 {
377 	double dt;
378 
379 	dt = delta_t();
380 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
381 		count, dt, count / dt);
382 }
383 
384 static void
385 TI(double count)
386 {
387 	double dt;
388 
389 	dt = delta_t();
390 	printf("%8.0f ops in  %10.6f sec = %8.0f IOPS\n",
391 		count, dt, count / dt);
392 }
393 
394 static void
395 TS(u_int size, int count)
396 {
397 	double dt;
398 
399 	dt = delta_t();
400 	printf("%8.1f usec/IO = %8.1f Mbytes/s\n",
401 	    dt * 1000000.0 / count, (double)size * count / dt / (1024 * 1024));
402 }
403 
404 static void
405 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
406 {
407 	int bulk, i;
408 	off_t b0, b1, sectorcount, step;
409 
410 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
411 	if (sectorcount <= 0)
412 		return;		/* Can't test devices with no sectors */
413 
414 	step = 1ULL << (flsll(sectorcount / (4 * 200)) - 1);
415 	if (step > 16384)
416 		step = 16384;
417 	bulk = mediasize / (1024 * 1024);
418 	if (bulk > 100)
419 		bulk = 100;
420 
421 	printf("Seek times:\n");
422 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
423 	b0 = 0;
424 	b1 = sectorcount - step;
425 	T0();
426 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
427 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
428 		b0 += step;
429 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
430 		b1 -= step;
431 	}
432 	TN(250);
433 
434 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
435 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
436 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
437 	T0();
438 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
439 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
440 		b0 += step;
441 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
442 		b1 += step;
443 	}
444 	TN(250);
445 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
446 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
447 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
448 	T0();
449 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
450 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
451 		b0 += step;
452 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
453 		b1 += step;
454 	}
455 	TN(500);
456 
457 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
458 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
459 	T0();
460 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
461 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
462 		b0 += step;
463 	}
464 	TN(400);
465 
466 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
467 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
468 	T0();
469 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
470 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
471 		b0 -= step;
472 	}
473 	TN(400);
474 
475 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
476 	b0 = 0;
477 	T0();
478 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
479 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
480 		b0++;
481 	}
482 	TN(2048);
483 
484 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
485 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048;
486 	T0();
487 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
488 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
489 		b0++;
490 	}
491 	TN(2048);
492 
493 	printf("\nTransfer rates:\n");
494 	printf("\toutside:     ");
495 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
496 	T0();
497 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
498 		rdmega(fd);
499 	}
500 	TR(bulk * 1024);
501 
502 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
503 	b0 = sectorcount / 2 - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) / 2 - 1;
504 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
505 	T0();
506 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
507 		rdmega(fd);
508 	}
509 	TR(bulk * 1024);
510 
511 	printf("\tinside:      ");
512 	b0 = sectorcount - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;
513 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
514 	T0();
515 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
516 		rdmega(fd);
517 	}
518 	TR(bulk * 1024);
519 
520 	printf("\n");
521 	return;
522 }
523 
524 static void
525 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
526 {
527 	double dtmega, dtsector;
528 	int i;
529 
530 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
531 	i = mediasize;
532 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
533 	T0();
534 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
535 		rdmega(fd);
536 	dtmega = delta_t();
537 
538 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
539 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
540 
541 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
542 	T0();
543 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
544 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
545 	dtsector = delta_t();
546 
547 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
548 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
549 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
550 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
551 
552 	printf("\n");
553 	return;
554 }
555 
556 static void
557 iops(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
558 {
559 	struct aiocb aios[NAIO], *aiop;
560 	ssize_t ret;
561 	off_t sectorcount;
562 	int error, i, queued, completed;
563 
564 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
565 
566 	for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
567 		aiop = &(aios[i]);
568 		bzero(aiop, sizeof(*aiop));
569 		aiop->aio_buf = malloc(sectorsize);
570 		if (aiop->aio_buf == NULL)
571 			err(1, "malloc");
572 	}
573 
574 	T0();
575 	for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
576 		aiop = &(aios[i]);
577 
578 		aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
579 		aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
580 		aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
581 
582 		error = aio_read(aiop);
583 		if (error != 0)
584 			err(1, "aio_read");
585 	}
586 
587 	queued = i;
588 	completed = 0;
589 
590 	for (;;) {
591 		ret = aio_waitcomplete(&aiop, NULL);
592 		if (ret < 0)
593 			err(1, "aio_waitcomplete");
594 		if (ret != (ssize_t)sectorsize)
595 			errx(1, "short read");
596 
597 		completed++;
598 
599 		if (delta_t() < 3.0) {
600 			aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
601 			aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
602 			aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
603 
604 			error = aio_read(aiop);
605 			if (error != 0)
606 				err(1, "aio_read");
607 
608 			queued++;
609 		} else if (completed == queued) {
610 			break;
611 		}
612 	}
613 
614 	TI(completed);
615 
616 	return;
617 }
618 
619 static void
620 iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
621 {
622 	printf("Asynchronous random reads:\n");
623 
624 	printf("\tsectorsize:  ");
625 	iops(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
626 
627 	if (sectorsize != 4096) {
628 		printf("\t4 kbytes:    ");
629 		iops(fd, mediasize, 4096);
630 	}
631 
632 	printf("\t32 kbytes:   ");
633 	iops(fd, mediasize, 32 * 1024);
634 
635 	printf("\t128 kbytes:  ");
636 	iops(fd, mediasize, 128 * 1024);
637 
638 	printf("\n");
639 }
640 
641 #define MAXIO (128*1024)
642 #define MAXIOS (MAXTX / MAXIO)
643 
644 static void
645 parwrite(int fd, size_t size, off_t off)
646 {
647 	struct aiocb aios[MAXIOS];
648 	off_t o;
649 	int n, error;
650 	struct aiocb *aiop;
651 
652 	// if size > MAXIO, use AIO to write n - 1 pieces in parallel
653 	for (n = 0, o = 0; size > MAXIO; n++, size -= MAXIO, o += MAXIO) {
654 		aiop = &aios[n];
655 		bzero(aiop, sizeof(*aiop));
656 		aiop->aio_buf = &buf[o];
657 		aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
658 		aiop->aio_offset = off + o;
659 		aiop->aio_nbytes = MAXIO;
660 		error = aio_write(aiop);
661 		if (error != 0)
662 			err(EX_IOERR, "AIO write submit error");
663 	}
664 	// Use synchronous writes for the runt of size <= MAXIO
665 	error = pwrite(fd, &buf[o], size, off + o);
666 	if (error < 0)
667 		err(EX_IOERR, "Sync write error");
668 	for (; n > 0; n--) {
669 		error = aio_waitcomplete(&aiop, NULL);
670 		if (error < 0)
671 			err(EX_IOERR, "AIO write wait error");
672 	}
673 }
674 
675 static void
676 slogbench(int fd, int isreg, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
677 {
678 	off_t off;
679 	u_int size;
680 	int error, n, N, nowritecache = 0;
681 
682 	printf("Synchronous random writes:\n");
683 	for (size = sectorsize; size <= MAXTX; size *= 2) {
684 		printf("\t%4.4g kbytes: ", (double)size / 1024);
685 		N = 0;
686 		T0();
687 		do {
688 			for (n = 0; n < 250; n++) {
689 				off = random() % (mediasize / size);
690 				parwrite(fd, size, off * size);
691 				if (nowritecache)
692 					continue;
693 				if (isreg)
694 					error = fsync(fd);
695 				else
696 					error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFLUSH);
697 				if (error < 0) {
698 					if (errno == ENOTSUP)
699 						nowritecache = 1;
700 					else
701 						err(EX_IOERR, "Flush error");
702 				}
703 			}
704 			N += 250;
705 		} while (delta_t() < 1.0);
706 		TS(size, N);
707 	}
708 }
709 
710 static int
711 zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str, size_t zone_str_len)
712 {
713 	struct disk_zone_args zone_args;
714 	int error;
715 
716 	bzero(&zone_args, sizeof(zone_args));
717 
718 	zone_args.zone_cmd = DISK_ZONE_GET_PARAMS;
719 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCZONECMD, &zone_args);
720 
721 	if (error == 0) {
722 		*zone_mode = zone_args.zone_params.disk_params.zone_mode;
723 
724 		switch (*zone_mode) {
725 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_NONE:
726 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Not_Zoned");
727 			break;
728 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_AWARE:
729 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Aware");
730 			break;
731 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_DRIVE_MANAGED:
732 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Drive_Managed");
733 			break;
734 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_MANAGED:
735 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Managed");
736 			break;
737 		default:
738 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Unknown_zone_mode_%u",
739 			    *zone_mode);
740 			break;
741 		}
742 	}
743 	return (error);
744 }
745