xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision 884a2a699669ec61e2366e3e358342dbc94be24a)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include <stdio.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <unistd.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <libutil.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <sys/disk.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 static void
45 usage(void)
46 {
47 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-ctv] disk ...\n");
48 	exit (1);
49 }
50 
51 static int opt_c, opt_t, opt_v;
52 
53 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
54 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
55 
56 int
57 main(int argc, char **argv)
58 {
59 	int i, ch, fd, error, exitval = 0;
60 	char buf[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE];
61 	off_t	mediasize, stripesize, stripeoffset;
62 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads;
63 
64 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ctv")) != -1) {
65 		switch (ch) {
66 		case 'c':
67 			opt_c = 1;
68 			opt_v = 1;
69 			break;
70 		case 't':
71 			opt_t = 1;
72 			opt_v = 1;
73 			break;
74 		case 'v':
75 			opt_v = 1;
76 			break;
77 		default:
78 			usage();
79 		}
80 	}
81 	argc -= optind;
82 	argv += optind;
83 
84 	if (argc < 1)
85 		usage();
86 
87 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
88 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
89 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
90 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
91 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
92 		}
93 		if (fd < 0) {
94 			warn("%s", argv[i]);
95 			exitval = 1;
96 			goto out;
97 		}
98 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
99 		if (error) {
100 			warn("%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
101 			exitval = 1;
102 			goto out;
103 		}
104 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
105 		if (error) {
106 			warn("%s: DIOCGSECTORSIZE failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
107 			exitval = 1;
108 			goto out;
109 		}
110 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
111 		if (error)
112 			fwsectors = 0;
113 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
114 		if (error)
115 			fwheads = 0;
116 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPESIZE, &stripesize);
117 		if (error)
118 			stripesize = 0;
119 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPEOFFSET, &stripeoffset);
120 		if (error)
121 			stripeoffset = 0;
122 		if (!opt_v) {
123 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
124 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
125 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
126 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
127 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripesize);
128 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripeoffset);
129 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
130 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
131 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
132 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
133 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
134 			}
135 		} else {
136 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
137 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
138 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
139 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
140 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
141 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
142 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
143 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
144 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripesize\n", stripesize);
145 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripeoffset\n", stripeoffset);
146 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
147 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
148 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
149 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
150 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
151 			}
152 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
153 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
154 		}
155 		printf("\n");
156 		if (opt_c)
157 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
158 		if (opt_t)
159 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
160 out:
161 		close(fd);
162 	}
163 	exit (exitval);
164 }
165 
166 
167 static char sector[65536];
168 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
169 
170 static void
171 rdsect(int fd, u_int blockno, u_int sectorsize)
172 {
173 	int error;
174 
175 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
176 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
177 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
178 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
179 }
180 
181 static void
182 rdmega(int fd)
183 {
184 	int error;
185 
186 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
187 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
188 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
189 }
190 
191 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
192 
193 static void
194 T0(void)
195 {
196 
197 	fflush(stdout);
198 	sync();
199 	sleep(1);
200 	sync();
201 	sync();
202 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
203 }
204 
205 static void
206 TN(int count)
207 {
208 	double dt;
209 
210 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
211 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
212 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
213 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
214 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
215 }
216 
217 static void
218 TR(double count)
219 {
220 	double dt;
221 
222 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
223 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
224 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
225 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
226 		count, dt, count / dt);
227 }
228 
229 static void
230 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
231 {
232 	int i;
233 	uint b0, b1, sectorcount;
234 
235 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
236 
237 	printf("Seek times:\n");
238 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
239 	b0 = 0;
240 	b1 = sectorcount - 1 - 16384;
241 	T0();
242 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
243 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
244 		b0 += 16384;
245 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
246 		b1 -= 16384;
247 	}
248 	TN(250);
249 
250 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
251 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
252 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
253 	T0();
254 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
255 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
256 		b0 += 16384;
257 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
258 		b1 += 16384;
259 	}
260 	TN(250);
261 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
262 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
263 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
264 	T0();
265 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
266 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
267 		b0 += 16384;
268 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
269 		b1 += 16384;
270 	}
271 	TN(500);
272 
273 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
274 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
275 	T0();
276 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
277 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
278 		b0 += 16384;
279 	}
280 	TN(400);
281 
282 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
283 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
284 	T0();
285 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
286 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
287 		b0 -= 16384;
288 	}
289 	TN(400);
290 
291 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
292 	b0 = 0;
293 	T0();
294 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
295 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
296 		b0++;
297 	}
298 	TN(2048);
299 
300 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
301 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048 - 1;
302 	T0();
303 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
304 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
305 		b0++;
306 	}
307 	TN(2048);
308 
309 	printf("Transfer rates:\n");
310 	printf("\toutside:     ");
311 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
312 	T0();
313 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
314 		rdmega(fd);
315 	}
316 	TR(100 * 1024);
317 
318 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
319 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
320 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
321 	T0();
322 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
323 		rdmega(fd);
324 	}
325 	TR(100 * 1024);
326 
327 	printf("\tinside:      ");
328 	b0 = sectorcount - 100 * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;;
329 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
330 	T0();
331 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
332 		rdmega(fd);
333 	}
334 	TR(100 * 1024);
335 
336 	printf("\n");
337 	return;
338 }
339 
340 static void
341 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
342 {
343 	double dtmega, dtsector;
344 	int i;
345 
346 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
347 	i = mediasize;
348 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
349 	T0();
350 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
351 		rdmega(fd);
352 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
353 	dtmega = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
354 	dtmega += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
355 
356 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
357 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
358 
359 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
360 	T0();
361 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
362 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
363 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
364 	dtsector = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
365 	dtsector += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
366 
367 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
368 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
369 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
370 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
371 
372 	printf("\n");
373 	return;
374 }
375