xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision 69718b786d3943ea9a99eeeb5f5f6162f11c78b7)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * Copyright (c) 2015 Spectra Logic Corporation
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
15  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
16  *    permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32 
33 #include <stdio.h>
34 #include <stdint.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <strings.h>
37 #include <unistd.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <libutil.h>
41 #include <paths.h>
42 #include <err.h>
43 #include <sys/aio.h>
44 #include <sys/disk.h>
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/stat.h>
47 #include <sys/time.h>
48 
49 #define	NAIO	128
50 
51 static void
52 usage(void)
53 {
54 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-citv] disk ...\n");
55 	exit (1);
56 }
57 
58 static int opt_c, opt_i, opt_t, opt_v;
59 
60 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
61 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
62 static void iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
63 static int zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str,
64 		     size_t zone_str_len);
65 
66 int
67 main(int argc, char **argv)
68 {
69 	struct stat sb;
70 	int i, ch, fd, error, exitval = 0;
71 	char buf[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE], physpath[MAXPATHLEN];
72 	char zone_desc[64];
73 	off_t	mediasize, stripesize, stripeoffset;
74 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads, zoned = 0;
75 	uint32_t zone_mode;
76 
77 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "citv")) != -1) {
78 		switch (ch) {
79 		case 'c':
80 			opt_c = 1;
81 			opt_v = 1;
82 			break;
83 		case 'i':
84 			opt_i = 1;
85 			opt_v = 1;
86 			break;
87 		case 't':
88 			opt_t = 1;
89 			opt_v = 1;
90 			break;
91 		case 'v':
92 			opt_v = 1;
93 			break;
94 		default:
95 			usage();
96 		}
97 	}
98 	argc -= optind;
99 	argv += optind;
100 
101 	if (argc < 1)
102 		usage();
103 
104 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
105 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY | O_DIRECT);
106 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
107 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
108 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
109 		}
110 		if (fd < 0) {
111 			warn("%s", argv[i]);
112 			exitval = 1;
113 			goto out;
114 		}
115 		error = fstat(fd, &sb);
116 		if (error != 0) {
117 			warn("cannot stat %s", argv[i]);
118 			exitval = 1;
119 			goto out;
120 		}
121 		if (S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
122 			mediasize = sb.st_size;
123 			sectorsize = S_BLKSIZE;
124 			fwsectors = 0;
125 			fwheads = 0;
126 			stripesize = sb.st_blksize;
127 			stripeoffset = 0;
128 		} else {
129 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
130 			if (error) {
131 				warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
132 				exitval = 1;
133 				goto out;
134 			}
135 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
136 			if (error) {
137 				warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGSECTORSIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
138 				exitval = 1;
139 				goto out;
140 			}
141 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
142 			if (error)
143 				fwsectors = 0;
144 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
145 			if (error)
146 				fwheads = 0;
147 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPESIZE, &stripesize);
148 			if (error)
149 				stripesize = 0;
150 			error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPEOFFSET, &stripeoffset);
151 			if (error)
152 				stripeoffset = 0;
153 			error = zonecheck(fd, &zone_mode, zone_desc, sizeof(zone_desc));
154 			if (error == 0)
155 				zoned = 1;
156 		}
157 		if (!opt_v) {
158 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
159 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
160 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
161 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
162 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripesize);
163 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripeoffset);
164 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
165 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
166 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
167 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
168 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
169 			}
170 		} else {
171 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
172 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
173 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
174 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
175 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
176 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
177 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
178 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
179 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripesize\n", stripesize);
180 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripeoffset\n", stripeoffset);
181 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
182 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
183 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
184 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
185 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
186 			}
187 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
188 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
189 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0)
190 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Physical path\n", physpath);
191 			if (zoned != 0)
192 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Zone Mode\n", zone_desc);
193 		}
194 		printf("\n");
195 		if (opt_c)
196 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
197 		if (opt_t)
198 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
199 		if (opt_i)
200 			iopsbench(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
201 out:
202 		close(fd);
203 	}
204 	exit (exitval);
205 }
206 
207 
208 static char sector[65536];
209 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
210 
211 static void
212 rdsect(int fd, off_t blockno, u_int sectorsize)
213 {
214 	int error;
215 
216 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
217 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
218 	if (error == -1)
219 		err(1, "read");
220 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
221 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
222 }
223 
224 static void
225 rdmega(int fd)
226 {
227 	int error;
228 
229 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
230 	if (error == -1)
231 		err(1, "read");
232 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
233 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
234 }
235 
236 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
237 
238 static void
239 T0(void)
240 {
241 
242 	fflush(stdout);
243 	sync();
244 	sleep(1);
245 	sync();
246 	sync();
247 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
248 }
249 
250 static double
251 delta_t(void)
252 {
253 	double dt;
254 
255 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
256 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
257 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
258 
259 	return (dt);
260 }
261 
262 static void
263 TN(int count)
264 {
265 	double dt;
266 
267 	dt = delta_t();
268 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
269 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
270 }
271 
272 static void
273 TR(double count)
274 {
275 	double dt;
276 
277 	dt = delta_t();
278 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
279 		count, dt, count / dt);
280 }
281 
282 static void
283 TI(double count)
284 {
285 	double dt;
286 
287 	dt = delta_t();
288 	printf("%8.0f ops in  %10.6f sec = %8.0f IOPS\n",
289 		count, dt, count / dt);
290 }
291 
292 static void
293 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
294 {
295 	int bulk, i;
296 	off_t b0, b1, sectorcount, step;
297 
298 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
299 	step = 1ULL << (flsll(sectorcount / (4 * 200)) - 1);
300 	if (step > 16384)
301 		step = 16384;
302 	bulk = mediasize / (1024 * 1024);
303 	if (bulk > 100)
304 		bulk = 100;
305 
306 	printf("Seek times:\n");
307 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
308 	b0 = 0;
309 	b1 = sectorcount - step;
310 	T0();
311 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
312 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
313 		b0 += step;
314 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
315 		b1 -= step;
316 	}
317 	TN(250);
318 
319 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
320 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
321 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
322 	T0();
323 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
324 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
325 		b0 += step;
326 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
327 		b1 += step;
328 	}
329 	TN(250);
330 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
331 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
332 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
333 	T0();
334 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
335 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
336 		b0 += step;
337 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
338 		b1 += step;
339 	}
340 	TN(500);
341 
342 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
343 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
344 	T0();
345 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
346 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
347 		b0 += step;
348 	}
349 	TN(400);
350 
351 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
352 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
353 	T0();
354 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
355 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
356 		b0 -= step;
357 	}
358 	TN(400);
359 
360 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
361 	b0 = 0;
362 	T0();
363 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
364 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
365 		b0++;
366 	}
367 	TN(2048);
368 
369 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
370 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048;
371 	T0();
372 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
373 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
374 		b0++;
375 	}
376 	TN(2048);
377 
378 	printf("\nTransfer rates:\n");
379 	printf("\toutside:     ");
380 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
381 	T0();
382 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
383 		rdmega(fd);
384 	}
385 	TR(bulk * 1024);
386 
387 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
388 	b0 = sectorcount / 2 - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) / 2 - 1;
389 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
390 	T0();
391 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
392 		rdmega(fd);
393 	}
394 	TR(bulk * 1024);
395 
396 	printf("\tinside:      ");
397 	b0 = sectorcount - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;
398 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
399 	T0();
400 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
401 		rdmega(fd);
402 	}
403 	TR(bulk * 1024);
404 
405 	printf("\n");
406 	return;
407 }
408 
409 static void
410 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
411 {
412 	double dtmega, dtsector;
413 	int i;
414 
415 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
416 	i = mediasize;
417 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
418 	T0();
419 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
420 		rdmega(fd);
421 	dtmega = delta_t();
422 
423 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
424 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
425 
426 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
427 	T0();
428 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
429 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
430 	dtsector = delta_t();
431 
432 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
433 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
434 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
435 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
436 
437 	printf("\n");
438 	return;
439 }
440 
441 static void
442 iops(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
443 {
444 	struct aiocb aios[NAIO], *aiop;
445 	ssize_t ret;
446 	off_t sectorcount;
447 	int error, i, queued, completed;
448 
449 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
450 
451 	for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
452 		aiop = &(aios[i]);
453 		bzero(aiop, sizeof(*aiop));
454 		aiop->aio_buf = malloc(sectorsize);
455 		if (aiop->aio_buf == NULL)
456 			err(1, "malloc");
457 	}
458 
459 	T0();
460 	for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
461 		aiop = &(aios[i]);
462 
463 		aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
464 		aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
465 		aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
466 
467 		error = aio_read(aiop);
468 		if (error != 0)
469 			err(1, "aio_read");
470 	}
471 
472 	queued = i;
473 	completed = 0;
474 
475 	for (;;) {
476 		ret = aio_waitcomplete(&aiop, NULL);
477 		if (ret < 0)
478 			err(1, "aio_waitcomplete");
479 		if (ret != (ssize_t)sectorsize)
480 			errx(1, "short read");
481 
482 		completed++;
483 
484 		if (delta_t() < 3.0) {
485 			aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
486 			aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
487 			aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
488 
489 			error = aio_read(aiop);
490 			if (error != 0)
491 				err(1, "aio_read");
492 
493 			queued++;
494 		} else if (completed == queued) {
495 			break;
496 		}
497 	}
498 
499 	TI(completed);
500 
501 	return;
502 }
503 
504 static void
505 iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
506 {
507 	printf("Asynchronous random reads:\n");
508 
509 	printf("\tsectorsize:  ");
510 	iops(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
511 
512 	if (sectorsize != 4096) {
513 		printf("\t4 kbytes:    ");
514 		iops(fd, mediasize, 4096);
515 	}
516 
517 	printf("\t32 kbytes:   ");
518 	iops(fd, mediasize, 32 * 1024);
519 
520 	printf("\t128 kbytes:  ");
521 	iops(fd, mediasize, 128 * 1024);
522 
523 	printf("\n");
524 }
525 
526 static int
527 zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str, size_t zone_str_len)
528 {
529 	struct disk_zone_args zone_args;
530 	int error;
531 
532 	bzero(&zone_args, sizeof(zone_args));
533 
534 	zone_args.zone_cmd = DISK_ZONE_GET_PARAMS;
535 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCZONECMD, &zone_args);
536 
537 	if (error == 0) {
538 		*zone_mode = zone_args.zone_params.disk_params.zone_mode;
539 
540 		switch (*zone_mode) {
541 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_NONE:
542 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Not_Zoned");
543 			break;
544 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_AWARE:
545 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Aware");
546 			break;
547 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_DRIVE_MANAGED:
548 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Drive_Managed");
549 			break;
550 		case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_MANAGED:
551 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Managed");
552 			break;
553 		default:
554 			snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Unknown_zone_mode_%u",
555 			    *zone_mode);
556 			break;
557 		}
558 	}
559 	return (error);
560 }
561