xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision 4f29da19bd44f0e99f021510460a81bf754c21d2)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include <stdio.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <unistd.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <libutil.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <sys/disk.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 static void
45 usage(void)
46 {
47 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-ctv] disk ...\n");
48 	exit (1);
49 }
50 
51 static int opt_c, opt_t, opt_v;
52 
53 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
54 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
55 
56 int
57 main(int argc, char **argv)
58 {
59 	int i, ch, fd, error;
60 	char buf[BUFSIZ];
61 	off_t	mediasize;
62 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads;
63 
64 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ctv")) != -1) {
65 		switch (ch) {
66 		case 'c':
67 			opt_c = 1;
68 			opt_v = 1;
69 			break;
70 		case 't':
71 			opt_t = 1;
72 			opt_v = 1;
73 			break;
74 		case 'v':
75 			opt_v = 1;
76 			break;
77 		default:
78 			usage();
79 		}
80 	}
81 	argc -= optind;
82 	argv += optind;
83 
84 	if (argc < 1)
85 		usage();
86 
87 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
88 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
89 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
90 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
91 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
92 		}
93 		if (fd < 0)
94 			err(1, argv[i]);
95 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
96 		if (error)
97 			err(1, "%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
98 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
99 		if (error)
100 			err(1, "%s: DIOCGSECTORSIZE failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
101 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
102 		if (error)
103 			fwsectors = 0;
104 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
105 		if (error)
106 			fwheads = 0;
107 		if (!opt_v) {
108 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
109 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
110 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
111 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
112 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
113 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
114 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
115 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
116 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
117 			}
118 		} else {
119 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
120 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
121 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
122 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
123 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
124 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
125 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
126 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
127 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
128 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
129 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
130 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
131 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
132 			}
133 		}
134 		printf("\n");
135 		if (opt_c)
136 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
137 		if (opt_t)
138 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
139 		close(fd);
140 	}
141 	exit (0);
142 }
143 
144 
145 static char sector[65536];
146 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
147 
148 static void
149 rdsect(int fd, u_int blockno, u_int sectorsize)
150 {
151 	int error;
152 
153 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
154 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
155 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
156 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
157 }
158 
159 static void
160 rdmega(int fd)
161 {
162 	int error;
163 
164 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
165 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
166 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
167 }
168 
169 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
170 
171 static void
172 T0(void)
173 {
174 
175 	fflush(stdout);
176 	sync();
177 	sleep(1);
178 	sync();
179 	sync();
180 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
181 }
182 
183 static void
184 TN(int count)
185 {
186 	double dt;
187 
188 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
189 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
190 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
191 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
192 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
193 }
194 
195 static void
196 TR(double count)
197 {
198 	double dt;
199 
200 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
201 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
202 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
203 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
204 		count, dt, count / dt);
205 }
206 
207 static void
208 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
209 {
210 	int i;
211 	uint b0, b1, sectorcount;
212 
213 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
214 
215 	printf("Seek times:\n");
216 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
217 	b0 = 0;
218 	b1 = sectorcount - 1 - 16384;
219 	T0();
220 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
221 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
222 		b0 += 16384;
223 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
224 		b1 -= 16384;
225 	}
226 	TN(250);
227 
228 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
229 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
230 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
231 	T0();
232 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
233 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
234 		b0 += 16384;
235 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
236 		b1 += 16384;
237 	}
238 	TN(250);
239 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
240 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
241 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
242 	T0();
243 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
244 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
245 		b0 += 16384;
246 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
247 		b1 += 16384;
248 	}
249 	TN(500);
250 
251 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
252 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
253 	T0();
254 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
255 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
256 		b0 += 16384;
257 	}
258 	TN(400);
259 
260 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
261 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
262 	T0();
263 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
264 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
265 		b0 -= 16384;
266 	}
267 	TN(400);
268 
269 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
270 	b0 = 0;
271 	T0();
272 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
273 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
274 		b0++;
275 	}
276 	TN(2048);
277 
278 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
279 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048 - 1;
280 	T0();
281 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
282 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
283 		b0++;
284 	}
285 	TN(2048);
286 
287 	printf("Transfer rates:\n");
288 	printf("\toutside:     ");
289 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
290 	T0();
291 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
292 		rdmega(fd);
293 	}
294 	TR(100 * 1024);
295 
296 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
297 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
298 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
299 	T0();
300 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
301 		rdmega(fd);
302 	}
303 	TR(100 * 1024);
304 
305 	printf("\tinside:      ");
306 	b0 = sectorcount - 100 * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;;
307 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
308 	T0();
309 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
310 		rdmega(fd);
311 	}
312 	TR(100 * 1024);
313 
314 	printf("\n");
315 	return;
316 }
317 
318 static void
319 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
320 {
321 	double dtmega, dtsector;
322 	int i;
323 
324 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
325 	i = mediasize;
326 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
327 	T0();
328 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
329 		rdmega(fd);
330 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
331 	dtmega = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
332 	dtmega += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
333 
334 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
335 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
336 
337 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
338 	T0();
339 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
340 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
341 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
342 	dtsector = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
343 	dtsector += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
344 
345 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
346 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
347 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
348 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
349 
350 	printf("\n");
351 	return;
352 }
353