xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision 48c5129f93c5eb5419c87b08e4677d51513f1dc0)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include <stdio.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <strings.h>
36 #include <unistd.h>
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #include <libutil.h>
40 #include <paths.h>
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <sys/disk.h>
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 
46 static void
47 usage(void)
48 {
49 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-ctv] disk ...\n");
50 	exit (1);
51 }
52 
53 static int opt_c, opt_t, opt_v;
54 
55 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
56 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
57 
58 int
59 main(int argc, char **argv)
60 {
61 	int i, ch, fd, error, exitval = 0;
62 	char buf[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE], physpath[MAXPATHLEN];
63 	off_t	mediasize, stripesize, stripeoffset;
64 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads;
65 
66 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ctv")) != -1) {
67 		switch (ch) {
68 		case 'c':
69 			opt_c = 1;
70 			opt_v = 1;
71 			break;
72 		case 't':
73 			opt_t = 1;
74 			opt_v = 1;
75 			break;
76 		case 'v':
77 			opt_v = 1;
78 			break;
79 		default:
80 			usage();
81 		}
82 	}
83 	argc -= optind;
84 	argv += optind;
85 
86 	if (argc < 1)
87 		usage();
88 
89 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
90 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
91 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
92 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
93 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
94 		}
95 		if (fd < 0) {
96 			warn("%s", argv[i]);
97 			exitval = 1;
98 			goto out;
99 		}
100 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
101 		if (error) {
102 			warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
103 			exitval = 1;
104 			goto out;
105 		}
106 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
107 		if (error) {
108 			warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGSECTORSIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
109 			exitval = 1;
110 			goto out;
111 		}
112 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
113 		if (error)
114 			fwsectors = 0;
115 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
116 		if (error)
117 			fwheads = 0;
118 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPESIZE, &stripesize);
119 		if (error)
120 			stripesize = 0;
121 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPEOFFSET, &stripeoffset);
122 		if (error)
123 			stripeoffset = 0;
124 		if (!opt_v) {
125 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
126 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
127 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
128 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
129 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripesize);
130 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripeoffset);
131 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
132 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
133 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
134 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
135 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
136 			}
137 		} else {
138 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
139 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
140 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
141 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
142 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
143 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
144 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
145 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
146 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripesize\n", stripesize);
147 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripeoffset\n", stripeoffset);
148 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
149 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
150 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
151 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
152 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
153 			}
154 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
155 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
156 			if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0)
157 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Physical path\n", physpath);
158 		}
159 		printf("\n");
160 		if (opt_c)
161 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
162 		if (opt_t)
163 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
164 out:
165 		close(fd);
166 	}
167 	exit (exitval);
168 }
169 
170 
171 static char sector[65536];
172 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
173 
174 static void
175 rdsect(int fd, off_t blockno, u_int sectorsize)
176 {
177 	int error;
178 
179 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
180 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
181 	if (error == -1)
182 		err(1, "read");
183 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
184 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
185 }
186 
187 static void
188 rdmega(int fd)
189 {
190 	int error;
191 
192 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
193 	if (error == -1)
194 		err(1, "read");
195 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
196 		errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
197 }
198 
199 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
200 
201 static void
202 T0(void)
203 {
204 
205 	fflush(stdout);
206 	sync();
207 	sleep(1);
208 	sync();
209 	sync();
210 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
211 }
212 
213 static void
214 TN(int count)
215 {
216 	double dt;
217 
218 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
219 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
220 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
221 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
222 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
223 }
224 
225 static void
226 TR(double count)
227 {
228 	double dt;
229 
230 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
231 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
232 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
233 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
234 		count, dt, count / dt);
235 }
236 
237 static void
238 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
239 {
240 	int bulk, i;
241 	off_t b0, b1, sectorcount, step;
242 
243 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
244 	step = 1ULL << (flsll(sectorcount / (4 * 200)) - 1);
245 	if (step > 16384)
246 		step = 16384;
247 	bulk = mediasize / (1024 * 1024);
248 	if (bulk > 100)
249 		bulk = 100;
250 
251 	printf("Seek times:\n");
252 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
253 	b0 = 0;
254 	b1 = sectorcount - step;
255 	T0();
256 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
257 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
258 		b0 += step;
259 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
260 		b1 -= step;
261 	}
262 	TN(250);
263 
264 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
265 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
266 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
267 	T0();
268 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
269 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
270 		b0 += step;
271 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
272 		b1 += step;
273 	}
274 	TN(250);
275 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
276 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
277 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
278 	T0();
279 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
280 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
281 		b0 += step;
282 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
283 		b1 += step;
284 	}
285 	TN(500);
286 
287 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
288 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
289 	T0();
290 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
291 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
292 		b0 += step;
293 	}
294 	TN(400);
295 
296 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
297 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
298 	T0();
299 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
300 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
301 		b0 -= step;
302 	}
303 	TN(400);
304 
305 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
306 	b0 = 0;
307 	T0();
308 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
309 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
310 		b0++;
311 	}
312 	TN(2048);
313 
314 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
315 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048;
316 	T0();
317 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
318 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
319 		b0++;
320 	}
321 	TN(2048);
322 
323 	printf("Transfer rates:\n");
324 	printf("\toutside:     ");
325 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
326 	T0();
327 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
328 		rdmega(fd);
329 	}
330 	TR(bulk * 1024);
331 
332 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
333 	b0 = sectorcount / 2 - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) / 2 - 1;
334 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
335 	T0();
336 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
337 		rdmega(fd);
338 	}
339 	TR(bulk * 1024);
340 
341 	printf("\tinside:      ");
342 	b0 = sectorcount - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;
343 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
344 	T0();
345 	for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
346 		rdmega(fd);
347 	}
348 	TR(bulk * 1024);
349 
350 	printf("\n");
351 	return;
352 }
353 
354 static void
355 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
356 {
357 	double dtmega, dtsector;
358 	int i;
359 
360 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
361 	i = mediasize;
362 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
363 	T0();
364 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
365 		rdmega(fd);
366 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
367 	dtmega = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
368 	dtmega += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
369 
370 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
371 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
372 
373 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
374 	T0();
375 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
376 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
377 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
378 	dtsector = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
379 	dtsector += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
380 
381 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
382 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
383 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
384 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
385 
386 	printf("\n");
387 	return;
388 }
389