xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/diskinfo/diskinfo.c (revision 39beb93c3f8bdbf72a61fda42300b5ebed7390c8) 
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include <stdio.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <unistd.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <libutil.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <sys/disk.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 static void
45 usage(void)
46 {
47 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-ctv] disk ...\n");
48 	exit (1);
49 }
50 
51 static int opt_c, opt_t, opt_v;
52 
53 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
54 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
55 
56 int
57 main(int argc, char **argv)
58 {
59 	int i, ch, fd, error;
60 	char buf[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE];
61 	off_t	mediasize;
62 	u_int	sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads;
63 
64 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ctv")) != -1) {
65 		switch (ch) {
66 		case 'c':
67 			opt_c = 1;
68 			opt_v = 1;
69 			break;
70 		case 't':
71 			opt_t = 1;
72 			opt_v = 1;
73 			break;
74 		case 'v':
75 			opt_v = 1;
76 			break;
77 		default:
78 			usage();
79 		}
80 	}
81 	argc -= optind;
82 	argv += optind;
83 
84 	if (argc < 1)
85 		usage();
86 
87 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
88 		fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
89 		if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
90 			sprintf(buf, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
91 			fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
92 		}
93 		if (fd < 0)
94 			err(1, argv[i]);
95 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
96 		if (error)
97 			err(1, "%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
98 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize);
99 		if (error)
100 			err(1, "%s: DIOCGSECTORSIZE failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
101 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
102 		if (error)
103 			fwsectors = 0;
104 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
105 		if (error)
106 			fwheads = 0;
107 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident);
108 		if (error)
109 			ident[0] = '\0';
110 		if (!opt_v) {
111 			printf("%s", argv[i]);
112 			printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
113 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
114 			printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
115 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
116 				printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
117 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
118 				printf("\t%u", fwheads);
119 				printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
120 			}
121 		} else {
122 			humanize_number(buf, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
123 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
124 			printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
125 			printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
126 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
127 			    (intmax_t)mediasize, buf);
128 			printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
129 			    (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
130 			if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
131 				printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
132 				    (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
133 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
134 				printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
135 			}
136 			if (ident[0] != '\0')
137 				printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
138 		}
139 		printf("\n");
140 		if (opt_c)
141 			commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
142 		if (opt_t)
143 			speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
144 		close(fd);
145 	}
146 	exit (0);
147 }
148 
149 
150 static char sector[65536];
151 static char mega[1024 * 1024];
152 
153 static void
154 rdsect(int fd, u_int blockno, u_int sectorsize)
155 {
156 	int error;
157 
158 	lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET);
159 	error = read(fd, sector, sectorsize);
160 	if (error != (int)sectorsize)
161 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
162 }
163 
164 static void
165 rdmega(int fd)
166 {
167 	int error;
168 
169 	error = read(fd, mega, sizeof(mega));
170 	if (error != sizeof(mega))
171 		err(1, "read error or disk too small for test.");
172 }
173 
174 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
175 
176 static void
177 T0(void)
178 {
179 
180 	fflush(stdout);
181 	sync();
182 	sleep(1);
183 	sync();
184 	sync();
185 	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
186 }
187 
188 static void
189 TN(int count)
190 {
191 	double dt;
192 
193 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
194 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
195 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
196 	printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
197 		count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
198 }
199 
200 static void
201 TR(double count)
202 {
203 	double dt;
204 
205 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
206 	dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
207 	dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
208 	printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
209 		count, dt, count / dt);
210 }
211 
212 static void
213 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
214 {
215 	int i;
216 	uint b0, b1, sectorcount;
217 
218 	sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
219 
220 	printf("Seek times:\n");
221 	printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
222 	b0 = 0;
223 	b1 = sectorcount - 1 - 16384;
224 	T0();
225 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
226 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
227 		b0 += 16384;
228 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
229 		b1 -= 16384;
230 	}
231 	TN(250);
232 
233 	printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
234 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
235 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
236 	T0();
237 	for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
238 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
239 		b0 += 16384;
240 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
241 		b1 += 16384;
242 	}
243 	TN(250);
244 	printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
245 	b0 = sectorcount / 4;
246 	b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
247 	T0();
248 	for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
249 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
250 		b0 += 16384;
251 		rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
252 		b1 += 16384;
253 	}
254 	TN(500);
255 
256 	printf("\tShort forward:\t");
257 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
258 	T0();
259 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
260 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
261 		b0 += 16384;
262 	}
263 	TN(400);
264 
265 	printf("\tShort backward:\t");
266 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
267 	T0();
268 	for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
269 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
270 		b0 -= 16384;
271 	}
272 	TN(400);
273 
274 	printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
275 	b0 = 0;
276 	T0();
277 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
278 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
279 		b0++;
280 	}
281 	TN(2048);
282 
283 	printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
284 	b0 = sectorcount - 2048 - 1;
285 	T0();
286 	for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
287 		rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
288 		b0++;
289 	}
290 	TN(2048);
291 
292 	printf("Transfer rates:\n");
293 	printf("\toutside:     ");
294 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
295 	T0();
296 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
297 		rdmega(fd);
298 	}
299 	TR(100 * 1024);
300 
301 	printf("\tmiddle:      ");
302 	b0 = sectorcount / 2;
303 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
304 	T0();
305 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
306 		rdmega(fd);
307 	}
308 	TR(100 * 1024);
309 
310 	printf("\tinside:      ");
311 	b0 = sectorcount - 100 * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;;
312 	rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
313 	T0();
314 	for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
315 		rdmega(fd);
316 	}
317 	TR(100 * 1024);
318 
319 	printf("\n");
320 	return;
321 }
322 
323 static void
324 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
325 {
326 	double dtmega, dtsector;
327 	int i;
328 
329 	printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
330 	i = mediasize;
331 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
332 	T0();
333 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
334 		rdmega(fd);
335 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
336 	dtmega = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
337 	dtmega += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
338 
339 	printf("\ttime to read 10MB block    %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
340 		dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
341 
342 	rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
343 	T0();
344 	for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
345 		rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
346 	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
347 	dtsector = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
348 	dtsector += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
349 
350 	printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
351 		dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
352 	printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
353 		(dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
354 
355 	printf("\n");
356 	return;
357 }
358