cron/lib/entry.c

/*
 * Copyright 1988,1990,1993,1994 by Paul Vixie
 * All rights reserved
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997 by Internet Software Consortium
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM DISCLAIMS
 * ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTERNET SOFTWARE
 * CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
 * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
 * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE.
 */

#if !defined(lint) && !defined(LINT)
static const char rcsid[] =
    "$Id: entry.c,v 1.3 1998/08/14 00:32:39 vixie Exp $";
#endif

/* vix 26jan87 [RCS'd; rest of log is in RCS file]
 * vix 01jan87 [added line-level error recovery]
 * vix 31dec86 [added /step to the from-to range, per bob@acornrc]
 * vix 30dec86 [written]
 */


#include "cron.h"
#include <grp.h>
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
#include <login_cap.h>
#endif

typedef	enum ecode {
	e_none, e_minute, e_hour, e_dom, e_month, e_dow,
	e_cmd, e_timespec, e_username, e_group, e_option,
	e_mem
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
	, e_class
#endif
} ecode_e;

static const char *ecodes[] =
	{
		"no error",
		"bad minute",
		"bad hour",
		"bad day-of-month",
		"bad month",
		"bad day-of-week",
		"bad command",
		"bad time specifier",
		"bad username",
		"bad group name",
		"bad option",
		"out of memory",
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
		"bad class name",
#endif
	};

static char	get_list(bitstr_t *, int, int, const char *[], int, FILE *),
		get_range(bitstr_t *, int, int, const char *[], int, FILE *),
		get_number(int *, int, const char *[], int, FILE *);
static int	set_element(bitstr_t *, int, int, int);

void
free_entry(entry *e)
{
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
	if (e->class != NULL)
		free(e->class);
#endif
	if (e->cmd != NULL)
		free(e->cmd);
	if (e->envp != NULL)
		env_free(e->envp);
	free(e);
}


/* return NULL if eof or syntax error occurs;
 * otherwise return a pointer to a new entry.
 */
entry *
load_entry(FILE *file, void (*error_func)(const char *), struct passwd *pw,
    char **envp)
{
	/* this function reads one crontab entry -- the next -- from a file.
	 * it skips any leading blank lines, ignores comments, and returns
	 * EOF if for any reason the entry can't be read and parsed.
	 *
	 * the entry is also parsed here.
	 *
	 * syntax:
	 *   user crontab:
	 *	minutes hours doms months dows cmd\n
	 *   system crontab (/etc/crontab):
	 *	minutes hours doms months dows USERNAME cmd\n
	 */

	ecode_e	ecode = e_none;
	entry	*e;
	int	ch;
	int	len;
	char	cmd[MAX_COMMAND];
	char	envstr[MAX_ENVSTR];
	char	**prev_env;

	Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...about to eat comments\n"))

	skip_comments(file);

	ch = get_char(file);
	if (ch == EOF)
		return NULL;

	/* ch is now the first useful character of a useful line.
	 * it may be an @special or it may be the first character
	 * of a list of minutes.
	 */

	e = (entry *) calloc(sizeof(entry), sizeof(char));

	if (e == NULL) {
		warn("load_entry: calloc failed");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (ch == '@') {
		long interval;
		char *endptr;

		/* all of these should be flagged and load-limited; i.e.,
		 * instead of @hourly meaning "0 * * * *" it should mean
		 * "close to the front of every hour but not 'til the
		 * system load is low".  Problems are: how do you know
		 * what "low" means? (save me from /etc/cron.conf!) and:
		 * how to guarantee low variance (how low is low?), which
		 * means how to we run roughly every hour -- seems like
		 * we need to keep a history or let the first hour set
		 * the schedule, which means we aren't load-limited
		 * anymore.  too much for my overloaded brain. (vix, jan90)
		 * HINT
		 */
		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...about to test shortcuts\n"))
		ch = get_string(cmd, MAX_COMMAND, file, " \t\n");
		if (!strcmp("reboot", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...reboot shortcut\n"))
			e->flags |= WHEN_REBOOT;
		} else if (!strcmp("yearly", cmd) || !strcmp("annually", cmd)){
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...yearly shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_set(e->minute, 0);
			bit_set(e->hour, 0);
			bit_set(e->dom, 0);
			bit_set(e->month, 0);
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
			e->flags |= DOW_STAR;
		} else if (!strcmp("monthly", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...monthly shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_set(e->minute, 0);
			bit_set(e->hour, 0);
			bit_set(e->dom, 0);
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
			e->flags |= DOW_STAR;
		} else if (!strcmp("weekly", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...weekly shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_set(e->minute, 0);
			bit_set(e->hour, 0);
			bit_nset(e->dom, 0, (LAST_DOM-FIRST_DOM+1));
			e->flags |= DOM_STAR;
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_set(e->dow, 0);
		} else if (!strcmp("daily", cmd) || !strcmp("midnight", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...daily shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_set(e->minute, 0);
			bit_set(e->hour, 0);
			bit_nset(e->dom, 0, (LAST_DOM-FIRST_DOM+1));
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
		} else if (!strcmp("hourly", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...hourly shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_set(e->minute, 0);
			bit_nset(e->hour, 0, (LAST_HOUR-FIRST_HOUR+1));
			bit_nset(e->dom, 0, (LAST_DOM-FIRST_DOM+1));
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
		} else if (!strcmp("every_minute", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...every_minute shortcut\n"))
			bit_set(e->second, 0);
			bit_nset(e->minute, 0, (LAST_MINUTE-FIRST_MINUTE+1));
			bit_nset(e->hour, 0, (LAST_HOUR-FIRST_HOUR+1));
			bit_nset(e->dom, 0, (LAST_DOM-FIRST_DOM+1));
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
		} else if (!strcmp("every_second", cmd)) {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...every_second shortcut\n"))
			e->flags |= SEC_RES;
			bit_nset(e->second, 0, (LAST_SECOND-FIRST_SECOND+1));
			bit_nset(e->minute, 0, (LAST_MINUTE-FIRST_MINUTE+1));
			bit_nset(e->hour, 0, (LAST_HOUR-FIRST_HOUR+1));
			bit_nset(e->dom, 0, (LAST_DOM-FIRST_DOM+1));
			bit_nset(e->month, 0, (LAST_MONTH-FIRST_MONTH+1));
			bit_nset(e->dow, 0, (LAST_DOW-FIRST_DOW+1));
		} else if (*cmd != '\0' &&
		    (interval = strtol(cmd, &endptr, 10)) > 0 &&
		    *endptr == '\0') {
			Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()... %ld seconds "
			    "since last run\n", interval))
			e->interval = interval;
			e->flags = INTERVAL;
		} else {
			ecode = e_timespec;
			goto eof;
		}
		/* Advance past whitespace between shortcut and
		 * username/command.
		 */
		Skip_Blanks(ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_cmd;
			goto eof;
		}
	} else {
		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...about to parse numerics\n"))
		bit_set(e->second, 0);

		ch = get_list(e->minute, FIRST_MINUTE, LAST_MINUTE,
			      PPC_NULL, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_minute;
			goto eof;
		}

		/* hours
		 */

		ch = get_list(e->hour, FIRST_HOUR, LAST_HOUR,
			      PPC_NULL, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_hour;
			goto eof;
		}

		/* DOM (days of month)
		 */

		if (ch == '*')
			e->flags |= DOM_STAR;
		ch = get_list(e->dom, FIRST_DOM, LAST_DOM,
			      PPC_NULL, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_dom;
			goto eof;
		}

		/* month
		 */

		ch = get_list(e->month, FIRST_MONTH, LAST_MONTH,
			      MonthNames, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_month;
			goto eof;
		}

		/* DOW (days of week)
		 */

		if (ch == '*')
			e->flags |= DOW_STAR;
		ch = get_list(e->dow, FIRST_DOW, LAST_DOW,
			      DowNames, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_dow;
			goto eof;
		}
	}

	/* make sundays equivalent */
	if (bit_test(e->dow, 0) || bit_test(e->dow, 7)) {
		bit_set(e->dow, 0);
		bit_set(e->dow, 7);
	}

	/* ch is the first character of a command, or a username */
	unget_char(ch, file);

	if (!pw) {
		char		*username = cmd;	/* temp buffer */
		char            *s;
		struct group    *grp;
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
		login_cap_t *lc;
#endif

		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...about to parse username\n"))
		ch = get_string(username, MAX_COMMAND, file, " \t");

		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...got %s\n",username))
		if (ch == EOF) {
			ecode = e_cmd;
			goto eof;
		}

		/* need to have consumed blanks when checking options below */
		Skip_Blanks(ch, file)
		unget_char(ch, file);
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
		if ((s = strrchr(username, '/')) != NULL) {
			*s = '\0';
			e->class = strdup(s + 1);
			if (e->class == NULL)
				warn("strdup(\"%s\")", s + 1);
		} else {
			e->class = strdup(RESOURCE_RC);
			if (e->class == NULL)
				warn("strdup(\"%s\")", RESOURCE_RC);
		}
		if (e->class == NULL) {
			ecode = e_mem;
			goto eof;
		}
		if ((lc = login_getclass(e->class)) == NULL) {
			ecode = e_class;
			goto eof;
		}
		login_close(lc);
#endif
		grp = NULL;
		if ((s = strrchr(username, ':')) != NULL) {
			*s = '\0';
			if ((grp = getgrnam(s + 1)) == NULL) {
				ecode = e_group;
				goto eof;
			}
		}

		pw = getpwnam(username);
		if (pw == NULL) {
			ecode = e_username;
			goto eof;
		}
		if (grp != NULL)
			pw->pw_gid = grp->gr_gid;
		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...uid %d, gid %d\n",pw->pw_uid,pw->pw_gid))
#ifdef LOGIN_CAP
		Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...class %s\n",e->class))
#endif
	}

#ifndef PAM	/* PAM takes care of account expiration by itself */
	if (pw->pw_expire && time(NULL) >= pw->pw_expire) {
		ecode = e_username;
		goto eof;
	}
#endif /* !PAM */

	e->uid = pw->pw_uid;
	e->gid = pw->pw_gid;

	/* copy and fix up environment.  some variables are just defaults and
	 * others are overrides; we process only the overrides here, defaults
	 * are handled in do_command after login.conf is processed.
	 */
	e->envp = env_copy(envp);
	if (e->envp == NULL) {
		warn("env_copy");
		ecode = e_mem;
		goto eof;
	}
	if (!env_get("SHELL", e->envp)) {
		prev_env = e->envp;
		e->envp = env_set(e->envp, "SHELL=" _PATH_BSHELL);
		if (e->envp == NULL) {
			warn("env_set(%s)", "SHELL=" _PATH_BSHELL);
			env_free(prev_env);
			ecode = e_mem;
			goto eof;
		}
	}
	/* If LOGIN_CAP, this is deferred to do_command where the login class
	 * is processed. If !LOGIN_CAP, do it here.
	 */
#ifndef LOGIN_CAP
	if (!env_get("HOME", e->envp)) {
		prev_env = e->envp;
		len = snprintf(envstr, sizeof(envstr), "HOME=%s", pw->pw_dir);
		if (len < sizeof(envstr))
			e->envp = env_set(e->envp, envstr);
		if (len >= sizeof(envstr) || e->envp == NULL) {
			warn("env_set(%s)", envstr);
			env_free(prev_env);
			ecode = e_mem;
			goto eof;
		}
	}
#endif
	prev_env = e->envp;
	len = snprintf(envstr, sizeof(envstr), "LOGNAME=%s", pw->pw_name);
	if (len < (int)sizeof(envstr))
		e->envp = env_set(e->envp, envstr);
	if (len >= (int)sizeof(envstr) || e->envp == NULL) {
		warn("env_set(%s)", envstr);
		env_free(prev_env);
		ecode = e_mem;
		goto eof;
	}
#if defined(BSD)
	prev_env = e->envp;
	len = snprintf(envstr, sizeof(envstr), "USER=%s", pw->pw_name);
	if (len < (int)sizeof(envstr))
		e->envp = env_set(e->envp, envstr);
	if (len >= (int)sizeof(envstr) || e->envp == NULL) {
		warn("env_set(%s)", envstr);
		env_free(prev_env);
		ecode = e_mem;
		goto eof;
	}
#endif

	Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...checking for command options\n"))

	ch = get_char(file);

	while (ch == '-') {
		Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...expecting option\n"))
		switch (ch = get_char(file)) {
		case 'n':
			Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...got MAIL_WHEN_ERR ('n') option\n"))
			/* only allow the user to set the option once */
			if ((e->flags & MAIL_WHEN_ERR) == MAIL_WHEN_ERR) {
				Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...duplicate MAIL_WHEN_ERR ('n') option\n"))
				ecode = e_option;
				goto eof;
			}
			e->flags |= MAIL_WHEN_ERR;
			break;
		case 'q':
			Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...got DONT_LOG ('q') option\n"))
			/* only allow the user to set the option once */
			if ((e->flags & DONT_LOG) == DONT_LOG) {
				Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...duplicate DONT_LOG ('q') option\n"))
				ecode = e_option;
				goto eof;
			}
			e->flags |= DONT_LOG;
			break;
		default:
			Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("load_entry()...invalid option '%c'\n", ch))
			ecode = e_option;
			goto eof;
		}
		ch = get_char(file);
		if (ch!='\t' && ch!=' ') {
			ecode = e_option;
			goto eof;
		}

		Skip_Blanks(ch, file)
		if (ch == EOF || ch == '\n') {
			ecode = e_cmd;
			goto eof;
		}
	}

	unget_char(ch, file);

	Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...about to parse command\n"))

	/* Everything up to the next \n or EOF is part of the command...
	 * too bad we don't know in advance how long it will be, since we
	 * need to malloc a string for it... so, we limit it to MAX_COMMAND.
	 */
	ch = get_string(cmd, MAX_COMMAND, file, "\n");

	/* a file without a \n before the EOF is rude, so we'll complain...
	 */
	if (ch == EOF) {
		ecode = e_cmd;
		goto eof;
	}

	/* got the command in the 'cmd' string; save it in *e.
	 */
	e->cmd = strdup(cmd);
	if (e->cmd == NULL) {
		warn("strdup(\"%s\")", cmd);
		ecode = e_mem;
		goto eof;
	}
	Debug(DPARS, ("load_entry()...returning successfully\n"))

	/* success, fini, return pointer to the entry we just created...
	 */
	return e;

 eof:
	free_entry(e);
	if (ecode != e_none && error_func)
		(*error_func)(ecodes[(int)ecode]);
	while (ch != EOF && ch != '\n')
		ch = get_char(file);
	return NULL;
}


/*
 * bits		one bit per flag, default=FALSE
 * low, high	bounds, impl. offset for bitstr
 * names	NULL or names for these elements
 * ch		current character being processed
 * file		file being read
 */
static char
get_list(bitstr_t *bits, int low, int high, const char *names[], int ch,
    FILE *file)
{
	int done;

	/* we know that we point to a non-blank character here;
	 * must do a Skip_Blanks before we exit, so that the
	 * next call (or the code that picks up the cmd) can
	 * assume the same thing.
	 */

	Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("get_list()...entered\n"))

	/* list = range {"," range}
	 */

	/* clear the bit string, since the default is 'off'.
	 */
	bit_nclear(bits, 0, (high-low+1));

	/* process all ranges
	 */
	done = FALSE;
	while (!done) {
		ch = get_range(bits, low, high, names, ch, file);
		if (ch == ',')
			ch = get_char(file);
		else
			done = TRUE;
	}

	/* exiting.  skip to some blanks, then skip over the blanks.
	 */
	Skip_Nonblanks(ch, file)
	Skip_Blanks(ch, file)

	Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("get_list()...exiting w/ %02x\n", ch))

	return ch;
}


/*
 * bits		one bit per flag, default=FALSE
 * low, high	bounds, impl. offset for bitstr
 * names	NULL or names for these elements
 * ch		current character being processed
 * file		file being read
 */
static char
get_range(bitstr_t *bits, int low, int high, const char *names[], int ch,
    FILE *file)
{
	/* range = number | number "-" number [ "/" number ]
	 */

	int i, num1, num2, num3;

	Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("get_range()...entering, exit won't show\n"))

	if (ch == '*') {
		/* '*' means "first-last" but can still be modified by /step
		 */
		num1 = low;
		num2 = high;
		ch = get_char(file);
		if (ch == EOF)
			return EOF;
	} else {
		if (EOF == (ch = get_number(&num1, low, names, ch, file)))
			return EOF;

		if (ch == '/')
			num2 = high;
		else if (ch != '-') {
			/* not a range, it's a single number.
			 */
			if (EOF == set_element(bits, low, high, num1))
				return EOF;
			return ch;
		} else {
			/* eat the dash
			 */
			ch = get_char(file);
			if (ch == EOF)
				return EOF;

			/* get the number following the dash
			 */
			ch = get_number(&num2, low, names, ch, file);
			if (ch == EOF)
				return EOF;
		}
	}

	/* check for step size
	 */
	if (ch == '/') {
		/* eat the slash
		 */
		ch = get_char(file);
		if (ch == EOF)
			return EOF;

		/* get the step size -- note: we don't pass the
		 * names here, because the number is not an
		 * element id, it's a step size.  'low' is
		 * sent as a 0 since there is no offset either.
		 */
		ch = get_number(&num3, 0, PPC_NULL, ch, file);
		if (ch == EOF || num3 == 0)
			return EOF;
	} else {
		/* no step.  default==1.
		 */
		num3 = 1;
	}

	/* range. set all elements from num1 to num2, stepping
	 * by num3.  (the step is a downward-compatible extension
	 * proposed conceptually by bob@acornrc, syntactically
	 * designed then implmented by paul vixie).
	 */
	for (i = num1;  i <= num2;  i += num3)
		if (EOF == set_element(bits, low, high, i))
			return EOF;

	return ch;
}


/*
 * numptr	where does the result go?
 * low		offset applied to enum result
 * names	symbolic names, if any, for enums
 * ch		current character
 * file		source
 */
static char
get_number(int *numptr, int low, const char *names[], int ch, FILE *file)
{
	char	temp[MAX_TEMPSTR], *pc;
	int	len, i, all_digits;

	/* collect alphanumerics into our fixed-size temp array
	 */
	pc = temp;
	len = 0;
	all_digits = TRUE;
	while (isalnum(ch)) {
		if (++len >= MAX_TEMPSTR)
			return EOF;

		*pc++ = ch;

		if (!isdigit(ch))
			all_digits = FALSE;

		ch = get_char(file);
	}
	*pc = '\0';
	if (len == 0)
	    return (EOF);

	/* try to find the name in the name list
	 */
	if (names) {
		for (i = 0;  names[i] != NULL;  i++) {
			Debug(DPARS|DEXT,
				("get_num, compare(%s,%s)\n", names[i], temp))
			if (!strcasecmp(names[i], temp)) {
				*numptr = i+low;
				return ch;
			}
		}
	}

	/* no name list specified, or there is one and our string isn't
	 * in it.  either way: if it's all digits, use its magnitude.
	 * otherwise, it's an error.
	 */
	if (all_digits) {
		*numptr = atoi(temp);
		return ch;
	}

	return EOF;
}


static int
set_element(bitstr_t *bits, int low, int high, int number)
{
	Debug(DPARS|DEXT, ("set_element(?,%d,%d,%d)\n", low, high, number))

	if (number < low || number > high)
		return EOF;

	bit_set(bits, (number-low));
	return OK;
}