xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.c (revision a316b26e50bbed7cf655fbba726ab87d8ab7599d)
1 /* Copyright 1988,1990,1993,1994 by Paul Vixie
2  * All rights reserved
3  *
4  * Distribute freely, except: don't remove my name from the source or
5  * documentation (don't take credit for my work), mark your changes (don't
6  * get me blamed for your possible bugs), don't alter or remove this
7  * notice.  May be sold if buildable source is provided to buyer.  No
8  * warrantee of any kind, express or implied, is included with this
9  * software; use at your own risk, responsibility for damages (if any) to
10  * anyone resulting from the use of this software rests entirely with the
11  * user.
12  *
13  * Send bug reports, bug fixes, enhancements, requests, flames, etc., and
14  * I'll try to keep a version up to date.  I can be reached as follows:
15  * Paul Vixie          <paul@vix.com>          uunet!decwrl!vixie!paul
16  * From Id: crontab.c,v 2.13 1994/01/17 03:20:37 vixie Exp
17  */
18 
19 #if !defined(lint) && !defined(LINT)
20 static char rcsid[] = "$Id: crontab.c,v 1.4 1994/04/13 21:57:55 wollman Exp $";
21 #endif
22 
23 /* crontab - install and manage per-user crontab files
24  * vix 02may87 [RCS has the rest of the log]
25  * vix 26jan87 [original]
26  */
27 
28 
29 #define	MAIN_PROGRAM
30 
31 
32 #include "cron.h"
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <fcntl.h>
35 #include <sys/file.h>
36 #include <sys/stat.h>
37 #ifdef USE_UTIMES
38 # include <sys/time.h>
39 #else
40 # include <time.h>
41 # include <utime.h>
42 #endif
43 #if defined(POSIX)
44 # include <locale.h>
45 #endif
46 
47 
48 #define NHEADER_LINES 3
49 
50 
51 enum opt_t	{ opt_unknown, opt_list, opt_delete, opt_edit, opt_replace };
52 
53 #if DEBUGGING
54 static char	*Options[] = { "???", "list", "delete", "edit", "replace" };
55 #endif
56 
57 
58 static	PID_T		Pid;
59 static	char		User[MAX_UNAME], RealUser[MAX_UNAME];
60 static	char		Filename[MAX_FNAME];
61 static	FILE		*NewCrontab;
62 static	int		CheckErrorCount;
63 static	enum opt_t	Option;
64 static	struct passwd	*pw;
65 static	void		list_cmd __P((void)),
66 			delete_cmd __P((void)),
67 			edit_cmd __P((void)),
68 			poke_daemon __P((void)),
69 			check_error __P((char *)),
70 			parse_args __P((int c, char *v[]));
71 static	int		replace_cmd __P((void));
72 
73 
74 static void
75 usage(msg)
76 	char *msg;
77 {
78 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: usage error: %s\n", ProgramName, msg);
79 	fprintf(stderr, "usage:\t%s [-u user] file\n", ProgramName);
80 	fprintf(stderr, "\t%s [-u user] { -e | -l | -r }\n", ProgramName);
81 	fprintf(stderr, "\t\t(default operation is replace, per 1003.2)\n");
82 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e\t(edit user's crontab)\n");
83 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l\t(list user's crontab)\n");
84 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r\t(delete user's crontab)\n");
85 	exit(ERROR_EXIT);
86 }
87 
88 
89 int
90 main(argc, argv)
91 	int	argc;
92 	char	*argv[];
93 {
94 	int	exitstatus;
95 
96 	Pid = getpid();
97 	ProgramName = argv[0];
98 
99 #if defined(POSIX)
100 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
101 #endif
102 
103 #if defined(BSD)
104 	setlinebuf(stderr);
105 #endif
106 	parse_args(argc, argv);		/* sets many globals, opens a file */
107 	set_cron_uid();
108 	set_cron_cwd();
109 	if (!allowed(User)) {
110 		fprintf(stderr,
111 			"You (%s) are not allowed to use this program (%s)\n",
112 			User, ProgramName);
113 		fprintf(stderr, "See crontab(1) for more information\n");
114 		log_it(RealUser, Pid, "AUTH", "crontab command not allowed");
115 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
116 	}
117 	exitstatus = OK_EXIT;
118 	switch (Option) {
119 	case opt_list:		list_cmd();
120 				break;
121 	case opt_delete:	delete_cmd();
122 				break;
123 	case opt_edit:		edit_cmd();
124 				break;
125 	case opt_replace:	if (replace_cmd() < 0)
126 					exitstatus = ERROR_EXIT;
127 				break;
128 	}
129 	exit(0);
130 	/*NOTREACHED*/
131 }
132 
133 
134 static void
135 parse_args(argc, argv)
136 	int	argc;
137 	char	*argv[];
138 {
139 	int		argch;
140 
141 	if (!(pw = getpwuid(getuid()))) {
142 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: your UID isn't in the passwd file.\n",
143 			ProgramName);
144 		fprintf(stderr, "bailing out.\n");
145 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
146 	}
147 	strcpy(User, pw->pw_name);
148 	strcpy(RealUser, User);
149 	Filename[0] = '\0';
150 	Option = opt_unknown;
151 	while (EOF != (argch = getopt(argc, argv, "u:lerx:"))) {
152 		switch (argch) {
153 		case 'x':
154 			if (!set_debug_flags(optarg))
155 				usage("bad debug option");
156 			break;
157 		case 'u':
158 			if (getuid() != ROOT_UID)
159 			{
160 				fprintf(stderr,
161 					"must be privileged to use -u\n");
162 				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
163 			}
164 			if (!(pw = getpwnam(optarg)))
165 			{
166 				fprintf(stderr, "%s:  user `%s' unknown\n",
167 					ProgramName, optarg);
168 				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
169 			}
170 			(void) strcpy(User, optarg);
171 			break;
172 		case 'l':
173 			if (Option != opt_unknown)
174 				usage("only one operation permitted");
175 			Option = opt_list;
176 			break;
177 		case 'r':
178 			if (Option != opt_unknown)
179 				usage("only one operation permitted");
180 			Option = opt_delete;
181 			break;
182 		case 'e':
183 			if (Option != opt_unknown)
184 				usage("only one operation permitted");
185 			Option = opt_edit;
186 			break;
187 		default:
188 			usage("unrecognized option");
189 		}
190 	}
191 
192 	endpwent();
193 
194 	if (Option != opt_unknown) {
195 		if (argv[optind] != NULL) {
196 			usage("no arguments permitted after this option");
197 		}
198 	} else {
199 		if (argv[optind] != NULL) {
200 			Option = opt_replace;
201 			(void) strcpy (Filename, argv[optind]);
202 		} else {
203 			usage("file name must be specified for replace");
204 		}
205 	}
206 
207 	if (Option == opt_replace) {
208 		/* we have to open the file here because we're going to
209 		 * chdir(2) into /var/cron before we get around to
210 		 * reading the file.
211 		 */
212 		if (!strcmp(Filename, "-")) {
213 			NewCrontab = stdin;
214 		} else {
215 			/* relinquish the setuid status of the binary during
216 			 * the open, lest nonroot users read files they should
217 			 * not be able to read.  we can't use access() here
218 			 * since there's a race condition.  thanks go out to
219 			 * Arnt Gulbrandsen <agulbra@pvv.unit.no> for spotting
220 			 * the race.
221 			 */
222 
223 			if (swap_uids() < OK) {
224 				perror("swapping uids");
225 				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
226 			}
227 			if (!(NewCrontab = fopen(Filename, "r"))) {
228 				perror(Filename);
229 				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
230 			}
231 			if (swap_uids() < OK) {
232 				perror("swapping uids back");
233 				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
234 			}
235 		}
236 	}
237 
238 	Debug(DMISC, ("user=%s, file=%s, option=%s\n",
239 		      User, Filename, Options[(int)Option]))
240 }
241 
242 
243 static void
244 list_cmd() {
245 	char	n[MAX_FNAME];
246 	FILE	*f;
247 	int	ch;
248 
249 	log_it(RealUser, Pid, "LIST", User);
250 	(void) sprintf(n, CRON_TAB(User));
251 	if (!(f = fopen(n, "r"))) {
252 		if (errno == ENOENT)
253 			fprintf(stderr, "no crontab for %s\n", User);
254 		else
255 			perror(n);
256 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
257 	}
258 
259 	/* file is open. copy to stdout, close.
260 	 */
261 	Set_LineNum(1)
262 	while (EOF != (ch = get_char(f)))
263 		putchar(ch);
264 	fclose(f);
265 }
266 
267 
268 static void
269 delete_cmd() {
270 	char	n[MAX_FNAME];
271 
272 	log_it(RealUser, Pid, "DELETE", User);
273 	(void) sprintf(n, CRON_TAB(User));
274 	if (unlink(n)) {
275 		if (errno == ENOENT)
276 			fprintf(stderr, "no crontab for %s\n", User);
277 		else
278 			perror(n);
279 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
280 	}
281 	poke_daemon();
282 }
283 
284 
285 static void
286 check_error(msg)
287 	char	*msg;
288 {
289 	CheckErrorCount++;
290 	fprintf(stderr, "\"%s\":%d: %s\n", Filename, LineNumber-1, msg);
291 }
292 
293 
294 static void
295 edit_cmd() {
296 	char		n[MAX_FNAME], q[MAX_TEMPSTR], *editor;
297 	FILE		*f;
298 	int		ch, t, x;
299 	struct stat	statbuf;
300 	time_t		mtime;
301 	WAIT_T		waiter;
302 	PID_T		pid, xpid;
303 
304 	log_it(RealUser, Pid, "BEGIN EDIT", User);
305 	(void) sprintf(n, CRON_TAB(User));
306 	if (!(f = fopen(n, "r"))) {
307 		if (errno != ENOENT) {
308 			perror(n);
309 			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
310 		}
311 		fprintf(stderr, "no crontab for %s - using an empty one\n",
312 			User);
313 		if (!(f = fopen("/dev/null", "r"))) {
314 			perror("/dev/null");
315 			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
316 		}
317 	}
318 
319 	(void) sprintf(Filename, "/tmp/crontab.%d", Pid);
320 	if (-1 == (t = open(Filename, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600))) {
321 		perror(Filename);
322 		goto fatal;
323 	}
324 #ifdef HAS_FCHOWN
325 	if (fchown(t, getuid(), getgid()) < 0) {
326 #else
327 	if (chown(Filename, getuid(), getgid()) < 0) {
328 #endif
329 		perror("fchown");
330 		goto fatal;
331 	}
332 	if (!(NewCrontab = fdopen(t, "w"))) {
333 		perror("fdopen");
334 		goto fatal;
335 	}
336 
337 	Set_LineNum(1)
338 
339 	/* ignore the top few comments since we probably put them there.
340 	 */
341 	for (x = 0;  x < NHEADER_LINES;  x++) {
342 		ch = get_char(f);
343 		if (EOF == ch)
344 			break;
345 		if ('#' != ch) {
346 			putc(ch, NewCrontab);
347 			break;
348 		}
349 		while (EOF != (ch = get_char(f)))
350 			if (ch == '\n')
351 				break;
352 		if (EOF == ch)
353 			break;
354 	}
355 
356 	/* copy the rest of the crontab (if any) to the temp file.
357 	 */
358 	if (EOF != ch)
359 		while (EOF != (ch = get_char(f)))
360 			putc(ch, NewCrontab);
361 	fclose(f);
362 	if (fclose(NewCrontab)) {
363 		perror(Filename);
364 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
365 	}
366  again:
367 	if (stat(Filename, &statbuf) < 0) {
368 		perror("stat");
369  fatal:		unlink(Filename);
370 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
371 	}
372 	mtime = statbuf.st_mtime;
373 
374 	if ((!(editor = getenv("VISUAL")))
375 	 && (!(editor = getenv("EDITOR")))
376 	    ) {
377 		editor = EDITOR;
378 	}
379 
380 	/* we still have the file open.  editors will generally rewrite the
381 	 * original file rather than renaming/unlinking it and starting a
382 	 * new one; even backup files are supposed to be made by copying
383 	 * rather than by renaming.  if some editor does not support this,
384 	 * then don't use it.  the security problems are more severe if we
385 	 * close and reopen the file around the edit.
386 	 */
387 
388 	switch (pid = fork()) {
389 	case -1:
390 		perror("fork");
391 		goto fatal;
392 	case 0:
393 		/* child */
394 		if (setuid(getuid()) < 0) {
395 			perror("setuid(getuid())");
396 			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
397 		}
398 		if (chdir("/tmp") < 0) {
399 			perror("chdir(/tmp)");
400 			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
401 		}
402 		if (strlen(editor) + strlen(Filename) + 2 >= MAX_TEMPSTR) {
403 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: editor or filename too long\n",
404 				ProgramName);
405 			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
406 		}
407 		sprintf(q, "%s %s", editor, Filename);
408 		execlp(_PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_BSHELL, "-c", q, NULL);
409 		perror(editor);
410 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
411 		/*NOTREACHED*/
412 	default:
413 		/* parent */
414 		break;
415 	}
416 
417 	/* parent */
418 	xpid = wait(&waiter);
419 	if (xpid != pid) {
420 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong PID (%d != %d) from \"%s\"\n",
421 			ProgramName, xpid, pid, editor);
422 		goto fatal;
423 	}
424 	if (WIFEXITED(waiter) && WEXITSTATUS(waiter)) {
425 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" exited with status %d\n",
426 			ProgramName, editor, WEXITSTATUS(waiter));
427 		goto fatal;
428 	}
429 	if (WIFSIGNALED(waiter)) {
430 		fprintf(stderr,
431 			"%s: \"%s\" killed; signal %d (%score dumped)\n",
432 			ProgramName, editor, WTERMSIG(waiter),
433 			WCOREDUMP(waiter) ?"" :"no ");
434 		goto fatal;
435 	}
436 	if (stat(Filename, &statbuf) < 0) {
437 		perror("stat");
438 		goto fatal;
439 	}
440 	if (mtime == statbuf.st_mtime) {
441 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: no changes made to crontab\n",
442 			ProgramName);
443 		goto remove;
444 	}
445 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: installing new crontab\n", ProgramName);
446 	if (!(NewCrontab = fopen(Filename, "r"))) {
447 		perror(Filename);
448 		goto fatal;
449 	}
450 	switch (replace_cmd()) {
451 	case 0:
452 		break;
453 	case -1:
454 		for (;;) {
455 			printf("Do you want to retry the same edit? ");
456 			fflush(stdout);
457 			q[0] = '\0';
458 			(void) fgets(q, sizeof q, stdin);
459 			switch (islower(q[0]) ? q[0] : tolower(q[0])) {
460 			case 'y':
461 				goto again;
462 			case 'n':
463 				goto abandon;
464 			default:
465 				fprintf(stderr, "Enter Y or N\n");
466 			}
467 		}
468 		/*NOTREACHED*/
469 	case -2:
470 	abandon:
471 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: edits left in %s\n",
472 			ProgramName, Filename);
473 		goto done;
474 	default:
475 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: panic: bad switch() in replace_cmd()\n");
476 		goto fatal;
477 	}
478  remove:
479 	unlink(Filename);
480  done:
481 	log_it(RealUser, Pid, "END EDIT", User);
482 }
483 
484 
485 /* returns	0	on success
486  *		-1	on syntax error
487  *		-2	on install error
488  */
489 static int
490 replace_cmd() {
491 	char	n[MAX_FNAME], envstr[MAX_ENVSTR], tn[MAX_FNAME];
492 	FILE	*tmp;
493 	int	ch, eof;
494 	entry	*e;
495 	time_t	now = time(NULL);
496 	char	**envp = env_init();
497 
498 	(void) sprintf(n, "tmp.%d", Pid);
499 	(void) sprintf(tn, CRON_TAB(n));
500 	if (!(tmp = fopen(tn, "w+"))) {
501 		perror(tn);
502 		return (-2);
503 	}
504 
505 	/* write a signature at the top of the file.
506 	 *
507 	 * VERY IMPORTANT: make sure NHEADER_LINES agrees with this code.
508 	 */
509 	fprintf(tmp, "# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - edit the master and reinstall.\n");
510 	fprintf(tmp, "# (%s installed on %-24.24s)\n", Filename, ctime(&now));
511 	fprintf(tmp, "# (Cron version -- %s)\n", rcsid);
512 
513 	/* copy the crontab to the tmp
514 	 */
515 	Set_LineNum(1)
516 	while (EOF != (ch = get_char(NewCrontab)))
517 		putc(ch, tmp);
518 	fclose(NewCrontab);
519 	ftruncate(fileno(tmp), ftell(tmp));
520 	fflush(tmp);  rewind(tmp);
521 
522 	if (ferror(tmp)) {
523 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: error while writing new crontab to %s\n",
524 			ProgramName, tn);
525 		fclose(tmp);  unlink(tn);
526 		return (-2);
527 	}
528 
529 	/* check the syntax of the file being installed.
530 	 */
531 
532 	/* BUG: was reporting errors after the EOF if there were any errors
533 	 * in the file proper -- kludged it by stopping after first error.
534 	 *		vix 31mar87
535 	 */
536 	Set_LineNum(1 - NHEADER_LINES)
537 	CheckErrorCount = 0;  eof = FALSE;
538 	while (!CheckErrorCount && !eof) {
539 		switch (load_env(envstr, tmp)) {
540 		case ERR:
541 			eof = TRUE;
542 			break;
543 		case FALSE:
544 			e = load_entry(tmp, check_error, pw, envp);
545 			if (e)
546 				free(e);
547 			break;
548 		case TRUE:
549 			break;
550 		}
551 	}
552 
553 	if (CheckErrorCount != 0) {
554 		fprintf(stderr, "errors in crontab file, can't install.\n");
555 		fclose(tmp);  unlink(tn);
556 		return (-1);
557 	}
558 
559 #ifdef HAS_FCHOWN
560 	if (fchown(fileno(tmp), ROOT_UID, -1) < OK)
561 #else
562 	if (chown(tn, ROOT_UID, -1) < OK)
563 #endif
564 	{
565 		perror("chown");
566 		fclose(tmp);  unlink(tn);
567 		return (-2);
568 	}
569 
570 #ifdef HAS_FCHMOD
571 	if (fchmod(fileno(tmp), 0600) < OK)
572 #else
573 	if (chmod(tn, 0600) < OK)
574 #endif
575 	{
576 		perror("chown");
577 		fclose(tmp);  unlink(tn);
578 		return (-2);
579 	}
580 
581 	if (fclose(tmp) == EOF) {
582 		perror("fclose");
583 		unlink(tn);
584 		return (-2);
585 	}
586 
587 	(void) sprintf(n, CRON_TAB(User));
588 	if (rename(tn, n)) {
589 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: error renaming %s to %s\n",
590 			ProgramName, tn, n);
591 		perror("rename");
592 		unlink(tn);
593 		return (-2);
594 	}
595 	log_it(RealUser, Pid, "REPLACE", User);
596 
597 	poke_daemon();
598 
599 	return (0);
600 }
601 
602 
603 static void
604 poke_daemon() {
605 #ifdef USE_UTIMES
606 	struct timeval tvs[2];
607 	struct timezone tz;
608 
609 	(void) gettimeofday(&tvs[0], &tz);
610 	tvs[1] = tvs[0];
611 	if (utimes(SPOOL_DIR, tvs) < OK) {
612 		fprintf(stderr, "crontab: can't update mtime on spooldir\n");
613 		perror(SPOOL_DIR);
614 		return;
615 	}
616 #else
617 	if (utime(SPOOL_DIR, NULL) < OK) {
618 		fprintf(stderr, "crontab: can't update mtime on spooldir\n");
619 		perror(SPOOL_DIR);
620 		return;
621 	}
622 #endif /*USE_UTIMES*/
623 }
624