xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/cron/cron/do_command.c (revision a8445737e740901f5f2c8d24c12ef7fc8b00134e)
1 /* Copyright 1988,1990,1993,1994 by Paul Vixie
2  * All rights reserved
3  *
4  * Distribute freely, except: don't remove my name from the source or
5  * documentation (don't take credit for my work), mark your changes (don't
6  * get me blamed for your possible bugs), don't alter or remove this
7  * notice.  May be sold if buildable source is provided to buyer.  No
8  * warrantee of any kind, express or implied, is included with this
9  * software; use at your own risk, responsibility for damages (if any) to
10  * anyone resulting from the use of this software rests entirely with the
11  * user.
12  *
13  * Send bug reports, bug fixes, enhancements, requests, flames, etc., and
14  * I'll try to keep a version up to date.  I can be reached as follows:
15  * Paul Vixie          <paul@vix.com>          uunet!decwrl!vixie!paul
16  */
17 
18 #if !defined(lint) && !defined(LINT)
19 static const char rcsid[] =
20 	"$Id: do_command.c,v 1.13 1997/09/15 06:39:06 charnier Exp $";
21 #endif
22 
23 
24 #include "cron.h"
25 #include <sys/signal.h>
26 #if defined(sequent)
27 # include <sys/universe.h>
28 #endif
29 #if defined(SYSLOG)
30 # include <syslog.h>
31 #endif
32 #if defined(LOGIN_CAP)
33 # include <login_cap.h>
34 #endif
35 
36 
37 static void		child_process __P((entry *, user *)),
38 			do_univ __P((user *));
39 
40 
41 void
42 do_command(e, u)
43 	entry	*e;
44 	user	*u;
45 {
46 	Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] do_command(%s, (%s,%d,%d))\n",
47 		getpid(), e->cmd, u->name, e->uid, e->gid))
48 
49 	/* fork to become asynchronous -- parent process is done immediately,
50 	 * and continues to run the normal cron code, which means return to
51 	 * tick().  the child and grandchild don't leave this function, alive.
52 	 *
53 	 * vfork() is unsuitable, since we have much to do, and the parent
54 	 * needs to be able to run off and fork other processes.
55 	 */
56 	switch (fork()) {
57 	case -1:
58 		log_it("CRON",getpid(),"error","can't fork");
59 		break;
60 	case 0:
61 		/* child process */
62 		acquire_daemonlock(1);
63 		child_process(e, u);
64 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child process done, exiting\n", getpid()))
65 		_exit(OK_EXIT);
66 		break;
67 	default:
68 		/* parent process */
69 		break;
70 	}
71 	Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] main process returning to work\n", getpid()))
72 }
73 
74 
75 static void
76 child_process(e, u)
77 	entry	*e;
78 	user	*u;
79 {
80 	int		stdin_pipe[2], stdout_pipe[2];
81 	register char	*input_data;
82 	char		*usernm, *mailto;
83 	int		children = 0;
84 # if defined(LOGIN_CAP)
85 	struct passwd	*pwd;
86 	login_cap_t *lc;
87 # endif
88 
89 	Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child_process('%s')\n", getpid(), e->cmd))
90 
91 	/* mark ourselves as different to PS command watchers by upshifting
92 	 * our program name.  This has no effect on some kernels.
93 	 */
94 	/*local*/{
95 		register char	*pch;
96 
97 		for (pch = ProgramName;  *pch;  pch++)
98 			*pch = MkUpper(*pch);
99 	}
100 
101 	/* discover some useful and important environment settings
102 	 */
103 	usernm = env_get("LOGNAME", e->envp);
104 	mailto = env_get("MAILTO", e->envp);
105 
106 #ifdef USE_SIGCHLD
107 	/* our parent is watching for our death by catching SIGCHLD.  we
108 	 * do not care to watch for our children's deaths this way -- we
109 	 * use wait() explictly.  so we have to disable the signal (which
110 	 * was inherited from the parent).
111 	 */
112 	(void) signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
113 #else
114 	/* on system-V systems, we are ignoring SIGCLD.  we have to stop
115 	 * ignoring it now or the wait() in cron_pclose() won't work.
116 	 * because of this, we have to wait() for our children here, as well.
117 	 */
118 	(void) signal(SIGCLD, SIG_DFL);
119 #endif /*BSD*/
120 
121 	/* create some pipes to talk to our future child
122 	 */
123 	pipe(stdin_pipe);	/* child's stdin */
124 	pipe(stdout_pipe);	/* child's stdout */
125 
126 	/* since we are a forked process, we can diddle the command string
127 	 * we were passed -- nobody else is going to use it again, right?
128 	 *
129 	 * if a % is present in the command, previous characters are the
130 	 * command, and subsequent characters are the additional input to
131 	 * the command.  Subsequent %'s will be transformed into newlines,
132 	 * but that happens later.
133 	 *
134 	 * If there are escaped %'s, remove the escape character.
135 	 */
136 	/*local*/{
137 		register int escaped = FALSE;
138 		register int ch;
139 		register char *p;
140 
141 		for (input_data = p = e->cmd; (ch = *input_data);
142 		     input_data++, p++) {
143 			if (p != input_data)
144 			    *p = ch;
145 			if (escaped) {
146 				if (ch == '%' || ch == '\\')
147 					*--p = ch;
148 				escaped = FALSE;
149 				continue;
150 			}
151 			if (ch == '\\') {
152 				escaped = TRUE;
153 				continue;
154 			}
155 			if (ch == '%') {
156 				*input_data++ = '\0';
157 				break;
158 			}
159 		}
160 		*p = '\0';
161 	}
162 
163 	/* fork again, this time so we can exec the user's command.
164 	 */
165 	switch (vfork()) {
166 	case -1:
167 		log_it("CRON",getpid(),"error","can't vfork");
168 		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
169 		/*NOTREACHED*/
170 	case 0:
171 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] grandchild process Vfork()'ed\n",
172 			      getpid()))
173 
174 		/* write a log message.  we've waited this long to do it
175 		 * because it was not until now that we knew the PID that
176 		 * the actual user command shell was going to get and the
177 		 * PID is part of the log message.
178 		 */
179 		/*local*/{
180 			char *x = mkprints((u_char *)e->cmd, strlen(e->cmd));
181 
182 			log_it(usernm, getpid(), "CMD", x);
183 			free(x);
184 		}
185 
186 		/* that's the last thing we'll log.  close the log files.
187 		 */
188 #ifdef SYSLOG
189 		closelog();
190 #endif
191 
192 		/* get new pgrp, void tty, etc.
193 		 */
194 		(void) setsid();
195 
196 		/* close the pipe ends that we won't use.  this doesn't affect
197 		 * the parent, who has to read and write them; it keeps the
198 		 * kernel from recording us as a potential client TWICE --
199 		 * which would keep it from sending SIGPIPE in otherwise
200 		 * appropriate circumstances.
201 		 */
202 		close(stdin_pipe[WRITE_PIPE]);
203 		close(stdout_pipe[READ_PIPE]);
204 
205 		/* grandchild process.  make std{in,out} be the ends of
206 		 * pipes opened by our daddy; make stderr go to stdout.
207 		 */
208 		close(STDIN);	dup2(stdin_pipe[READ_PIPE], STDIN);
209 		close(STDOUT);	dup2(stdout_pipe[WRITE_PIPE], STDOUT);
210 		close(STDERR);	dup2(STDOUT, STDERR);
211 
212 		/* close the pipes we just dup'ed.  The resources will remain.
213 		 */
214 		close(stdin_pipe[READ_PIPE]);
215 		close(stdout_pipe[WRITE_PIPE]);
216 
217 		/* set our login universe.  Do this in the grandchild
218 		 * so that the child can invoke /usr/lib/sendmail
219 		 * without surprises.
220 		 */
221 		do_univ(u);
222 
223 # if defined(LOGIN_CAP)
224 		/* Set user's entire context, but skip the environment
225 		 * as cron provides a separate interface for this
226 		 */
227 		if ((pwd = getpwnam(usernm)) == NULL)
228 			pwd = getpwuid(e->uid);
229 		lc = NULL;
230 		if (pwd != NULL) {
231 			pwd->pw_gid = e->gid;
232 			if (e->class != NULL)
233 				lc = login_getclass(e->class);
234 		}
235 		if (pwd &&
236 		    setusercontext(lc, pwd, e->uid,
237 			    LOGIN_SETALL & ~(LOGIN_SETPATH|LOGIN_SETENV)) == 0)
238 			(void) endpwent();
239 		else {
240 			/* fall back to the old method */
241 			(void) endpwent();
242 # endif
243 			/* set our directory, uid and gid.  Set gid first,
244 			 * since once we set uid, we've lost root privledges.
245 			 */
246 			setgid(e->gid);
247 # if defined(BSD)
248 			initgroups(usernm, e->gid);
249 # endif
250 			setlogin(usernm);
251 			setuid(e->uid);		/* we aren't root after this..*/
252 #if defined(LOGIN_CAP)
253 		}
254 #endif
255 		chdir(env_get("HOME", e->envp));
256 
257 		/* exec the command.
258 		 */
259 		{
260 			char	*shell = env_get("SHELL", e->envp);
261 
262 # if DEBUGGING
263 			if (DebugFlags & DTEST) {
264 				fprintf(stderr,
265 				"debug DTEST is on, not exec'ing command.\n");
266 				fprintf(stderr,
267 				"\tcmd='%s' shell='%s'\n", e->cmd, shell);
268 				_exit(OK_EXIT);
269 			}
270 # endif /*DEBUGGING*/
271 			execle(shell, shell, "-c", e->cmd, (char *)0, e->envp);
272 			warn("execl: couldn't exec `%s'", shell);
273 			_exit(ERROR_EXIT);
274 		}
275 		break;
276 	default:
277 		/* parent process */
278 		break;
279 	}
280 
281 	children++;
282 
283 	/* middle process, child of original cron, parent of process running
284 	 * the user's command.
285 	 */
286 
287 	Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child continues, closing pipes\n", getpid()))
288 
289 	/* close the ends of the pipe that will only be referenced in the
290 	 * grandchild process...
291 	 */
292 	close(stdin_pipe[READ_PIPE]);
293 	close(stdout_pipe[WRITE_PIPE]);
294 
295 	/*
296 	 * write, to the pipe connected to child's stdin, any input specified
297 	 * after a % in the crontab entry.  while we copy, convert any
298 	 * additional %'s to newlines.  when done, if some characters were
299 	 * written and the last one wasn't a newline, write a newline.
300 	 *
301 	 * Note that if the input data won't fit into one pipe buffer (2K
302 	 * or 4K on most BSD systems), and the child doesn't read its stdin,
303 	 * we would block here.  thus we must fork again.
304 	 */
305 
306 	if (*input_data && fork() == 0) {
307 		register FILE	*out = fdopen(stdin_pipe[WRITE_PIPE], "w");
308 		register int	need_newline = FALSE;
309 		register int	escaped = FALSE;
310 		register int	ch;
311 
312 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child2 sending data to grandchild\n", getpid()))
313 
314 		/* close the pipe we don't use, since we inherited it and
315 		 * are part of its reference count now.
316 		 */
317 		close(stdout_pipe[READ_PIPE]);
318 
319 		/* translation:
320 		 *	\% -> %
321 		 *	%  -> \n
322 		 *	\x -> \x	for all x != %
323 		 */
324 		while ((ch = *input_data++)) {
325 			if (escaped) {
326 				if (ch != '%')
327 					putc('\\', out);
328 			} else {
329 				if (ch == '%')
330 					ch = '\n';
331 			}
332 
333 			if (!(escaped = (ch == '\\'))) {
334 				putc(ch, out);
335 				need_newline = (ch != '\n');
336 			}
337 		}
338 		if (escaped)
339 			putc('\\', out);
340 		if (need_newline)
341 			putc('\n', out);
342 
343 		/* close the pipe, causing an EOF condition.  fclose causes
344 		 * stdin_pipe[WRITE_PIPE] to be closed, too.
345 		 */
346 		fclose(out);
347 
348 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child2 done sending to grandchild\n", getpid()))
349 		exit(0);
350 	}
351 
352 	/* close the pipe to the grandkiddie's stdin, since its wicked uncle
353 	 * ernie back there has it open and will close it when he's done.
354 	 */
355 	close(stdin_pipe[WRITE_PIPE]);
356 
357 	children++;
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * read output from the grandchild.  it's stderr has been redirected to
361 	 * it's stdout, which has been redirected to our pipe.  if there is any
362 	 * output, we'll be mailing it to the user whose crontab this is...
363 	 * when the grandchild exits, we'll get EOF.
364 	 */
365 
366 	Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] child reading output from grandchild\n", getpid()))
367 
368 	/*local*/{
369 		register FILE	*in = fdopen(stdout_pipe[READ_PIPE], "r");
370 		register int	ch = getc(in);
371 
372 		if (ch != EOF) {
373 			register FILE	*mail;
374 			register int	bytes = 1;
375 			int		status = 0;
376 
377 			Debug(DPROC|DEXT,
378 				("[%d] got data (%x:%c) from grandchild\n",
379 					getpid(), ch, ch))
380 
381 			/* get name of recipient.  this is MAILTO if set to a
382 			 * valid local username; USER otherwise.
383 			 */
384 			if (mailto) {
385 				/* MAILTO was present in the environment
386 				 */
387 				if (!*mailto) {
388 					/* ... but it's empty. set to NULL
389 					 */
390 					mailto = NULL;
391 				}
392 			} else {
393 				/* MAILTO not present, set to USER.
394 				 */
395 				mailto = usernm;
396 			}
397 
398 			/* if we are supposed to be mailing, MAILTO will
399 			 * be non-NULL.  only in this case should we set
400 			 * up the mail command and subjects and stuff...
401 			 */
402 
403 			if (mailto) {
404 				register char	**env;
405 				auto char	mailcmd[MAX_COMMAND];
406 				auto char	hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
407 
408 				(void) gethostname(hostname, MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
409 				(void) snprintf(mailcmd, sizeof(mailcmd),
410 					       MAILARGS, MAILCMD);
411 				if (!(mail = cron_popen(mailcmd, "w"))) {
412 					warn("%s", MAILCMD);
413 					(void) _exit(ERROR_EXIT);
414 				}
415 				fprintf(mail, "From: root (Cron Daemon)\n");
416 				fprintf(mail, "To: %s\n", mailto);
417 				fprintf(mail, "Subject: Cron <%s@%s> %s\n",
418 					usernm, first_word(hostname, "."),
419 					e->cmd);
420 # if defined(MAIL_DATE)
421 				fprintf(mail, "Date: %s\n",
422 					arpadate(&TargetTime));
423 # endif /* MAIL_DATE */
424 				for (env = e->envp;  *env;  env++)
425 					fprintf(mail, "X-Cron-Env: <%s>\n",
426 						*env);
427 				fprintf(mail, "\n");
428 
429 				/* this was the first char from the pipe
430 				 */
431 				putc(ch, mail);
432 			}
433 
434 			/* we have to read the input pipe no matter whether
435 			 * we mail or not, but obviously we only write to
436 			 * mail pipe if we ARE mailing.
437 			 */
438 
439 			while (EOF != (ch = getc(in))) {
440 				bytes++;
441 				if (mailto)
442 					putc(ch, mail);
443 			}
444 
445 			/* only close pipe if we opened it -- i.e., we're
446 			 * mailing...
447 			 */
448 
449 			if (mailto) {
450 				Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] closing pipe to mail\n",
451 					getpid()))
452 				/* Note: the pclose will probably see
453 				 * the termination of the grandchild
454 				 * in addition to the mail process, since
455 				 * it (the grandchild) is likely to exit
456 				 * after closing its stdout.
457 				 */
458 				status = cron_pclose(mail);
459 			}
460 
461 			/* if there was output and we could not mail it,
462 			 * log the facts so the poor user can figure out
463 			 * what's going on.
464 			 */
465 			if (mailto && status) {
466 				char buf[MAX_TEMPSTR];
467 
468 				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
469 			"mailed %d byte%s of output but got status 0x%04x\n",
470 					bytes, (bytes==1)?"":"s",
471 					status);
472 				log_it(usernm, getpid(), "MAIL", buf);
473 			}
474 
475 		} /*if data from grandchild*/
476 
477 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] got EOF from grandchild\n", getpid()))
478 
479 		fclose(in);	/* also closes stdout_pipe[READ_PIPE] */
480 	}
481 
482 	/* wait for children to die.
483 	 */
484 	for (;  children > 0;  children--)
485 	{
486 		WAIT_T		waiter;
487 		PID_T		pid;
488 
489 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] waiting for grandchild #%d to finish\n",
490 			getpid(), children))
491 		pid = wait(&waiter);
492 		if (pid < OK) {
493 			Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] no more grandchildren--mail written?\n",
494 				getpid()))
495 			break;
496 		}
497 		Debug(DPROC, ("[%d] grandchild #%d finished, status=%04x",
498 			getpid(), pid, WEXITSTATUS(waiter)))
499 		if (WIFSIGNALED(waiter) && WCOREDUMP(waiter))
500 			Debug(DPROC, (", dumped core"))
501 		Debug(DPROC, ("\n"))
502 	}
503 }
504 
505 
506 static void
507 do_univ(u)
508 	user	*u;
509 {
510 #if defined(sequent)
511 /* Dynix (Sequent) hack to put the user associated with
512  * the passed user structure into the ATT universe if
513  * necessary.  We have to dig the gecos info out of
514  * the user's password entry to see if the magic
515  * "universe(att)" string is present.
516  */
517 
518 	struct	passwd	*p;
519 	char	*s;
520 	int	i;
521 
522 	p = getpwuid(u->uid);
523 	(void) endpwent();
524 
525 	if (p == NULL)
526 		return;
527 
528 	s = p->pw_gecos;
529 
530 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
531 	{
532 		if ((s = strchr(s, ',')) == NULL)
533 			return;
534 		s++;
535 	}
536 	if (strcmp(s, "universe(att)"))
537 		return;
538 
539 	(void) universe(U_ATT);
540 #endif
541 }
542