bsdinstall/scripts/pkgbase.in

#!/usr/libexec/flua

-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
--
-- Copyright(c) 2025 The FreeBSD Foundation.
--
-- This software was developed by Isaac Freund <ifreund@freebsdfoundation.org>
-- under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.

local sys_wait = require("posix.sys.wait")
local unistd = require("posix.unistd")

local all_libcompats <const> = "%%_ALL_libcompats%%"

-- Run a command using the OS shell and capture the stdout
-- Strips exactly one trailing newline if present, does not strip any other whitespace.
-- Asserts that the command exits cleanly
local function capture(command)
	local p = io.popen(command)
	local output = p:read("*a")
	assert(p:close())
	-- Strip exactly one trailing newline from the output, if there is one
	return output:match("(.-)\n$") or output
end

local function append_list(list, other)
	for _, item in ipairs(other) do
		table.insert(list, item)
	end
end

-- Read from the given fd until EOF
-- Returns all the data read as a single string
local function read_all(fd)
	local ret = ""
	repeat
		local buffer = assert(unistd.read(fd, 1024))
		ret = ret .. buffer
	until buffer == ""
	return ret
end

-- Run bsddialog with the given argument list
-- Returns the exit code and stderr output of bsddialog
local function bsddialog(args)
	local r, w = assert(unistd.pipe())

	local pid = assert(unistd.fork())
	if pid == 0 then
		assert(unistd.close(r))
		assert(unistd.dup2(w, 2))
		assert(unistd.execp("bsddialog", args))
		unistd._exit()
	end
	assert(unistd.close(w))

	local output = read_all(r)
	assert(unistd.close(r))

	local _, _, exit_code = assert(sys_wait.wait(pid))
	return exit_code, output
end

-- Prompts the user for a yes/no answer to the given question using bsddialog
-- Returns true if the user answers yes and false if the user answers no.
local function prompt_yn(question)
	local exit_code = bsddialog({
		"--yesno",
		"--disable-esc",
		question,
		0, 0, -- autosize
	})
	return exit_code == 0
end

-- Creates a dialog for component selection mirroring the
-- traditional tarball component selection dialog.
local function select_components(components, options)
	local descriptions = {
		["kernel-dbg"] = "Debug symbols for the kernel",
		["devel"] = "C/C++ compilers and related utilities",
		["base"] = "The complete base system (includes devel)",
		["src"] = "System source tree",
		["tests"] = "Test suite",
		["lib32"] = "32-bit compatibility libraries",
		["debug"] = "Debug symbols for the selected components",
	}

	-- These defaults match what the non-pkgbase installer selects
	-- by default.
	local defaults = {
		["base"] = "on",
		["kernel-dbg"] = "on",
	}
	-- Enable compat sets by default.
	for compat in all_libcompats:gmatch("%S+") do
		defaults["lib" .. compat] = "on"
	end

	-- Sorting the components is necessary to ensure that the ordering is
	-- consistent in the UI.
	local sorted_components = {}
	for component, _ in pairs(components) do
		-- Decide which sets we want to offer to the user:
		--
		-- "minimal" is not offered since it's always included.
		--
		-- "-dbg" sets are never offered, because those are handled
		-- via the "debug" component.
		--
		-- "kernels" is never offered because we only want one kernel,
		-- which is handled separately.
		--
		-- Sets whose name ends in "-jail" are intended for jails, and
		-- are only offered if no_kernel is set.
		if not component:match("^minimal") and
		   not component:match("%-dbg$") and
		   not (component == "kernels") and
		   not (not options.no_kernel and component:match("%-jail$")) then
			table.insert(sorted_components, component)
		end
	end
	table.sort(sorted_components)

	local checklist_items = {}
	for _, component in ipairs(sorted_components) do
		if component ~= "kernel" and not
		    (component == "kernel-dbg" and options.no_kernel) then
			local description = descriptions[component] or ""
			local default = defaults[component] or "off"
			table.insert(checklist_items, component)
			table.insert(checklist_items, description)
			table.insert(checklist_items, default)
		end
	end

	local bsddialog_args = {
		"--backtitle", "FreeBSD Installer",
		"--title", "Select System Components",
		"--nocancel",
		"--disable-esc",
		"--separate-output",
		"--checklist",
		"A minimal set of packages suitable for a multi-user system "..
		"is always installed.  Select additional packages you wish "..
		"to install:",
		"0", "0", "0", -- autosize
	}
	append_list(bsddialog_args, checklist_items)

	local exit_code, output = bsddialog(bsddialog_args)
	-- This should only be possible if bsddialog is killed by a signal
	-- or buggy, we disable the cancel option and esc key.
	-- If this does happen, there's not much we can do except exit with a
	-- hopefully useful stack trace.
	assert(exit_code == 0)

	-- Always install the minimal set, since it's required for the system
	-- to work.  The base set depends on minimal, but it's fine to install
	-- both, and this way the user can remove the base set without pkg
	-- autoremove then trying to remove minimal.
	local selected = {"minimal"}

	if not options.no_kernel then
		table.insert(selected, "kernel")
	end

	for component in output:gmatch("[^\n]+") do
		table.insert(selected, component)
	end

	return selected
end

-- Returns a list of pkgbase packages selected by the user
local function select_packages(pkg, options)
	-- These are the components which aren't generated automatically from
	-- package sets.
	local components = {
		["kernel"] = {},
		["kernel-dbg"] = {},
		["debug"] = {},
	}

	local rquery = capture(pkg .. "rquery -U -r FreeBSD-base %n")
	for package in rquery:gmatch("[^\n]+") do
		local setname = package:match("^FreeBSD%-set%-(.+)$")

		if setname then
			components[setname] = components[setname] or {}
			table.insert(components[setname], package)
		elseif package:match("^FreeBSD%-kernel%-.*") and
			package ~= "FreeBSD-kernel-man"
		then
			-- Kernels other than FreeBSD-kernel-generic are ignored
			if package == "FreeBSD-kernel-generic" then
				table.insert(components["kernel"], package)
			elseif package == "FreeBSD-kernel-generic-dbg" then
				table.insert(components["kernel-dbg"], package)
			end
		end
	end

	-- Assert that both a kernel and the "minimal" set are available, since
	-- those are both required to install a functional system.  Don't worry
	-- if other sets are missing (e.g. base or src), which might happen
	-- when using custom install media.
	assert(#components["kernel"] == 1)
	assert(#components["minimal"] == 1)

	-- Prompt the user for what to install.
	local selected = select_components(components, options)

	-- Determine if the "debug" component was selected.
	local debug = false
	for _, component in ipairs(selected) do
		if component == "debug" then
			debug = true
			break
		end
	end

	local packages = {}
	for _, component in ipairs(selected) do
		local pkglist = components[component]
		append_list(packages, pkglist)

		-- If the debug component was selected, install the -dbg
		-- package for each set.  We have to check if the dbg set
		-- actually exists, because some sets (src, tests) don't
		-- have a -dbg subpackage.
		for _, c in ipairs(pkglist) do
			local setname = c:match("^FreeBSD%-set%-(.*)$")
			if debug and setname then
				local dbgset = setname.."-dbg"
				if components[dbgset] then
					append_list(packages, components[dbgset])
				end
			end
		end
	end

	return packages
end

local function parse_options()
	local options = {}
	for _, a in ipairs(arg) do
		if a == "--no-kernel" then
			options.no_kernel = true
		else
			io.stderr:write("Error: unknown option " .. a .. "\n")
			os.exit(1)
		end
	end
	return options
end

-- Fetch and install pkgbase packages to BSDINSTALL_CHROOT.
-- Respect BSDINSTALL_PKG_REPOS_DIR if set, otherwise use pkg.freebsd.org.
local function pkgbase()
	local options = parse_options()

	-- TODO Support fully offline pkgbase installation by taking a new enough
	-- version of pkg.pkg as input.
	if not os.execute("pkg -N > /dev/null 2>&1") then
		print("Bootstrapping pkg on the host system")
		assert(os.execute("pkg bootstrap -y"))
	end

	local chroot = assert(os.getenv("BSDINSTALL_CHROOT"))
	assert(os.execute("mkdir -p " .. chroot))

	-- Always install the default FreeBSD-base.conf file to the chroot, even
	-- if we don't actually fetch the packages from the repository specified
	-- there (e.g. because we are performing an offline installation).
	local chroot_repos_dir = chroot .. "/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/"
	assert(os.execute("mkdir -p " .. chroot_repos_dir))
	assert(os.execute("cp /usr/share/bsdinstall/FreeBSD-base.conf " ..
		chroot_repos_dir))

	local repos_dir = os.getenv("BSDINSTALL_PKG_REPOS_DIR")
	if not repos_dir then
		repos_dir = chroot_repos_dir
		-- Since pkg always interprets fingerprints paths as relative to
		-- the --rootdir we must copy the key from the host.
		assert(os.execute("mkdir -p " .. chroot .. "/usr/share/keys"))
		assert(os.execute("cp -R /usr/share/keys/pkg " .. chroot .. "/usr/share/keys/"))
	end

	-- We must use --repo-conf-dir rather than -o REPOS_DIR here as the latter
	-- is interpreted relative to the --rootdir. BSDINSTALL_PKG_REPOS_DIR must
	-- be allowed to point to a path outside the chroot.
	local pkg = "pkg --rootdir " .. chroot ..
		" --repo-conf-dir " .. repos_dir .. " -o IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes "

	while not os.execute(pkg .. "update") do
		if not prompt_yn("Updating repositories failed, try again?") then
			os.exit(1)
		end
	end

	local packages = table.concat(select_packages(pkg, options), " ")

	while not os.execute(pkg .. "install -U -F -y -r FreeBSD-base " .. packages) do
		if not prompt_yn("Fetching packages failed, try again?") then
			os.exit(1)
		end
	end

	if not os.execute(pkg .. "install -U -y -r FreeBSD-base " .. packages) then
		os.exit(1)
	end
end

pkgbase()