xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/bhyve/uart_emul.c (revision 84dfba8d183d31e3412639ecb4b8ad4433cf7e80)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 NetApp, Inc.
3  * Copyright (c) 2013 Neel Natu <neel@freebsd.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32 
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <dev/ic/ns16550.h>
35 
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <assert.h>
39 #include <termios.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 #include <stdbool.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <pthread.h>
44 
45 #include "mevent.h"
46 #include "uart_emul.h"
47 
48 #define	COM1_BASE      	0x3F8
49 #define COM1_IRQ	4
50 #define	COM2_BASE      	0x2F8
51 #define COM2_IRQ	3
52 
53 #define	DEFAULT_RCLK	1843200
54 #define	DEFAULT_BAUD	9600
55 
56 #define	FCR_RX_MASK	0xC0
57 
58 #define	MCR_OUT1	0x04
59 #define	MCR_OUT2	0x08
60 
61 #define	MSR_DELTA_MASK	0x0f
62 
63 #ifndef REG_SCR
64 #define REG_SCR		com_scr
65 #endif
66 
67 #define	FIFOSZ	16
68 
69 static bool uart_stdio;		/* stdio in use for i/o */
70 
71 static struct {
72 	int	baseaddr;
73 	int	irq;
74 	bool	inuse;
75 } uart_lres[] = {
76 	{ COM1_BASE, COM1_IRQ, false},
77 	{ COM2_BASE, COM2_IRQ, false},
78 };
79 
80 #define	UART_NLDEVS	(sizeof(uart_lres) / sizeof(uart_lres[0]))
81 
82 struct fifo {
83 	uint8_t	buf[FIFOSZ];
84 	int	rindex;		/* index to read from */
85 	int	windex;		/* index to write to */
86 	int	num;		/* number of characters in the fifo */
87 	int	size;		/* size of the fifo */
88 };
89 
90 struct uart_softc {
91 	pthread_mutex_t mtx;	/* protects all softc elements */
92 	uint8_t	data;		/* Data register (R/W) */
93 	uint8_t ier;		/* Interrupt enable register (R/W) */
94 	uint8_t lcr;		/* Line control register (R/W) */
95 	uint8_t mcr;		/* Modem control register (R/W) */
96 	uint8_t lsr;		/* Line status register (R/W) */
97 	uint8_t msr;		/* Modem status register (R/W) */
98 	uint8_t fcr;		/* FIFO control register (W) */
99 	uint8_t scr;		/* Scratch register (R/W) */
100 
101 	uint8_t dll;		/* Baudrate divisor latch LSB */
102 	uint8_t dlh;		/* Baudrate divisor latch MSB */
103 
104 	struct fifo rxfifo;
105 
106 	bool	opened;
107 	bool	stdio;
108 	bool	thre_int_pending;	/* THRE interrupt pending */
109 
110 	void	*arg;
111 	uart_intr_func_t intr_assert;
112 	uart_intr_func_t intr_deassert;
113 };
114 
115 static void uart_drain(int fd, enum ev_type ev, void *arg);
116 
117 static struct termios tio_orig, tio_new;	/* I/O Terminals */
118 
119 static void
120 ttyclose(void)
121 {
122 
123 	tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &tio_orig);
124 }
125 
126 static void
127 ttyopen(void)
128 {
129 
130 	tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &tio_orig);
131 
132 	cfmakeraw(&tio_new);
133 	tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &tio_new);
134 
135 	atexit(ttyclose);
136 }
137 
138 static bool
139 tty_char_available(void)
140 {
141 	fd_set rfds;
142 	struct timeval tv;
143 
144 	FD_ZERO(&rfds);
145 	FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rfds);
146 	tv.tv_sec = 0;
147 	tv.tv_usec = 0;
148 	if (select(STDIN_FILENO + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv) > 0 ) {
149 		return (true);
150 	} else {
151 		return (false);
152 	}
153 }
154 
155 static int
156 ttyread(void)
157 {
158 	char rb;
159 
160 	if (tty_char_available()) {
161 		read(STDIN_FILENO, &rb, 1);
162 		return (rb & 0xff);
163 	} else {
164 		return (-1);
165 	}
166 }
167 
168 static void
169 ttywrite(unsigned char wb)
170 {
171 
172 	(void)write(STDIN_FILENO, &wb, 1);
173 }
174 
175 static void
176 fifo_reset(struct fifo *fifo, int size)
177 {
178 
179 	bzero(fifo, sizeof(struct fifo));
180 	fifo->size = size;
181 }
182 
183 static int
184 fifo_putchar(struct fifo *fifo, uint8_t ch)
185 {
186 
187 	if (fifo->num < fifo->size) {
188 		fifo->buf[fifo->windex] = ch;
189 		fifo->windex = (fifo->windex + 1) % fifo->size;
190 		fifo->num++;
191 		return (0);
192 	} else
193 		return (-1);
194 }
195 
196 static int
197 fifo_getchar(struct fifo *fifo)
198 {
199 	int c;
200 
201 	if (fifo->num > 0) {
202 		c = fifo->buf[fifo->rindex];
203 		fifo->rindex = (fifo->rindex + 1) % fifo->size;
204 		fifo->num--;
205 		return (c);
206 	} else
207 		return (-1);
208 }
209 
210 static int
211 fifo_numchars(struct fifo *fifo)
212 {
213 
214 	return (fifo->num);
215 }
216 
217 static int
218 fifo_available(struct fifo *fifo)
219 {
220 
221 	return (fifo->num < fifo->size);
222 }
223 
224 static void
225 uart_opentty(struct uart_softc *sc)
226 {
227 	struct mevent *mev;
228 
229 	assert(!sc->opened && sc->stdio);
230 
231 	ttyopen();
232 	mev = mevent_add(STDIN_FILENO, EVF_READ, uart_drain, sc);
233 	assert(mev);
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * The IIR returns a prioritized interrupt reason:
238  * - receive data available
239  * - transmit holding register empty
240  * - modem status change
241  *
242  * Return an interrupt reason if one is available.
243  */
244 static int
245 uart_intr_reason(struct uart_softc *sc)
246 {
247 
248 	if ((sc->lsr & LSR_OE) != 0 && (sc->ier & IER_ERLS) != 0)
249 		return (IIR_RLS);
250 	else if (fifo_numchars(&sc->rxfifo) > 0 && (sc->ier & IER_ERXRDY) != 0)
251 		return (IIR_RXTOUT);
252 	else if (sc->thre_int_pending && (sc->ier & IER_ETXRDY) != 0)
253 		return (IIR_TXRDY);
254 	else if ((sc->msr & MSR_DELTA_MASK) != 0 && (sc->ier & IER_EMSC) != 0)
255 		return (IIR_MLSC);
256 	else
257 		return (IIR_NOPEND);
258 }
259 
260 static void
261 uart_reset(struct uart_softc *sc)
262 {
263 	uint16_t divisor;
264 
265 	divisor = DEFAULT_RCLK / DEFAULT_BAUD / 16;
266 	sc->dll = divisor;
267 	sc->dlh = divisor >> 16;
268 
269 	fifo_reset(&sc->rxfifo, 1);	/* no fifo until enabled by software */
270 }
271 
272 /*
273  * Toggle the COM port's intr pin depending on whether or not we have an
274  * interrupt condition to report to the processor.
275  */
276 static void
277 uart_toggle_intr(struct uart_softc *sc)
278 {
279 	uint8_t intr_reason;
280 
281 	intr_reason = uart_intr_reason(sc);
282 
283 	if (intr_reason == IIR_NOPEND)
284 		(*sc->intr_deassert)(sc->arg);
285 	else
286 		(*sc->intr_assert)(sc->arg);
287 }
288 
289 static void
290 uart_drain(int fd, enum ev_type ev, void *arg)
291 {
292 	struct uart_softc *sc;
293 	int ch;
294 
295 	sc = arg;
296 
297 	assert(fd == STDIN_FILENO);
298 	assert(ev == EVF_READ);
299 
300 	/*
301 	 * This routine is called in the context of the mevent thread
302 	 * to take out the softc lock to protect against concurrent
303 	 * access from a vCPU i/o exit
304 	 */
305 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
306 
307 	if ((sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
308 		(void) ttyread();
309 	} else {
310 		while (fifo_available(&sc->rxfifo) &&
311 		       ((ch = ttyread()) != -1)) {
312 			fifo_putchar(&sc->rxfifo, ch);
313 		}
314 		uart_toggle_intr(sc);
315 	}
316 
317 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
318 }
319 
320 void
321 uart_write(struct uart_softc *sc, int offset, uint8_t value)
322 {
323 	int fifosz;
324 	uint8_t msr;
325 
326 	/* Open terminal */
327 	if (!sc->opened && sc->stdio) {
328 		uart_opentty(sc);
329 		sc->opened = true;
330 	}
331 
332 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Take care of the special case DLAB accesses first
336 	 */
337 	if ((sc->lcr & LCR_DLAB) != 0) {
338 		if (offset == REG_DLL) {
339 			sc->dll = value;
340 			goto done;
341 		}
342 
343 		if (offset == REG_DLH) {
344 			sc->dlh = value;
345 			goto done;
346 		}
347 	}
348 
349         switch (offset) {
350 	case REG_DATA:
351 		if (sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) {
352 			if (fifo_putchar(&sc->rxfifo, value) != 0)
353 				sc->lsr |= LSR_OE;
354 		} else if (sc->stdio) {
355 			ttywrite(value);
356 		} /* else drop on floor */
357 		sc->thre_int_pending = true;
358 		break;
359 	case REG_IER:
360 		/*
361 		 * Apply mask so that bits 4-7 are 0
362 		 * Also enables bits 0-3 only if they're 1
363 		 */
364 		sc->ier = value & 0x0F;
365 		break;
366 		case REG_FCR:
367 			/*
368 			 * When moving from FIFO and 16450 mode and vice versa,
369 			 * the FIFO contents are reset.
370 			 */
371 			if ((sc->fcr & FCR_ENABLE) ^ (value & FCR_ENABLE)) {
372 				fifosz = (value & FCR_ENABLE) ? FIFOSZ : 1;
373 				fifo_reset(&sc->rxfifo, fifosz);
374 			}
375 
376 			/*
377 			 * The FCR_ENABLE bit must be '1' for the programming
378 			 * of other FCR bits to be effective.
379 			 */
380 			if ((value & FCR_ENABLE) == 0) {
381 				sc->fcr = 0;
382 			} else {
383 				if ((value & FCR_RCV_RST) != 0)
384 					fifo_reset(&sc->rxfifo, FIFOSZ);
385 
386 				sc->fcr = value &
387 					 (FCR_ENABLE | FCR_DMA | FCR_RX_MASK);
388 			}
389 			break;
390 		case REG_LCR:
391 			sc->lcr = value;
392 			break;
393 		case REG_MCR:
394 			/* Apply mask so that bits 5-7 are 0 */
395 			sc->mcr = value & 0x1F;
396 
397 			msr = 0;
398 			if (sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) {
399 				/*
400 				 * In the loopback mode certain bits from the
401 				 * MCR are reflected back into MSR
402 				 */
403 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_RTS)
404 					msr |= MSR_CTS;
405 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_DTR)
406 					msr |= MSR_DSR;
407 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_OUT1)
408 					msr |= MSR_RI;
409 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_OUT2)
410 					msr |= MSR_DCD;
411 			}
412 
413 			/*
414 			 * Detect if there has been any change between the
415 			 * previous and the new value of MSR. If there is
416 			 * then assert the appropriate MSR delta bit.
417 			 */
418 			if ((msr & MSR_CTS) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_CTS))
419 				sc->msr |= MSR_DCTS;
420 			if ((msr & MSR_DSR) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_DSR))
421 				sc->msr |= MSR_DDSR;
422 			if ((msr & MSR_DCD) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_DCD))
423 				sc->msr |= MSR_DDCD;
424 			if ((sc->msr & MSR_RI) != 0 && (msr & MSR_RI) == 0)
425 				sc->msr |= MSR_TERI;
426 
427 			/*
428 			 * Update the value of MSR while retaining the delta
429 			 * bits.
430 			 */
431 			sc->msr &= MSR_DELTA_MASK;
432 			sc->msr |= msr;
433 			break;
434 		case REG_LSR:
435 			/*
436 			 * Line status register is not meant to be written to
437 			 * during normal operation.
438 			 */
439 			break;
440 		case REG_MSR:
441 			/*
442 			 * As far as I can tell MSR is a read-only register.
443 			 */
444 			break;
445 		case REG_SCR:
446 			sc->scr = value;
447 			break;
448 		default:
449 			break;
450 	}
451 
452 done:
453 	uart_toggle_intr(sc);
454 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
455 }
456 
457 uint8_t
458 uart_read(struct uart_softc *sc, int offset)
459 {
460 	uint8_t iir, intr_reason, reg;
461 
462 	/* Open terminal */
463 	if (!sc->opened && sc->stdio) {
464 		uart_opentty(sc);
465 		sc->opened = true;
466 	}
467 
468 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Take care of the special case DLAB accesses first
472 	 */
473 	if ((sc->lcr & LCR_DLAB) != 0) {
474 		if (offset == REG_DLL) {
475 			reg = sc->dll;
476 			goto done;
477 		}
478 
479 		if (offset == REG_DLH) {
480 			reg = sc->dlh;
481 			goto done;
482 		}
483 	}
484 
485 	switch (offset) {
486 	case REG_DATA:
487 		reg = fifo_getchar(&sc->rxfifo);
488 		break;
489 	case REG_IER:
490 		reg = sc->ier;
491 		break;
492 	case REG_IIR:
493 		iir = (sc->fcr & FCR_ENABLE) ? IIR_FIFO_MASK : 0;
494 
495 		intr_reason = uart_intr_reason(sc);
496 
497 		/*
498 		 * Deal with side effects of reading the IIR register
499 		 */
500 		if (intr_reason == IIR_TXRDY)
501 			sc->thre_int_pending = false;
502 
503 		iir |= intr_reason;
504 
505 		reg = iir;
506 		break;
507 	case REG_LCR:
508 		reg = sc->lcr;
509 		break;
510 	case REG_MCR:
511 		reg = sc->mcr;
512 		break;
513 	case REG_LSR:
514 		/* Transmitter is always ready for more data */
515 		sc->lsr |= LSR_TEMT | LSR_THRE;
516 
517 		/* Check for new receive data */
518 		if (fifo_numchars(&sc->rxfifo) > 0)
519 			sc->lsr |= LSR_RXRDY;
520 		else
521 			sc->lsr &= ~LSR_RXRDY;
522 
523 		reg = sc->lsr;
524 
525 		/* The LSR_OE bit is cleared on LSR read */
526 		sc->lsr &= ~LSR_OE;
527 		break;
528 	case REG_MSR:
529 		/*
530 		 * MSR delta bits are cleared on read
531 		 */
532 		reg = sc->msr;
533 		sc->msr &= ~MSR_DELTA_MASK;
534 		break;
535 	case REG_SCR:
536 		reg = sc->scr;
537 		break;
538 	default:
539 		reg = 0xFF;
540 		break;
541 	}
542 
543 done:
544 	uart_toggle_intr(sc);
545 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
546 
547 	return (reg);
548 }
549 
550 int
551 uart_legacy_alloc(int which, int *baseaddr, int *irq)
552 {
553 
554 	if (which < 0 || which >= UART_NLDEVS || uart_lres[which].inuse)
555 		return (-1);
556 
557 	uart_lres[which].inuse = true;
558 	*baseaddr = uart_lres[which].baseaddr;
559 	*irq = uart_lres[which].irq;
560 
561 	return (0);
562 }
563 
564 struct uart_softc *
565 uart_init(uart_intr_func_t intr_assert, uart_intr_func_t intr_deassert,
566     void *arg)
567 {
568 	struct uart_softc *sc;
569 
570 	sc = malloc(sizeof(struct uart_softc));
571 	bzero(sc, sizeof(struct uart_softc));
572 
573 	sc->arg = arg;
574 	sc->intr_assert = intr_assert;
575 	sc->intr_deassert = intr_deassert;
576 
577 	pthread_mutex_init(&sc->mtx, NULL);
578 
579 	uart_reset(sc);
580 
581 	return (sc);
582 }
583 
584 int
585 uart_set_backend(struct uart_softc *sc, const char *opts)
586 {
587 	/*
588 	 * XXX one stdio backend supported at this time.
589 	 */
590 	if (opts == NULL)
591 		return (0);
592 
593 	if (strcmp("stdio", opts) == 0 && !uart_stdio) {
594 		sc->stdio = true;
595 		uart_stdio = true;
596 		return (0);
597 	} else
598 		return (-1);
599 }
600