xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/bhyve/uart_emul.c (revision 313376588638950ba1e93c403dd8c97bc52fd3a2)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 NetApp, Inc.
3  * Copyright (c) 2013 Neel Natu <neel@freebsd.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32 
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <dev/ic/ns16550.h>
35 
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <assert.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <termios.h>
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #include <stdbool.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <pthread.h>
45 
46 #include "mevent.h"
47 #include "uart_emul.h"
48 
49 #define	COM1_BASE      	0x3F8
50 #define COM1_IRQ	4
51 #define	COM2_BASE      	0x2F8
52 #define COM2_IRQ	3
53 
54 #define	DEFAULT_RCLK	1843200
55 #define	DEFAULT_BAUD	9600
56 
57 #define	FCR_RX_MASK	0xC0
58 
59 #define	MCR_OUT1	0x04
60 #define	MCR_OUT2	0x08
61 
62 #define	MSR_DELTA_MASK	0x0f
63 
64 #ifndef REG_SCR
65 #define REG_SCR		com_scr
66 #endif
67 
68 #define	FIFOSZ	16
69 
70 static bool uart_stdio;		/* stdio in use for i/o */
71 static struct termios tio_stdio_orig;
72 
73 static struct {
74 	int	baseaddr;
75 	int	irq;
76 	bool	inuse;
77 } uart_lres[] = {
78 	{ COM1_BASE, COM1_IRQ, false},
79 	{ COM2_BASE, COM2_IRQ, false},
80 };
81 
82 #define	UART_NLDEVS	(sizeof(uart_lres) / sizeof(uart_lres[0]))
83 
84 struct fifo {
85 	uint8_t	buf[FIFOSZ];
86 	int	rindex;		/* index to read from */
87 	int	windex;		/* index to write to */
88 	int	num;		/* number of characters in the fifo */
89 	int	size;		/* size of the fifo */
90 };
91 
92 struct ttyfd {
93 	bool	opened;
94 	int	fd;		/* tty device file descriptor */
95 	struct termios tio_orig, tio_new;    /* I/O Terminals */
96 };
97 
98 struct uart_softc {
99 	pthread_mutex_t mtx;	/* protects all softc elements */
100 	uint8_t	data;		/* Data register (R/W) */
101 	uint8_t ier;		/* Interrupt enable register (R/W) */
102 	uint8_t lcr;		/* Line control register (R/W) */
103 	uint8_t mcr;		/* Modem control register (R/W) */
104 	uint8_t lsr;		/* Line status register (R/W) */
105 	uint8_t msr;		/* Modem status register (R/W) */
106 	uint8_t fcr;		/* FIFO control register (W) */
107 	uint8_t scr;		/* Scratch register (R/W) */
108 
109 	uint8_t dll;		/* Baudrate divisor latch LSB */
110 	uint8_t dlh;		/* Baudrate divisor latch MSB */
111 
112 	struct fifo rxfifo;
113 	struct mevent *mev;
114 
115 	struct ttyfd tty;
116 	bool	thre_int_pending;	/* THRE interrupt pending */
117 
118 	void	*arg;
119 	uart_intr_func_t intr_assert;
120 	uart_intr_func_t intr_deassert;
121 };
122 
123 static void uart_drain(int fd, enum ev_type ev, void *arg);
124 
125 static void
126 ttyclose(void)
127 {
128 
129 	tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &tio_stdio_orig);
130 }
131 
132 static void
133 ttyopen(struct ttyfd *tf)
134 {
135 
136 	tcgetattr(tf->fd, &tf->tio_orig);
137 
138 	tf->tio_new = tf->tio_orig;
139 	cfmakeraw(&tf->tio_new);
140 	tf->tio_new.c_cflag |= CLOCAL;
141 	tcsetattr(tf->fd, TCSANOW, &tf->tio_new);
142 
143 	if (tf->fd == STDIN_FILENO) {
144 		tio_stdio_orig = tf->tio_orig;
145 		atexit(ttyclose);
146 	}
147 }
148 
149 static int
150 ttyread(struct ttyfd *tf)
151 {
152 	unsigned char rb;
153 
154 	if (read(tf->fd, &rb, 1) == 1)
155 		return (rb);
156 	else
157 		return (-1);
158 }
159 
160 static void
161 ttywrite(struct ttyfd *tf, unsigned char wb)
162 {
163 
164 	(void)write(tf->fd, &wb, 1);
165 }
166 
167 static void
168 rxfifo_reset(struct uart_softc *sc, int size)
169 {
170 	char flushbuf[32];
171 	struct fifo *fifo;
172 	ssize_t nread;
173 	int error;
174 
175 	fifo = &sc->rxfifo;
176 	bzero(fifo, sizeof(struct fifo));
177 	fifo->size = size;
178 
179 	if (sc->tty.opened) {
180 		/*
181 		 * Flush any unread input from the tty buffer.
182 		 */
183 		while (1) {
184 			nread = read(sc->tty.fd, flushbuf, sizeof(flushbuf));
185 			if (nread != sizeof(flushbuf))
186 				break;
187 		}
188 
189 		/*
190 		 * Enable mevent to trigger when new characters are available
191 		 * on the tty fd.
192 		 */
193 		error = mevent_enable(sc->mev);
194 		assert(error == 0);
195 	}
196 }
197 
198 static int
199 rxfifo_available(struct uart_softc *sc)
200 {
201 	struct fifo *fifo;
202 
203 	fifo = &sc->rxfifo;
204 	return (fifo->num < fifo->size);
205 }
206 
207 static int
208 rxfifo_putchar(struct uart_softc *sc, uint8_t ch)
209 {
210 	struct fifo *fifo;
211 	int error;
212 
213 	fifo = &sc->rxfifo;
214 
215 	if (fifo->num < fifo->size) {
216 		fifo->buf[fifo->windex] = ch;
217 		fifo->windex = (fifo->windex + 1) % fifo->size;
218 		fifo->num++;
219 		if (!rxfifo_available(sc)) {
220 			if (sc->tty.opened) {
221 				/*
222 				 * Disable mevent callback if the FIFO is full.
223 				 */
224 				error = mevent_disable(sc->mev);
225 				assert(error == 0);
226 			}
227 		}
228 		return (0);
229 	} else
230 		return (-1);
231 }
232 
233 static int
234 rxfifo_getchar(struct uart_softc *sc)
235 {
236 	struct fifo *fifo;
237 	int c, error, wasfull;
238 
239 	wasfull = 0;
240 	fifo = &sc->rxfifo;
241 	if (fifo->num > 0) {
242 		if (!rxfifo_available(sc))
243 			wasfull = 1;
244 		c = fifo->buf[fifo->rindex];
245 		fifo->rindex = (fifo->rindex + 1) % fifo->size;
246 		fifo->num--;
247 		if (wasfull) {
248 			if (sc->tty.opened) {
249 				error = mevent_enable(sc->mev);
250 				assert(error == 0);
251 			}
252 		}
253 		return (c);
254 	} else
255 		return (-1);
256 }
257 
258 static int
259 rxfifo_numchars(struct uart_softc *sc)
260 {
261 	struct fifo *fifo = &sc->rxfifo;
262 
263 	return (fifo->num);
264 }
265 
266 static void
267 uart_opentty(struct uart_softc *sc)
268 {
269 
270 	ttyopen(&sc->tty);
271 	sc->mev = mevent_add(sc->tty.fd, EVF_READ, uart_drain, sc);
272 	assert(sc->mev != NULL);
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * The IIR returns a prioritized interrupt reason:
277  * - receive data available
278  * - transmit holding register empty
279  * - modem status change
280  *
281  * Return an interrupt reason if one is available.
282  */
283 static int
284 uart_intr_reason(struct uart_softc *sc)
285 {
286 
287 	if ((sc->lsr & LSR_OE) != 0 && (sc->ier & IER_ERLS) != 0)
288 		return (IIR_RLS);
289 	else if (rxfifo_numchars(sc) > 0 && (sc->ier & IER_ERXRDY) != 0)
290 		return (IIR_RXTOUT);
291 	else if (sc->thre_int_pending && (sc->ier & IER_ETXRDY) != 0)
292 		return (IIR_TXRDY);
293 	else if ((sc->msr & MSR_DELTA_MASK) != 0 && (sc->ier & IER_EMSC) != 0)
294 		return (IIR_MLSC);
295 	else
296 		return (IIR_NOPEND);
297 }
298 
299 static void
300 uart_reset(struct uart_softc *sc)
301 {
302 	uint16_t divisor;
303 
304 	divisor = DEFAULT_RCLK / DEFAULT_BAUD / 16;
305 	sc->dll = divisor;
306 	sc->dlh = divisor >> 16;
307 
308 	rxfifo_reset(sc, 1);	/* no fifo until enabled by software */
309 }
310 
311 /*
312  * Toggle the COM port's intr pin depending on whether or not we have an
313  * interrupt condition to report to the processor.
314  */
315 static void
316 uart_toggle_intr(struct uart_softc *sc)
317 {
318 	uint8_t intr_reason;
319 
320 	intr_reason = uart_intr_reason(sc);
321 
322 	if (intr_reason == IIR_NOPEND)
323 		(*sc->intr_deassert)(sc->arg);
324 	else
325 		(*sc->intr_assert)(sc->arg);
326 }
327 
328 static void
329 uart_drain(int fd, enum ev_type ev, void *arg)
330 {
331 	struct uart_softc *sc;
332 	int ch;
333 
334 	sc = arg;
335 
336 	assert(fd == sc->tty.fd);
337 	assert(ev == EVF_READ);
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * This routine is called in the context of the mevent thread
341 	 * to take out the softc lock to protect against concurrent
342 	 * access from a vCPU i/o exit
343 	 */
344 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
345 
346 	if ((sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
347 		(void) ttyread(&sc->tty);
348 	} else {
349 		while (rxfifo_available(sc) &&
350 		       ((ch = ttyread(&sc->tty)) != -1)) {
351 			rxfifo_putchar(sc, ch);
352 		}
353 		uart_toggle_intr(sc);
354 	}
355 
356 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
357 }
358 
359 void
360 uart_write(struct uart_softc *sc, int offset, uint8_t value)
361 {
362 	int fifosz;
363 	uint8_t msr;
364 
365 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * Take care of the special case DLAB accesses first
369 	 */
370 	if ((sc->lcr & LCR_DLAB) != 0) {
371 		if (offset == REG_DLL) {
372 			sc->dll = value;
373 			goto done;
374 		}
375 
376 		if (offset == REG_DLH) {
377 			sc->dlh = value;
378 			goto done;
379 		}
380 	}
381 
382         switch (offset) {
383 	case REG_DATA:
384 		if (sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) {
385 			if (rxfifo_putchar(sc, value) != 0)
386 				sc->lsr |= LSR_OE;
387 		} else if (sc->tty.opened) {
388 			ttywrite(&sc->tty, value);
389 		} /* else drop on floor */
390 		sc->thre_int_pending = true;
391 		break;
392 	case REG_IER:
393 		/*
394 		 * Apply mask so that bits 4-7 are 0
395 		 * Also enables bits 0-3 only if they're 1
396 		 */
397 		sc->ier = value & 0x0F;
398 		break;
399 		case REG_FCR:
400 			/*
401 			 * When moving from FIFO and 16450 mode and vice versa,
402 			 * the FIFO contents are reset.
403 			 */
404 			if ((sc->fcr & FCR_ENABLE) ^ (value & FCR_ENABLE)) {
405 				fifosz = (value & FCR_ENABLE) ? FIFOSZ : 1;
406 				rxfifo_reset(sc, fifosz);
407 			}
408 
409 			/*
410 			 * The FCR_ENABLE bit must be '1' for the programming
411 			 * of other FCR bits to be effective.
412 			 */
413 			if ((value & FCR_ENABLE) == 0) {
414 				sc->fcr = 0;
415 			} else {
416 				if ((value & FCR_RCV_RST) != 0)
417 					rxfifo_reset(sc, FIFOSZ);
418 
419 				sc->fcr = value &
420 					 (FCR_ENABLE | FCR_DMA | FCR_RX_MASK);
421 			}
422 			break;
423 		case REG_LCR:
424 			sc->lcr = value;
425 			break;
426 		case REG_MCR:
427 			/* Apply mask so that bits 5-7 are 0 */
428 			sc->mcr = value & 0x1F;
429 
430 			msr = 0;
431 			if (sc->mcr & MCR_LOOPBACK) {
432 				/*
433 				 * In the loopback mode certain bits from the
434 				 * MCR are reflected back into MSR
435 				 */
436 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_RTS)
437 					msr |= MSR_CTS;
438 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_DTR)
439 					msr |= MSR_DSR;
440 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_OUT1)
441 					msr |= MSR_RI;
442 				if (sc->mcr & MCR_OUT2)
443 					msr |= MSR_DCD;
444 			}
445 
446 			/*
447 			 * Detect if there has been any change between the
448 			 * previous and the new value of MSR. If there is
449 			 * then assert the appropriate MSR delta bit.
450 			 */
451 			if ((msr & MSR_CTS) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_CTS))
452 				sc->msr |= MSR_DCTS;
453 			if ((msr & MSR_DSR) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_DSR))
454 				sc->msr |= MSR_DDSR;
455 			if ((msr & MSR_DCD) ^ (sc->msr & MSR_DCD))
456 				sc->msr |= MSR_DDCD;
457 			if ((sc->msr & MSR_RI) != 0 && (msr & MSR_RI) == 0)
458 				sc->msr |= MSR_TERI;
459 
460 			/*
461 			 * Update the value of MSR while retaining the delta
462 			 * bits.
463 			 */
464 			sc->msr &= MSR_DELTA_MASK;
465 			sc->msr |= msr;
466 			break;
467 		case REG_LSR:
468 			/*
469 			 * Line status register is not meant to be written to
470 			 * during normal operation.
471 			 */
472 			break;
473 		case REG_MSR:
474 			/*
475 			 * As far as I can tell MSR is a read-only register.
476 			 */
477 			break;
478 		case REG_SCR:
479 			sc->scr = value;
480 			break;
481 		default:
482 			break;
483 	}
484 
485 done:
486 	uart_toggle_intr(sc);
487 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
488 }
489 
490 uint8_t
491 uart_read(struct uart_softc *sc, int offset)
492 {
493 	uint8_t iir, intr_reason, reg;
494 
495 	pthread_mutex_lock(&sc->mtx);
496 
497 	/*
498 	 * Take care of the special case DLAB accesses first
499 	 */
500 	if ((sc->lcr & LCR_DLAB) != 0) {
501 		if (offset == REG_DLL) {
502 			reg = sc->dll;
503 			goto done;
504 		}
505 
506 		if (offset == REG_DLH) {
507 			reg = sc->dlh;
508 			goto done;
509 		}
510 	}
511 
512 	switch (offset) {
513 	case REG_DATA:
514 		reg = rxfifo_getchar(sc);
515 		break;
516 	case REG_IER:
517 		reg = sc->ier;
518 		break;
519 	case REG_IIR:
520 		iir = (sc->fcr & FCR_ENABLE) ? IIR_FIFO_MASK : 0;
521 
522 		intr_reason = uart_intr_reason(sc);
523 
524 		/*
525 		 * Deal with side effects of reading the IIR register
526 		 */
527 		if (intr_reason == IIR_TXRDY)
528 			sc->thre_int_pending = false;
529 
530 		iir |= intr_reason;
531 
532 		reg = iir;
533 		break;
534 	case REG_LCR:
535 		reg = sc->lcr;
536 		break;
537 	case REG_MCR:
538 		reg = sc->mcr;
539 		break;
540 	case REG_LSR:
541 		/* Transmitter is always ready for more data */
542 		sc->lsr |= LSR_TEMT | LSR_THRE;
543 
544 		/* Check for new receive data */
545 		if (rxfifo_numchars(sc) > 0)
546 			sc->lsr |= LSR_RXRDY;
547 		else
548 			sc->lsr &= ~LSR_RXRDY;
549 
550 		reg = sc->lsr;
551 
552 		/* The LSR_OE bit is cleared on LSR read */
553 		sc->lsr &= ~LSR_OE;
554 		break;
555 	case REG_MSR:
556 		/*
557 		 * MSR delta bits are cleared on read
558 		 */
559 		reg = sc->msr;
560 		sc->msr &= ~MSR_DELTA_MASK;
561 		break;
562 	case REG_SCR:
563 		reg = sc->scr;
564 		break;
565 	default:
566 		reg = 0xFF;
567 		break;
568 	}
569 
570 done:
571 	uart_toggle_intr(sc);
572 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sc->mtx);
573 
574 	return (reg);
575 }
576 
577 int
578 uart_legacy_alloc(int which, int *baseaddr, int *irq)
579 {
580 
581 	if (which < 0 || which >= UART_NLDEVS || uart_lres[which].inuse)
582 		return (-1);
583 
584 	uart_lres[which].inuse = true;
585 	*baseaddr = uart_lres[which].baseaddr;
586 	*irq = uart_lres[which].irq;
587 
588 	return (0);
589 }
590 
591 struct uart_softc *
592 uart_init(uart_intr_func_t intr_assert, uart_intr_func_t intr_deassert,
593     void *arg)
594 {
595 	struct uart_softc *sc;
596 
597 	sc = calloc(1, sizeof(struct uart_softc));
598 
599 	sc->arg = arg;
600 	sc->intr_assert = intr_assert;
601 	sc->intr_deassert = intr_deassert;
602 
603 	pthread_mutex_init(&sc->mtx, NULL);
604 
605 	uart_reset(sc);
606 
607 	return (sc);
608 }
609 
610 static int
611 uart_tty_backend(struct uart_softc *sc, const char *opts)
612 {
613 	int fd;
614 	int retval;
615 
616 	retval = -1;
617 
618 	fd = open(opts, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK);
619 	if (fd > 0 && isatty(fd)) {
620 		sc->tty.fd = fd;
621 		sc->tty.opened = true;
622 		retval = 0;
623 	}
624 
625 	return (retval);
626 }
627 
628 int
629 uart_set_backend(struct uart_softc *sc, const char *opts)
630 {
631 	int retval;
632 
633 	retval = -1;
634 
635 	if (opts == NULL)
636 		return (0);
637 
638 	if (strcmp("stdio", opts) == 0) {
639 		if (!uart_stdio) {
640 			sc->tty.fd = STDIN_FILENO;
641 			sc->tty.opened = true;
642 			uart_stdio = true;
643 			retval = 0;
644 		}
645 	} else if (uart_tty_backend(sc, opts) == 0) {
646 		retval = 0;
647 	}
648 
649 	/* Make the backend file descriptor non-blocking */
650 	if (retval == 0)
651 		retval = fcntl(sc->tty.fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
652 
653 	if (retval == 0)
654 		uart_opentty(sc);
655 
656 	return (retval);
657 }
658