xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/bhyve/qemu_fwcfg.c (revision d9a42747950146bf03cda7f6e25d219253f8a57a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2021 Beckhoff Automation GmbH & Co. KG
5  * Author: Corvin Köhne <c.koehne@beckhoff.com>
6  */
7 
8 #include <sys/param.h>
9 #include <sys/endian.h>
10 
11 #include <machine/vmm.h>
12 
13 #include <err.h>
14 #include <errno.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <string.h>
17 
18 #include "acpi_device.h"
19 #include "bhyverun.h"
20 #include "inout.h"
21 #include "pci_lpc.h"
22 #include "qemu_fwcfg.h"
23 
24 #define QEMU_FWCFG_ACPI_DEVICE_NAME "FWCF"
25 #define QEMU_FWCFG_ACPI_HARDWARE_ID "QEMU0002"
26 
27 #define QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_NUMBER 0x510
28 #define QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_SIZE 1
29 #define QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_FLAGS IOPORT_F_INOUT
30 #define QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_NUMBER 0x511
31 #define QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_SIZE 1
32 #define QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_FLAGS \
33 	IOPORT_F_INOUT /* QEMU v2.4+ ignores writes */
34 
35 #define QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_MASK 0x0001
36 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_MASK 0x3FFF
37 
38 #define QEMU_FWCFG_SELECT_READ 0
39 #define QEMU_FWCFG_SELECT_WRITE 1
40 
41 #define QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC 0
42 #define QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_SPECIFIC 1
43 
44 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_SIGNATURE 0x00
45 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_ID 0x01
46 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_NB_CPUS 0x05
47 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_MAX_CPUS 0x0F
48 #define QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_FILE_DIR 0x19
49 
50 #define QEMU_FWCFG_FIRST_FILE_INDEX 0x20
51 
52 #define QEMU_FWCFG_MIN_FILES 10
53 
54 #pragma pack(1)
55 
56 union qemu_fwcfg_selector {
57 	struct {
58 		uint16_t index : 14;
59 		uint16_t writeable : 1;
60 		uint16_t architecture : 1;
61 	};
62 	uint16_t bits;
63 };
64 
65 struct qemu_fwcfg_signature {
66 	uint8_t signature[4];
67 };
68 
69 struct qemu_fwcfg_id {
70 	uint32_t interface : 1; /* always set */
71 	uint32_t DMA : 1;
72 	uint32_t reserved : 30;
73 };
74 
75 struct qemu_fwcfg_file {
76 	uint32_t be_size;
77 	uint16_t be_selector;
78 	uint16_t reserved;
79 	uint8_t name[QEMU_FWCFG_MAX_NAME];
80 };
81 
82 struct qemu_fwcfg_directory {
83 	uint32_t be_count;
84 	struct qemu_fwcfg_file files[0];
85 };
86 
87 #pragma pack()
88 
89 struct qemu_fwcfg_softc {
90 	struct acpi_device *acpi_dev;
91 
92 	uint32_t data_offset;
93 	union qemu_fwcfg_selector selector;
94 	struct qemu_fwcfg_item items[QEMU_FWCFG_MAX_ARCHS]
95 				    [QEMU_FWCFG_MAX_ENTRIES];
96 	struct qemu_fwcfg_directory *directory;
97 };
98 
99 static struct qemu_fwcfg_softc fwcfg_sc;
100 
101 static int
102 qemu_fwcfg_selector_port_handler(struct vmctx *const ctx __unused, const int in,
103     const int port __unused, const int bytes, uint32_t *const eax,
104     void *const arg __unused)
105 {
106 	if (bytes != sizeof(uint16_t)) {
107 		warnx("%s: invalid size (%d) of IO port access", __func__,
108 		    bytes);
109 		return (-1);
110 	}
111 
112 	if (in) {
113 		*eax = htole16(fwcfg_sc.selector.bits);
114 		return (0);
115 	}
116 
117 	fwcfg_sc.data_offset = 0;
118 	fwcfg_sc.selector.bits = le16toh(*eax);
119 
120 	return (0);
121 }
122 
123 static int
124 qemu_fwcfg_data_port_handler(struct vmctx *const ctx __unused, const int in,
125     const int port __unused, const int bytes, uint32_t *const eax,
126     void *const arg __unused)
127 {
128 	if (bytes != sizeof(uint8_t)) {
129 		warnx("%s: invalid size (%d) of IO port access", __func__,
130 		    bytes);
131 		return (-1);
132 	}
133 
134 	if (!in) {
135 		warnx("%s: Writes to qemu fwcfg data port aren't allowed",
136 		    __func__);
137 		return (-1);
138 	}
139 
140 	/* get fwcfg item */
141 	struct qemu_fwcfg_item *const item =
142 	    &fwcfg_sc.items[fwcfg_sc.selector.architecture]
143 			   [fwcfg_sc.selector.index];
144 	if (item->data == NULL) {
145 		warnx(
146 		    "%s: qemu fwcfg item doesn't exist (architecture %s index 0x%x)",
147 		    __func__,
148 		    fwcfg_sc.selector.architecture ? "specific" : "generic",
149 		    fwcfg_sc.selector.index);
150 		*eax = 0x00;
151 		return (0);
152 	} else if (fwcfg_sc.data_offset >= item->size) {
153 		warnx(
154 		    "%s: qemu fwcfg item read exceeds size (architecture %s index 0x%x size 0x%x offset 0x%x)",
155 		    __func__,
156 		    fwcfg_sc.selector.architecture ? "specific" : "generic",
157 		    fwcfg_sc.selector.index, item->size, fwcfg_sc.data_offset);
158 		*eax = 0x00;
159 		return (0);
160 	}
161 
162 	/* return item data */
163 	*eax = item->data[fwcfg_sc.data_offset];
164 	fwcfg_sc.data_offset++;
165 
166 	return (0);
167 }
168 
169 static int
170 qemu_fwcfg_add_item(const uint16_t architecture, const uint16_t index,
171     const uint32_t size, void *const data)
172 {
173 	/* truncate architecture and index to their desired size */
174 	const uint16_t arch = architecture & QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_MASK;
175 	const uint16_t idx = index & QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_MASK;
176 
177 	/* get pointer to item specified by selector */
178 	struct qemu_fwcfg_item *const fwcfg_item = &fwcfg_sc.items[arch][idx];
179 
180 	/* check if item is already used */
181 	if (fwcfg_item->data != NULL) {
182 		warnx("%s: qemu fwcfg item exists (architecture %s index 0x%x)",
183 		    __func__, arch ? "specific" : "generic", idx);
184 		return (EEXIST);
185 	}
186 
187 	/* save data of the item */
188 	fwcfg_item->size = size;
189 	fwcfg_item->data = data;
190 
191 	return (0);
192 }
193 
194 static int
195 qemu_fwcfg_add_item_file_dir(void)
196 {
197 	const size_t size = sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_directory) +
198 	    QEMU_FWCFG_MIN_FILES * sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file);
199 	struct qemu_fwcfg_directory *const fwcfg_directory = calloc(1, size);
200 	if (fwcfg_directory == NULL) {
201 		return (ENOMEM);
202 	}
203 
204 	fwcfg_sc.directory = fwcfg_directory;
205 
206 	return (qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
207 	    QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_FILE_DIR, sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_directory),
208 	    (uint8_t *)fwcfg_sc.directory));
209 }
210 
211 static int
212 qemu_fwcfg_add_item_id(void)
213 {
214 	struct qemu_fwcfg_id *const fwcfg_id = calloc(1,
215 	    sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_id));
216 	if (fwcfg_id == NULL) {
217 		return (ENOMEM);
218 	}
219 
220 	fwcfg_id->interface = 1;
221 	fwcfg_id->DMA = 0;
222 
223 	uint32_t *const le_fwcfg_id_ptr = (uint32_t *)fwcfg_id;
224 	*le_fwcfg_id_ptr = htole32(*le_fwcfg_id_ptr);
225 
226 	return (qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
227 	    QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_ID, sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_id),
228 	    (uint8_t *)fwcfg_id));
229 }
230 
231 static int
232 qemu_fwcfg_add_item_max_cpus(void)
233 {
234 	uint16_t *fwcfg_max_cpus = calloc(1, sizeof(uint16_t));
235 	if (fwcfg_max_cpus == NULL) {
236 		return (ENOMEM);
237 	}
238 
239 	/*
240 	 * We don't support cpu hotplug yet. For that reason, use guest_ncpus instead
241 	 * of maxcpus.
242 	 */
243 	*fwcfg_max_cpus = htole16(guest_ncpus);
244 
245 	return (qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
246 	    QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_MAX_CPUS, sizeof(uint16_t), fwcfg_max_cpus));
247 }
248 
249 static int
250 qemu_fwcfg_add_item_nb_cpus(void)
251 {
252 	uint16_t *fwcfg_max_cpus = calloc(1, sizeof(uint16_t));
253 	if (fwcfg_max_cpus == NULL) {
254 		return (ENOMEM);
255 	}
256 
257 	*fwcfg_max_cpus = htole16(guest_ncpus);
258 
259 	return (qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
260 	    QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_NB_CPUS, sizeof(uint16_t), fwcfg_max_cpus));
261 }
262 
263 static int
264 qemu_fwcfg_add_item_signature(void)
265 {
266 	struct qemu_fwcfg_signature *const fwcfg_signature = calloc(1,
267 	    sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_signature));
268 	if (fwcfg_signature == NULL) {
269 		return (ENOMEM);
270 	}
271 
272 	fwcfg_signature->signature[0] = 'Q';
273 	fwcfg_signature->signature[1] = 'E';
274 	fwcfg_signature->signature[2] = 'M';
275 	fwcfg_signature->signature[3] = 'U';
276 
277 	return (qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
278 	    QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_SIGNATURE, sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_signature),
279 	    (uint8_t *)fwcfg_signature));
280 }
281 
282 static int
283 qemu_fwcfg_register_port(const char *const name, const int port, const int size,
284     const int flags, const inout_func_t handler)
285 {
286 	struct inout_port iop;
287 
288 	bzero(&iop, sizeof(iop));
289 	iop.name = name;
290 	iop.port = port;
291 	iop.size = size;
292 	iop.flags = flags;
293 	iop.handler = handler;
294 
295 	return (register_inout(&iop));
296 }
297 
298 int
299 qemu_fwcfg_add_file(const char *name, const uint32_t size, void *const data)
300 {
301 	if (strlen(name) >= QEMU_FWCFG_MAX_NAME)
302 		return (EINVAL);
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * QEMU specifies count as big endian.
306 	 * Convert it to host endian to work with it.
307 	 */
308 	const uint32_t count = be32toh(fwcfg_sc.directory->be_count) + 1;
309 
310 	/* add file to items list */
311 	const uint32_t index = QEMU_FWCFG_FIRST_FILE_INDEX + count - 1;
312 	const int error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item(QEMU_FWCFG_ARCHITECTURE_GENERIC,
313 	    index, size, data);
314 	if (error != 0) {
315 		return (error);
316 	}
317 
318 	/*
319 	 * files should be sorted alphabetical, get index for new file
320 	 */
321 	uint32_t file_index;
322 	for (file_index = 0; file_index < count - 1; ++file_index) {
323 		if (strcmp(name, fwcfg_sc.directory->files[file_index].name) <
324 		    0)
325 			break;
326 	}
327 
328 	if (count > QEMU_FWCFG_MIN_FILES) {
329 		/* alloc new file directory */
330 		const uint64_t new_size = sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_directory) +
331 		    count * sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file);
332 		struct qemu_fwcfg_directory *const new_directory = calloc(1,
333 		    new_size);
334 		if (new_directory == NULL) {
335 			warnx(
336 			    "%s: Unable to allocate a new qemu fwcfg files directory (count %d)",
337 			    __func__, count);
338 			return (ENOMEM);
339 		}
340 
341 		/* copy files below file_index to new directory */
342 		memcpy(new_directory->files, fwcfg_sc.directory->files,
343 		    file_index * sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file));
344 
345 		/* copy files above file_index to directory */
346 		memcpy(&new_directory->files[file_index + 1],
347 		    &fwcfg_sc.directory->files[file_index],
348 		    (count - file_index) * sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file));
349 
350 		/* free old directory */
351 		free(fwcfg_sc.directory);
352 
353 		/* set directory pointer to new directory */
354 		fwcfg_sc.directory = new_directory;
355 
356 		/* adjust directory pointer */
357 		fwcfg_sc.items[0][QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_FILE_DIR].data =
358 		    (uint8_t *)fwcfg_sc.directory;
359 	} else {
360 		/* shift files behind file_index */
361 		for (uint32_t i = QEMU_FWCFG_MIN_FILES - 1; i > file_index;
362 		     --i) {
363 			memcpy(&fwcfg_sc.directory->files[i],
364 			    &fwcfg_sc.directory->files[i - 1],
365 			    sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file));
366 		}
367 	}
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * QEMU specifies count, size and index as big endian.
371 	 * Save these values in big endian to simplify guest reads of these
372 	 * values.
373 	 */
374 	fwcfg_sc.directory->be_count = htobe32(count);
375 	fwcfg_sc.directory->files[file_index].be_size = htobe32(size);
376 	fwcfg_sc.directory->files[file_index].be_selector = htobe16(index);
377 	strcpy(fwcfg_sc.directory->files[file_index].name, name);
378 
379 	/* set new size for the fwcfg_file_directory */
380 	fwcfg_sc.items[0][QEMU_FWCFG_INDEX_FILE_DIR].size =
381 	    sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_directory) +
382 	    count * sizeof(struct qemu_fwcfg_file);
383 
384 	return (0);
385 }
386 
387 static const struct acpi_device_emul qemu_fwcfg_acpi_device_emul = {
388 	.name = QEMU_FWCFG_ACPI_DEVICE_NAME,
389 	.hid = QEMU_FWCFG_ACPI_HARDWARE_ID,
390 };
391 
392 int
393 qemu_fwcfg_init(struct vmctx *const ctx)
394 {
395 	int error;
396 
397 	/*
398 	 * Bhyve supports fwctl (bhyve) and fwcfg (qemu) as firmware interfaces.
399 	 * Both are using the same ports. So, it's not possible to provide both
400 	 * interfaces at the same time to the guest. Therefore, only create acpi
401 	 * tables and register io ports for fwcfg, if it's used.
402 	 */
403 	if (strcmp(lpc_fwcfg(), "qemu") == 0) {
404 		error = acpi_device_create(&fwcfg_sc.acpi_dev, &fwcfg_sc, ctx,
405 		    &qemu_fwcfg_acpi_device_emul);
406 		if (error) {
407 			warnx("%s: failed to create ACPI device for QEMU FwCfg",
408 			    __func__);
409 			goto done;
410 		}
411 
412 		error = acpi_device_add_res_fixed_ioport(fwcfg_sc.acpi_dev,
413 		    QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_NUMBER, 2);
414 		if (error) {
415 			warnx("%s: failed to add fixed IO port for QEMU FwCfg",
416 			    __func__);
417 			goto done;
418 		}
419 
420 		/* add handlers for fwcfg ports */
421 		if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_register_port("qemu_fwcfg_selector",
422 		    QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_NUMBER,
423 		    QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_SIZE,
424 		    QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_FLAGS,
425 		    qemu_fwcfg_selector_port_handler)) != 0) {
426 			warnx(
427 			    "%s: Unable to register qemu fwcfg selector port 0x%x",
428 			    __func__, QEMU_FWCFG_SELECTOR_PORT_NUMBER);
429 			goto done;
430 		}
431 		if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_register_port("qemu_fwcfg_data",
432 		    QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_NUMBER, QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_SIZE,
433 		    QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_FLAGS,
434 		    qemu_fwcfg_data_port_handler)) != 0) {
435 			warnx(
436 			    "%s: Unable to register qemu fwcfg data port 0x%x",
437 			    __func__, QEMU_FWCFG_DATA_PORT_NUMBER);
438 			goto done;
439 		}
440 	}
441 
442 	/* add common fwcfg items */
443 	if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item_signature()) != 0) {
444 		warnx("%s: Unable to add signature item", __func__);
445 		goto done;
446 	}
447 	if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item_id()) != 0) {
448 		warnx("%s: Unable to add id item", __func__);
449 		goto done;
450 	}
451 	if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item_nb_cpus()) != 0) {
452 		warnx("%s: Unable to add nb_cpus item", __func__);
453 		goto done;
454 	}
455 	if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item_max_cpus()) != 0) {
456 		warnx("%s: Unable to add max_cpus item", __func__);
457 		goto done;
458 	}
459 	if ((error = qemu_fwcfg_add_item_file_dir()) != 0) {
460 		warnx("%s: Unable to add file_dir item", __func__);
461 		goto done;
462 	}
463 
464 done:
465 	if (error) {
466 		acpi_device_destroy(fwcfg_sc.acpi_dev);
467 	}
468 
469 	return (error);
470 }
471