xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/arp/arp.c (revision f4b37ed0f8b307b1f3f0f630ca725d68f1dff30d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1984, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #if 0
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char const copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1984, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)from: arp.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/2/94";
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 #endif
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 /*
48  * arp - display, set, and delete arp table entries
49  */
50 
51 
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/file.h>
54 #include <sys/socket.h>
55 #include <sys/sockio.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/time.h>
59 
60 #include <net/if.h>
61 #include <net/if_dl.h>
62 #include <net/if_types.h>
63 #include <net/route.h>
64 #include <net/iso88025.h>
65 
66 #include <netinet/in.h>
67 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
68 
69 #include <arpa/inet.h>
70 
71 #include <ctype.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <netdb.h>
75 #include <nlist.h>
76 #include <paths.h>
77 #include <stdio.h>
78 #include <stdlib.h>
79 #include <string.h>
80 #include <strings.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 
83 typedef void (action_fn)(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
84 	struct sockaddr_in *s_in, struct rt_msghdr *rtm);
85 
86 static int search(u_long addr, action_fn *action);
87 static action_fn print_entry;
88 static action_fn nuke_entry;
89 
90 static int delete(char *host);
91 static void usage(void);
92 static int set(int argc, char **argv);
93 static int get(char *host);
94 static int file(char *name);
95 static struct rt_msghdr *rtmsg(int cmd,
96     struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl);
97 static int get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr);
98 static struct sockaddr_in *getaddr(char *host);
99 static int valid_type(int type);
100 
101 static int nflag;	/* no reverse dns lookups */
102 static char *rifname;
103 
104 static time_t	expire_time;
105 static int	flags, doing_proxy;
106 
107 struct if_nameindex *ifnameindex;
108 
109 /* which function we're supposed to do */
110 #define F_GET		1
111 #define F_SET		2
112 #define F_FILESET	3
113 #define F_REPLACE	4
114 #define F_DELETE	5
115 
116 #define SETFUNC(f)	{ if (func) usage(); func = (f); }
117 
118 int
119 main(int argc, char *argv[])
120 {
121 	int ch, func = 0;
122 	int rtn = 0;
123 	int aflag = 0;	/* do it for all entries */
124 
125 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "andfsSi:")) != -1)
126 		switch(ch) {
127 		case 'a':
128 			aflag = 1;
129 			break;
130 		case 'd':
131 			SETFUNC(F_DELETE);
132 			break;
133 		case 'n':
134 			nflag = 1;
135 			break;
136 		case 'S':
137 			SETFUNC(F_REPLACE);
138 			break;
139 		case 's':
140 			SETFUNC(F_SET);
141 			break;
142 		case 'f' :
143 			SETFUNC(F_FILESET);
144 			break;
145 		case 'i':
146 			rifname = optarg;
147 			break;
148 		case '?':
149 		default:
150 			usage();
151 		}
152 	argc -= optind;
153 	argv += optind;
154 
155 	if (!func)
156 		func = F_GET;
157 	if (rifname) {
158 		if (func != F_GET && !(func == F_DELETE && aflag))
159 			errx(1, "-i not applicable to this operation");
160 		if (if_nametoindex(rifname) == 0) {
161 			if (errno == ENXIO)
162 				errx(1, "interface %s does not exist", rifname);
163 			else
164 				err(1, "if_nametoindex(%s)", rifname);
165 		}
166 	}
167 	switch (func) {
168 	case F_GET:
169 		if (aflag) {
170 			if (argc != 0)
171 				usage();
172 			search(0, print_entry);
173 		} else {
174 			if (argc != 1)
175 				usage();
176 			rtn = get(argv[0]);
177 		}
178 		break;
179 	case F_SET:
180 	case F_REPLACE:
181 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 6)
182 			usage();
183 		if (func == F_REPLACE)
184 			(void)delete(argv[0]);
185 		rtn = set(argc, argv) ? 1 : 0;
186 		break;
187 	case F_DELETE:
188 		if (aflag) {
189 			if (argc != 0)
190 				usage();
191 			search(0, nuke_entry);
192 		} else {
193 			if (argc != 1)
194 				usage();
195 			rtn = delete(argv[0]);
196 		}
197 		break;
198 	case F_FILESET:
199 		if (argc != 1)
200 			usage();
201 		rtn = file(argv[0]);
202 		break;
203 	}
204 
205 	if (ifnameindex != NULL)
206 		if_freenameindex(ifnameindex);
207 
208 	return (rtn);
209 }
210 
211 /*
212  * Process a file to set standard arp entries
213  */
214 static int
215 file(char *name)
216 {
217 	FILE *fp;
218 	int i, retval;
219 	char line[100], arg[5][50], *args[5], *p;
220 
221 	if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
222 		err(1, "cannot open %s", name);
223 	args[0] = &arg[0][0];
224 	args[1] = &arg[1][0];
225 	args[2] = &arg[2][0];
226 	args[3] = &arg[3][0];
227 	args[4] = &arg[4][0];
228 	retval = 0;
229 	while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
230 		if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
231 			*p = '\0';
232 		for (p = line; isblank(*p); p++);
233 		if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
234 			continue;
235 		i = sscanf(p, "%49s %49s %49s %49s %49s", arg[0], arg[1],
236 		    arg[2], arg[3], arg[4]);
237 		if (i < 2) {
238 			warnx("bad line: %s", line);
239 			retval = 1;
240 			continue;
241 		}
242 		if (set(i, args))
243 			retval = 1;
244 	}
245 	fclose(fp);
246 	return (retval);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Given a hostname, fills up a (static) struct sockaddr_in with
251  * the address of the host and returns a pointer to the
252  * structure.
253  */
254 static struct sockaddr_in *
255 getaddr(char *host)
256 {
257 	struct hostent *hp;
258 	static struct sockaddr_in reply;
259 
260 	bzero(&reply, sizeof(reply));
261 	reply.sin_len = sizeof(reply);
262 	reply.sin_family = AF_INET;
263 	reply.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
264 	if (reply.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
265 		if (!(hp = gethostbyname(host))) {
266 			warnx("%s: %s", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
267 			return (NULL);
268 		}
269 		bcopy((char *)hp->h_addr, (char *)&reply.sin_addr,
270 			sizeof reply.sin_addr);
271 	}
272 	return (&reply);
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Returns true if the type is a valid one for ARP.
277  */
278 static int
279 valid_type(int type)
280 {
281 
282 	switch (type) {
283 	case IFT_ETHER:
284 	case IFT_FDDI:
285 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
286 	case IFT_ISO88023:
287 	case IFT_ISO88024:
288 	case IFT_ISO88025:
289 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
290 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
291 		return (1);
292 	default:
293 		return (0);
294 	}
295 }
296 
297 /*
298  * Set an individual arp entry
299  */
300 static int
301 set(int argc, char **argv)
302 {
303 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
304 	struct sockaddr_in *dst;	/* what are we looking for */
305 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
306 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
307 	struct ether_addr *ea;
308 	char *host = argv[0], *eaddr = argv[1];
309 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
310 
311 	argc -= 2;
312 	argv += 2;
313 
314 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
315 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
316 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
317 
318 	dst = getaddr(host);
319 	if (dst == NULL)
320 		return (1);
321 	doing_proxy = flags = expire_time = 0;
322 	while (argc-- > 0) {
323 		if (strncmp(argv[0], "temp", 4) == 0) {
324 			struct timespec tp;
325 			int max_age;
326 			size_t len = sizeof(max_age);
327 
328 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
329 			if (sysctlbyname("net.link.ether.inet.max_age",
330 			    &max_age, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
331 				err(1, "sysctlbyname");
332 			expire_time = tp.tv_sec + max_age;
333 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "pub", 3) == 0) {
334 			flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
335 			doing_proxy = 1;
336 			if (argc && strncmp(argv[1], "only", 3) == 0) {
337 				/*
338 				 * Compatibility: in pre FreeBSD 8 times
339 				 * the "only" keyword used to mean that
340 				 * an ARP entry should be announced, but
341 				 * not installed into routing table.
342 				 */
343 				argc--; argv++;
344 			}
345 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "blackhole", 9) == 0) {
346 			if (flags & RTF_REJECT) {
347 				printf("Choose one of blackhole or reject, not both.\n");
348 			}
349 			flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
350 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "reject", 6) == 0) {
351 			if (flags & RTF_BLACKHOLE) {
352 				printf("Choose one of blackhole or reject, not both.\n");
353 			}
354 			flags |= RTF_REJECT;
355 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "trail", 5) == 0) {
356 			/* XXX deprecated and undocumented feature */
357 			printf("%s: Sending trailers is no longer supported\n",
358 				host);
359 		}
360 		argv++;
361 	}
362 	ea = (struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(&sdl_m);
363 	if (doing_proxy && !strcmp(eaddr, "auto")) {
364 		if (!get_ether_addr(dst->sin_addr.s_addr, ea)) {
365 			printf("no interface found for %s\n",
366 			       inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr));
367 			return (1);
368 		}
369 		sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
370 	} else {
371 		struct ether_addr *ea1 = ether_aton(eaddr);
372 
373 		if (ea1 == NULL) {
374 			warnx("invalid Ethernet address '%s'", eaddr);
375 			return (1);
376 		} else {
377 			*ea = *ea1;
378 			sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
379 		}
380 	}
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * In the case a proxy-arp entry is being added for
384 	 * a remote end point, the RTF_ANNOUNCE flag in the
385 	 * RTM_GET command is an indication to the kernel
386 	 * routing code that the interface associated with
387 	 * the prefix route covering the local end of the
388 	 * PPP link should be returned, on which ARP applies.
389 	 */
390 	rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, &sdl_m);
391 	if (rtm == NULL) {
392 		warn("%s", host);
393 		return (1);
394 	}
395 	addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
396 	sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
397 
398 	if ((sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK) ||
399 	    (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) ||
400 	    !valid_type(sdl->sdl_type)) {
401 		printf("cannot intuit interface index and type for %s\n", host);
402 		return (1);
403 	}
404 	sdl_m.sdl_type = sdl->sdl_type;
405 	sdl_m.sdl_index = sdl->sdl_index;
406 	return (rtmsg(RTM_ADD, dst, &sdl_m) == NULL);
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * Display an individual arp entry
411  */
412 static int
413 get(char *host)
414 {
415 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
416 
417 	addr = getaddr(host);
418 	if (addr == NULL)
419 		return (1);
420 	if (0 == search(addr->sin_addr.s_addr, print_entry)) {
421 		printf("%s (%s) -- no entry",
422 		    host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
423 		if (rifname)
424 			printf(" on %s", rifname);
425 		printf("\n");
426 		return (1);
427 	}
428 	return (0);
429 }
430 
431 /*
432  * Delete an arp entry
433  */
434 static int
435 delete(char *host)
436 {
437 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, *dst;
438 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
439 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
440 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
441 
442 	dst = getaddr(host);
443 	if (dst == NULL)
444 		return (1);
445 
446 	/*
447 	 * Perform a regular entry delete first.
448 	 */
449 	flags &= ~RTF_ANNOUNCE;
450 
451 	/*
452 	 * setup the data structure to notify the kernel
453 	 * it is the ARP entry the RTM_GET is interested
454 	 * in
455 	 */
456 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
457 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
458 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
459 
460 	for (;;) {	/* try twice */
461 		rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, &sdl_m);
462 		if (rtm == NULL) {
463 			warn("%s", host);
464 			return (1);
465 		}
466 		addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
467 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
468 
469 		/*
470 		 * With the new L2/L3 restructure, the route
471 		 * returned is a prefix route. The important
472 		 * piece of information from the previous
473 		 * RTM_GET is the interface index. In the
474 		 * case of ECMP, the kernel will traverse
475 		 * the route group for the given entry.
476 		 */
477 		if (sdl->sdl_family == AF_LINK &&
478 		    !(rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) &&
479 		    valid_type(sdl->sdl_type) ) {
480 			addr->sin_addr.s_addr = dst->sin_addr.s_addr;
481 			break;
482 		}
483 
484 		/*
485 		 * Regualar entry delete failed, now check if there
486 		 * is a proxy-arp entry to remove.
487 		 */
488 		if (flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE) {
489 			fprintf(stderr, "delete: cannot locate %s\n",host);
490 			return (1);
491 		}
492 
493 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
494 	}
495 	rtm->rtm_flags |= RTF_LLDATA;
496 	if (rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, dst, NULL) != NULL) {
497 		printf("%s (%s) deleted\n", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
498 		return (0);
499 	}
500 	return (1);
501 }
502 
503 
504 /*
505  * Search the arp table and do some action on matching entries
506  */
507 static int
508 search(u_long addr, action_fn *action)
509 {
510 	int mib[6];
511 	size_t needed;
512 	char *lim, *buf, *next;
513 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
514 	struct sockaddr_in *sin2;
515 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
516 	char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
517 	int st, found_entry = 0;
518 
519 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
520 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
521 	mib[2] = 0;
522 	mib[3] = AF_INET;
523 	mib[4] = NET_RT_FLAGS;
524 #ifdef RTF_LLINFO
525 	mib[5] = RTF_LLINFO;
526 #else
527 	mib[5] = 0;
528 #endif
529 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
530 		err(1, "route-sysctl-estimate");
531 	if (needed == 0)	/* empty table */
532 		return 0;
533 	buf = NULL;
534 	for (;;) {
535 		buf = reallocf(buf, needed);
536 		if (buf == NULL)
537 			errx(1, "could not reallocate memory");
538 		st = sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0);
539 		if (st == 0 || errno != ENOMEM)
540 			break;
541 		needed += needed / 8;
542 	}
543 	if (st == -1)
544 		err(1, "actual retrieval of routing table");
545 	lim = buf + needed;
546 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
547 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
548 		sin2 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
549 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((char *)sin2 + SA_SIZE(sin2));
550 		if (rifname && if_indextoname(sdl->sdl_index, ifname) &&
551 		    strcmp(ifname, rifname))
552 			continue;
553 		if (addr) {
554 			if (addr != sin2->sin_addr.s_addr)
555 				continue;
556 			found_entry = 1;
557 		}
558 		(*action)(sdl, sin2, rtm);
559 	}
560 	free(buf);
561 	return (found_entry);
562 }
563 
564 /*
565  * Display an arp entry
566  */
567 
568 static void
569 print_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
570 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
571 {
572 	const char *host;
573 	struct hostent *hp;
574 	struct iso88025_sockaddr_dl_data *trld;
575 	struct if_nameindex *p;
576 	int seg;
577 
578 	if (ifnameindex == NULL)
579 		if ((ifnameindex = if_nameindex()) == NULL)
580 			err(1, "cannot retrieve interface names");
581 
582 	if (nflag == 0)
583 		hp = gethostbyaddr((caddr_t)&(addr->sin_addr),
584 		    sizeof addr->sin_addr, AF_INET);
585 	else
586 		hp = 0;
587 	if (hp)
588 		host = hp->h_name;
589 	else {
590 		host = "?";
591 		if (h_errno == TRY_AGAIN)
592 			nflag = 1;
593 	}
594 	printf("%s (%s) at ", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
595 	if (sdl->sdl_alen) {
596 		if ((sdl->sdl_type == IFT_ETHER ||
597 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_L2VLAN ||
598 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_BRIDGE) &&
599 		    sdl->sdl_alen == ETHER_ADDR_LEN)
600 			printf("%s", ether_ntoa((struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl)));
601 		else {
602 			int n = sdl->sdl_nlen > 0 ? sdl->sdl_nlen + 1 : 0;
603 
604 			printf("%s", link_ntoa(sdl) + n);
605 		}
606 	} else
607 		printf("(incomplete)");
608 
609 	for (p = ifnameindex; p && ifnameindex->if_index &&
610 		 ifnameindex->if_name; p++) {
611 		if (p->if_index == sdl->sdl_index) {
612 			printf(" on %s", p->if_name);
613 			break;
614 		}
615 	}
616 
617 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire == 0)
618 		printf(" permanent");
619 	else {
620 		static struct timespec tp;
621 		if (tp.tv_sec == 0)
622 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
623 		if ((expire_time = rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - tp.tv_sec) > 0)
624 			printf(" expires in %d seconds", (int)expire_time);
625 		else
626 			printf(" expired");
627 	}
628 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE)
629 		printf(" published");
630 	switch(sdl->sdl_type) {
631 	case IFT_ETHER:
632                 printf(" [ethernet]");
633                 break;
634 	case IFT_ISO88025:
635                 printf(" [token-ring]");
636 		trld = SDL_ISO88025(sdl);
637 		if (trld->trld_rcf != 0) {
638 			printf(" rt=%x", ntohs(trld->trld_rcf));
639 			for (seg = 0;
640 			     seg < ((TR_RCF_RIFLEN(trld->trld_rcf) - 2 ) / 2);
641 			     seg++)
642 				printf(":%x", ntohs(*(trld->trld_route[seg])));
643 		}
644                 break;
645 	case IFT_FDDI:
646                 printf(" [fddi]");
647                 break;
648 	case IFT_ATM:
649                 printf(" [atm]");
650                 break;
651 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
652 		printf(" [vlan]");
653 		break;
654 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
655                 printf(" [firewire]");
656                 break;
657 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
658 		printf(" [bridge]");
659 		break;
660 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
661 		printf(" [infiniband]");
662 		break;
663 	default:
664 		break;
665         }
666 
667 	printf("\n");
668 
669 }
670 
671 /*
672  * Nuke an arp entry
673  */
674 static void
675 nuke_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl __unused,
676 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm __unused)
677 {
678 	char ip[20];
679 
680 	snprintf(ip, sizeof(ip), "%s", inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
681 	delete(ip);
682 }
683 
684 static void
685 usage(void)
686 {
687 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
688 		"usage: arp [-n] [-i interface] hostname",
689 		"       arp [-n] [-i interface] -a",
690 		"       arp -d hostname [pub]",
691 		"       arp -d [-i interface] -a",
692 		"       arp -s hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
693 		"       arp -S hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
694 		"       arp -f filename");
695 	exit(1);
696 }
697 
698 static struct rt_msghdr *
699 rtmsg(int cmd, struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl)
700 {
701 	static int seq;
702 	int rlen;
703 	int l;
704 	struct sockaddr_in so_mask, *som = &so_mask;
705 	static int s = -1;
706 	static pid_t pid;
707 
708 	static struct	{
709 		struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
710 		char	m_space[512];
711 	}	m_rtmsg;
712 
713 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm = &m_rtmsg.m_rtm;
714 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
715 
716 	if (s < 0) {	/* first time: open socket, get pid */
717 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
718 		if (s < 0)
719 			err(1, "socket");
720 		pid = getpid();
721 	}
722 	bzero(&so_mask, sizeof(so_mask));
723 	so_mask.sin_len = 8;
724 	so_mask.sin_addr.s_addr = 0xffffffff;
725 
726 	errno = 0;
727 	/*
728 	 * XXX RTM_DELETE relies on a previous RTM_GET to fill the buffer
729 	 * appropriately.
730 	 */
731 	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE)
732 		goto doit;
733 	bzero((char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
734 	rtm->rtm_flags = flags;
735 	rtm->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
736 
737 	switch (cmd) {
738 	default:
739 		errx(1, "internal wrong cmd");
740 	case RTM_ADD:
741 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_GATEWAY;
742 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire = expire_time;
743 		rtm->rtm_inits = RTV_EXPIRE;
744 		rtm->rtm_flags |= (RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC | RTF_LLDATA);
745 		if (doing_proxy) {
746 			rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
747 			rtm->rtm_flags &= ~RTF_HOST;
748 		}
749 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
750 	case RTM_GET:
751 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_DST;
752 	}
753 #define NEXTADDR(w, s)					   \
754 	do {						   \
755 		if ((s) != NULL && rtm->rtm_addrs & (w)) { \
756 			bcopy((s), cp, sizeof(*(s)));	   \
757 			cp += SA_SIZE(s);		   \
758 		}					   \
759 	} while (0)
760 
761 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, dst);
762 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, sdl);
763 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, som);
764 
765 	rtm->rtm_msglen = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
766 doit:
767 	l = rtm->rtm_msglen;
768 	rtm->rtm_seq = ++seq;
769 	rtm->rtm_type = cmd;
770 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
771 		if (errno != ESRCH || cmd != RTM_DELETE) {
772 			warn("writing to routing socket");
773 			return (NULL);
774 		}
775 	}
776 	do {
777 		l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
778 	} while (l > 0 && (rtm->rtm_seq != seq || rtm->rtm_pid != pid));
779 	if (l < 0)
780 		warn("read from routing socket");
781 	return (rtm);
782 }
783 
784 /*
785  * get_ether_addr - get the hardware address of an interface on the
786  * the same subnet as ipaddr.
787  */
788 #define MAX_IFS		32
789 
790 static int
791 get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr)
792 {
793 	struct ifreq *ifr, *ifend, *ifp;
794 	in_addr_t ina, mask;
795 	struct sockaddr_dl *dla;
796 	struct ifreq ifreq;
797 	struct ifconf ifc;
798 	struct ifreq ifs[MAX_IFS];
799 	int sock;
800 	int retval = 0;
801 
802 	sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
803 	if (sock < 0)
804 		err(1, "socket");
805 
806 	ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ifs);
807 	ifc.ifc_req = ifs;
808 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0) {
809 		warnx("ioctl(SIOCGIFCONF)");
810 		goto done;
811 	}
812 
813 #define NEXTIFR(i)						\
814     ((struct ifreq *)((char *)&(i)->ifr_addr			\
815 	+ MAX((i)->ifr_addr.sa_len, sizeof((i)->ifr_addr))) )
816 
817 	/*
818 	 * Scan through looking for an interface with an Internet
819 	 * address on the same subnet as `ipaddr'.
820 	 */
821 	ifend = (struct ifreq *)(ifc.ifc_buf + ifc.ifc_len);
822 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr) ) {
823 		if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET)
824 			continue;
825 		strncpy(ifreq.ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name,
826 			sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name));
827 		ifreq.ifr_addr = ifr->ifr_addr;
828 		/*
829 		 * Check that the interface is up,
830 		 * and not point-to-point or loopback.
831 		 */
832 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifreq) < 0)
833 			continue;
834 		if ((ifreq.ifr_flags &
835 		     (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST|IFF_POINTOPOINT|
836 				IFF_LOOPBACK|IFF_NOARP))
837 		     != (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST))
838 			continue;
839 		/*
840 		 * Get its netmask and check that it's on
841 		 * the right subnet.
842 		 */
843 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifreq) < 0)
844 			continue;
845 		mask = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
846 			&ifreq.ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
847 		ina = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
848 			&ifr->ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
849 		if ((ipaddr & mask) == (ina & mask))
850 			break; /* ok, we got it! */
851 	}
852 
853 	if (ifr >= ifend)
854 		goto done;
855 
856 	/*
857 	 * Now scan through again looking for a link-level address
858 	 * for this interface.
859 	 */
860 	ifp = ifr;
861 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr))
862 		if (strcmp(ifp->ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name) == 0 &&
863 		    ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_LINK)
864 			break;
865 	if (ifr >= ifend)
866 		goto done;
867 	/*
868 	 * Found the link-level address - copy it out
869 	 */
870 	dla = (struct sockaddr_dl *) &ifr->ifr_addr;
871 	memcpy(hwaddr,  LLADDR(dla), dla->sdl_alen);
872 	printf("using interface %s for proxy with address ",
873 		ifp->ifr_name);
874 	printf("%s\n", ether_ntoa(hwaddr));
875 	retval = dla->sdl_alen;
876 done:
877 	close(sock);
878 	return (retval);
879 }
880