xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/arp/arp.c (revision aa64588d28258aef88cc33b8043112e8856948d0)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1984, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #if 0
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char const copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1984, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)from: arp.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/2/94";
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 #endif
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 /*
48  * arp - display, set, and delete arp table entries
49  */
50 
51 
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/file.h>
54 #include <sys/socket.h>
55 #include <sys/sockio.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/time.h>
59 
60 #include <net/if.h>
61 #include <net/if_dl.h>
62 #include <net/if_types.h>
63 #include <net/route.h>
64 #include <net/iso88025.h>
65 
66 #include <netinet/in.h>
67 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
68 
69 #include <arpa/inet.h>
70 
71 #include <ctype.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <netdb.h>
75 #include <nlist.h>
76 #include <paths.h>
77 #include <stdio.h>
78 #include <stdlib.h>
79 #include <string.h>
80 #include <strings.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 
83 typedef void (action_fn)(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
84 	struct sockaddr_inarp *s_in, struct rt_msghdr *rtm);
85 
86 static int search(u_long addr, action_fn *action);
87 static action_fn print_entry;
88 static action_fn nuke_entry;
89 
90 static int delete(char *host, int do_proxy);
91 static void usage(void);
92 static int set(int argc, char **argv);
93 static int get(char *host);
94 static int file(char *name);
95 static struct rt_msghdr *rtmsg(int cmd,
96     struct sockaddr_inarp *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl);
97 static int get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr);
98 static struct sockaddr_inarp *getaddr(char *host);
99 static int valid_type(int type);
100 
101 static int nflag;	/* no reverse dns lookups */
102 static char *rifname;
103 
104 static time_t	expire_time;
105 static int	flags, doing_proxy, proxy_only;
106 
107 /* which function we're supposed to do */
108 #define F_GET		1
109 #define F_SET		2
110 #define F_FILESET	3
111 #define F_REPLACE	4
112 #define F_DELETE	5
113 
114 #define SETFUNC(f)	{ if (func) usage(); func = (f); }
115 
116 int
117 main(int argc, char *argv[])
118 {
119 	int ch, func = 0;
120 	int rtn = 0;
121 	int aflag = 0;	/* do it for all entries */
122 
123 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "andfsSi:")) != -1)
124 		switch(ch) {
125 		case 'a':
126 			aflag = 1;
127 			break;
128 		case 'd':
129 			SETFUNC(F_DELETE);
130 			break;
131 		case 'n':
132 			nflag = 1;
133 			break;
134 		case 'S':
135 			SETFUNC(F_REPLACE);
136 			break;
137 		case 's':
138 			SETFUNC(F_SET);
139 			break;
140 		case 'f' :
141 			SETFUNC(F_FILESET);
142 			break;
143 		case 'i':
144 			rifname = optarg;
145 			break;
146 		case '?':
147 		default:
148 			usage();
149 		}
150 	argc -= optind;
151 	argv += optind;
152 
153 	if (!func)
154 		func = F_GET;
155 	if (rifname) {
156 		if (func != F_GET && !(func == F_DELETE && aflag))
157 			errx(1, "-i not applicable to this operation");
158 		if (if_nametoindex(rifname) == 0) {
159 			if (errno == ENXIO)
160 				errx(1, "interface %s does not exist", rifname);
161 			else
162 				err(1, "if_nametoindex(%s)", rifname);
163 		}
164 	}
165 	switch (func) {
166 	case F_GET:
167 		if (aflag) {
168 			if (argc != 0)
169 				usage();
170 			search(0, print_entry);
171 		} else {
172 			if (argc != 1)
173 				usage();
174 			rtn = get(argv[0]);
175 		}
176 		break;
177 	case F_SET:
178 	case F_REPLACE:
179 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 6)
180 			usage();
181 		if (func == F_REPLACE)
182 			(void)delete(argv[0], 0);
183 		rtn = set(argc, argv) ? 1 : 0;
184 		break;
185 	case F_DELETE:
186 		if (aflag) {
187 			if (argc != 0)
188 				usage();
189 			search(0, nuke_entry);
190 		} else {
191 			if (argc == 2 && strncmp(argv[1], "pub", 3) == 0)
192 				ch = SIN_PROXY;
193 			else if (argc == 1)
194 				ch = 0;
195 			else
196 				usage();
197 			rtn = delete(argv[0], ch);
198 		}
199 		break;
200 	case F_FILESET:
201 		if (argc != 1)
202 			usage();
203 		rtn = file(argv[0]);
204 		break;
205 	}
206 
207 	return (rtn);
208 }
209 
210 /*
211  * Process a file to set standard arp entries
212  */
213 static int
214 file(char *name)
215 {
216 	FILE *fp;
217 	int i, retval;
218 	char line[100], arg[5][50], *args[5], *p;
219 
220 	if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
221 		err(1, "cannot open %s", name);
222 	args[0] = &arg[0][0];
223 	args[1] = &arg[1][0];
224 	args[2] = &arg[2][0];
225 	args[3] = &arg[3][0];
226 	args[4] = &arg[4][0];
227 	retval = 0;
228 	while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
229 		if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
230 			*p = '\0';
231 		for (p = line; isblank(*p); p++);
232 		if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
233 			continue;
234 		i = sscanf(p, "%49s %49s %49s %49s %49s", arg[0], arg[1],
235 		    arg[2], arg[3], arg[4]);
236 		if (i < 2) {
237 			warnx("bad line: %s", line);
238 			retval = 1;
239 			continue;
240 		}
241 		if (set(i, args))
242 			retval = 1;
243 	}
244 	fclose(fp);
245 	return (retval);
246 }
247 
248 /*
249  * Given a hostname, fills up a (static) struct sockaddr_inarp with
250  * the address of the host and returns a pointer to the
251  * structure.
252  */
253 static struct sockaddr_inarp *
254 getaddr(char *host)
255 {
256 	struct hostent *hp;
257 	static struct sockaddr_inarp reply;
258 
259 	bzero(&reply, sizeof(reply));
260 	reply.sin_len = sizeof(reply);
261 	reply.sin_family = AF_INET;
262 	reply.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
263 	if (reply.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
264 		if (!(hp = gethostbyname(host))) {
265 			warnx("%s: %s", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
266 			return (NULL);
267 		}
268 		bcopy((char *)hp->h_addr, (char *)&reply.sin_addr,
269 			sizeof reply.sin_addr);
270 	}
271 	return (&reply);
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Returns true if the type is a valid one for ARP.
276  */
277 static int
278 valid_type(int type)
279 {
280 
281 	switch (type) {
282 	case IFT_ETHER:
283 	case IFT_FDDI:
284 	case IFT_ISO88023:
285 	case IFT_ISO88024:
286 	case IFT_ISO88025:
287 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
288 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
289 		return (1);
290 	default:
291 		return (0);
292 	}
293 }
294 
295 /*
296  * Set an individual arp entry
297  */
298 static int
299 set(int argc, char **argv)
300 {
301 	struct sockaddr_inarp *addr;
302 	struct sockaddr_inarp *dst;	/* what are we looking for */
303 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
304 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
305 	struct ether_addr *ea;
306 	char *host = argv[0], *eaddr = argv[1];
307 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
308 
309 	argc -= 2;
310 	argv += 2;
311 
312 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
313 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
314 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
315 
316 	dst = getaddr(host);
317 	if (dst == NULL)
318 		return (1);
319 	doing_proxy = flags = proxy_only = expire_time = 0;
320 	while (argc-- > 0) {
321 		if (strncmp(argv[0], "temp", 4) == 0) {
322 			struct timeval tv;
323 			gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
324 			expire_time = tv.tv_sec + 20 * 60;
325 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "pub", 3) == 0) {
326 			flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
327 			doing_proxy = 1;
328 			if (argc && strncmp(argv[1], "only", 3) == 0) {
329 				proxy_only = 1;
330 				argc--; argv++;
331 			}
332 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "blackhole", 9) == 0) {
333 			if (flags & RTF_REJECT) {
334 				printf("Choose one of blackhole or reject, not both.\n");
335 			}
336 			flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
337 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "reject", 6) == 0) {
338 			if (flags & RTF_BLACKHOLE) {
339 				printf("Choose one of blackhole or reject, not both.\n");
340 			}
341 			flags |= RTF_REJECT;
342 		} else if (strncmp(argv[0], "trail", 5) == 0) {
343 			/* XXX deprecated and undocumented feature */
344 			printf("%s: Sending trailers is no longer supported\n",
345 				host);
346 		}
347 		argv++;
348 	}
349 	ea = (struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(&sdl_m);
350 	if (doing_proxy && !strcmp(eaddr, "auto")) {
351 		if (!get_ether_addr(dst->sin_addr.s_addr, ea)) {
352 			printf("no interface found for %s\n",
353 			       inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr));
354 			return (1);
355 		}
356 		sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
357 	} else {
358 		struct ether_addr *ea1 = ether_aton(eaddr);
359 
360 		if (ea1 == NULL) {
361 			warnx("invalid Ethernet address '%s'", eaddr);
362 			return (1);
363 		} else {
364 			*ea = *ea1;
365 			sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
366 		}
367 	}
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * In the case a proxy-arp entry is being added for
371 	 * a remote end point, the RTF_ANNOUNCE flag in the
372 	 * RTM_GET command is an indication to the kernel
373 	 * routing code that the interface associated with
374 	 * the prefix route covering the local end of the
375 	 * PPP link should be returned, on which ARP applies.
376 	 */
377 	rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, &sdl_m);
378 	if (rtm == NULL) {
379 		warn("%s", host);
380 		return (1);
381 	}
382 	addr = (struct sockaddr_inarp *)(rtm + 1);
383 	sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
384 	if (addr->sin_addr.s_addr == dst->sin_addr.s_addr) {
385 		printf("set: proxy entry exists for non 802 device\n");
386 		return (1);
387 	}
388 
389 	if ((sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK) ||
390 	    (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) ||
391 	    !valid_type(sdl->sdl_type)) {
392 		printf("cannot intuit interface index and type for %s\n", host);
393 		return (1);
394 	}
395 	sdl_m.sdl_type = sdl->sdl_type;
396 	sdl_m.sdl_index = sdl->sdl_index;
397 	return (rtmsg(RTM_ADD, dst, &sdl_m) == NULL);
398 }
399 
400 /*
401  * Display an individual arp entry
402  */
403 static int
404 get(char *host)
405 {
406 	struct sockaddr_inarp *addr;
407 
408 	addr = getaddr(host);
409 	if (addr == NULL)
410 		return (1);
411 	if (0 == search(addr->sin_addr.s_addr, print_entry)) {
412 		printf("%s (%s) -- no entry",
413 		    host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
414 		if (rifname)
415 			printf(" on %s", rifname);
416 		printf("\n");
417 		return (1);
418 	}
419 	return (0);
420 }
421 
422 /*
423  * Delete an arp entry
424  */
425 static int
426 delete(char *host, int do_proxy)
427 {
428 	struct sockaddr_inarp *addr, *dst;
429 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
430 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
431 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
432 
433 	dst = getaddr(host);
434 	if (dst == NULL)
435 		return (1);
436 
437 	/*
438 	 * Perform a regular entry delete first.
439 	 */
440 	flags &= ~RTF_ANNOUNCE;
441 
442 	/*
443 	 * setup the data structure to notify the kernel
444 	 * it is the ARP entry the RTM_GET is interested
445 	 * in
446 	 */
447 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
448 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
449 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
450 
451 	for (;;) {	/* try twice */
452 		rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, &sdl_m);
453 		if (rtm == NULL) {
454 			warn("%s", host);
455 			return (1);
456 		}
457 		addr = (struct sockaddr_inarp *)(rtm + 1);
458 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
459 
460 		/*
461 		 * With the new L2/L3 restructure, the route
462 		 * returned is a prefix route. The important
463 		 * piece of information from the previous
464 		 * RTM_GET is the interface index. In the
465 		 * case of ECMP, the kernel will traverse
466 		 * the route group for the given entry.
467 		 */
468 		if (sdl->sdl_family == AF_LINK &&
469 		    !(rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) &&
470 		    valid_type(sdl->sdl_type) ) {
471 			addr->sin_addr.s_addr = dst->sin_addr.s_addr;
472 			break;
473 		}
474 
475 		/*
476 		 * Regualar entry delete failed, now check if there
477 		 * is a proxy-arp entry to remove.
478 		 */
479 		if (flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE) {
480 			fprintf(stderr, "delete: cannot locate %s\n",host);
481 			return (1);
482 		}
483 
484 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
485 	}
486 	rtm->rtm_flags |= RTF_LLDATA;
487 	if (rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, dst, NULL) != NULL) {
488 		printf("%s (%s) deleted\n", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
489 		return (0);
490 	}
491 	return (1);
492 }
493 
494 
495 /*
496  * Search the arp table and do some action on matching entries
497  */
498 static int
499 search(u_long addr, action_fn *action)
500 {
501 	int mib[6];
502 	size_t needed;
503 	char *lim, *buf, *next;
504 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
505 	struct sockaddr_inarp *sin2;
506 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
507 	char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
508 	int st, found_entry = 0;
509 
510 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
511 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
512 	mib[2] = 0;
513 	mib[3] = AF_INET;
514 	mib[4] = NET_RT_FLAGS;
515 #ifdef RTF_LLINFO
516 	mib[5] = RTF_LLINFO;
517 #else
518 	mib[5] = 0;
519 #endif
520 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
521 		err(1, "route-sysctl-estimate");
522 	if (needed == 0)	/* empty table */
523 		return 0;
524 	buf = NULL;
525 	for (;;) {
526 		buf = reallocf(buf, needed);
527 		if (buf == NULL)
528 			errx(1, "could not reallocate memory");
529 		st = sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0);
530 		if (st == 0 || errno != ENOMEM)
531 			break;
532 		needed += needed / 8;
533 	}
534 	if (st == -1)
535 		err(1, "actual retrieval of routing table");
536 	lim = buf + needed;
537 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
538 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
539 		sin2 = (struct sockaddr_inarp *)(rtm + 1);
540 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((char *)sin2 + SA_SIZE(sin2));
541 		if (rifname && if_indextoname(sdl->sdl_index, ifname) &&
542 		    strcmp(ifname, rifname))
543 			continue;
544 		if (addr) {
545 			if (addr != sin2->sin_addr.s_addr)
546 				continue;
547 			found_entry = 1;
548 		}
549 		(*action)(sdl, sin2, rtm);
550 	}
551 	free(buf);
552 	return (found_entry);
553 }
554 
555 /*
556  * Display an arp entry
557  */
558 static void
559 print_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
560 	struct sockaddr_inarp *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
561 {
562 	const char *host;
563 	struct hostent *hp;
564 	struct iso88025_sockaddr_dl_data *trld;
565 	char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
566 	int seg;
567 
568 	if (nflag == 0)
569 		hp = gethostbyaddr((caddr_t)&(addr->sin_addr),
570 		    sizeof addr->sin_addr, AF_INET);
571 	else
572 		hp = 0;
573 	if (hp)
574 		host = hp->h_name;
575 	else {
576 		host = "?";
577 		if (h_errno == TRY_AGAIN)
578 			nflag = 1;
579 	}
580 	printf("%s (%s) at ", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
581 	if (sdl->sdl_alen) {
582 		if ((sdl->sdl_type == IFT_ETHER ||
583 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_L2VLAN ||
584 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_BRIDGE) &&
585 		    sdl->sdl_alen == ETHER_ADDR_LEN)
586 			printf("%s", ether_ntoa((struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl)));
587 		else {
588 			int n = sdl->sdl_nlen > 0 ? sdl->sdl_nlen + 1 : 0;
589 
590 			printf("%s", link_ntoa(sdl) + n);
591 		}
592 	} else
593 		printf("(incomplete)");
594 	if (if_indextoname(sdl->sdl_index, ifname) != NULL)
595 		printf(" on %s", ifname);
596 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire == 0)
597 		printf(" permanent");
598 	else {
599 		static struct timeval tv;
600 		if (tv.tv_sec == 0)
601 			gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
602 		if ((expire_time = rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - tv.tv_sec) > 0)
603 			printf(" expires in %d seconds", (int)expire_time);
604 		else
605 			printf(" expired");
606 	}
607 	if (addr->sin_other & SIN_PROXY)
608 		printf(" published (proxy only)");
609 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE)
610 		printf(" published");
611 	switch(sdl->sdl_type) {
612 	case IFT_ETHER:
613                 printf(" [ethernet]");
614                 break;
615 	case IFT_ISO88025:
616                 printf(" [token-ring]");
617 		trld = SDL_ISO88025(sdl);
618 		if (trld->trld_rcf != 0) {
619 			printf(" rt=%x", ntohs(trld->trld_rcf));
620 			for (seg = 0;
621 			     seg < ((TR_RCF_RIFLEN(trld->trld_rcf) - 2 ) / 2);
622 			     seg++)
623 				printf(":%x", ntohs(*(trld->trld_route[seg])));
624 		}
625                 break;
626 	case IFT_FDDI:
627                 printf(" [fddi]");
628                 break;
629 	case IFT_ATM:
630                 printf(" [atm]");
631                 break;
632 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
633 		printf(" [vlan]");
634 		break;
635 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
636                 printf(" [firewire]");
637                 break;
638 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
639 		printf(" [bridge]");
640 		break;
641 	default:
642 		break;
643         }
644 
645 	printf("\n");
646 
647 }
648 
649 /*
650  * Nuke an arp entry
651  */
652 static void
653 nuke_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl __unused,
654 	struct sockaddr_inarp *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm __unused)
655 {
656 	char ip[20];
657 
658 	snprintf(ip, sizeof(ip), "%s", inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
659 	(void)delete(ip, 0);
660 }
661 
662 static void
663 usage(void)
664 {
665 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
666 		"usage: arp [-n] [-i interface] hostname",
667 		"       arp [-n] [-i interface] -a",
668 		"       arp -d hostname [pub]",
669 		"       arp -d [-i interface] -a",
670 		"       arp -s hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
671 		"       arp -S hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
672 		"       arp -f filename");
673 	exit(1);
674 }
675 
676 static struct rt_msghdr *
677 rtmsg(int cmd, struct sockaddr_inarp *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl)
678 {
679 	static int seq;
680 	int rlen;
681 	int l;
682 	struct sockaddr_in so_mask, *som = &so_mask;
683 	static int s = -1;
684 	static pid_t pid;
685 
686 	static struct	{
687 		struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
688 		char	m_space[512];
689 	}	m_rtmsg;
690 
691 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm = &m_rtmsg.m_rtm;
692 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
693 
694 	if (s < 0) {	/* first time: open socket, get pid */
695 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
696 		if (s < 0)
697 			err(1, "socket");
698 		pid = getpid();
699 	}
700 	bzero(&so_mask, sizeof(so_mask));
701 	so_mask.sin_len = 8;
702 	so_mask.sin_addr.s_addr = 0xffffffff;
703 
704 	errno = 0;
705 	/*
706 	 * XXX RTM_DELETE relies on a previous RTM_GET to fill the buffer
707 	 * appropriately.
708 	 */
709 	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE)
710 		goto doit;
711 	bzero((char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
712 	rtm->rtm_flags = flags;
713 	rtm->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
714 
715 	switch (cmd) {
716 	default:
717 		errx(1, "internal wrong cmd");
718 	case RTM_ADD:
719 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_GATEWAY;
720 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire = expire_time;
721 		rtm->rtm_inits = RTV_EXPIRE;
722 		rtm->rtm_flags |= (RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC | RTF_LLDATA);
723 		dst->sin_other = 0;
724 		if (doing_proxy) {
725 			if (proxy_only)
726 				dst->sin_other = SIN_PROXY;
727 			else {
728 				rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
729 				rtm->rtm_flags &= ~RTF_HOST;
730 			}
731 		}
732 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
733 	case RTM_GET:
734 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_DST;
735 	}
736 #define NEXTADDR(w, s)					   \
737 	do {						   \
738 		if ((s) != NULL && rtm->rtm_addrs & (w)) { \
739 			bcopy((s), cp, sizeof(*(s)));	   \
740 			cp += SA_SIZE(s);		   \
741 		}					   \
742 	} while (0)
743 
744 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, dst);
745 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, sdl);
746 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, som);
747 
748 	rtm->rtm_msglen = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
749 doit:
750 	l = rtm->rtm_msglen;
751 	rtm->rtm_seq = ++seq;
752 	rtm->rtm_type = cmd;
753 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
754 		if (errno != ESRCH || cmd != RTM_DELETE) {
755 			warn("writing to routing socket");
756 			return (NULL);
757 		}
758 	}
759 	do {
760 		l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
761 	} while (l > 0 && (rtm->rtm_seq != seq || rtm->rtm_pid != pid));
762 	if (l < 0)
763 		warn("read from routing socket");
764 	return (rtm);
765 }
766 
767 /*
768  * get_ether_addr - get the hardware address of an interface on the
769  * the same subnet as ipaddr.
770  */
771 #define MAX_IFS		32
772 
773 static int
774 get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr)
775 {
776 	struct ifreq *ifr, *ifend, *ifp;
777 	in_addr_t ina, mask;
778 	struct sockaddr_dl *dla;
779 	struct ifreq ifreq;
780 	struct ifconf ifc;
781 	struct ifreq ifs[MAX_IFS];
782 	int sock;
783 	int retval = 0;
784 
785 	sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
786 	if (sock < 0)
787 		err(1, "socket");
788 
789 	ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ifs);
790 	ifc.ifc_req = ifs;
791 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0) {
792 		warnx("ioctl(SIOCGIFCONF)");
793 		goto done;
794 	}
795 
796 #define NEXTIFR(i)						\
797     ((struct ifreq *)((char *)&(i)->ifr_addr			\
798 	+ MAX((i)->ifr_addr.sa_len, sizeof((i)->ifr_addr))) )
799 
800 	/*
801 	 * Scan through looking for an interface with an Internet
802 	 * address on the same subnet as `ipaddr'.
803 	 */
804 	ifend = (struct ifreq *)(ifc.ifc_buf + ifc.ifc_len);
805 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr) ) {
806 		if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET)
807 			continue;
808 		strncpy(ifreq.ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name,
809 			sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name));
810 		ifreq.ifr_addr = ifr->ifr_addr;
811 		/*
812 		 * Check that the interface is up,
813 		 * and not point-to-point or loopback.
814 		 */
815 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifreq) < 0)
816 			continue;
817 		if ((ifreq.ifr_flags &
818 		     (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST|IFF_POINTOPOINT|
819 				IFF_LOOPBACK|IFF_NOARP))
820 		     != (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST))
821 			continue;
822 		/*
823 		 * Get its netmask and check that it's on
824 		 * the right subnet.
825 		 */
826 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifreq) < 0)
827 			continue;
828 		mask = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
829 			&ifreq.ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
830 		ina = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
831 			&ifr->ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
832 		if ((ipaddr & mask) == (ina & mask))
833 			break; /* ok, we got it! */
834 	}
835 
836 	if (ifr >= ifend)
837 		goto done;
838 
839 	/*
840 	 * Now scan through again looking for a link-level address
841 	 * for this interface.
842 	 */
843 	ifp = ifr;
844 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr))
845 		if (strcmp(ifp->ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name) == 0 &&
846 		    ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_LINK)
847 			break;
848 	if (ifr >= ifend)
849 		goto done;
850 	/*
851 	 * Found the link-level address - copy it out
852 	 */
853 	dla = (struct sockaddr_dl *) &ifr->ifr_addr;
854 	memcpy(hwaddr,  LLADDR(dla), dla->sdl_alen);
855 	printf("using interface %s for proxy with address ",
856 		ifp->ifr_name);
857 	printf("%s\n", ether_ntoa(hwaddr));
858 	retval = dla->sdl_alen;
859 done:
860 	close(sock);
861 	return (retval);
862 }
863