xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/arp/arp.c (revision 405c3050f102b8c74782f0366c8ead927bd07b68)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1984, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #if 0
36 #ifndef lint
37 static char const copyright[] =
38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1984, 1993\n\
39 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #ifndef lint
43 static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)from: arp.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/2/94";
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 #endif
46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
48 
49 /*
50  * arp - display, set, and delete arp table entries
51  */
52 
53 #include <sys/param.h>
54 #include <sys/file.h>
55 #include <sys/socket.h>
56 #include <sys/sockio.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
59 #include <sys/time.h>
60 
61 #include <net/if.h>
62 #include <net/if_dl.h>
63 #include <net/if_types.h>
64 #include <net/route.h>
65 
66 #include <netinet/in.h>
67 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
68 
69 #include <arpa/inet.h>
70 
71 #include <ctype.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <netdb.h>
75 #include <nlist.h>
76 #include <paths.h>
77 #include <stdio.h>
78 #include <stdlib.h>
79 #include <string.h>
80 #include <strings.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 #include <libxo/xo.h>
83 
84 typedef void (action_fn)(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl, struct sockaddr_in *s_in,
85     struct rt_msghdr *rtm);
86 
87 static int search(u_long addr, action_fn *action);
88 static action_fn print_entry;
89 static action_fn nuke_entry;
90 
91 static int delete(char *host);
92 static void usage(void);
93 static int set(int argc, char **argv);
94 static int get(char *host);
95 static int file(char *name);
96 static struct rt_msghdr *rtmsg(int cmd,
97     struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl);
98 static int get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr);
99 static struct sockaddr_in *getaddr(char *host);
100 static int valid_type(int type);
101 
102 static int nflag;	/* no reverse dns lookups */
103 static char *rifname;
104 
105 static time_t	expire_time;
106 static int	flags, doing_proxy;
107 
108 struct if_nameindex *ifnameindex;
109 
110 /* which function we're supposed to do */
111 #define F_GET		1
112 #define F_SET		2
113 #define F_FILESET	3
114 #define F_REPLACE	4
115 #define F_DELETE	5
116 
117 #define SETFUNC(f)	{ if (func) usage(); func = (f); }
118 
119 #define ARP_XO_VERSION	"1"
120 
121 int
122 main(int argc, char *argv[])
123 {
124 	int ch, func = 0;
125 	int rtn = 0;
126 	int aflag = 0;	/* do it for all entries */
127 
128 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
129 	if (argc < 0)
130 		exit(1);
131 
132 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "andfsSi:")) != -1)
133 		switch(ch) {
134 		case 'a':
135 			aflag = 1;
136 			break;
137 		case 'd':
138 			SETFUNC(F_DELETE);
139 			break;
140 		case 'n':
141 			nflag = 1;
142 			break;
143 		case 'S':
144 			SETFUNC(F_REPLACE);
145 			break;
146 		case 's':
147 			SETFUNC(F_SET);
148 			break;
149 		case 'f' :
150 			SETFUNC(F_FILESET);
151 			break;
152 		case 'i':
153 			rifname = optarg;
154 			break;
155 		case '?':
156 		default:
157 			usage();
158 		}
159 	argc -= optind;
160 	argv += optind;
161 
162 	if (!func)
163 		func = F_GET;
164 	if (rifname) {
165 		if (func != F_GET && !(func == F_DELETE && aflag))
166 			xo_errx(1, "-i not applicable to this operation");
167 		if (if_nametoindex(rifname) == 0) {
168 			if (errno == ENXIO)
169 				xo_errx(1, "interface %s does not exist",
170 				    rifname);
171 			else
172 				xo_err(1, "if_nametoindex(%s)", rifname);
173 		}
174 	}
175 	switch (func) {
176 	case F_GET:
177 		if (aflag) {
178 			if (argc != 0)
179 				usage();
180 
181 			xo_set_version(ARP_XO_VERSION);
182 			xo_open_container("arp");
183 			xo_open_list("arp-cache");
184 
185 			search(0, print_entry);
186 
187 			xo_close_list("arp-cache");
188 			xo_close_container("arp");
189 			xo_finish();
190 		} else {
191 			if (argc != 1)
192 				usage();
193 			rtn = get(argv[0]);
194 		}
195 		break;
196 	case F_SET:
197 	case F_REPLACE:
198 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 6)
199 			usage();
200 		if (func == F_REPLACE)
201 			(void)delete(argv[0]);
202 		rtn = set(argc, argv) ? 1 : 0;
203 		break;
204 	case F_DELETE:
205 		if (aflag) {
206 			if (argc != 0)
207 				usage();
208 			search(0, nuke_entry);
209 		} else {
210 			if (argc != 1)
211 				usage();
212 			rtn = delete(argv[0]);
213 		}
214 		break;
215 	case F_FILESET:
216 		if (argc != 1)
217 			usage();
218 		rtn = file(argv[0]);
219 		break;
220 	}
221 
222 	if (ifnameindex != NULL)
223 		if_freenameindex(ifnameindex);
224 
225 	return (rtn);
226 }
227 
228 /*
229  * Process a file to set standard arp entries
230  */
231 static int
232 file(char *name)
233 {
234 	FILE *fp;
235 	int i, retval;
236 	char line[100], arg[5][50], *args[5], *p;
237 
238 	if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
239 		xo_err(1, "cannot open %s", name);
240 	args[0] = &arg[0][0];
241 	args[1] = &arg[1][0];
242 	args[2] = &arg[2][0];
243 	args[3] = &arg[3][0];
244 	args[4] = &arg[4][0];
245 	retval = 0;
246 	while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
247 		if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
248 			*p = '\0';
249 		for (p = line; isblank(*p); p++);
250 		if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
251 			continue;
252 		i = sscanf(p, "%49s %49s %49s %49s %49s", arg[0], arg[1],
253 		    arg[2], arg[3], arg[4]);
254 		if (i < 2) {
255 			xo_warnx("bad line: %s", line);
256 			retval = 1;
257 			continue;
258 		}
259 		if (set(i, args))
260 			retval = 1;
261 	}
262 	fclose(fp);
263 	return (retval);
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * Given a hostname, fills up a (static) struct sockaddr_in with
268  * the address of the host and returns a pointer to the
269  * structure.
270  */
271 static struct sockaddr_in *
272 getaddr(char *host)
273 {
274 	struct hostent *hp;
275 	static struct sockaddr_in reply;
276 
277 	bzero(&reply, sizeof(reply));
278 	reply.sin_len = sizeof(reply);
279 	reply.sin_family = AF_INET;
280 	reply.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
281 	if (reply.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
282 		if (!(hp = gethostbyname(host))) {
283 			xo_warnx("%s: %s", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
284 			return (NULL);
285 		}
286 		bcopy((char *)hp->h_addr, (char *)&reply.sin_addr,
287 			sizeof reply.sin_addr);
288 	}
289 	return (&reply);
290 }
291 
292 /*
293  * Returns true if the type is a valid one for ARP.
294  */
295 static int
296 valid_type(int type)
297 {
298 
299 	switch (type) {
300 	case IFT_ETHER:
301 	case IFT_FDDI:
302 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
303 	case IFT_ISO88023:
304 	case IFT_ISO88024:
305 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
306 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
307 		return (1);
308 	default:
309 		return (0);
310 	}
311 }
312 
313 /*
314  * Set an individual arp entry
315  */
316 static int
317 set(int argc, char **argv)
318 {
319 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
320 	struct sockaddr_in *dst;	/* what are we looking for */
321 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
322 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
323 	struct ether_addr *ea;
324 	char *host = argv[0], *eaddr = argv[1];
325 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
326 
327 	argc -= 2;
328 	argv += 2;
329 
330 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
331 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
332 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
333 
334 	dst = getaddr(host);
335 	if (dst == NULL)
336 		return (1);
337 	doing_proxy = flags = expire_time = 0;
338 	while (argc-- > 0) {
339 		if (strcmp(argv[0], "temp") == 0) {
340 			struct timespec tp;
341 			int max_age;
342 			size_t len = sizeof(max_age);
343 
344 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
345 			if (sysctlbyname("net.link.ether.inet.max_age",
346 			    &max_age, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
347 				xo_err(1, "sysctlbyname");
348 			expire_time = tp.tv_sec + max_age;
349 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "pub") == 0) {
350 			flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
351 			doing_proxy = 1;
352 			if (argc && strcmp(argv[1], "only") == 0) {
353 				/*
354 				 * Compatibility: in pre FreeBSD 8 times
355 				 * the "only" keyword used to mean that
356 				 * an ARP entry should be announced, but
357 				 * not installed into routing table.
358 				 */
359 				argc--; argv++;
360 			}
361 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "blackhole") == 0) {
362 			if (flags & RTF_REJECT) {
363 				xo_errx(1, "Choose one of blackhole or reject, "
364 				    "not both.");
365 			}
366 			flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
367 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "reject") == 0) {
368 			if (flags & RTF_BLACKHOLE) {
369 				xo_errx(1, "Choose one of blackhole or reject, "
370 				    "not both.");
371 			}
372 			flags |= RTF_REJECT;
373 		} else {
374 			xo_warnx("Invalid parameter '%s'", argv[0]);
375 			usage();
376 		}
377 		argv++;
378 	}
379 	ea = (struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(&sdl_m);
380 	if (doing_proxy && !strcmp(eaddr, "auto")) {
381 		if (!get_ether_addr(dst->sin_addr.s_addr, ea)) {
382 			xo_warnx("no interface found for %s",
383 			       inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr));
384 			return (1);
385 		}
386 		sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
387 	} else {
388 		struct ether_addr *ea1 = ether_aton(eaddr);
389 
390 		if (ea1 == NULL) {
391 			xo_warnx("invalid Ethernet address '%s'", eaddr);
392 			return (1);
393 		} else {
394 			*ea = *ea1;
395 			sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
396 		}
397 	}
398 
399 	/*
400 	 * In the case a proxy-arp entry is being added for
401 	 * a remote end point, the RTF_ANNOUNCE flag in the
402 	 * RTM_GET command is an indication to the kernel
403 	 * routing code that the interface associated with
404 	 * the prefix route covering the local end of the
405 	 * PPP link should be returned, on which ARP applies.
406 	 */
407 	rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, NULL);
408 	if (rtm == NULL) {
409 		xo_warn("%s", host);
410 		return (1);
411 	}
412 	addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
413 	sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
414 
415 	if ((sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK) ||
416 	    (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) ||
417 	    !valid_type(sdl->sdl_type)) {
418 		xo_warnx("cannot intuit interface index and type for %s", host);
419 		return (1);
420 	}
421 	sdl_m.sdl_type = sdl->sdl_type;
422 	sdl_m.sdl_index = sdl->sdl_index;
423 	return (rtmsg(RTM_ADD, dst, &sdl_m) == NULL);
424 }
425 
426 /*
427  * Display an individual arp entry
428  */
429 static int
430 get(char *host)
431 {
432 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
433 	int found;
434 
435 	addr = getaddr(host);
436 	if (addr == NULL)
437 		return (1);
438 
439 	xo_set_version(ARP_XO_VERSION);
440 	xo_open_container("arp");
441 	xo_open_list("arp-cache");
442 
443 	found = search(addr->sin_addr.s_addr, print_entry);
444 
445 	if (found == 0) {
446 		xo_emit("{d:hostname/%s} ({d:ip-address/%s}) -- no entry",
447 		    host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
448 		if (rifname)
449 			xo_emit(" on {d:interface/%s}", rifname);
450 		xo_emit("\n");
451 	}
452 
453 	xo_close_list("arp-cache");
454 	xo_close_container("arp");
455 	xo_finish();
456 
457 	return (found == 0);
458 }
459 
460 /*
461  * Delete an arp entry
462  */
463 static int
464 delete(char *host)
465 {
466 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, *dst;
467 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
468 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
469 
470 	dst = getaddr(host);
471 	if (dst == NULL)
472 		return (1);
473 
474 	/*
475 	 * Perform a regular entry delete first.
476 	 */
477 	flags &= ~RTF_ANNOUNCE;
478 
479 	for (;;) {	/* try twice */
480 		rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, NULL);
481 		if (rtm == NULL) {
482 			xo_warn("%s", host);
483 			return (1);
484 		}
485 		addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
486 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
487 
488 		/*
489 		 * With the new L2/L3 restructure, the route
490 		 * returned is a prefix route. The important
491 		 * piece of information from the previous
492 		 * RTM_GET is the interface index. In the
493 		 * case of ECMP, the kernel will traverse
494 		 * the route group for the given entry.
495 		 */
496 		if (sdl->sdl_family == AF_LINK &&
497 		    !(rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) &&
498 		    valid_type(sdl->sdl_type) ) {
499 			addr->sin_addr.s_addr = dst->sin_addr.s_addr;
500 			break;
501 		}
502 
503 		/*
504 		 * Regular entry delete failed, now check if there
505 		 * is a proxy-arp entry to remove.
506 		 */
507 		if (flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE) {
508 			xo_warnx("delete: cannot locate %s", host);
509 			return (1);
510 		}
511 
512 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
513 	}
514 	rtm->rtm_flags |= RTF_LLDATA;
515 	if (rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, dst, NULL) != NULL) {
516 		printf("%s (%s) deleted\n", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
517 		return (0);
518 	}
519 	return (1);
520 }
521 
522 
523 /*
524  * Search the arp table and do some action on matching entries
525  */
526 static int
527 search(u_long addr, action_fn *action)
528 {
529 	int mib[6];
530 	size_t needed;
531 	char *lim, *buf, *next;
532 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
533 	struct sockaddr_in *sin2;
534 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
535 	char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
536 	int st, found_entry = 0;
537 
538 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
539 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
540 	mib[2] = 0;
541 	mib[3] = AF_INET;
542 	mib[4] = NET_RT_FLAGS;
543 #ifdef RTF_LLINFO
544 	mib[5] = RTF_LLINFO;
545 #else
546 	mib[5] = 0;
547 #endif
548 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
549 		xo_err(1, "route-sysctl-estimate");
550 	if (needed == 0)	/* empty table */
551 		return 0;
552 	buf = NULL;
553 	for (;;) {
554 		buf = reallocf(buf, needed);
555 		if (buf == NULL)
556 			xo_errx(1, "could not reallocate memory");
557 		st = sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0);
558 		if (st == 0 || errno != ENOMEM)
559 			break;
560 		needed += needed / 8;
561 	}
562 	if (st == -1)
563 		xo_err(1, "actual retrieval of routing table");
564 	lim = buf + needed;
565 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
566 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
567 		sin2 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
568 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((char *)sin2 + SA_SIZE(sin2));
569 		if (rifname && if_indextoname(sdl->sdl_index, ifname) &&
570 		    strcmp(ifname, rifname))
571 			continue;
572 		if (addr) {
573 			if (addr != sin2->sin_addr.s_addr)
574 				continue;
575 			found_entry = 1;
576 		}
577 		(*action)(sdl, sin2, rtm);
578 	}
579 	free(buf);
580 	return (found_entry);
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * Display an arp entry
585  */
586 
587 static void
588 print_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
589 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
590 {
591 	const char *host;
592 	struct hostent *hp;
593 	struct if_nameindex *p;
594 
595 	if (ifnameindex == NULL)
596 		if ((ifnameindex = if_nameindex()) == NULL)
597 			xo_err(1, "cannot retrieve interface names");
598 
599 	xo_open_instance("arp-cache");
600 
601 	if (nflag == 0)
602 		hp = gethostbyaddr((caddr_t)&(addr->sin_addr),
603 		    sizeof addr->sin_addr, AF_INET);
604 	else
605 		hp = 0;
606 	if (hp)
607 		host = hp->h_name;
608 	else {
609 		host = "?";
610 		if (h_errno == TRY_AGAIN)
611 			nflag = 1;
612 	}
613 	xo_emit("{:hostname/%s} ({:ip-address/%s}) at ", host,
614 	    inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
615 	if (sdl->sdl_alen) {
616 		if ((sdl->sdl_type == IFT_ETHER ||
617 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_L2VLAN ||
618 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_BRIDGE) &&
619 		    sdl->sdl_alen == ETHER_ADDR_LEN)
620 			xo_emit("{:mac-address/%s}",
621 			    ether_ntoa((struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl)));
622 		else {
623 			int n = sdl->sdl_nlen > 0 ? sdl->sdl_nlen + 1 : 0;
624 
625 			xo_emit("{:mac-address/%s}", link_ntoa(sdl) + n);
626 		}
627 	} else
628 		xo_emit("{d:/(incomplete)}{en:incomplete/true}");
629 
630 	for (p = ifnameindex; p && ifnameindex->if_index &&
631 	    ifnameindex->if_name; p++) {
632 		if (p->if_index == sdl->sdl_index) {
633 			xo_emit(" on {:interface/%s}", p->if_name);
634 			break;
635 		}
636 	}
637 
638 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire == 0)
639 		xo_emit("{d:/ permanent}{en:permanent/true}");
640 	else {
641 		static struct timespec tp;
642 		if (tp.tv_sec == 0)
643 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
644 		if ((expire_time = rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - tp.tv_sec) > 0)
645 			xo_emit(" expires in {:expires/%d} seconds",
646 			    (int)expire_time);
647 		else
648 			xo_emit("{d:/ expired}{en:expired/true}");
649 	}
650 
651 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE)
652 		xo_emit("{d:/ published}{en:published/true}");
653 
654 	switch(sdl->sdl_type) {
655 	case IFT_ETHER:
656 		xo_emit(" [{:type/ethernet}]");
657 		break;
658 	case IFT_FDDI:
659 		xo_emit(" [{:type/fddi}]");
660 		break;
661 	case IFT_ATM:
662 		xo_emit(" [{:type/atm}]");
663 		break;
664 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
665 		xo_emit(" [{:type/vlan}]");
666 		break;
667 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
668 		xo_emit(" [{:type/firewire}]");
669 		break;
670 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
671 		xo_emit(" [{:type/bridge}]");
672 		break;
673 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
674 		xo_emit(" [{:type/infiniband}]");
675 		break;
676 	default:
677 		break;
678 	}
679 
680 	xo_emit("\n");
681 
682 	xo_close_instance("arp-cache");
683 }
684 
685 /*
686  * Nuke an arp entry
687  */
688 static void
689 nuke_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl __unused,
690 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
691 {
692 	char ip[20];
693 
694 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_PINNED)
695 		return;
696 
697 	snprintf(ip, sizeof(ip), "%s", inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
698 	delete(ip);
699 }
700 
701 static void
702 usage(void)
703 {
704 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
705 	    "usage: arp [-n] [-i interface] hostname",
706 	    "       arp [-n] [-i interface] -a",
707 	    "       arp -d hostname [pub]",
708 	    "       arp -d [-i interface] -a",
709 	    "       arp -s hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
710 	    "       arp -S hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
711 	    "       arp -f filename");
712 	exit(1);
713 }
714 
715 static struct rt_msghdr *
716 rtmsg(int cmd, struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl)
717 {
718 	static int seq;
719 	int rlen;
720 	int l;
721 	struct sockaddr_in so_mask, *som = &so_mask;
722 	static int s = -1;
723 	static pid_t pid;
724 
725 	static struct	{
726 		struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
727 		char	m_space[512];
728 	}	m_rtmsg;
729 
730 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm = &m_rtmsg.m_rtm;
731 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
732 
733 	if (s < 0) {	/* first time: open socket, get pid */
734 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
735 		if (s < 0)
736 			xo_err(1, "socket");
737 		pid = getpid();
738 	}
739 	bzero(&so_mask, sizeof(so_mask));
740 	so_mask.sin_len = 8;
741 	so_mask.sin_addr.s_addr = 0xffffffff;
742 
743 	errno = 0;
744 	/*
745 	 * XXX RTM_DELETE relies on a previous RTM_GET to fill the buffer
746 	 * appropriately.
747 	 */
748 	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE)
749 		goto doit;
750 	bzero((char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
751 	rtm->rtm_flags = flags;
752 	rtm->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
753 
754 	switch (cmd) {
755 	default:
756 		xo_errx(1, "internal wrong cmd");
757 	case RTM_ADD:
758 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_GATEWAY;
759 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire = expire_time;
760 		rtm->rtm_inits = RTV_EXPIRE;
761 		rtm->rtm_flags |= (RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC | RTF_LLDATA);
762 		if (doing_proxy) {
763 			rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
764 			rtm->rtm_flags &= ~RTF_HOST;
765 		}
766 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
767 	case RTM_GET:
768 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_DST;
769 	}
770 #define NEXTADDR(w, s)						\
771 	do {							\
772 		if ((s) != NULL && rtm->rtm_addrs & (w)) {	\
773 			bcopy((s), cp, sizeof(*(s)));		\
774 			cp += SA_SIZE(s);			\
775 		}						\
776 	} while (0)
777 
778 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, dst);
779 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, sdl);
780 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, som);
781 
782 	rtm->rtm_msglen = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
783 doit:
784 	l = rtm->rtm_msglen;
785 	rtm->rtm_seq = ++seq;
786 	rtm->rtm_type = cmd;
787 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
788 		if (errno != ESRCH || cmd != RTM_DELETE) {
789 			xo_warn("writing to routing socket");
790 			return (NULL);
791 		}
792 	}
793 	do {
794 		l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
795 	} while (l > 0 && (rtm->rtm_type != cmd || rtm->rtm_seq != seq ||
796 	    rtm->rtm_pid != pid));
797 	if (l < 0)
798 		xo_warn("read from routing socket");
799 	return (rtm);
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * get_ether_addr - get the hardware address of an interface on the
804  * the same subnet as ipaddr.
805  */
806 #define MAX_IFS		32
807 
808 static int
809 get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr)
810 {
811 	struct ifreq *ifr, *ifend, *ifp;
812 	in_addr_t ina, mask;
813 	struct sockaddr_dl *dla;
814 	struct ifreq ifreq;
815 	struct ifconf ifc;
816 	struct ifreq ifs[MAX_IFS];
817 	int sock;
818 	int retval = 0;
819 
820 	sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
821 	if (sock < 0)
822 		xo_err(1, "socket");
823 
824 	ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ifs);
825 	ifc.ifc_req = ifs;
826 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0) {
827 		xo_warnx("ioctl(SIOCGIFCONF)");
828 		goto done;
829 	}
830 
831 #define NEXTIFR(i)						\
832 	((struct ifreq *)((char *)&(i)->ifr_addr		\
833 	+ MAX((i)->ifr_addr.sa_len, sizeof((i)->ifr_addr))) )
834 
835 	/*
836 	 * Scan through looking for an interface with an Internet
837 	 * address on the same subnet as `ipaddr'.
838 	 */
839 	ifend = (struct ifreq *)(ifc.ifc_buf + ifc.ifc_len);
840 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr) ) {
841 		if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET)
842 			continue;
843 		strncpy(ifreq.ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name,
844 			sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name));
845 		ifreq.ifr_addr = ifr->ifr_addr;
846 		/*
847 		 * Check that the interface is up,
848 		 * and not point-to-point or loopback.
849 		 */
850 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifreq) < 0)
851 			continue;
852 		if ((ifreq.ifr_flags &
853 		    (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST|IFF_POINTOPOINT|
854 		    IFF_LOOPBACK|IFF_NOARP)) != (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST))
855 			continue;
856 		/* Get its netmask and check that it's on the right subnet. */
857 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifreq) < 0)
858 			continue;
859 		mask = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
860 			&ifreq.ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
861 		ina = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
862 			&ifr->ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
863 		if ((ipaddr & mask) == (ina & mask))
864 			break; /* ok, we got it! */
865 	}
866 
867 	if (ifr >= ifend)
868 		goto done;
869 
870 	/*
871 	 * Now scan through again looking for a link-level address
872 	 * for this interface.
873 	 */
874 	ifp = ifr;
875 	for (ifr = ifc.ifc_req; ifr < ifend; ifr = NEXTIFR(ifr))
876 		if (strcmp(ifp->ifr_name, ifr->ifr_name) == 0 &&
877 		    ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_LINK)
878 			break;
879 	if (ifr >= ifend)
880 		goto done;
881 	/*
882 	 * Found the link-level address - copy it out
883 	 */
884 	dla = (struct sockaddr_dl *) &ifr->ifr_addr;
885 	memcpy(hwaddr,  LLADDR(dla), dla->sdl_alen);
886 	printf("using interface %s for proxy with address %s\n", ifp->ifr_name,
887 	    ether_ntoa(hwaddr));
888 	retval = dla->sdl_alen;
889 done:
890 	close(sock);
891 	return (retval);
892 }
893