xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/write/write.c (revision 9a14aa017b21c292740c00ee098195cd46642730)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Jef Poskanzer and Craig Leres of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif
38 
39 #if 0
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)write.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
42 #endif
43 #endif
44 
45 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/signal.h>
50 #include <sys/stat.h>
51 #include <sys/file.h>
52 #include <sys/time.h>
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <err.h>
55 #include <locale.h>
56 #include <paths.h>
57 #include <pwd.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 #include <utmpx.h>
63 
64 void done(int);
65 void do_write(char *, char *, uid_t);
66 static void usage(void);
67 int term_chk(char *, int *, time_t *, int);
68 void wr_fputs(unsigned char *s);
69 void search_utmp(char *, char *, char *, uid_t);
70 int utmp_chk(char *, char *);
71 
72 int
73 main(int argc, char **argv)
74 {
75 	time_t atime;
76 	uid_t myuid;
77 	int msgsok, myttyfd;
78 	char tty[MAXPATHLEN], *mytty;
79 
80 	(void)setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
81 
82 	while (getopt(argc, argv, "") != -1)
83 		usage();
84 	argc -= optind;
85 	argv += optind;
86 
87 	/* check that sender has write enabled */
88 	if (isatty(fileno(stdin)))
89 		myttyfd = fileno(stdin);
90 	else if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
91 		myttyfd = fileno(stdout);
92 	else if (isatty(fileno(stderr)))
93 		myttyfd = fileno(stderr);
94 	else
95 		errx(1, "can't find your tty");
96 	if (!(mytty = ttyname(myttyfd)))
97 		errx(1, "can't find your tty's name");
98 	if (!strncmp(mytty, _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
99 		mytty += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
100 	if (term_chk(mytty, &msgsok, &atime, 1))
101 		exit(1);
102 	if (!msgsok)
103 		errx(1, "you have write permission turned off");
104 
105 	myuid = getuid();
106 
107 	/* check args */
108 	switch (argc) {
109 	case 1:
110 		search_utmp(argv[0], tty, mytty, myuid);
111 		do_write(tty, mytty, myuid);
112 		break;
113 	case 2:
114 		if (!strncmp(argv[1], _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
115 			argv[1] += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
116 		if (utmp_chk(argv[0], argv[1]))
117 			errx(1, "%s is not logged in on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
118 		if (term_chk(argv[1], &msgsok, &atime, 1))
119 			exit(1);
120 		if (myuid && !msgsok)
121 			errx(1, "%s has messages disabled on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
122 		do_write(argv[1], mytty, myuid);
123 		break;
124 	default:
125 		usage();
126 	}
127 	done(0);
128 	return (0);
129 }
130 
131 static void
132 usage(void)
133 {
134 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: write user [tty]\n");
135 	exit(1);
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * utmp_chk - checks that the given user is actually logged in on
140  *     the given tty
141  */
142 int
143 utmp_chk(char *user, char *tty)
144 {
145 	struct utmpx lu, *u;
146 
147 	strncpy(lu.ut_line, tty, sizeof lu.ut_line);
148 	setutxent();
149 	while ((u = getutxline(&lu)) != NULL)
150 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
151 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
152 			endutxent();
153 			return(0);
154 		}
155 	endutxent();
156 	return(1);
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * search_utmp - search utmp for the "best" terminal to write to
161  *
162  * Ignores terminals with messages disabled, and of the rest, returns
163  * the one with the most recent access time.  Returns as value the number
164  * of the user's terminals with messages enabled, or -1 if the user is
165  * not logged in at all.
166  *
167  * Special case for writing to yourself - ignore the terminal you're
168  * writing from, unless that's the only terminal with messages enabled.
169  */
170 void
171 search_utmp(char *user, char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
172 {
173 	struct utmpx *u;
174 	time_t bestatime, atime;
175 	int nloggedttys, nttys, msgsok, user_is_me;
176 
177 	nloggedttys = nttys = 0;
178 	bestatime = 0;
179 	user_is_me = 0;
180 
181 	setutxent();
182 	while ((u = getutxent()) != NULL)
183 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
184 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
185 			++nloggedttys;
186 			if (term_chk(u->ut_line, &msgsok, &atime, 0))
187 				continue;	/* bad term? skip */
188 			if (myuid && !msgsok)
189 				continue;	/* skip ttys with msgs off */
190 			if (strcmp(u->ut_line, mytty) == 0) {
191 				user_is_me = 1;
192 				continue;	/* don't write to yourself */
193 			}
194 			++nttys;
195 			if (atime > bestatime) {
196 				bestatime = atime;
197 				(void)strlcpy(tty, u->ut_line, MAXPATHLEN);
198 			}
199 		}
200 	endutxent();
201 
202 	if (nloggedttys == 0)
203 		errx(1, "%s is not logged in", user);
204 	if (nttys == 0) {
205 		if (user_is_me) {		/* ok, so write to yourself! */
206 			(void)strlcpy(tty, mytty, MAXPATHLEN);
207 			return;
208 		}
209 		errx(1, "%s has messages disabled", user);
210 	} else if (nttys > 1) {
211 		warnx("%s is logged in more than once; writing to %s", user, tty);
212 	}
213 }
214 
215 /*
216  * term_chk - check that a terminal exists, and get the message bit
217  *     and the access time
218  */
219 int
220 term_chk(char *tty, int *msgsokP, time_t *atimeP, int showerror)
221 {
222 	struct stat s;
223 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
224 
225 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
226 	if (stat(path, &s) < 0) {
227 		if (showerror)
228 			warn("%s", path);
229 		return(1);
230 	}
231 	*msgsokP = (s.st_mode & (S_IWRITE >> 3)) != 0;	/* group write bit */
232 	*atimeP = s.st_atime;
233 	return(0);
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * do_write - actually make the connection
238  */
239 void
240 do_write(char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
241 {
242 	const char *login;
243 	char *nows;
244 	struct passwd *pwd;
245 	time_t now;
246 	char path[MAXPATHLEN], host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], line[512];
247 
248 	/* Determine our login name before we reopen() stdout */
249 	if ((login = getlogin()) == NULL) {
250 		if ((pwd = getpwuid(myuid)))
251 			login = pwd->pw_name;
252 		else
253 			login = "???";
254 	}
255 
256 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
257 	if ((freopen(path, "w", stdout)) == NULL)
258 		err(1, "%s", path);
259 
260 	(void)signal(SIGINT, done);
261 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, done);
262 
263 	/* print greeting */
264 	if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0)
265 		(void)strcpy(host, "???");
266 	now = time((time_t *)NULL);
267 	nows = ctime(&now);
268 	nows[16] = '\0';
269 	(void)printf("\r\n\007\007\007Message from %s@%s on %s at %s ...\r\n",
270 	    login, host, mytty, nows + 11);
271 
272 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL)
273 		wr_fputs(line);
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * done - cleanup and exit
278  */
279 void
280 done(int n __unused)
281 {
282 	(void)printf("EOF\r\n");
283 	exit(0);
284 }
285 
286 /*
287  * wr_fputs - like fputs(), but makes control characters visible and
288  *     turns \n into \r\n
289  */
290 void
291 wr_fputs(unsigned char *s)
292 {
293 
294 #define	PUTC(c)	if (putchar(c) == EOF) err(1, NULL);
295 
296 	for (; *s != '\0'; ++s) {
297 		if (*s == '\n') {
298 			PUTC('\r');
299 		} else if (((*s & 0x80) && *s < 0xA0) ||
300 			   /* disable upper controls */
301 			   (!isprint(*s) && !isspace(*s) &&
302 			    *s != '\a' && *s != '\b')
303 			  ) {
304 			if (*s & 0x80) {
305 				*s &= ~0x80;
306 				PUTC('M');
307 				PUTC('-');
308 			}
309 			if (iscntrl(*s)) {
310 				*s ^= 0x40;
311 				PUTC('^');
312 			}
313 		}
314 		PUTC(*s);
315 	}
316 	return;
317 #undef PUTC
318 }
319