xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/write/write.c (revision 21fdc27a054f668c8b6c2be503fa68622e5226da)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Jef Poskanzer and Craig Leres of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #ifndef lint
38 static const char copyright[] =
39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
40 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
41 #endif
42 
43 #if 0
44 #ifndef lint
45 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)write.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
46 #endif
47 #endif
48 
49 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
50 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
51 
52 #include <sys/param.h>
53 #include <sys/signal.h>
54 #include <sys/stat.h>
55 #include <sys/file.h>
56 #include <sys/time.h>
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <locale.h>
60 #include <paths.h>
61 #include <pwd.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <unistd.h>
66 #include <utmpx.h>
67 
68 void done(int);
69 void do_write(char *, char *, uid_t);
70 static void usage(void);
71 int term_chk(char *, int *, time_t *, int);
72 void wr_fputs(unsigned char *s);
73 void search_utmp(char *, char *, char *, uid_t);
74 int utmp_chk(char *, char *);
75 
76 int
77 main(int argc, char **argv)
78 {
79 	time_t atime;
80 	uid_t myuid;
81 	int msgsok, myttyfd;
82 	char tty[MAXPATHLEN], *mytty;
83 
84 	(void)setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
85 
86 	while (getopt(argc, argv, "") != -1)
87 		usage();
88 	argc -= optind;
89 	argv += optind;
90 
91 	/* check that sender has write enabled */
92 	if (isatty(fileno(stdin)))
93 		myttyfd = fileno(stdin);
94 	else if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
95 		myttyfd = fileno(stdout);
96 	else if (isatty(fileno(stderr)))
97 		myttyfd = fileno(stderr);
98 	else
99 		errx(1, "can't find your tty");
100 	if (!(mytty = ttyname(myttyfd)))
101 		errx(1, "can't find your tty's name");
102 	if (!strncmp(mytty, _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
103 		mytty += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
104 	if (term_chk(mytty, &msgsok, &atime, 1))
105 		exit(1);
106 	if (!msgsok)
107 		errx(1, "you have write permission turned off");
108 
109 	myuid = getuid();
110 
111 	/* check args */
112 	switch (argc) {
113 	case 1:
114 		search_utmp(argv[0], tty, mytty, myuid);
115 		do_write(tty, mytty, myuid);
116 		break;
117 	case 2:
118 		if (!strncmp(argv[1], _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
119 			argv[1] += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
120 		if (utmp_chk(argv[0], argv[1]))
121 			errx(1, "%s is not logged in on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
122 		if (term_chk(argv[1], &msgsok, &atime, 1))
123 			exit(1);
124 		if (myuid && !msgsok)
125 			errx(1, "%s has messages disabled on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
126 		do_write(argv[1], mytty, myuid);
127 		break;
128 	default:
129 		usage();
130 	}
131 	done(0);
132 	return (0);
133 }
134 
135 static void
136 usage(void)
137 {
138 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: write user [tty]\n");
139 	exit(1);
140 }
141 
142 /*
143  * utmp_chk - checks that the given user is actually logged in on
144  *     the given tty
145  */
146 int
147 utmp_chk(char *user, char *tty)
148 {
149 	struct utmpx lu, *u;
150 
151 	strncpy(lu.ut_line, tty, sizeof lu.ut_line);
152 	setutxent();
153 	while ((u = getutxline(&lu)) != NULL)
154 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
155 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
156 			endutxent();
157 			return(0);
158 		}
159 	endutxent();
160 	return(1);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * search_utmp - search utmp for the "best" terminal to write to
165  *
166  * Ignores terminals with messages disabled, and of the rest, returns
167  * the one with the most recent access time.  Returns as value the number
168  * of the user's terminals with messages enabled, or -1 if the user is
169  * not logged in at all.
170  *
171  * Special case for writing to yourself - ignore the terminal you're
172  * writing from, unless that's the only terminal with messages enabled.
173  */
174 void
175 search_utmp(char *user, char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
176 {
177 	struct utmpx *u;
178 	time_t bestatime, atime;
179 	int nloggedttys, nttys, msgsok, user_is_me;
180 
181 	nloggedttys = nttys = 0;
182 	bestatime = 0;
183 	user_is_me = 0;
184 
185 	setutxent();
186 	while ((u = getutxent()) != NULL)
187 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
188 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
189 			++nloggedttys;
190 			if (term_chk(u->ut_line, &msgsok, &atime, 0))
191 				continue;	/* bad term? skip */
192 			if (myuid && !msgsok)
193 				continue;	/* skip ttys with msgs off */
194 			if (strcmp(u->ut_line, mytty) == 0) {
195 				user_is_me = 1;
196 				continue;	/* don't write to yourself */
197 			}
198 			++nttys;
199 			if (atime > bestatime) {
200 				bestatime = atime;
201 				(void)strlcpy(tty, u->ut_line, MAXPATHLEN);
202 			}
203 		}
204 	endutxent();
205 
206 	if (nloggedttys == 0)
207 		errx(1, "%s is not logged in", user);
208 	if (nttys == 0) {
209 		if (user_is_me) {		/* ok, so write to yourself! */
210 			(void)strlcpy(tty, mytty, MAXPATHLEN);
211 			return;
212 		}
213 		errx(1, "%s has messages disabled", user);
214 	} else if (nttys > 1) {
215 		warnx("%s is logged in more than once; writing to %s", user, tty);
216 	}
217 }
218 
219 /*
220  * term_chk - check that a terminal exists, and get the message bit
221  *     and the access time
222  */
223 int
224 term_chk(char *tty, int *msgsokP, time_t *atimeP, int showerror)
225 {
226 	struct stat s;
227 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
228 
229 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
230 	if (stat(path, &s) < 0) {
231 		if (showerror)
232 			warn("%s", path);
233 		return(1);
234 	}
235 	*msgsokP = (s.st_mode & (S_IWRITE >> 3)) != 0;	/* group write bit */
236 	*atimeP = s.st_atime;
237 	return(0);
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * do_write - actually make the connection
242  */
243 void
244 do_write(char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
245 {
246 	const char *login;
247 	char *nows;
248 	struct passwd *pwd;
249 	time_t now;
250 	char path[MAXPATHLEN], host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], line[512];
251 
252 	/* Determine our login name before we reopen() stdout */
253 	if ((login = getlogin()) == NULL) {
254 		if ((pwd = getpwuid(myuid)))
255 			login = pwd->pw_name;
256 		else
257 			login = "???";
258 	}
259 
260 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
261 	if ((freopen(path, "w", stdout)) == NULL)
262 		err(1, "%s", path);
263 
264 	(void)signal(SIGINT, done);
265 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, done);
266 
267 	/* print greeting */
268 	if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0)
269 		(void)strcpy(host, "???");
270 	now = time((time_t *)NULL);
271 	nows = ctime(&now);
272 	nows[16] = '\0';
273 	(void)printf("\r\n\007\007\007Message from %s@%s on %s at %s ...\r\n",
274 	    login, host, mytty, nows + 11);
275 
276 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL)
277 		wr_fputs(line);
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * done - cleanup and exit
282  */
283 void
284 done(int n __unused)
285 {
286 	(void)printf("EOF\r\n");
287 	exit(0);
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * wr_fputs - like fputs(), but makes control characters visible and
292  *     turns \n into \r\n
293  */
294 void
295 wr_fputs(unsigned char *s)
296 {
297 
298 #define	PUTC(c)	if (putchar(c) == EOF) err(1, NULL);
299 
300 	for (; *s != '\0'; ++s) {
301 		if (*s == '\n') {
302 			PUTC('\r');
303 		} else if (((*s & 0x80) && *s < 0xA0) ||
304 			   /* disable upper controls */
305 			   (!isprint(*s) && !isspace(*s) &&
306 			    *s != '\a' && *s != '\b')
307 			  ) {
308 			if (*s & 0x80) {
309 				*s &= ~0x80;
310 				PUTC('M');
311 				PUTC('-');
312 			}
313 			if (iscntrl(*s)) {
314 				*s ^= 0x40;
315 				PUTC('^');
316 			}
317 		}
318 		PUTC(*s);
319 	}
320 	return;
321 #undef PUTC
322 }
323