xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/write/write.c (revision 0b3105a37d7adcadcb720112fed4dc4e8040be99)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Jef Poskanzer and Craig Leres of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif
38 
39 #if 0
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)write.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
42 #endif
43 #endif
44 
45 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/signal.h>
50 #include <sys/stat.h>
51 #include <sys/file.h>
52 #include <sys/time.h>
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <err.h>
55 #include <locale.h>
56 #include <paths.h>
57 #include <pwd.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 #include <utmpx.h>
63 #include <wchar.h>
64 #include <wctype.h>
65 
66 void done(int);
67 void do_write(char *, char *, uid_t);
68 static void usage(void);
69 int term_chk(char *, int *, time_t *, int);
70 void wr_fputs(wchar_t *s);
71 void search_utmp(char *, char *, char *, uid_t);
72 int utmp_chk(char *, char *);
73 
74 int
75 main(int argc, char **argv)
76 {
77 	time_t atime;
78 	uid_t myuid;
79 	int msgsok, myttyfd;
80 	char tty[MAXPATHLEN], *mytty;
81 
82 	(void)setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
83 
84 	while (getopt(argc, argv, "") != -1)
85 		usage();
86 	argc -= optind;
87 	argv += optind;
88 
89 	/* check that sender has write enabled */
90 	if (isatty(fileno(stdin)))
91 		myttyfd = fileno(stdin);
92 	else if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
93 		myttyfd = fileno(stdout);
94 	else if (isatty(fileno(stderr)))
95 		myttyfd = fileno(stderr);
96 	else
97 		errx(1, "can't find your tty");
98 	if (!(mytty = ttyname(myttyfd)))
99 		errx(1, "can't find your tty's name");
100 	if (!strncmp(mytty, _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
101 		mytty += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
102 	if (term_chk(mytty, &msgsok, &atime, 1))
103 		exit(1);
104 	if (!msgsok)
105 		errx(1, "you have write permission turned off");
106 
107 	myuid = getuid();
108 
109 	/* check args */
110 	switch (argc) {
111 	case 1:
112 		search_utmp(argv[0], tty, mytty, myuid);
113 		do_write(tty, mytty, myuid);
114 		break;
115 	case 2:
116 		if (!strncmp(argv[1], _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
117 			argv[1] += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
118 		if (utmp_chk(argv[0], argv[1]))
119 			errx(1, "%s is not logged in on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
120 		if (term_chk(argv[1], &msgsok, &atime, 1))
121 			exit(1);
122 		if (myuid && !msgsok)
123 			errx(1, "%s has messages disabled on %s", argv[0], argv[1]);
124 		do_write(argv[1], mytty, myuid);
125 		break;
126 	default:
127 		usage();
128 	}
129 	done(0);
130 	return (0);
131 }
132 
133 static void
134 usage(void)
135 {
136 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: write user [tty]\n");
137 	exit(1);
138 }
139 
140 /*
141  * utmp_chk - checks that the given user is actually logged in on
142  *     the given tty
143  */
144 int
145 utmp_chk(char *user, char *tty)
146 {
147 	struct utmpx lu, *u;
148 
149 	strncpy(lu.ut_line, tty, sizeof lu.ut_line);
150 	setutxent();
151 	while ((u = getutxline(&lu)) != NULL)
152 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
153 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
154 			endutxent();
155 			return(0);
156 		}
157 	endutxent();
158 	return(1);
159 }
160 
161 /*
162  * search_utmp - search utmp for the "best" terminal to write to
163  *
164  * Ignores terminals with messages disabled, and of the rest, returns
165  * the one with the most recent access time.  Returns as value the number
166  * of the user's terminals with messages enabled, or -1 if the user is
167  * not logged in at all.
168  *
169  * Special case for writing to yourself - ignore the terminal you're
170  * writing from, unless that's the only terminal with messages enabled.
171  */
172 void
173 search_utmp(char *user, char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
174 {
175 	struct utmpx *u;
176 	time_t bestatime, atime;
177 	int nloggedttys, nttys, msgsok, user_is_me;
178 
179 	nloggedttys = nttys = 0;
180 	bestatime = 0;
181 	user_is_me = 0;
182 
183 	setutxent();
184 	while ((u = getutxent()) != NULL)
185 		if (u->ut_type == USER_PROCESS &&
186 		    strcmp(user, u->ut_user) == 0) {
187 			++nloggedttys;
188 			if (term_chk(u->ut_line, &msgsok, &atime, 0))
189 				continue;	/* bad term? skip */
190 			if (myuid && !msgsok)
191 				continue;	/* skip ttys with msgs off */
192 			if (strcmp(u->ut_line, mytty) == 0) {
193 				user_is_me = 1;
194 				continue;	/* don't write to yourself */
195 			}
196 			++nttys;
197 			if (atime > bestatime) {
198 				bestatime = atime;
199 				(void)strlcpy(tty, u->ut_line, MAXPATHLEN);
200 			}
201 		}
202 	endutxent();
203 
204 	if (nloggedttys == 0)
205 		errx(1, "%s is not logged in", user);
206 	if (nttys == 0) {
207 		if (user_is_me) {		/* ok, so write to yourself! */
208 			(void)strlcpy(tty, mytty, MAXPATHLEN);
209 			return;
210 		}
211 		errx(1, "%s has messages disabled", user);
212 	} else if (nttys > 1) {
213 		warnx("%s is logged in more than once; writing to %s", user, tty);
214 	}
215 }
216 
217 /*
218  * term_chk - check that a terminal exists, and get the message bit
219  *     and the access time
220  */
221 int
222 term_chk(char *tty, int *msgsokP, time_t *atimeP, int showerror)
223 {
224 	struct stat s;
225 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
226 
227 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
228 	if (stat(path, &s) < 0) {
229 		if (showerror)
230 			warn("%s", path);
231 		return(1);
232 	}
233 	*msgsokP = (s.st_mode & (S_IWRITE >> 3)) != 0;	/* group write bit */
234 	*atimeP = s.st_atime;
235 	return(0);
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * do_write - actually make the connection
240  */
241 void
242 do_write(char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
243 {
244 	const char *login;
245 	char *nows;
246 	struct passwd *pwd;
247 	time_t now;
248 	char path[MAXPATHLEN], host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
249 	wchar_t line[512];
250 
251 	/* Determine our login name before we reopen() stdout */
252 	if ((login = getlogin()) == NULL) {
253 		if ((pwd = getpwuid(myuid)))
254 			login = pwd->pw_name;
255 		else
256 			login = "???";
257 	}
258 
259 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
260 	if ((freopen(path, "w", stdout)) == NULL)
261 		err(1, "%s", path);
262 
263 	(void)signal(SIGINT, done);
264 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, done);
265 
266 	/* print greeting */
267 	if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0)
268 		(void)strcpy(host, "???");
269 	now = time((time_t *)NULL);
270 	nows = ctime(&now);
271 	nows[16] = '\0';
272 	(void)printf("\r\n\007\007\007Message from %s@%s on %s at %s ...\r\n",
273 	    login, host, mytty, nows + 11);
274 
275 	while (fgetws(line, sizeof(line)/sizeof(wchar_t), stdin) != NULL)
276 		wr_fputs(line);
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * done - cleanup and exit
281  */
282 void
283 done(int n __unused)
284 {
285 	(void)printf("EOF\r\n");
286 	exit(0);
287 }
288 
289 /*
290  * wr_fputs - like fputs(), but makes control characters visible and
291  *     turns \n into \r\n
292  */
293 void
294 wr_fputs(wchar_t *s)
295 {
296 
297 #define	PUTC(c)	if (putwchar(c) == WEOF) err(1, NULL);
298 
299 	for (; *s != L'\0'; ++s) {
300 		if (*s == L'\n') {
301 			PUTC(L'\r');
302 			PUTC(L'\n');
303 		} else if (iswprint(*s) || iswspace(*s)) {
304 			PUTC(*s);
305 		} else {
306 			wprintf(L"<0x%X>", *s);
307 		}
308 	}
309 	return;
310 #undef PUTC
311 }
312