xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 57718be8fa0bd5edc11ab9a72e68cc71982939a6)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #if 0
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/proc.h>
47 #include <sys/uio.h>
48 #include <sys/namei.h>
49 #include <sys/malloc.h>
50 #include <sys/signal.h>
51 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
52 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
53 #include <sys/resource.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/time.h>
56 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
57 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
58 
59 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
60 
61 #include <ctype.h>
62 #include <devstat.h>
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <inttypes.h>
66 #include <kvm.h>
67 #include <limits.h>
68 #include <memstat.h>
69 #include <nlist.h>
70 #include <paths.h>
71 #include <stdio.h>
72 #include <stdlib.h>
73 #include <string.h>
74 #include <sysexits.h>
75 #include <time.h>
76 #include <unistd.h>
77 #include <libutil.h>
78 
79 static char da[] = "da";
80 
81 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
82 #define X_SUM		0
83 	{ "_vm_cnt" },
84 #define X_HZ		1
85 	{ "_hz" },
86 #define X_STATHZ	2
87 	{ "_stathz" },
88 #define X_NCHSTATS	3
89 	{ "_nchstats" },
90 #define	X_INTRNAMES	4
91 	{ "_intrnames" },
92 #define	X_SINTRNAMES	5
93 	{ "_sintrnames" },
94 #define	X_INTRCNT	6
95 	{ "_intrcnt" },
96 #define	X_SINTRCNT	7
97 	{ "_sintrcnt" },
98 #ifdef notyet
99 #define	X_DEFICIT	XXX
100 	{ "_deficit" },
101 #define X_REC		XXX
102 	{ "_rectime" },
103 #define X_PGIN		XXX
104 	{ "_pgintime" },
105 #define	X_XSTATS	XXX
106 	{ "_xstats" },
107 #define X_END		XXX
108 #else
109 #define X_END		8
110 #endif
111 	{ "" },
112 };
113 
114 static struct statinfo cur, last;
115 static int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
116 static long generation;
117 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
118 static int num_selected;
119 static struct devstat_match *matches;
120 static int num_matches = 0;
121 static int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
122 static long select_generation;
123 static char **specified_devices;
124 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
125 
126 static struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
127 
128 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
129 volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized, when non-zero. */
130 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
131 
132 static int	aflag;
133 static int	nflag;
134 static int	Pflag;
135 static int	hflag;
136 
137 static kvm_t   *kd;
138 
139 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
140 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
141 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
142 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
143 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
144 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
145 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
146 
147 static void	cpustats(void);
148 static void	pcpustats(int, u_long, int);
149 static void	devstats(void);
150 static void	doforkst(void);
151 static void	dointr(void);
152 static void	dosum(void);
153 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
154 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
155 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
156 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
157 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
158 static char    *kgetstr(const char *);
159 static void	needhdr(int);
160 static void	needresize(int);
161 static void	doresize(void);
162 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
163 static void	usage(void);
164 
165 static long	pct(long, long);
166 static long	getuptime(void);
167 
168 static char   **getdrivedata(char **);
169 
170 int
171 main(int argc, char *argv[])
172 {
173 	int c, todo;
174 	unsigned int interval;
175 	float f;
176 	int reps;
177 	char *memf, *nlistf;
178 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
179 
180 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
181 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
182 	maxshowdevs = 2;
183 	hflag = isatty(1);
184 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:Pp:stw:z")) != -1) {
185 		switch (c) {
186 		case 'a':
187 			aflag++;
188 			break;
189 		case 'c':
190 			reps = atoi(optarg);
191 			break;
192 		case 'P':
193 			Pflag++;
194 			break;
195 		case 'f':
196 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
197 			break;
198 		case 'h':
199 			hflag = 1;
200 			break;
201 		case 'H':
202 			hflag = 0;
203 			break;
204 		case 'i':
205 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
206 			break;
207 		case 'M':
208 			memf = optarg;
209 			break;
210 		case 'm':
211 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
212 			break;
213 		case 'N':
214 			nlistf = optarg;
215 			break;
216 		case 'n':
217 			nflag = 1;
218 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
219 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
220 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
221 				     maxshowdevs);
222 			break;
223 		case 'p':
224 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
225 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
226 			break;
227 		case 's':
228 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
229 			break;
230 		case 't':
231 #ifdef notyet
232 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
233 #else
234 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
235 #endif
236 			break;
237 		case 'w':
238 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
239 			f = atof(optarg);
240 			interval = f * 1000;
241 			break;
242 		case 'z':
243 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
244 			break;
245 		case '?':
246 		default:
247 			usage();
248 		}
249 	}
250 	argc -= optind;
251 	argv += optind;
252 
253 	if (todo == 0)
254 		todo = VMSTAT;
255 
256 	if (memf != NULL) {
257 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
258 		if (kd == NULL)
259 			errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
260 	}
261 
262 retry_nlist:
263 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
264 		if (c > 0) {
265 			/*
266 			 * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'. If 'vm_cnt' is not
267 			 * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
268 			 * */
269 			if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
270 			    strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
271 				namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
272 				goto retry_nlist;
273 			}
274 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
275 			for (c = 0;
276 			     c < (int)(sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]));
277 			     c++)
278 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
279 					(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s",
280 					    namelist[c].n_name);
281 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
282 		} else
283 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
284 		exit(1);
285 	}
286 	if (kd && Pflag)
287 		errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
288 
289 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
290 		/*
291 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
292 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
293 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
294 		 */
295 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
296 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
297 
298 
299 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
300 	}
301 
302 	if (*argv) {
303 		f = atof(*argv);
304 		interval = f * 1000;
305 		if (*++argv)
306 			reps = atoi(*argv);
307 	}
308 
309 	if (interval) {
310 		if (!reps)
311 			reps = -1;
312 	} else if (reps)
313 		interval = 1 * 1000;
314 
315 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
316 		doforkst();
317 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
318 		domemstat_malloc();
319 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
320 		domemstat_zone();
321 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
322 		dosum();
323 #ifdef notyet
324 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
325 		dotimes();
326 #endif
327 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
328 		dointr();
329 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
330 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
331 	exit(0);
332 }
333 
334 static int
335 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
336     void *newp, size_t newlen)
337 {
338 	int error;
339 
340 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen);
341 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
342 		err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
343 	return (error);
344 }
345 
346 static char **
347 getdrivedata(char **argv)
348 {
349 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
350 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
351 
352 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
353 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
354 
355 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
356 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
357 
358 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
359 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
360 
361 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
362 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
363 		if (isdigit(**argv))
364 			break;
365 		num_devices_specified++;
366 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
367 						     sizeof(char *) *
368 						     num_devices_specified);
369 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
370 	}
371 	dev_select = NULL;
372 
373 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
374 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
378 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
379 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
380 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
381 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
382 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
383 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
384 	 * those devices.
385 	 */
386 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
387 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
388 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
389 
390 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
391 	} else
392 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
396 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
397 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
398 	 */
399 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
400 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
401 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
402 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
403 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
404 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
405 
406 	return(argv);
407 }
408 
409 static long
410 getuptime(void)
411 {
412 	struct timespec sp;
413 
414 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sp);
415 
416 	return(sp.tv_sec);
417 }
418 
419 static void
420 fill_pcpu(struct pcpu ***pcpup, int* maxcpup)
421 {
422 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
423 
424 	int maxcpu, i;
425 
426 	*pcpup = NULL;
427 
428 	if (kd == NULL)
429 		return;
430 
431 	maxcpu = kvm_getmaxcpu(kd);
432 	if (maxcpu < 0)
433 		errx(1, "kvm_getmaxcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
434 
435 	pcpu = calloc(maxcpu, sizeof(struct pcpu *));
436 	if (pcpu == NULL)
437 		err(1, "calloc");
438 
439 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
440 		pcpu[i] = kvm_getpcpu(kd, i);
441 		if (pcpu[i] == (struct pcpu *)-1)
442 			errx(1, "kvm_getpcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
443 	}
444 
445 	*maxcpup = maxcpu;
446 	*pcpup = pcpu;
447 }
448 
449 static void
450 free_pcpu(struct pcpu **pcpu, int maxcpu)
451 {
452 	int i;
453 
454 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++)
455 		free(pcpu[i]);
456 	free(pcpu);
457 }
458 
459 static void
460 fill_vmmeter(struct vmmeter *vmmp)
461 {
462 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
463 	int maxcpu, i;
464 
465 	if (kd != NULL) {
466 		kread(X_SUM, vmmp, sizeof(*vmmp));
467 		fill_pcpu(&pcpu, &maxcpu);
468 		for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
469 			if (pcpu[i] == NULL)
470 				continue;
471 #define ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, name) \
472 			vmmp->name += pcpu[i]->pc_cnt.name
473 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swtch);
474 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_trap);
475 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_syscall);
476 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intr);
477 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_soft);
478 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vm_faults);
479 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_io_faults);
480 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_faults);
481 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_optim);
482 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_zfod);
483 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_ozfod);
484 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapin);
485 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapout);
486 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsin);
487 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsout);
488 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodein);
489 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodeout);
490 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsin);
491 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsout);
492 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intrans);
493 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_tfree);
494 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forks);
495 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforks);
496 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforks);
497 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreads);
498 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forkpages);
499 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforkpages);
500 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforkpages);
501 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreadpages);
502 #undef ADD_FROM_PCPU
503 		}
504 		free_pcpu(pcpu, maxcpu);
505 	} else {
506 		size_t size = sizeof(unsigned int);
507 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name) \
508 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size, NULL, 0)
509 		/* sys */
510 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
511 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
512 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
513 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
514 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
515 
516 		/* vm */
517 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
518 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
519 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
520 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
521 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
522 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
523 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
524 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
525 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
526 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
527 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
528 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
529 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
530 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
531 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
532 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
533 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
534 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
535 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tcached);
536 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
537 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
538 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
539 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
540 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
541 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
542 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
543 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
544 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
545 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
546 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
547 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
548 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_count);
550 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_min);
551 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_max);
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
554 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
556 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
557 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
558 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
559 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
560 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
561 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
562 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
563 #undef GET_VM_STATS
564 	}
565 }
566 
567 static void
568 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
569 {
570 	if (kd != NULL) {
571 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
572 		errx(1, "not implemented");
573 	} else {
574 		size_t size = sizeof(*vmtp);
575 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size, NULL, 0);
576 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
577 			errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
578 	}
579 }
580 
581 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
582 static int
583 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
584 {
585 	int maxcpu;
586 	int maxid;
587 	int ncpus;
588 	int i, j;
589 	int empty;
590 	size_t size;
591 	long *times;
592 	u_long mask;
593 
594 	if (kd != NULL)
595 		errx(1, "not implemented");
596 	mask = 0;
597 	ncpus = 0;
598 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
599 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size, NULL, 0);
600 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
601 		errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
602 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
603 	times = malloc(size);
604 	if (times == NULL)
605 		err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
606 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0);
607 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
608 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
609 		empty = 1;
610 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
611 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
612 				empty = 0;
613 		}
614 		if (!empty) {
615 			mask |= (1ul << i);
616 			ncpus++;
617 		}
618 	}
619 	if (maskp)
620 		*maskp = mask;
621 	if (maxidp)
622 		*maxidp = maxid;
623 	return (ncpus);
624 }
625 
626 
627 static void
628 prthuman(u_int64_t val, int size)
629 {
630 	char buf[10];
631 	int flags;
632 
633 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
634 		errx(1, "doofus");
635 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
636 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
637 	printf("%*s", size, buf);
638 }
639 
640 static int hz, hdrcnt;
641 
642 static long *cur_cp_times;
643 static long *last_cp_times;
644 static size_t size_cp_times;
645 
646 static void
647 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
648 {
649 	struct vmtotal total;
650 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
651 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
652 	size_t size;
653 	int ncpus, maxid;
654 	u_long cpumask;
655 	int rate_adj;
656 
657 	uptime = getuptime();
658 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
659 	rate_adj = 1;
660 	ncpus = 1;
661 	maxid = 0;
662 
663 	/*
664 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
665 	 * print out the header again.
666 	 */
667 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
668 
669 	/*
670 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
671 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
672 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
673 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
674 	 */
675 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
676 		wresized = 1;
677 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
678 	} else {
679 		wresized = 0;
680 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
681 	}
682 
683 	if (kd != NULL) {
684 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
685 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
686 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
687 		if (!hz)
688 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
689 	} else {
690 		struct clockinfo clockrate;
691 
692 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
693 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size, NULL, 0);
694 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
695 			errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
696 		hz = clockrate.hz;
697 	}
698 
699 	if (Pflag) {
700 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
701 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
702 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
703 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
704 	}
705 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
706 		if (!--hdrcnt)
707 			printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
708 		if (kd != NULL) {
709 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
710 				errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
711 		} else {
712 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
713 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size, NULL, 0);
714 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
715 				errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
716 		}
717 		if (Pflag) {
718 			size = size_cp_times;
719 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size, NULL, 0);
720 			if (size != size_cp_times)
721 				errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
722 		}
723 
724 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
725 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
726 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
727 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
728 
729 		/*
730 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
731 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
732 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
733 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
734 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
735 		 */
736 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
737 		case -1:
738 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
739 			break;
740 		case 1: {
741 			int retval;
742 
743 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
744 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
745 
746 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
747 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
748 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
749 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
750 					    specified_devices,
751 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
752 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
753 			switch (retval) {
754 			case -1:
755 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
756 				break;
757 			case 1:
758 				printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
759 				break;
760 			default:
761 				break;
762 			}
763 		}
764 		default:
765 			break;
766 		}
767 
768 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
769 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
770 		(void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
771 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
772 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
773 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
774 		if (hflag) {
775 			printf(" ");
776 			prthuman(total.t_avm * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 7);
777 			printf(" ");
778 			prthuman(total.t_free * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 6);
779 			printf(" ");
780 		} else {
781 			printf(" %7d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
782 			printf(" %6d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
783 		}
784 		(void)printf("%5lu ",
785 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
786 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
787 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
788 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
789 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
790 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
791 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
792 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
793 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
794 		(void)printf("%5lu ",
795 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
796 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
797 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
798 		devstats();
799 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %4lu",
800 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
801 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
802 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
803 		if (Pflag)
804 			pcpustats(ncpus, cpumask, maxid);
805 		else
806 			cpustats();
807 		(void)printf("\n");
808 		(void)fflush(stdout);
809 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
810 			break;
811 		osum = sum;
812 		uptime = interval;
813 		rate_adj = 1000;
814 		/*
815 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
816 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
817 		 */
818 		if (interval != 1)
819 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
820 		else
821 			halfuptime = 0;
822 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
823 	}
824 }
825 
826 static void
827 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
828 {
829 	int i, num_shown;
830 
831 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
832 	(void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
833 	if (num_shown > 1)
834 		(void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
835 	else if (num_shown == 1)
836 		(void)printf("disk");
837 	(void)printf("   faults         ");
838 	if (Pflag) {
839 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
840 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
841 				printf("cpu%-2d    ", i);
842 		}
843 		printf("\n");
844 	} else
845 		printf("cpu\n");
846 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre   flt  re  pi  po    fr  sr ");
847 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
848 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
849 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
850 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
851 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
852 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
853 	(void)printf("  in   sy   cs");
854 	if (Pflag) {
855 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
856 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
857 				printf(" us sy id");
858 		}
859 		printf("\n");
860 	} else
861 		printf(" us sy id\n");
862 	if (wresized != 0)
863 		doresize();
864 	hdrcnt = winlines;
865 }
866 
867 /*
868  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
869  */
870 static void
871 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
872 {
873 
874 	hdrcnt = 1;
875 }
876 
877 /*
878  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
879  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
880  * prepended to the next output.
881  */
882 void
883 needresize(int signo)
884 {
885 
886 	wresized = 1;
887 	hdrcnt = 1;
888 }
889 
890 /*
891  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
892  */
893 void
894 doresize(void)
895 {
896 	int status;
897 	struct winsize w;
898 
899 	for (;;) {
900 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
901 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
902 			continue;
903 		else if (status == -1)
904 			err(1, "ioctl");
905 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
906 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
907 		else
908 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
909 		break;
910 	}
911 
912 	/*
913 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
914 	 */
915 	wresized = 0;
916 }
917 
918 #ifdef notyet
919 static void
920 dotimes(void)
921 {
922 	unsigned int pgintime, rectime;
923 
924 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
925 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
926 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
927 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
928 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
929 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
930 	(void)printf("\n");
931 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
932 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
933 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
934 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
935 }
936 #endif
937 
938 static long
939 pct(long top, long bot)
940 {
941 	long ans;
942 
943 	if (bot == 0)
944 		return(0);
945 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
946 	return (ans);
947 }
948 
949 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
950 
951 static void
952 dosum(void)
953 {
954 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
955 	long nchtotal;
956 
957 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
958 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
959 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
960 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
961 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
962 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
963 	(void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
964 	(void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
965 	(void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
966 	(void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
967 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
968 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
969 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
970 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
971 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
972 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
973 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
974 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
975 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
976 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
977 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
978 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
979 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
980 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
981 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
982 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
983 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
984 	(void)printf("%9u page faults requiring I/O\n", sum.v_io_faults);
985 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
986 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
987 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
988 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
989 	(void)printf("%9u pages cached\n", sum.v_tcached);
990 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
991 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
992 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
993 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
994 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
995 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
996 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
997 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
998 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
999 	if (kd != NULL) {
1000 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1001 	} else {
1002 		size_t size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1003 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size, NULL, 0);
1004 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1005 			errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1006 	}
1007 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1008 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1009 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1010 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
1011 	(void)printf(
1012 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
1013 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1014 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1015 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1016 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
1017 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1018 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1019 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1020 }
1021 
1022 static void
1023 doforkst(void)
1024 {
1025 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1026 	(void)printf("%u forks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1027 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1028 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1029 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1030 	(void)printf("%u vforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1031 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1032 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1033 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1034 	(void)printf("%u rforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1035 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1036 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1037 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1038 }
1039 
1040 static void
1041 devstats(void)
1042 {
1043 	int dn, state;
1044 	long double transfers_per_second;
1045 	long double busy_seconds;
1046 	long tmp;
1047 
1048 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1049 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1050 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1051 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1052 	}
1053 
1054 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1055 
1056 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1057 		int di;
1058 
1059 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
1060 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
1061 			continue;
1062 
1063 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1064 
1065 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1066 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1067 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1068 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1069 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1070 
1071 		(void)printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
1072 	}
1073 }
1074 
1075 static void
1076 percent(double pct, int *over)
1077 {
1078 	char buf[10];
1079 	int l;
1080 
1081 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pct);
1082 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1083 		printf("%s",  buf);
1084 		(*over)--;
1085 	} else
1086 		printf("%2s", buf);
1087 	if (l > 2)
1088 		(*over)++;
1089 }
1090 
1091 static void
1092 cpustats(void)
1093 {
1094 	int state, over;
1095 	double lpct, total;
1096 
1097 	total = 0;
1098 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1099 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1100 	if (total)
1101 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1102 	else
1103 		lpct = 0.0;
1104 	over = 0;
1105 	printf(" ");
1106 	percent((cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1107 	printf(" ");
1108 	percent((cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1109 	printf(" ");
1110 	percent(cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1111 }
1112 
1113 static void
1114 pcpustats(int ncpus, u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1115 {
1116 	int state, i;
1117 	double lpct, total;
1118 	long tmp;
1119 	int over;
1120 
1121 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1122 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1123 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1124 			continue;
1125 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1126 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1127 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1128 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1129 		}
1130 	}
1131 
1132 	over = 0;
1133 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1134 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1135 			continue;
1136 		total = 0;
1137 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1138 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1139 		if (total)
1140 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1141 		else
1142 			lpct = 0.0;
1143 		printf(" ");
1144 		percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1145 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1146 		printf(" ");
1147 		percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1148 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1149 		printf(" ");
1150 		percent(cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1151 	}
1152 }
1153 
1154 static void
1155 dointr(void)
1156 {
1157 	unsigned long *intrcnt, uptime;
1158 	uint64_t inttotal;
1159 	size_t clen, inamlen, intrcntlen, istrnamlen;
1160 	unsigned int i, nintr;
1161 	char *intrname, *tintrname;
1162 
1163 	uptime = getuptime();
1164 	if (kd != NULL) {
1165 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1166 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1167 		if ((intrcnt = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL ||
1168 		    (intrname = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1169 			err(1, "malloc()");
1170 		kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, intrcntlen);
1171 		kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, inamlen);
1172 	} else {
1173 		for (intrcnt = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1174 			if ((intrcnt = reallocf(intrcnt, intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1175 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1176 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt",
1177 			    intrcnt, &intrcntlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1178 				break;
1179 		}
1180 		for (intrname = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1181 			if ((intrname = reallocf(intrname, inamlen)) == NULL)
1182 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1183 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames",
1184 			    intrname, &inamlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1185 				break;
1186 		}
1187 	}
1188 	nintr = intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long);
1189 	tintrname = intrname;
1190 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1191 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1192 		clen = strlen(tintrname);
1193 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1194 			istrnamlen = clen;
1195 		tintrname += clen + 1;
1196 	}
1197 	(void)printf("%-*s %20s %10s\n", (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total",
1198 	    "rate");
1199 	inttotal = 0;
1200 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1201 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag))
1202 			(void)printf("%-*s %20lu %10lu\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1203 			    intrname, *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
1204 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1205 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1206 	}
1207 	(void)printf("%-*s %20" PRIu64 " %10" PRIu64 "\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1208 	    "Total", inttotal, inttotal / uptime);
1209 }
1210 
1211 static void
1212 domemstat_malloc(void)
1213 {
1214 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1215 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1216 	int error, first, i;
1217 
1218 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1219 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1220 		warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1221 		return;
1222 	}
1223 	if (kd == NULL) {
1224 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1225 			warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1226 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1227 			return;
1228 		}
1229 	} else {
1230 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1231 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1232 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1233 				warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1234 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1235 			else
1236 				warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1237 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1238 		}
1239 	}
1240 	printf("%13s %5s %6s %7s %8s  Size(s)\n", "Type", "InUse", "MemUse",
1241 	    "HighUse", "Requests");
1242 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1243 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1244 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1245 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1246 			continue;
1247 		printf("%13s %5" PRIu64 " %5" PRIu64 "K %7s %8" PRIu64 "  ",
1248 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), memstat_get_count(mtp),
1249 		    (memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1250 		    memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1251 		first = 1;
1252 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1253 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1254 				if (!first)
1255 					printf(",");
1256 				printf("%d", 1 << (i + 4));
1257 				first = 0;
1258 			}
1259 		}
1260 		printf("\n");
1261 	}
1262 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1263 }
1264 
1265 static void
1266 domemstat_zone(void)
1267 {
1268 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1269 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1270 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1271 	int error;
1272 
1273 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1274 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1275 		warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1276 		return;
1277 	}
1278 	if (kd == NULL) {
1279 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1280 			warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1281 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1282 			return;
1283 		}
1284 	} else {
1285 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1286 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1287 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1288 				warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1289 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1290 			else
1291 				warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1292 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1293 		}
1294 	}
1295 	printf("%-20s %6s %6s %8s %8s %8s %4s %4s\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1296 	    "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1297 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1298 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1299 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1300 		strcat(name, ":");
1301 		printf("%-20s %6" PRIu64 ", %6" PRIu64 ",%8" PRIu64 ",%8" PRIu64
1302 		    ",%8" PRIu64 ",%4" PRIu64 ",%4" PRIu64 "\n", name,
1303 		    memstat_get_size(mtp), memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1304 		    memstat_get_count(mtp), memstat_get_free(mtp),
1305 		    memstat_get_numallocs(mtp), memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1306 		    memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1307 	}
1308 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1309 	printf("\n");
1310 }
1311 
1312 /*
1313  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1314  */
1315 static void
1316 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1317 {
1318 	const char *sym;
1319 
1320 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1321 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1322 		if (*sym == '_')
1323 			++sym;
1324 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1325 	}
1326 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1327 	    size) != size) {
1328 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1329 		if (*sym == '_')
1330 			++sym;
1331 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1332 	}
1333 }
1334 
1335 static void
1336 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1337 {
1338 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1339 }
1340 
1341 static char *
1342 kgetstr(const char *strp)
1343 {
1344 	int n = 0, size = 1;
1345 	char *ret = NULL;
1346 
1347 	do {
1348 		if (size == n + 1) {
1349 			ret = realloc(ret, size);
1350 			if (ret == NULL)
1351 				err(1, "%s: realloc", __func__);
1352 			size *= 2;
1353 		}
1354 		if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)strp + n, &ret[n], 1) != 1)
1355 			errx(1, "%s: %s", __func__, kvm_geterr(kd));
1356 	} while (ret[n++] != '\0');
1357 	return (ret);
1358 }
1359 
1360 static void
1361 usage(void)
1362 {
1363 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1364 		"usage: vmstat [-afHhimPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1365 		"              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1366 	exit(1);
1367 }
1368