xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 4e1ef62a367de01ccb7156bfe6ec2d613d6eb860)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 static const char copyright[] =
34 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
35 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/uio.h>
50 #include <sys/namei.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/signal.h>
53 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
54 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resource.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/time.h>
58 #include <sys/user.h>
59 #define	_WANT_VMMETER
60 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
61 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
62 
63 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
64 
65 #include <ctype.h>
66 #include <devstat.h>
67 #include <err.h>
68 #include <errno.h>
69 #include <inttypes.h>
70 #include <kvm.h>
71 #include <limits.h>
72 #include <memstat.h>
73 #include <nlist.h>
74 #include <paths.h>
75 #include <stdio.h>
76 #include <stdlib.h>
77 #include <string.h>
78 #include <sysexits.h>
79 #include <time.h>
80 #include <unistd.h>
81 #include <libutil.h>
82 #include <libxo/xo.h>
83 
84 #define VMSTAT_XO_VERSION "1"
85 
86 static char da[] = "da";
87 
88 enum x_stats { X_SUM, X_HZ, X_STATHZ, X_NCHSTATS, X_INTRNAMES, X_SINTRNAMES,
89     X_INTRCNT, X_SINTRCNT };
90 
91 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
92 	[X_SUM] = { .n_name = "_vm_cnt", },
93 	[X_HZ] = { .n_name = "_hz", },
94 	[X_STATHZ] = { .n_name = "_stathz", },
95 	[X_NCHSTATS] = { .n_name = "_nchstats", },
96 	[X_INTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_intrnames", },
97 	[X_SINTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_sintrnames", },
98 	[X_INTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_intrcnt", },
99 	[X_SINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_sintrcnt", },
100 	{ .n_name = NULL, },
101 };
102 
103 static struct devstat_match *matches;
104 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
105 static struct statinfo cur, last;
106 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
107 static size_t size_cp_times;
108 static long *cur_cp_times, *last_cp_times;
109 static long generation, select_generation;
110 static int hz, hdrcnt, maxshowdevs;
111 static int num_devices, num_devices_specified;
112 static int num_matches, num_selected, num_selections;
113 static char **specified_devices;
114 
115 static struct __vmmeter {
116 	uint64_t v_swtch;
117 	uint64_t v_trap;
118 	uint64_t v_syscall;
119 	uint64_t v_intr;
120 	uint64_t v_soft;
121 	uint64_t v_vm_faults;
122 	uint64_t v_io_faults;
123 	uint64_t v_cow_faults;
124 	uint64_t v_cow_optim;
125 	uint64_t v_zfod;
126 	uint64_t v_ozfod;
127 	uint64_t v_swapin;
128 	uint64_t v_swapout;
129 	uint64_t v_swappgsin;
130 	uint64_t v_swappgsout;
131 	uint64_t v_vnodein;
132 	uint64_t v_vnodeout;
133 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsin;
134 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsout;
135 	uint64_t v_intrans;
136 	uint64_t v_reactivated;
137 	uint64_t v_pdwakeups;
138 	uint64_t v_pdpages;
139 	uint64_t v_pdshortfalls;
140 	uint64_t v_dfree;
141 	uint64_t v_pfree;
142 	uint64_t v_tfree;
143 	uint64_t v_forks;
144 	uint64_t v_vforks;
145 	uint64_t v_rforks;
146 	uint64_t v_kthreads;
147 	uint64_t v_forkpages;
148 	uint64_t v_vforkpages;
149 	uint64_t v_rforkpages;
150 	uint64_t v_kthreadpages;
151 	u_int v_page_size;
152 	u_int v_page_count;
153 	u_int v_free_reserved;
154 	u_int v_free_target;
155 	u_int v_free_min;
156 	u_int v_free_count;
157 	u_int v_wire_count;
158 	u_int v_active_count;
159 	u_int v_inactive_target;
160 	u_int v_inactive_count;
161 	u_int v_laundry_count;
162 	u_int v_pageout_free_min;
163 	u_int v_interrupt_free_min;
164 	u_int v_free_severe;
165 } sum, osum;
166 
167 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
168 static volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized when non-zero. */
169 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
170 
171 static int	aflag;
172 static int	nflag;
173 static int	Pflag;
174 static int	hflag;
175 
176 static kvm_t	*kd;
177 
178 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
179 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
180 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
181 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
182 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
183 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
184 #define	ZMEMSTAT	0x40
185 #define	OBJSTAT		0x80
186 
187 static void	cpustats(void);
188 static void	pcpustats(u_long, int);
189 static void	devstats(void);
190 static void	doforkst(void);
191 static void	dointr(unsigned int, int);
192 static void	doobjstat(void);
193 static void	dosum(void);
194 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
195 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
196 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
197 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
198 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
199 static void	needhdr(int);
200 static void	needresize(int);
201 static void	doresize(void);
202 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
203 static void	usage(void);
204 
205 static long	pct(long, long);
206 static long long	getuptime(void);
207 
208 static char	**getdrivedata(char **);
209 
210 int
211 main(int argc, char *argv[])
212 {
213 	char *bp, *buf, *memf, *nlistf;
214 	float f;
215 	int bufsize, c, reps, todo;
216 	size_t len;
217 	unsigned int interval;
218 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
219 
220 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
221 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
222 	maxshowdevs = 2;
223 	hflag = isatty(1);
224 
225 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
226 	if (argc < 0)
227 		return (argc);
228 
229 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:oPp:sw:z")) != -1) {
230 		switch (c) {
231 		case 'a':
232 			aflag++;
233 			break;
234 		case 'c':
235 			reps = atoi(optarg);
236 			break;
237 		case 'P':
238 			Pflag++;
239 			break;
240 		case 'f':
241 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
242 			break;
243 		case 'h':
244 			hflag = 1;
245 			break;
246 		case 'H':
247 			hflag = 0;
248 			break;
249 		case 'i':
250 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
251 			break;
252 		case 'M':
253 			memf = optarg;
254 			break;
255 		case 'm':
256 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
257 			break;
258 		case 'N':
259 			nlistf = optarg;
260 			break;
261 		case 'n':
262 			nflag = 1;
263 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
264 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
265 				xo_errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
266 				    maxshowdevs);
267 			break;
268 		case 'o':
269 			todo |= OBJSTAT;
270 			break;
271 		case 'p':
272 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches)
273 			    != 0)
274 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
275 			break;
276 		case 's':
277 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
278 			break;
279 		case 'w':
280 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
281 			f = atof(optarg);
282 			interval = f * 1000;
283 			break;
284 		case 'z':
285 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
286 			break;
287 		case '?':
288 		default:
289 			usage();
290 		}
291 	}
292 	argc -= optind;
293 	argv += optind;
294 
295 	xo_set_version(VMSTAT_XO_VERSION);
296 	if (todo == 0)
297 		todo = VMSTAT;
298 
299 	if (memf != NULL) {
300 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
301 		if (kd == NULL)
302 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
303 	}
304 
305 retry_nlist:
306 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
307 		if (c > 0) {
308 			bufsize = 0;
309 			len = 0;
310 
311 			/*
312 			 * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'.  If 'vm_cnt' is not
313 			 * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
314 			 * */
315 			if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
316 			    strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
317 				namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
318 				goto retry_nlist;
319 			}
320 
321 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
322 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
323 					bufsize += strlen(namelist[c].n_name)
324 					    + 1;
325 			bufsize += len + 1;
326 			buf = bp = alloca(bufsize);
327 
328 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
329 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0) {
330 					xo_error(" %s",
331 					    namelist[c].n_name);
332 					len = strlen(namelist[c].n_name);
333 					*bp++ = ' ';
334 					memcpy(bp, namelist[c].n_name, len);
335 					bp += len;
336 				}
337 			*bp = '\0';
338 			xo_error("undefined symbols:\n", buf);
339 		} else
340 			xo_warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
341 		xo_finish();
342 		exit(1);
343 	}
344 	if (kd && Pflag)
345 		xo_errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
346 
347 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
348 		/*
349 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
350 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
351 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
352 		 */
353 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
354 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
355 
356 
357 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
358 	}
359 
360 	if (*argv) {
361 		f = atof(*argv);
362 		interval = f * 1000;
363 		if (*++argv)
364 			reps = atoi(*argv);
365 	}
366 
367 	if (interval) {
368 		if (!reps)
369 			reps = -1;
370 	} else if (reps)
371 		interval = 1 * 1000;
372 
373 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
374 		doforkst();
375 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
376 		domemstat_malloc();
377 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
378 		domemstat_zone();
379 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
380 		dosum();
381 	if (todo & OBJSTAT)
382 		doobjstat();
383 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
384 		dointr(interval, reps);
385 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
386 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
387 	xo_finish();
388 	exit(0);
389 }
390 
391 static int
392 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp)
393 {
394 	int error;
395 
396 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, NULL, 0);
397 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
398 		xo_err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
399 	return (error);
400 }
401 
402 static char **
403 getdrivedata(char **argv)
404 {
405 
406 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
407 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
408 
409 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
410 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
411 
412 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
413 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
414 
415 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
416 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
417 
418 	specified_devices = malloc(sizeof(char *));
419 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
420 		if (isdigit(**argv))
421 			break;
422 		num_devices_specified++;
423 		specified_devices = reallocf(specified_devices,
424 		    sizeof(char *) * num_devices_specified);
425 		if (specified_devices == NULL) {
426 			xo_errx(1, "%s", "reallocf (specified_devices)");
427 		}
428 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
429 	}
430 	dev_select = NULL;
431 
432 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
433 		maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
434 
435 	/*
436 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
437 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
438 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
439 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
440 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
441 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
442 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
443 	 * those devices.
444 	 */
445 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
446 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
447 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
448 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
449 	} else
450 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
451 
452 	/*
453 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
454 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
455 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
456 	 */
457 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
458 	    &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
459 	    num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
460 	    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
461 	    maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
462 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
463 
464 	return(argv);
465 }
466 
467 /* Return system uptime in nanoseconds */
468 static long long
469 getuptime(void)
470 {
471 	struct timespec sp;
472 
473 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &sp);
474 	return((long long)sp.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + sp.tv_nsec);
475 }
476 
477 static void
478 fill_vmmeter(struct __vmmeter *vmmp)
479 {
480 	struct vmmeter vm_cnt;
481 	size_t size;
482 
483 	if (kd != NULL) {
484 		kread(X_SUM, &vm_cnt, sizeof(vm_cnt));
485 #define	GET_COUNTER(name) \
486 		vmmp->name = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kd, (u_long)vm_cnt.name)
487 		GET_COUNTER(v_swtch);
488 		GET_COUNTER(v_trap);
489 		GET_COUNTER(v_syscall);
490 		GET_COUNTER(v_intr);
491 		GET_COUNTER(v_soft);
492 		GET_COUNTER(v_vm_faults);
493 		GET_COUNTER(v_io_faults);
494 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_faults);
495 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_optim);
496 		GET_COUNTER(v_zfod);
497 		GET_COUNTER(v_ozfod);
498 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapin);
499 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapout);
500 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsin);
501 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsout);
502 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodein);
503 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodeout);
504 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsin);
505 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsout);
506 		GET_COUNTER(v_intrans);
507 		GET_COUNTER(v_tfree);
508 		GET_COUNTER(v_forks);
509 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforks);
510 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforks);
511 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreads);
512 		GET_COUNTER(v_forkpages);
513 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforkpages);
514 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforkpages);
515 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreadpages);
516 #undef GET_COUNTER
517 	} else {
518 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name)	do {					\
519 	size = sizeof(vmmp->name);					\
520 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size);	\
521 } while (0)
522 		/* sys */
523 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
524 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
525 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
526 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
527 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
528 
529 		/* vm */
530 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
531 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
532 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
533 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
534 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
535 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
536 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
537 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
538 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
539 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
540 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
541 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
542 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
543 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
544 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
545 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
546 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
547 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
548 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdshortfalls);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
550 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
551 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
554 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
556 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
557 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
558 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
559 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
560 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
561 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
562 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_laundry_count);
563 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
564 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
565 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
566 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
567 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
568 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
569 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
570 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
571 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
572 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
573 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
574 #undef GET_VM_STATS
575 	}
576 }
577 
578 static void
579 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
580 {
581 	size_t size;
582 
583 	if (kd != NULL) {
584 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
585 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
586 	} else {
587 		size = sizeof(*vmtp);
588 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size);
589 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
590 			xo_errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
591 	}
592 }
593 
594 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
595 static int
596 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
597 {
598 	long *times;
599 	u_long mask;
600 	size_t size;
601 	int empty, i, j, maxcpu, maxid, ncpus;
602 
603 	if (kd != NULL)
604 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
605 	mask = 0;
606 	ncpus = 0;
607 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
608 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size);
609 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
610 		xo_errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
611 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
612 	times = malloc(size);
613 	if (times == NULL)
614 		xo_err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
615 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size);
616 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
617 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
618 		empty = 1;
619 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
620 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
621 				empty = 0;
622 		}
623 		if (!empty) {
624 			mask |= (1ul << i);
625 			ncpus++;
626 		}
627 	}
628 	if (maskp)
629 		*maskp = mask;
630 	if (maxidp)
631 		*maxidp = maxid;
632 	return (ncpus);
633 }
634 
635 
636 static void
637 prthuman(const char *name, uint64_t val, int size)
638 {
639 	int flags;
640 	char buf[10];
641 	char fmt[128];
642 
643 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "{:%s/%%*s}", name);
644 
645 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
646 		xo_errx(1, "doofus");
647 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
648 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
649 	xo_attr("value", "%ju", (uintmax_t) val);
650 	xo_emit(fmt, size, buf);
651 }
652 
653 static void
654 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
655 {
656 	struct clockinfo clockrate;
657 	struct vmtotal total;
658 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
659 	u_long cpumask;
660 	size_t size;
661 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
662 	int ncpus, maxid, rate_adj, retval;
663 
664 	uptime = getuptime() / 1000000000LL;
665 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
666 	rate_adj = 1;
667 	ncpus = 1;
668 	maxid = 0;
669 	cpumask = 0;
670 
671 	/*
672 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
673 	 * print out the header again.
674 	 */
675 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
676 
677 	/*
678 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
679 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
680 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
681 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
682 	 */
683 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
684 		wresized = 1;
685 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
686 	} else {
687 		wresized = 0;
688 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
689 	}
690 
691 	if (kd != NULL) {
692 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
693 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
694 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
695 		if (!hz)
696 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
697 	} else {
698 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
699 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size);
700 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
701 			xo_errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
702 		hz = clockrate.hz;
703 	}
704 
705 	if (Pflag) {
706 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
707 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
708 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
709 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
710 	}
711 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
712 		if (!--hdrcnt)
713 			printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
714 		if (kd != NULL) {
715 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
716 				xo_errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
717 		} else {
718 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
719 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size);
720 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
721 				xo_errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
722 		}
723 		if (Pflag) {
724 			size = size_cp_times;
725 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size);
726 			if (size != size_cp_times)
727 				xo_errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
728 		}
729 
730 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
731 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
732 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
733 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
734 
735 		/*
736 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
737 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
738 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
739 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
740 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
741 		 */
742 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
743 		case -1:
744 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
745 			break;
746 		case 1:
747 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
748 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
749 
750 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
751 			    &num_selections, &select_generation,
752 			    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
753 			    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
754 			    specified_devices,
755 			    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
756 			    maxshowdevs, 0);
757 			switch (retval) {
758 			case -1:
759 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
760 				break;
761 			case 1:
762 				printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
763 				break;
764 			default:
765 				break;
766 			}
767 			break;
768 		default:
769 			break;
770 		}
771 
772 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
773 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
774 		xo_open_container("processes");
775 		xo_emit("{:runnable/%1d} {:waiting/%ld} "
776 		    "{:swapped-out/%ld}", total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw +
777 		    total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
778 		xo_close_container("processes");
779 		xo_open_container("memory");
780 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((uintmax_t)(a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
781 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
782 		if (hflag) {
783 			xo_emit("");
784 			prthuman("available-memory",
785 			    total.t_avm * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
786 			xo_emit(" ");
787 			prthuman("free-memory",
788 			    total.t_free * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
789 			xo_emit(" ");
790 		} else {
791 			xo_emit(" ");
792 			xo_emit("{:available-memory/%7ju}",
793 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
794 			xo_emit(" ");
795 			xo_emit("{:free-memory/%7ju}",
796 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
797 			xo_emit(" ");
798 		}
799 		xo_emit("{:total-page-faults/%5lu} ",
800 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults -
801 		    osum.v_vm_faults));
802 		xo_close_container("memory");
803 
804 		xo_open_container("paging-rates");
805 		xo_emit("{:page-reactivated/%3lu} ",
806 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated -
807 		    osum.v_reactivated));
808 		xo_emit("{:paged-in/%3lu} ",
809 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
810 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
811 		xo_emit("{:paged-out/%3lu} ",
812 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
813 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
814 		xo_emit("{:freed/%5lu} ",
815 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
816 		xo_emit("{:scanned/%4lu} ",
817 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
818 		xo_close_container("paging-rates");
819 
820 		devstats();
821 		xo_open_container("fault-rates");
822 		xo_emit("{:interrupts/%4lu} {:system-calls/%5lu} "
823 		    "{:context-switches/%5lu}",
824 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
825 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
826 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
827 		xo_close_container("fault-rates");
828 		if (Pflag)
829 			pcpustats(cpumask, maxid);
830 		else
831 			cpustats();
832 		xo_emit("\n");
833 		xo_flush();
834 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
835 			break;
836 		osum = sum;
837 		uptime = interval;
838 		rate_adj = 1000;
839 		/*
840 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
841 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
842 		 */
843 		if (interval != 1)
844 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
845 		else
846 			halfuptime = 0;
847 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
848 	}
849 }
850 
851 static void
852 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
853 {
854 	int i, num_shown;
855 
856 	num_shown = MIN(num_selected, maxshowdevs);
857 	if (hflag)
858 		xo_emit("{T:procs}  {T:memory}       {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
859 	else
860 		xo_emit("{T:procs}     {T:memory}        {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
861 	if (num_shown > 1)
862 		xo_emit(" {T:/disks %*s}", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
863 	else if (num_shown == 1)
864 		xo_emit("   {T:disks}");
865 	xo_emit("   {T:faults}      ");
866 	if (Pflag) {
867 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
868 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
869 				xo_emit("  {T:/cpu%d}   ", i);
870 		}
871 		xo_emit("\n");
872 	} else
873 		xo_emit("   {T:cpu}\n");
874 	if (hflag) {
875 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}  {T:avm}   {T:fre}   {T:flt}  {T:re}"
876 		    "  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
877 	} else {
878 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}     {T:avm}     {T:fre}  {T:flt}  "
879 		    "{T:re}  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
880 	}
881 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
882 		if ((dev_select[i].selected) &&
883 		    (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
884 			xo_emit("{T:/%c%c%d} ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
885 			    dev_select[i].device_name[1],
886 			    dev_select[i].unit_number);
887 	xo_emit("  {T:in}    {T:sy}    {T:cs}");
888 	if (Pflag) {
889 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
890 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
891 				xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}");
892 		}
893 		xo_emit("\n");
894 	} else
895 		xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}\n");
896 	if (wresized != 0)
897 		doresize();
898 	hdrcnt = winlines;
899 }
900 
901 /*
902  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
903  */
904 static void
905 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
906 {
907 
908 	hdrcnt = 1;
909 }
910 
911 /*
912  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
913  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
914  * prepended to the next output.
915  */
916 void
917 needresize(int signo __unused)
918 {
919 
920 	wresized = 1;
921 	hdrcnt = 1;
922 }
923 
924 /*
925  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
926  */
927 void
928 doresize(void)
929 {
930 	struct winsize w;
931 	int status;
932 
933 	for (;;) {
934 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
935 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
936 			continue;
937 		else if (status == -1)
938 			xo_err(1, "ioctl");
939 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
940 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
941 		else
942 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
943 		break;
944 	}
945 
946 	/*
947 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
948 	 */
949 	wresized = 0;
950 }
951 
952 static long
953 pct(long top, long bot)
954 {
955 	long ans;
956 
957 	if (bot == 0)
958 		return(0);
959 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
960 	return (ans);
961 }
962 
963 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
964 
965 static void
966 dosum(void)
967 {
968 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
969 	size_t size;
970 	long nchtotal;
971 
972 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
973 	xo_open_container("summary-statistics");
974 	xo_emit("{:context-switches/%9u} {N:cpu context switches}\n",
975 	    sum.v_swtch);
976 	xo_emit("{:interrupts/%9u} {N:device interrupts}\n",
977 	    sum.v_intr);
978 	xo_emit("{:software-interrupts/%9u} {N:software interrupts}\n",
979 	    sum.v_soft);
980 	xo_emit("{:traps/%9u} {N:traps}\n", sum.v_trap);
981 	xo_emit("{:system-calls/%9u} {N:system calls}\n",
982 	    sum.v_syscall);
983 	xo_emit("{:kernel-threads/%9u} {N:kernel threads created}\n",
984 	    sum.v_kthreads);
985 	xo_emit("{:forks/%9u} {N: fork() calls}\n", sum.v_forks);
986 	xo_emit("{:vforks/%9u} {N:vfork() calls}\n",
987 	    sum.v_vforks);
988 	xo_emit("{:rforks/%9u} {N:rfork() calls}\n",
989 	    sum.v_rforks);
990 	xo_emit("{:swap-ins/%9u} {N:swap pager pageins}\n",
991 	    sum.v_swapin);
992 	xo_emit("{:swap-in-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged in}\n",
993 	    sum.v_swappgsin);
994 	xo_emit("{:swap-outs/%9u} {N:swap pager pageouts}\n",
995 	    sum.v_swapout);
996 	xo_emit("{:swap-out-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged out}\n",
997 	    sum.v_swappgsout);
998 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-ins/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageins}\n",
999 	    sum.v_vnodein);
1000 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-in-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged in}\n",
1001 	    sum.v_vnodepgsin);
1002 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageouts}\n",
1003 	    sum.v_vnodeout);
1004 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-out-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged out}\n",
1005 	    sum.v_vnodepgsout);
1006 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-wakeups/%9u} {N:page daemon wakeups}\n",
1007 	    sum.v_pdwakeups);
1008 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-pages/%9u} {N:pages examined by the page "
1009 	    "daemon}\n", sum.v_pdpages);
1010 	xo_emit("{:page-reclamation-shortfalls/%9u} {N:clean page reclamation "
1011 	    "shortfalls}\n", sum.v_pdshortfalls);
1012 	xo_emit("{:reactivated/%9u} {N:pages reactivated by the page daemon}\n",
1013 	    sum.v_reactivated);
1014 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write faults}\n",
1015 	    sum.v_cow_faults);
1016 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-optimized-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write "
1017 	    "optimized faults}\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
1018 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-pages/%9u} {N:zero fill pages zeroed}\n",
1019 	    sum.v_zfod);
1020 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-prezeroed/%9u} {N:zero fill pages prezeroed}\n",
1021 	    sum.v_ozfod);
1022 	xo_emit("{:intransit-blocking/%9u} {N:intransit blocking page faults}\n",
1023 	    sum.v_intrans);
1024 	xo_emit("{:total-faults/%9u} {N:total VM faults taken}\n",
1025 	    sum.v_vm_faults);
1026 	xo_emit("{:faults-requiring-io/%9u} {N:page faults requiring I\\/O}\n",
1027 	    sum.v_io_faults);
1028 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-thread-creation/%9u} {N:pages affected by "
1029 	    "kernel thread creation}\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
1030 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-fork/%9u} {N:pages affected by  fork}()\n",
1031 	    sum.v_forkpages);
1032 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-vfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by vfork}()\n",
1033 	    sum.v_vforkpages);
1034 	xo_emit("{:pages-rfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by rfork}()\n",
1035 	    sum.v_rforkpages);
1036 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed/%9u} {N:pages freed}\n",
1037 	    sum.v_tfree);
1038 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-by-daemon/%9u} {N:pages freed by daemon}\n",
1039 	    sum.v_dfree);
1040 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-on-exit/%9u} {N:pages freed by exiting processes}\n",
1041 	    sum.v_pfree);
1042 	xo_emit("{:active-pages/%9u} {N:pages active}\n",
1043 	    sum.v_active_count);
1044 	xo_emit("{:inactive-pages/%9u} {N:pages inactive}\n",
1045 	    sum.v_inactive_count);
1046 	xo_emit("{:laundry-pages/%9u} {N:pages in the laundry queue}\n",
1047 	    sum.v_laundry_count);
1048 	xo_emit("{:wired-pages/%9u} {N:pages wired down}\n",
1049 	    sum.v_wire_count);
1050 	xo_emit("{:free-pages/%9u} {N:pages free}\n",
1051 	    sum.v_free_count);
1052 	xo_emit("{:bytes-per-page/%9u} {N:bytes per page}\n", sum.v_page_size);
1053 	if (kd != NULL) {
1054 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1055 	} else {
1056 		size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1057 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size);
1058 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1059 			xo_errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1060 	}
1061 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1062 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1063 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1064 	xo_emit("{:total-name-lookups/%9ld} {N:total name lookups}\n",
1065 	    nchtotal);
1066 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {N:cache hits} "
1067 	    "({:positive-cache-hits/%ld}% pos + "
1068 	    "{:negative-cache-hits/%ld}% {N:neg}) "
1069 	    "system {:cache-hit-percent/%ld}% per-directory\n",
1070 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1071 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1072 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1073 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {L:deletions} {:deletions/%ld}%, "
1074 	    "{L:falsehits} {:false-hits/%ld}%, "
1075 	    "{L:toolong} {:too-long/%ld}%\n", "",
1076 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1077 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1078 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1079 	xo_close_container("summary-statistics");
1080 }
1081 
1082 static void
1083 doforkst(void)
1084 {
1085 
1086 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1087 	xo_open_container("fork-statistics");
1088 	xo_emit("{:fork/%u} {N:forks}, {:fork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1089 	    "{L:average} {:fork-average/%.2f}\n",
1090 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1091 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1092 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1093 	xo_emit("{:vfork/%u} {N:vforks}, {:vfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1094 	    "{L:average} {:vfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1095 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1096 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1097 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1098 	xo_emit("{:rfork/%u} {N:rforks}, {:rfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1099 	    "{L:average} {:rfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1100 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1101 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1102 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1103 	xo_close_container("fork-statistics");
1104 }
1105 
1106 static void
1107 devstats(void)
1108 {
1109 	long double busy_seconds, transfers_per_second;
1110 	long tmp;
1111 	int di, dn, state;
1112 
1113 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1114 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1115 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1116 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1117 	}
1118 
1119 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1120 
1121 	xo_open_list("device");
1122 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1123 		if (dev_select[dn].selected == 0 ||
1124 		    dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs)
1125 			continue;
1126 
1127 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1128 
1129 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1130 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1131 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1132 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1133 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1134 
1135 		xo_open_instance("device");
1136 		xo_emit("{ekq:name/%c%c%d}{:transfers/%3.0Lf} ",
1137 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[0],
1138 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[1],
1139 		    dev_select[dn].unit_number,
1140 		    transfers_per_second);
1141 		xo_close_instance("device");
1142 	}
1143 	xo_close_list("device");
1144 }
1145 
1146 static void
1147 percent(const char *name, double pctv, int *over)
1148 {
1149 	int l;
1150 	char buf[10];
1151 	char fmt[128];
1152 
1153 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), " {:%s/%%*s}", name);
1154 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pctv);
1155 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1156 		xo_emit(fmt, 1, buf);
1157 		(*over)--;
1158 	} else
1159 		xo_emit(fmt, 2, buf);
1160 	if (l > 2)
1161 		(*over)++;
1162 }
1163 
1164 static void
1165 cpustats(void)
1166 {
1167 	double lpct, total;
1168 	int state, over;
1169 
1170 	total = 0;
1171 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1172 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1173 	if (total > 0)
1174 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1175 	else
1176 		lpct = 0.0;
1177 	over = 0;
1178 	xo_open_container("cpu-statistics");
1179 	percent("user", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct,
1180 	    &over);
1181 	percent("system", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct,
1182 	    &over);
1183 	percent("idle", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1184 	xo_close_container("cpu-statistics");
1185 }
1186 
1187 static void
1188 pcpustats(u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1189 {
1190 	double lpct, total;
1191 	long tmp;
1192 	int i, over, state;
1193 
1194 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1195 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1196 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1197 			continue;
1198 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1199 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1200 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i *
1201 			    CPUSTATES + state];
1202 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1203 		}
1204 	}
1205 
1206 	over = 0;
1207 	xo_open_list("cpu");
1208 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1209 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1210 			continue;
1211 		xo_open_instance("cpu");
1212 		xo_emit("{ke:name/%d}", i);
1213 		total = 0;
1214 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1215 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1216 		if (total)
1217 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1218 		else
1219 			lpct = 0.0;
1220 		percent("user", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1221 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1222 		percent("system", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1223 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1224 		percent("idle", cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct,
1225 		    &over);
1226 		xo_close_instance("cpu");
1227 	}
1228 	xo_close_list("cpu");
1229 }
1230 
1231 static unsigned int
1232 read_intrcnts(unsigned long **intrcnts)
1233 {
1234 	size_t intrcntlen;
1235 
1236 	if (kd != NULL) {
1237 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1238 		if ((*intrcnts = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1239 			err(1, "malloc()");
1240 		kread(X_INTRCNT, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1241 	} else {
1242 		for (*intrcnts = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1243 			*intrcnts = reallocf(*intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1244 			if (*intrcnts == NULL)
1245 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1246 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt", *intrcnts, &intrcntlen) == 0)
1247 				break;
1248 		}
1249 	}
1250 
1251 	return (intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long));
1252 }
1253 
1254 static void
1255 print_intrcnts(unsigned long *intrcnts, unsigned long *old_intrcnts,
1256     char *intrnames, unsigned int nintr, size_t istrnamlen, long long period_ms)
1257 {
1258 	unsigned long *intrcnt, *old_intrcnt;
1259 	char *intrname;
1260 	uint64_t inttotal, old_inttotal, total_count, total_rate;
1261 	unsigned long count, rate;
1262 	unsigned int i;
1263 
1264 	inttotal = 0;
1265 	old_inttotal = 0;
1266 	intrname = intrnames;
1267 	xo_open_list("interrupt");
1268 	for (i = 0, intrcnt=intrcnts, old_intrcnt=old_intrcnts; i < nintr; i++) {
1269 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag)) {
1270 			count = *intrcnt - *old_intrcnt;
1271 			rate = ((uint64_t)count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1272 			xo_open_instance("interrupt");
1273 			xo_emit("{d:name/%-*s}{ket:name/%s} "
1274 			    "{:total/%20lu} {:rate/%10lu}\n",
1275 			    (int)istrnamlen, intrname, intrname, count, rate);
1276 			xo_close_instance("interrupt");
1277 		}
1278 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1279 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1280 		old_inttotal += *old_intrcnt++;
1281 	}
1282 	total_count = inttotal - old_inttotal;
1283 	total_rate = (total_count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1284 	xo_close_list("interrupt");
1285 	xo_emit("{L:/%-*s} {:total-interrupts/%20ju} "
1286 	    "{:total-rate/%10ju}\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1287 	    "Total", (uintmax_t)total_count, (uintmax_t)total_rate);
1288 }
1289 
1290 static void
1291 dointr(unsigned int interval, int reps)
1292 {
1293 	unsigned long *intrcnts, *old_intrcnts;
1294 	char *intrname, *intrnames;
1295 	long long period_ms, old_uptime, uptime;
1296 	size_t clen, inamlen, istrnamlen;
1297 	unsigned int nintr;
1298 
1299 	old_intrcnts = NULL;
1300 	uptime = getuptime();
1301 
1302 	/* Get the names of each interrupt source */
1303 	if (kd != NULL) {
1304 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1305 		if ((intrnames = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1306 			xo_err(1, "malloc()");
1307 		kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrnames, inamlen);
1308 	} else {
1309 		for (intrnames = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1310 			if ((intrnames = reallocf(intrnames, inamlen)) == NULL)
1311 				xo_err(1, "reallocf()");
1312 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames", intrnames, &inamlen) == 0)
1313 				break;
1314 		}
1315 	}
1316 
1317 	/* Determine the length of the longest interrupt name */
1318 	intrname = intrnames;
1319 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1320 	while(*intrname != '\0') {
1321 		clen = strlen(intrname);
1322 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1323 			istrnamlen = clen;
1324 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1325 	}
1326 	xo_emit("{T:/%-*s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s}\n",
1327 	    (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1328 
1329 	/*
1330 	 * Loop reps times printing differential interrupt counts.  If reps is
1331 	 * zero, then run just once, printing total counts
1332 	 */
1333 	xo_open_container("interrupt-statistics");
1334 
1335 	period_ms = uptime / 1000000;
1336 	while(1) {
1337 		nintr = read_intrcnts(&intrcnts);
1338 		/*
1339 		 * Initialize old_intrcnts to 0 for the first pass, so
1340 		 * print_intrcnts will print total interrupts since boot
1341 		 */
1342 		if (old_intrcnts == NULL) {
1343 			old_intrcnts = calloc(nintr, sizeof(unsigned long));
1344 			if (old_intrcnts == NULL)
1345 				xo_err(1, "calloc()");
1346 		}
1347 
1348 		print_intrcnts(intrcnts, old_intrcnts, intrnames, nintr,
1349 		    istrnamlen, period_ms);
1350 		xo_flush();
1351 
1352 		free(old_intrcnts);
1353 		old_intrcnts = intrcnts;
1354 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
1355 			break;
1356 		usleep(interval * 1000);
1357 		old_uptime = uptime;
1358 		uptime = getuptime();
1359 		period_ms = (uptime - old_uptime) / 1000000;
1360 	}
1361 
1362 	xo_close_container("interrupt-statistics");
1363 }
1364 
1365 static void
1366 domemstat_malloc(void)
1367 {
1368 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1369 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1370 	int error, first, i;
1371 
1372 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1373 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1374 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1375 		return;
1376 	}
1377 	if (kd == NULL) {
1378 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1379 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1380 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1381 			return;
1382 		}
1383 	} else {
1384 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1385 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1386 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1387 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1388 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1389 			else
1390 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1391 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1392 		}
1393 	}
1394 	xo_open_container("malloc-statistics");
1395 	xo_emit("{T:/%13s} {T:/%5s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%8s}  {T:Size(s)}\n",
1396 	    "Type", "InUse", "MemUse", "HighUse", "Requests");
1397 	xo_open_list("memory");
1398 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1399 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1400 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1401 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1402 			continue;
1403 		xo_open_instance("memory");
1404 		xo_emit("{k:type/%13s/%s} {:in-use/%5ju} "
1405 		    "{:memory-use/%5ju}{U:K} {:high-use/%7s} "
1406 		    "{:requests/%8ju}  ",
1407 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1408 		    ((uintmax_t)memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1409 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1410 		first = 1;
1411 		xo_open_list("size");
1412 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1413 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1414 				if (!first)
1415 					xo_emit(",");
1416 				xo_emit("{l:size/%d}", 1 << (i + 4));
1417 				first = 0;
1418 			}
1419 		}
1420 		xo_close_list("size");
1421 		xo_close_instance("memory");
1422 		xo_emit("\n");
1423 	}
1424 	xo_close_list("memory");
1425 	xo_close_container("malloc-statistics");
1426 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1427 }
1428 
1429 static void
1430 domemstat_zone(void)
1431 {
1432 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1433 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1434 	int error;
1435 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1436 
1437 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1438 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1439 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1440 		return;
1441 	}
1442 	if (kd == NULL) {
1443 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1444 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1445 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1446 			return;
1447 		}
1448 	} else {
1449 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1450 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1451 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1452 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1453 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1454 			else
1455 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1456 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1457 		}
1458 	}
1459 	xo_open_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1460 	xo_emit("{T:/%-20s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} "
1461 	    "{T:/%4s} {T:/%4s}\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1462 	    "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1463 	xo_open_list("zone");
1464 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1465 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1466 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1467 		strcat(name, ":");
1468 		xo_open_instance("zone");
1469 		xo_emit("{d:name/%-20s}{ke:name/%s} {:size/%6ju}, "
1470 		    "{:limit/%6ju},{:used/%8ju},"
1471 		    "{:free/%8ju},{:requests/%8ju},"
1472 		    "{:fail/%4ju},{:sleep/%4ju}\n", name,
1473 		    memstat_get_name(mtp),
1474 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_size(mtp),
1475 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1476 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1477 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_free(mtp),
1478 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp),
1479 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1480 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1481 		xo_close_instance("zone");
1482 	}
1483 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1484 	xo_close_list("zone");
1485 	xo_close_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1486 	xo_emit("\n");
1487 }
1488 
1489 static void
1490 display_object(struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo)
1491 {
1492 	const char *str;
1493 
1494 	xo_open_instance("object");
1495 	xo_emit("{:resident/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_resident);
1496 	xo_emit("{:active/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_active);
1497 	xo_emit("{:inactive/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_inactive);
1498 	xo_emit("{:refcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_ref_count);
1499 	xo_emit("{:shadowcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_shadow_count);
1500 	switch (kvo->kvo_memattr) {
1501 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE
1502 	case VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE:
1503 		str = "UC";
1504 		break;
1505 #endif
1506 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING
1507 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING:
1508 		str = "WC";
1509 		break;
1510 #endif
1511 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH
1512 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH:
1513 		str = "WT";
1514 		break;
1515 #endif
1516 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED
1517 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED:
1518 		str = "WP";
1519 		break;
1520 #endif
1521 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK
1522 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK:
1523 		str = "WB";
1524 		break;
1525 #endif
1526 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE
1527 	case VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE:
1528 		str = "UC-";
1529 		break;
1530 #endif
1531 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA
1532 	case VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA:
1533 		str = "WB";
1534 		break;
1535 #endif
1536 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE
1537 	case VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE:
1538 		str = "NC";
1539 		break;
1540 #endif
1541 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE
1542 	case VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE:
1543 		str = "DEV";
1544 		break;
1545 #endif
1546 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE
1547 	case VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE:
1548 		str = "C";
1549 		break;
1550 #endif
1551 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE
1552 	case VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE:
1553 		str = "PRE";
1554 		break;
1555 #endif
1556 	default:
1557 		str = "??";
1558 		break;
1559 	}
1560 	xo_emit("{:attribute/%-3s} ", str);
1561 	switch (kvo->kvo_type) {
1562 	case KVME_TYPE_NONE:
1563 		str = "--";
1564 		break;
1565 	case KVME_TYPE_DEFAULT:
1566 		str = "df";
1567 		break;
1568 	case KVME_TYPE_VNODE:
1569 		str = "vn";
1570 		break;
1571 	case KVME_TYPE_SWAP:
1572 		str = "sw";
1573 		break;
1574 	case KVME_TYPE_DEVICE:
1575 		str = "dv";
1576 		break;
1577 	case KVME_TYPE_PHYS:
1578 		str = "ph";
1579 		break;
1580 	case KVME_TYPE_DEAD:
1581 		str = "dd";
1582 		break;
1583 	case KVME_TYPE_SG:
1584 		str = "sg";
1585 		break;
1586 	case KVME_TYPE_MGTDEVICE:
1587 		str = "md";
1588 		break;
1589 	case KVME_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
1590 	default:
1591 		str = "??";
1592 		break;
1593 	}
1594 	xo_emit("{:type/%-2s} ", str);
1595 	xo_emit("{:path/%-s}\n", kvo->kvo_path);
1596 	xo_close_instance("object");
1597 }
1598 
1599 static void
1600 doobjstat(void)
1601 {
1602 	struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo;
1603 	int cnt, i;
1604 
1605 	kvo = kinfo_getvmobject(&cnt);
1606 	if (kvo == NULL) {
1607 		xo_warn("Failed to fetch VM object list");
1608 		return;
1609 	}
1610 	xo_emit("{T:RES/%5s} {T:ACT/%5s} {T:INACT/%5s} {T:REF/%3s} {T:SHD/%3s} "
1611 	    "{T:CM/%3s} {T:TP/%2s} {T:PATH/%s}\n");
1612 	xo_open_list("object");
1613 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
1614 		display_object(&kvo[i]);
1615 	free(kvo);
1616 	xo_close_list("object");
1617 }
1618 
1619 /*
1620  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1621  */
1622 static void
1623 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1624 {
1625 	const char *sym;
1626 
1627 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1628 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1629 		if (*sym == '_')
1630 			++sym;
1631 		xo_errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1632 	}
1633 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1634 	    size) != size) {
1635 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1636 		if (*sym == '_')
1637 			++sym;
1638 		xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1639 	}
1640 }
1641 
1642 static void
1643 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1644 {
1645 
1646 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1647 }
1648 
1649 static void __dead2
1650 usage(void)
1651 {
1652 	xo_error("%s%s",
1653 	    "usage: vmstat [-afHhimoPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1654 	    "              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1655 	xo_finish();
1656 	exit(1);
1657 }
1658