xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 41466b50c1d5bfd1cf6adaae547a579a75d7c04e)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static const char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
43 #endif
44 static const char rcsid[] =
45   "$FreeBSD$";
46 #endif /* not lint */
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
52 #include <sys/uio.h>
53 #include <sys/namei.h>
54 #include <sys/malloc.h>
55 #include <sys/signal.h>
56 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
59 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
60 
61 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
62 
63 #include <ctype.h>
64 #include <err.h>
65 #include <errno.h>
66 #include <kvm.h>
67 #include <limits.h>
68 #include <nlist.h>
69 #include <paths.h>
70 #include <stdio.h>
71 #include <stdlib.h>
72 #include <string.h>
73 #include <sysexits.h>
74 #include <time.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 #include <devstat.h>
77 
78 struct nlist namelist[] = {
79 #define	X_CPTIME	0
80 	{ "_cp_time" },
81 #define X_SUM		1
82 	{ "_cnt" },
83 #define	X_BOOTTIME	2
84 	{ "_boottime" },
85 #define X_HZ		3
86 	{ "_hz" },
87 #define X_STATHZ	4
88 	{ "_stathz" },
89 #define X_NCHSTATS	5
90 	{ "_nchstats" },
91 #define	X_INTRNAMES	6
92 	{ "_intrnames" },
93 #define	X_EINTRNAMES	7
94 	{ "_eintrnames" },
95 #define	X_INTRCNT	8
96 	{ "_intrcnt" },
97 #define	X_EINTRCNT	9
98 	{ "_eintrcnt" },
99 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	10
100 	{ "_kmemstatistics" },
101 #define	X_KMEMBUCKETS	11
102 	{ "_bucket" },
103 #define	X_ZLIST		12
104 	{ "_zlist" },
105 #ifdef notyet
106 #define	X_DEFICIT	13
107 	{ "_deficit" },
108 #define	X_FORKSTAT	14
109 	{ "_forkstat" },
110 #define X_REC		15
111 	{ "_rectime" },
112 #define X_PGIN		16
113 	{ "_pgintime" },
114 #define	X_XSTATS	17
115 	{ "_xstats" },
116 #define X_END		18
117 #else
118 #define X_END		13
119 #endif
120 	{ "" },
121 };
122 
123 struct statinfo cur, last;
124 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
125 long generation;
126 struct device_selection *dev_select;
127 int num_selected;
128 struct devstat_match *matches;
129 int num_matches = 0;
130 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
131 long select_generation;
132 char **specified_devices;
133 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
134 
135 struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
136 
137 int	winlines = 20;
138 int	nflag = 0;
139 
140 kvm_t *kd;
141 
142 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
143 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
144 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
145 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
146 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
147 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
148 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
149 
150 void	cpustats(), dointr(), domem(), dosum(), dozmem();
151 void	dovmstat(), kread(), usage();
152 #ifdef notyet
153 void	dotimes(), doforkst();
154 #endif
155 void printhdr __P((void));
156 static void devstats();
157 
158 int
159 main(argc, argv)
160 	register int argc;
161 	register char **argv;
162 {
163 	register int c, todo;
164 	u_int interval;
165 	int reps;
166 	char *memf, *nlistf;
167 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
168 
169 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
170 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
171 	maxshowdevs = 2;
172 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
173 		switch (c) {
174 		case 'c':
175 			reps = atoi(optarg);
176 			break;
177 		case 'f':
178 #ifdef notyet
179 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
180 #else
181 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
182 #endif
183 			break;
184 		case 'i':
185 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
186 			break;
187 		case 'M':
188 			memf = optarg;
189 			break;
190 		case 'm':
191 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
192 			break;
193 		case 'N':
194 			nlistf = optarg;
195 			break;
196 		case 'n':
197 			nflag = 1;
198 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
199 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
200 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
201 				     maxshowdevs);
202 			break;
203 		case 'p':
204 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
205 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
206 			break;
207 		case 's':
208 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
209 			break;
210 		case 't':
211 #ifdef notyet
212 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
213 #else
214 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
215 #endif
216 			break;
217 		case 'w':
218 			interval = atoi(optarg);
219 			break;
220 		case 'z':
221 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
222 			break;
223 		case '?':
224 		default:
225 			usage();
226 		}
227 	}
228 	argc -= optind;
229 	argv += optind;
230 
231 	if (todo == 0)
232 		todo = VMSTAT;
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
236 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
237 	 */
238 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
239 		setgid(getgid());
240 
241 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
242 	if (kd == 0)
243 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
244 	setgid(getgid());
245 
246 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
247 		if (c > 0) {
248 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
249 			for (c = 0;
250 			    c < sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]); c++)
251 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
252 					(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s",
253 					    namelist[c].n_name);
254 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
255 		} else
256 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
257 		exit(1);
258 	}
259 
260 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
261 		char **getdrivedata();
262 		struct winsize winsize;
263 
264 		/*
265 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
266 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
267 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
268 		 */
269 		if (checkversion() < 0)
270 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
271 
272 
273 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
274 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
275 		(void) ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
276 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
277 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
278 
279 	}
280 
281 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
282 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
283 	if (*argv) {
284 		interval = atoi(*argv);
285 		if (*++argv)
286 			reps = atoi(*argv);
287 	}
288 #endif
289 
290 	if (interval) {
291 		if (!reps)
292 			reps = -1;
293 	} else if (reps)
294 		interval = 1;
295 
296 #ifdef notyet
297 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
298 		doforkst();
299 #endif
300 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
301 		domem();
302 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
303 		dozmem();
304 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
305 		dosum();
306 #ifdef notyet
307 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
308 		dotimes();
309 #endif
310 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
311 		dointr();
312 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
313 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
314 	exit(0);
315 }
316 
317 char **
318 getdrivedata(argv)
319 	char **argv;
320 {
321 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
322 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
323 
324 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
325 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
326 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
327 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
328 
329 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
330 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
331 
332 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
333 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
334 
335 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
336 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
337 		if (isdigit(**argv))
338 			break;
339 		num_devices_specified++;
340 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
341 						     sizeof(char *) *
342 						     num_devices_specified);
343 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
344 	}
345 	dev_select = NULL;
346 
347 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
348 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
349 
350 	/*
351 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
352 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
353 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
354 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
355 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
356 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
357 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
358 	 * those devices.
359 	 */
360 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
361 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
362 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
363 
364 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
365 	} else
366 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
367 
368 	/*
369 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
370 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
371 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
372 	 */
373 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
374 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
375 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
376 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
377 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
378 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
379 
380 	return(argv);
381 }
382 
383 long
384 getuptime()
385 {
386 	static time_t now, boottime;
387 	time_t uptime;
388 
389 	if (boottime == 0)
390 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
391 	(void)time(&now);
392 	uptime = now - boottime;
393 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
394 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
395 	return(uptime);
396 }
397 
398 int	hz, hdrcnt;
399 
400 void
401 dovmstat(interval, reps)
402 	u_int interval;
403 	int reps;
404 {
405 	struct vmtotal total;
406 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
407 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
408 	void needhdr();
409 	int mib[2];
410 	size_t size;
411 
412 	uptime = getuptime();
413 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
414 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
415 
416 	if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 && namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
417 		kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
418 	if (!hz)
419 		kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
420 
421 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
422 		if (!--hdrcnt)
423 			printhdr();
424 		kread(X_CPTIME, cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
425 
426 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
427 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
428 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
429 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
430 
431 		/*
432 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
433 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
434 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
435 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
436 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
437 		 */
438 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
439 		case -1:
440 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
441 			break;
442 		case 1: {
443 			int retval;
444 
445 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
446 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
447 
448 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
449 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
450 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
451 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
452 					    specified_devices,
453 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
454 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
455 			switch (retval) {
456 			case -1:
457 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
458 				break;
459 			case 1:
460 				printhdr();
461 				break;
462 			default:
463 				break;
464 			}
465 		}
466 		default:
467 			break;
468 		}
469 
470 		kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
471 		size = sizeof(total);
472 		mib[0] = CTL_VM;
473 		mib[1] = VM_METER;
474 		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &total, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
475 			(void)printf("Can't get kerninfo: %s\n",
476 				     strerror(errno));
477 			bzero(&total, sizeof(total));
478 		}
479 		(void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
480 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
481 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * sum.v_page_size >> 10)
482 #define	rate(x)	(((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
483 		(void)printf(" %7ld %6ld ", (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm),
484 			     (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
485 		(void)printf("%4lu ",
486 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
487 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
488 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
489 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
490 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
491 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
492 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
493 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
494 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
495 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
496 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
497 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
498 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
499 		devstats();
500 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
501 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
502 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
503 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
504 		cpustats();
505 		(void)printf("\n");
506 		(void)fflush(stdout);
507 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
508 			break;
509 		osum = sum;
510 		uptime = interval;
511 		/*
512 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
513 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
514 		 */
515 		if (interval != 1)
516 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
517 		else
518 			halfuptime = 0;
519 		(void)sleep(interval);
520 	}
521 }
522 
523 void
524 printhdr()
525 {
526 	int i, num_shown;
527 
528 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
529 	(void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
530 	if (num_shown > 1)
531 		(void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
532 	else if (num_shown == 1)
533 		(void)printf("disk");
534 	(void)printf("   faults      cpu\n");
535 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
536 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
537 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
538 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
539 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
540 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
541 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
542 	(void)printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
543 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
548  */
549 void
550 needhdr()
551 {
552 
553 	hdrcnt = 1;
554 }
555 
556 #ifdef notyet
557 void
558 dotimes()
559 {
560 	u_int pgintime, rectime;
561 
562 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
563 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
564 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
565 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
566 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
567 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
568 	(void)printf("\n");
569 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
570 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
571 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
572 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
573 }
574 #endif
575 
576 long
577 pct(top, bot)
578 	long top, bot;
579 {
580 	long ans;
581 
582 	if (bot == 0)
583 		return(0);
584 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
585 	return (ans);
586 }
587 
588 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
589 
590 void
591 dosum()
592 {
593 	struct nchstats nchstats;
594 	long nchtotal;
595 
596 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
597 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
598 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
599 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
600 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
601 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
602 	(void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
603 	(void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
604 	(void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
605 	(void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
606 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
607 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
608 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
609 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
610 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
611 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
612 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
613 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
614 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
615 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
616 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
617 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
618 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
619 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
620 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
621 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
622 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
623 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
624 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
625 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
626 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
627 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
628 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
629 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
630 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
631 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
632 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
633 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
634 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
635 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
636 	kread(X_NCHSTATS, &nchstats, sizeof(nchstats));
637 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
638 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
639 	    nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
640 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
641 	(void)printf(
642 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
643 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
644 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
645 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
646 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
647 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
648 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
649 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
650 }
651 
652 #ifdef notyet
653 void
654 doforkst()
655 {
656 	struct forkstat fks;
657 
658 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
659 	(void)printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
660 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
661 	(void)printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
662 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
663 }
664 #endif
665 
666 static void
667 devstats()
668 {
669 	register int dn, state;
670 	long double transfers_per_second;
671 	long double busy_seconds;
672 	long tmp;
673 
674 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
675 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
676 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
677 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
678 	}
679 
680 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
681 
682 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
683 		int di;
684 
685 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
686 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
687 			continue;
688 
689 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
690 
691 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
692 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
693 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
694 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
695 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
696 
697 		(void)printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
698 	}
699 }
700 
701 void
702 cpustats()
703 {
704 	register int state;
705 	double pct, total;
706 
707 	total = 0;
708 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
709 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
710 	if (total)
711 		pct = 100 / total;
712 	else
713 		pct = 0;
714 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] +
715 				cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * pct);
716 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] +
717 				cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * pct);
718 	(void)printf("%2.0f", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * pct);
719 }
720 
721 void
722 dointr()
723 {
724 	register u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
725 	register u_int64_t inttotal;
726 	register int nintr, inamlen;
727 	register char *intrname;
728 
729 	uptime = getuptime();
730 	nintr = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value - namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
731 	inamlen =
732 	    namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value - namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
733 	intrcnt = malloc((size_t)nintr);
734 	intrname = malloc((size_t)inamlen);
735 	if (intrcnt == NULL || intrname == NULL)
736 		errx(1, "malloc");
737 	kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, (size_t)nintr);
738 	kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, (size_t)inamlen);
739 	(void)printf("interrupt                   total       rate\n");
740 	inttotal = 0;
741 	nintr /= sizeof(long);
742 	while (--nintr >= 0) {
743 		if (*intrcnt)
744 			(void)printf("%-12s %20lu %10lu\n", intrname,
745 			    *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
746 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
747 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
748 	}
749 	(void)printf("Total        %20llu %10llu\n", inttotal,
750 			inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
751 }
752 
753 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	200
754 
755 void
756 domem()
757 {
758 	register struct kmembuckets *kp;
759 	register struct malloc_type *ks;
760 	register int i, j;
761 	int len, size, first, nkms;
762 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
763 	const char *name;
764 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
765 	char buf[1024];
766 	struct kmembuckets buckets[MINBUCKET + 16];
767 
768 	kread(X_KMEMBUCKETS, buckets, sizeof(buckets));
769 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
770 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
771 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
772 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
773 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
774 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
775 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
776 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
777 			    (void *)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
778 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
779 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
780 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
781 	}
782 	if (kmsp != NULL)
783 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
784 	(void)printf("Memory statistics by bucket size\n");
785 	(void)printf(
786 	    "Size   In Use   Free   Requests  HighWater  Couldfree\n");
787 	for (i = MINBUCKET, kp = &buckets[i]; i < MINBUCKET + 16; i++, kp++) {
788 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
789 			continue;
790 		size = 1 << i;
791 		if(size < 1024)
792 			(void)printf("%4d",size);
793 		else
794 			(void)printf("%3dK",size>>10);
795 		(void)printf(" %8ld %6ld %10lld %7ld %10ld\n",
796 			kp->kb_total - kp->kb_totalfree,
797 			kp->kb_totalfree, kp->kb_calls,
798 			kp->kb_highwat, kp->kb_couldfree);
799 		totfree += size * kp->kb_totalfree;
800 	}
801 
802 	(void)printf("\nMemory usage type by bucket size\n");
803 	(void)printf("Size  Type(s)\n");
804 	kp = &buckets[MINBUCKET];
805 	for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1, kp++) {
806 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
807 			continue;
808 		first = 1;
809 		len = 8;
810 		for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
811 			if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
812 				continue;
813 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
814 				continue;
815 			name = ks->ks_shortdesc;
816 			len += 2 + strlen(name);
817 			if (first && j < 1024)
818 				(void)printf("%4d  %s", j, name);
819 			else if (first)
820 				(void)printf("%3dK  %s", j>>10, name);
821 			else
822 				(void)printf(",");
823 			if (len >= 79) {
824 				(void)printf("\n\t ");
825 				len = 10 + strlen(name);
826 			}
827 			if (!first)
828 				(void)printf(" %s", name);
829 			first = 0;
830 		}
831 		(void)printf("\n");
832 	}
833 
834 	(void)printf(
835 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
836 	(void)printf(
837 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
838 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
839 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
840 			continue;
841 		(void)printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%6ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
842 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
843 		    ks->ks_inuse, (ks->ks_memuse + 1023) / 1024,
844 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
845 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
846 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
847 		first = 1;
848 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
849 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
850 				continue;
851 			if (first)
852 				(void)printf("  ");
853 			else
854 				(void)printf(",");
855 			if(j<1024)
856 				(void)printf("%d",j);
857 			else
858 				(void)printf("%dK",j>>10);
859 			first = 0;
860 		}
861 		(void)printf("\n");
862 		totuse += ks->ks_memuse;
863 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
864 	}
865 	(void)printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
866 	(void)printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
867 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
868 }
869 
870 void
871 dozmem()
872 {
873 	char *buf;
874 	size_t bufsize;
875 
876 	buf = NULL;
877 	bufsize = 1024;
878 	for (;;) {
879 		if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
880 			err(1, "realloc()");
881 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
882 			break;
883 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
884 			err(1, "sysctl()");
885 		bufsize *= 2;
886 	}
887 	buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
888 	(void)printf("%s\n\n", buf);
889 	free(buf);
890 }
891 
892 /*
893  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
894  */
895 void
896 kread(nlx, addr, size)
897 	int nlx;
898 	void *addr;
899 	size_t size;
900 {
901 	char *sym;
902 
903 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
904 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
905 		if (*sym == '_')
906 			++sym;
907 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
908 	}
909 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != size) {
910 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
911 		if (*sym == '_')
912 			++sym;
913 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
914 	}
915 }
916 
917 void
918 usage()
919 {
920 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
921 		"usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
922 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
923 	exit(1);
924 }
925