xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 405c3050f102b8c74782f0366c8ead927bd07b68)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 static const char copyright[] =
34 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
35 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/uio.h>
50 #include <sys/namei.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/signal.h>
53 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
54 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resource.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/time.h>
58 #include <sys/user.h>
59 #define	_WANT_VMMETER
60 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
61 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
62 
63 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
64 
65 #include <ctype.h>
66 #include <devstat.h>
67 #include <err.h>
68 #include <errno.h>
69 #include <inttypes.h>
70 #include <kvm.h>
71 #include <limits.h>
72 #include <memstat.h>
73 #include <nlist.h>
74 #include <paths.h>
75 #include <stdio.h>
76 #include <stdlib.h>
77 #include <string.h>
78 #include <sysexits.h>
79 #include <time.h>
80 #include <unistd.h>
81 #include <libutil.h>
82 #include <libxo/xo.h>
83 
84 #define VMSTAT_XO_VERSION "1"
85 
86 static char da[] = "da";
87 
88 enum x_stats { X_SUM, X_HZ, X_STATHZ, X_NCHSTATS, X_INTRNAMES, X_SINTRNAMES,
89     X_INTRCNT, X_SINTRCNT, X_NINTRCNT };
90 
91 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
92 	[X_SUM] = { .n_name = "_vm_cnt", },
93 	[X_HZ] = { .n_name = "_hz", },
94 	[X_STATHZ] = { .n_name = "_stathz", },
95 	[X_NCHSTATS] = { .n_name = "_nchstats", },
96 	[X_INTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_intrnames", },
97 	[X_SINTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_sintrnames", },
98 	[X_INTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_intrcnt", },
99 	[X_SINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_sintrcnt", },
100 	[X_NINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_nintrcnt", },
101 	{ .n_name = NULL, },
102 };
103 
104 static struct devstat_match *matches;
105 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
106 static struct statinfo cur, last;
107 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
108 static size_t size_cp_times;
109 static long *cur_cp_times, *last_cp_times;
110 static long generation, select_generation;
111 static int hz, hdrcnt, maxshowdevs;
112 static int num_devices, num_devices_specified;
113 static int num_matches, num_selected, num_selections;
114 static char **specified_devices;
115 
116 static struct __vmmeter {
117 	uint64_t v_swtch;
118 	uint64_t v_trap;
119 	uint64_t v_syscall;
120 	uint64_t v_intr;
121 	uint64_t v_soft;
122 	uint64_t v_vm_faults;
123 	uint64_t v_io_faults;
124 	uint64_t v_cow_faults;
125 	uint64_t v_cow_optim;
126 	uint64_t v_zfod;
127 	uint64_t v_ozfod;
128 	uint64_t v_swapin;
129 	uint64_t v_swapout;
130 	uint64_t v_swappgsin;
131 	uint64_t v_swappgsout;
132 	uint64_t v_vnodein;
133 	uint64_t v_vnodeout;
134 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsin;
135 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsout;
136 	uint64_t v_intrans;
137 	uint64_t v_reactivated;
138 	uint64_t v_pdwakeups;
139 	uint64_t v_pdpages;
140 	uint64_t v_pdshortfalls;
141 	uint64_t v_dfree;
142 	uint64_t v_pfree;
143 	uint64_t v_tfree;
144 	uint64_t v_forks;
145 	uint64_t v_vforks;
146 	uint64_t v_rforks;
147 	uint64_t v_kthreads;
148 	uint64_t v_forkpages;
149 	uint64_t v_vforkpages;
150 	uint64_t v_rforkpages;
151 	uint64_t v_kthreadpages;
152 	u_int v_page_size;
153 	u_int v_page_count;
154 	u_int v_free_reserved;
155 	u_int v_free_target;
156 	u_int v_free_min;
157 	u_int v_free_count;
158 	u_int v_wire_count;
159 	u_int v_active_count;
160 	u_int v_inactive_target;
161 	u_int v_inactive_count;
162 	u_int v_laundry_count;
163 	u_int v_pageout_free_min;
164 	u_int v_interrupt_free_min;
165 	u_int v_free_severe;
166 } sum, osum;
167 
168 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
169 static volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized when non-zero. */
170 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
171 
172 static int	aflag;
173 static int	nflag;
174 static int	Pflag;
175 static int	hflag;
176 
177 static kvm_t	*kd;
178 
179 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
180 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
181 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
182 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
183 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
184 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
185 #define	ZMEMSTAT	0x40
186 #define	OBJSTAT		0x80
187 
188 static void	cpustats(void);
189 static void	pcpustats(u_long, int);
190 static void	devstats(void);
191 static void	doforkst(void);
192 static void	dointr(unsigned int, int);
193 static void	doobjstat(void);
194 static void	dosum(void);
195 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
196 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
197 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
198 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
199 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
200 static void	kreadptr(uintptr_t, void *, size_t);
201 static void	needhdr(int);
202 static void	needresize(int);
203 static void	doresize(void);
204 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
205 static void	usage(void);
206 
207 static long	pct(long, long);
208 static long long	getuptime(void);
209 
210 static char	**getdrivedata(char **);
211 
212 int
213 main(int argc, char *argv[])
214 {
215 	char *bp, *buf, *memf, *nlistf;
216 	float f;
217 	int bufsize, c, reps, todo;
218 	size_t len;
219 	unsigned int interval;
220 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
221 
222 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
223 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
224 	maxshowdevs = 2;
225 	hflag = isatty(1);
226 
227 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
228 	if (argc < 0)
229 		return (argc);
230 
231 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:oPp:sw:z")) != -1) {
232 		switch (c) {
233 		case 'a':
234 			aflag++;
235 			break;
236 		case 'c':
237 			reps = atoi(optarg);
238 			break;
239 		case 'P':
240 			Pflag++;
241 			break;
242 		case 'f':
243 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
244 			break;
245 		case 'h':
246 			hflag = 1;
247 			break;
248 		case 'H':
249 			hflag = 0;
250 			break;
251 		case 'i':
252 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
253 			break;
254 		case 'M':
255 			memf = optarg;
256 			break;
257 		case 'm':
258 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
259 			break;
260 		case 'N':
261 			nlistf = optarg;
262 			break;
263 		case 'n':
264 			nflag = 1;
265 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
266 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
267 				xo_errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
268 				    maxshowdevs);
269 			break;
270 		case 'o':
271 			todo |= OBJSTAT;
272 			break;
273 		case 'p':
274 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches)
275 			    != 0)
276 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
277 			break;
278 		case 's':
279 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
280 			break;
281 		case 'w':
282 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
283 			f = atof(optarg);
284 			interval = f * 1000;
285 			break;
286 		case 'z':
287 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
288 			break;
289 		case '?':
290 		default:
291 			usage();
292 		}
293 	}
294 	argc -= optind;
295 	argv += optind;
296 
297 	xo_set_version(VMSTAT_XO_VERSION);
298 	if (todo == 0)
299 		todo = VMSTAT;
300 
301 	if (memf != NULL) {
302 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
303 		if (kd == NULL)
304 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
305 	}
306 
307 retry_nlist:
308 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
309 		if (c > 0) {
310 			bufsize = 0;
311 			len = 0;
312 
313 			/*
314 			 * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'.  If 'vm_cnt' is not
315 			 * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
316 			 * */
317 			if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
318 			    strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
319 				namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
320 				goto retry_nlist;
321 			}
322 
323 			/*
324 			 * 'nintrcnt' doesn't exist in older kernels, but
325 			 * that isn't fatal.
326 			 */
327 			if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0 && c == 1)
328 				goto nlist_ok;
329 
330 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
331 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
332 					bufsize += strlen(namelist[c].n_name)
333 					    + 1;
334 			bufsize += len + 1;
335 			buf = bp = alloca(bufsize);
336 
337 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
338 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0) {
339 					xo_error(" %s",
340 					    namelist[c].n_name);
341 					len = strlen(namelist[c].n_name);
342 					*bp++ = ' ';
343 					memcpy(bp, namelist[c].n_name, len);
344 					bp += len;
345 				}
346 			*bp = '\0';
347 			xo_error("undefined symbols:\n", buf);
348 		} else
349 			xo_warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
350 		xo_finish();
351 		exit(1);
352 	}
353 nlist_ok:
354 	if (kd && Pflag)
355 		xo_errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
356 
357 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
358 		/*
359 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
360 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
361 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
362 		 */
363 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
364 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
365 
366 
367 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
368 	}
369 
370 	if (*argv) {
371 		f = atof(*argv);
372 		interval = f * 1000;
373 		if (*++argv)
374 			reps = atoi(*argv);
375 	}
376 
377 	if (interval) {
378 		if (!reps)
379 			reps = -1;
380 	} else if (reps)
381 		interval = 1 * 1000;
382 
383 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
384 		doforkst();
385 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
386 		domemstat_malloc();
387 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
388 		domemstat_zone();
389 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
390 		dosum();
391 	if (todo & OBJSTAT)
392 		doobjstat();
393 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
394 		dointr(interval, reps);
395 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
396 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
397 	xo_finish();
398 	exit(0);
399 }
400 
401 static int
402 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp)
403 {
404 	int error;
405 
406 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, NULL, 0);
407 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
408 		xo_err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
409 	return (error);
410 }
411 
412 static char **
413 getdrivedata(char **argv)
414 {
415 
416 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
417 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
418 
419 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
420 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
421 
422 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
423 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
424 
425 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
426 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
427 
428 	specified_devices = malloc(sizeof(char *));
429 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
430 		if (isdigit(**argv))
431 			break;
432 		num_devices_specified++;
433 		specified_devices = reallocf(specified_devices,
434 		    sizeof(char *) * num_devices_specified);
435 		if (specified_devices == NULL) {
436 			xo_errx(1, "%s", "reallocf (specified_devices)");
437 		}
438 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
439 	}
440 	dev_select = NULL;
441 
442 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
443 		maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
444 
445 	/*
446 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
447 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
448 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
449 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
450 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
451 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
452 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
453 	 * those devices.
454 	 */
455 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
456 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
457 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
458 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
459 	} else
460 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
464 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
465 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
466 	 */
467 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
468 	    &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
469 	    num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
470 	    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
471 	    maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
472 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
473 
474 	return(argv);
475 }
476 
477 /* Return system uptime in nanoseconds */
478 static long long
479 getuptime(void)
480 {
481 	struct timespec sp;
482 
483 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &sp);
484 	return((long long)sp.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + sp.tv_nsec);
485 }
486 
487 static void
488 fill_vmmeter(struct __vmmeter *vmmp)
489 {
490 	struct vmmeter vm_cnt;
491 	size_t size;
492 
493 	if (kd != NULL) {
494 		kread(X_SUM, &vm_cnt, sizeof(vm_cnt));
495 #define	GET_COUNTER(name) \
496 		vmmp->name = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kd, (u_long)vm_cnt.name)
497 		GET_COUNTER(v_swtch);
498 		GET_COUNTER(v_trap);
499 		GET_COUNTER(v_syscall);
500 		GET_COUNTER(v_intr);
501 		GET_COUNTER(v_soft);
502 		GET_COUNTER(v_vm_faults);
503 		GET_COUNTER(v_io_faults);
504 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_faults);
505 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_optim);
506 		GET_COUNTER(v_zfod);
507 		GET_COUNTER(v_ozfod);
508 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapin);
509 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapout);
510 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsin);
511 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsout);
512 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodein);
513 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodeout);
514 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsin);
515 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsout);
516 		GET_COUNTER(v_intrans);
517 		GET_COUNTER(v_tfree);
518 		GET_COUNTER(v_forks);
519 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforks);
520 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforks);
521 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreads);
522 		GET_COUNTER(v_forkpages);
523 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforkpages);
524 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforkpages);
525 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreadpages);
526 #undef GET_COUNTER
527 	} else {
528 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name)	do {					\
529 	size = sizeof(vmmp->name);					\
530 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size);	\
531 } while (0)
532 		/* sys */
533 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
534 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
535 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
536 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
537 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
538 
539 		/* vm */
540 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
541 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
542 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
543 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
544 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
545 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
546 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
547 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
548 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
550 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
551 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
554 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
556 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
557 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
558 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdshortfalls);
559 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
560 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
561 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
562 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
563 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
564 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
565 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
566 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
567 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
568 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
569 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
570 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
571 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
572 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_laundry_count);
573 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
574 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
575 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
576 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
577 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
578 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
579 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
580 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
581 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
582 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
583 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
584 #undef GET_VM_STATS
585 	}
586 }
587 
588 static void
589 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
590 {
591 	size_t size;
592 
593 	if (kd != NULL) {
594 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
595 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
596 	} else {
597 		size = sizeof(*vmtp);
598 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size);
599 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
600 			xo_errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
601 	}
602 }
603 
604 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
605 static int
606 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
607 {
608 	long *times;
609 	u_long mask;
610 	size_t size;
611 	int empty, i, j, maxcpu, maxid, ncpus;
612 
613 	if (kd != NULL)
614 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
615 	mask = 0;
616 	ncpus = 0;
617 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
618 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size);
619 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
620 		xo_errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
621 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
622 	times = malloc(size);
623 	if (times == NULL)
624 		xo_err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
625 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size);
626 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
627 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
628 		empty = 1;
629 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
630 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
631 				empty = 0;
632 		}
633 		if (!empty) {
634 			mask |= (1ul << i);
635 			ncpus++;
636 		}
637 	}
638 	if (maskp)
639 		*maskp = mask;
640 	if (maxidp)
641 		*maxidp = maxid;
642 	return (ncpus);
643 }
644 
645 
646 static void
647 prthuman(const char *name, uint64_t val, int size)
648 {
649 	int flags;
650 	char buf[10];
651 	char fmt[128];
652 
653 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "{:%s/%%*s}", name);
654 
655 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
656 		xo_errx(1, "doofus");
657 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
658 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
659 	xo_attr("value", "%ju", (uintmax_t) val);
660 	xo_emit(fmt, size, buf);
661 }
662 
663 static void
664 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
665 {
666 	struct clockinfo clockrate;
667 	struct vmtotal total;
668 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
669 	u_long cpumask;
670 	size_t size;
671 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
672 	int ncpus, maxid, rate_adj, retval;
673 
674 	uptime = getuptime() / 1000000000LL;
675 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
676 	rate_adj = 1;
677 	ncpus = 1;
678 	maxid = 0;
679 	cpumask = 0;
680 
681 	/*
682 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
683 	 * print out the header again.
684 	 */
685 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
686 
687 	/*
688 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
689 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
690 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
691 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
692 	 */
693 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
694 		wresized = 1;
695 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
696 	} else {
697 		wresized = 0;
698 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
699 	}
700 
701 	if (kd != NULL) {
702 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
703 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
704 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
705 		if (!hz)
706 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
707 	} else {
708 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
709 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size);
710 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
711 			xo_errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
712 		hz = clockrate.hz;
713 	}
714 
715 	if (Pflag) {
716 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
717 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
718 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
719 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
720 	}
721 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
722 		if (!--hdrcnt)
723 			printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
724 		if (kd != NULL) {
725 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
726 				xo_errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
727 		} else {
728 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
729 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size);
730 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
731 				xo_errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
732 		}
733 		if (Pflag) {
734 			size = size_cp_times;
735 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size);
736 			if (size != size_cp_times)
737 				xo_errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
738 		}
739 
740 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
741 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
742 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
743 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
744 
745 		/*
746 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
747 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
748 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
749 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
750 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
751 		 */
752 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
753 		case -1:
754 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
755 			break;
756 		case 1:
757 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
758 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
759 
760 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
761 			    &num_selections, &select_generation,
762 			    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
763 			    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
764 			    specified_devices,
765 			    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
766 			    maxshowdevs, 0);
767 			switch (retval) {
768 			case -1:
769 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
770 				break;
771 			case 1:
772 				printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
773 				break;
774 			default:
775 				break;
776 			}
777 			break;
778 		default:
779 			break;
780 		}
781 
782 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
783 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
784 		xo_open_container("processes");
785 		xo_emit("{:runnable/%1d} {:waiting/%ld} "
786 		    "{:swapped-out/%ld}", total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw +
787 		    total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
788 		xo_close_container("processes");
789 		xo_open_container("memory");
790 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((uintmax_t)(a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
791 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
792 		if (hflag) {
793 			xo_emit("");
794 			prthuman("available-memory",
795 			    total.t_avm * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
796 			xo_emit(" ");
797 			prthuman("free-memory",
798 			    total.t_free * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
799 			xo_emit(" ");
800 		} else {
801 			xo_emit(" ");
802 			xo_emit("{:available-memory/%7ju}",
803 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
804 			xo_emit(" ");
805 			xo_emit("{:free-memory/%7ju}",
806 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
807 			xo_emit(" ");
808 		}
809 		xo_emit("{:total-page-faults/%5lu} ",
810 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults -
811 		    osum.v_vm_faults));
812 		xo_close_container("memory");
813 
814 		xo_open_container("paging-rates");
815 		xo_emit("{:page-reactivated/%3lu} ",
816 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated -
817 		    osum.v_reactivated));
818 		xo_emit("{:paged-in/%3lu} ",
819 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
820 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
821 		xo_emit("{:paged-out/%3lu} ",
822 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
823 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
824 		xo_emit("{:freed/%5lu} ",
825 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
826 		xo_emit("{:scanned/%4lu} ",
827 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
828 		xo_close_container("paging-rates");
829 
830 		devstats();
831 		xo_open_container("fault-rates");
832 		xo_emit("{:interrupts/%4lu} {:system-calls/%5lu} "
833 		    "{:context-switches/%5lu}",
834 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
835 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
836 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
837 		xo_close_container("fault-rates");
838 		if (Pflag)
839 			pcpustats(cpumask, maxid);
840 		else
841 			cpustats();
842 		xo_emit("\n");
843 		xo_flush();
844 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
845 			break;
846 		osum = sum;
847 		uptime = interval;
848 		rate_adj = 1000;
849 		/*
850 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
851 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
852 		 */
853 		if (interval != 1)
854 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
855 		else
856 			halfuptime = 0;
857 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
858 	}
859 }
860 
861 static void
862 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
863 {
864 	int i, num_shown;
865 
866 	num_shown = MIN(num_selected, maxshowdevs);
867 	if (hflag)
868 		xo_emit("{T:procs}  {T:memory}       {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
869 	else
870 		xo_emit("{T:procs}     {T:memory}        {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
871 	if (num_shown > 1)
872 		xo_emit(" {T:/disks %*s}", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
873 	else if (num_shown == 1)
874 		xo_emit("   {T:disks}");
875 	xo_emit("   {T:faults}      ");
876 	if (Pflag) {
877 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
878 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
879 				xo_emit("  {T:/cpu%d}   ", i);
880 		}
881 		xo_emit("\n");
882 	} else
883 		xo_emit("   {T:cpu}\n");
884 	if (hflag) {
885 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}  {T:avm}   {T:fre}   {T:flt}  {T:re}"
886 		    "  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
887 	} else {
888 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}     {T:avm}     {T:fre}  {T:flt}  "
889 		    "{T:re}  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
890 	}
891 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
892 		if ((dev_select[i].selected) &&
893 		    (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
894 			xo_emit("{T:/%c%c%d} ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
895 			    dev_select[i].device_name[1],
896 			    dev_select[i].unit_number);
897 	xo_emit("  {T:in}    {T:sy}    {T:cs}");
898 	if (Pflag) {
899 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
900 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
901 				xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}");
902 		}
903 		xo_emit("\n");
904 	} else
905 		xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}\n");
906 	if (wresized != 0)
907 		doresize();
908 	hdrcnt = winlines;
909 }
910 
911 /*
912  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
913  */
914 static void
915 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
916 {
917 
918 	hdrcnt = 1;
919 }
920 
921 /*
922  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
923  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
924  * prepended to the next output.
925  */
926 void
927 needresize(int signo __unused)
928 {
929 
930 	wresized = 1;
931 	hdrcnt = 1;
932 }
933 
934 /*
935  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
936  */
937 void
938 doresize(void)
939 {
940 	struct winsize w;
941 	int status;
942 
943 	for (;;) {
944 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
945 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
946 			continue;
947 		else if (status == -1)
948 			xo_err(1, "ioctl");
949 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
950 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
951 		else
952 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
953 		break;
954 	}
955 
956 	/*
957 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
958 	 */
959 	wresized = 0;
960 }
961 
962 static long
963 pct(long top, long bot)
964 {
965 	long ans;
966 
967 	if (bot == 0)
968 		return(0);
969 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
970 	return (ans);
971 }
972 
973 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
974 
975 static void
976 dosum(void)
977 {
978 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
979 	size_t size;
980 	long nchtotal;
981 
982 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
983 	xo_open_container("summary-statistics");
984 	xo_emit("{:context-switches/%9u} {N:cpu context switches}\n",
985 	    sum.v_swtch);
986 	xo_emit("{:interrupts/%9u} {N:device interrupts}\n",
987 	    sum.v_intr);
988 	xo_emit("{:software-interrupts/%9u} {N:software interrupts}\n",
989 	    sum.v_soft);
990 	xo_emit("{:traps/%9u} {N:traps}\n", sum.v_trap);
991 	xo_emit("{:system-calls/%9u} {N:system calls}\n",
992 	    sum.v_syscall);
993 	xo_emit("{:kernel-threads/%9u} {N:kernel threads created}\n",
994 	    sum.v_kthreads);
995 	xo_emit("{:forks/%9u} {N: fork() calls}\n", sum.v_forks);
996 	xo_emit("{:vforks/%9u} {N:vfork() calls}\n",
997 	    sum.v_vforks);
998 	xo_emit("{:rforks/%9u} {N:rfork() calls}\n",
999 	    sum.v_rforks);
1000 	xo_emit("{:swap-ins/%9u} {N:swap pager pageins}\n",
1001 	    sum.v_swapin);
1002 	xo_emit("{:swap-in-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged in}\n",
1003 	    sum.v_swappgsin);
1004 	xo_emit("{:swap-outs/%9u} {N:swap pager pageouts}\n",
1005 	    sum.v_swapout);
1006 	xo_emit("{:swap-out-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged out}\n",
1007 	    sum.v_swappgsout);
1008 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-ins/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageins}\n",
1009 	    sum.v_vnodein);
1010 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-in-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged in}\n",
1011 	    sum.v_vnodepgsin);
1012 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageouts}\n",
1013 	    sum.v_vnodeout);
1014 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-out-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged out}\n",
1015 	    sum.v_vnodepgsout);
1016 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-wakeups/%9u} {N:page daemon wakeups}\n",
1017 	    sum.v_pdwakeups);
1018 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-pages/%9u} {N:pages examined by the page "
1019 	    "daemon}\n", sum.v_pdpages);
1020 	xo_emit("{:page-reclamation-shortfalls/%9u} {N:clean page reclamation "
1021 	    "shortfalls}\n", sum.v_pdshortfalls);
1022 	xo_emit("{:reactivated/%9u} {N:pages reactivated by the page daemon}\n",
1023 	    sum.v_reactivated);
1024 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write faults}\n",
1025 	    sum.v_cow_faults);
1026 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-optimized-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write "
1027 	    "optimized faults}\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
1028 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-pages/%9u} {N:zero fill pages zeroed}\n",
1029 	    sum.v_zfod);
1030 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-prezeroed/%9u} {N:zero fill pages prezeroed}\n",
1031 	    sum.v_ozfod);
1032 	xo_emit("{:intransit-blocking/%9u} {N:intransit blocking page faults}\n",
1033 	    sum.v_intrans);
1034 	xo_emit("{:total-faults/%9u} {N:total VM faults taken}\n",
1035 	    sum.v_vm_faults);
1036 	xo_emit("{:faults-requiring-io/%9u} {N:page faults requiring I\\/O}\n",
1037 	    sum.v_io_faults);
1038 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-thread-creation/%9u} {N:pages affected by "
1039 	    "kernel thread creation}\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
1040 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-fork/%9u} {N:pages affected by  fork}()\n",
1041 	    sum.v_forkpages);
1042 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-vfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by vfork}()\n",
1043 	    sum.v_vforkpages);
1044 	xo_emit("{:pages-rfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by rfork}()\n",
1045 	    sum.v_rforkpages);
1046 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed/%9u} {N:pages freed}\n",
1047 	    sum.v_tfree);
1048 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-by-daemon/%9u} {N:pages freed by daemon}\n",
1049 	    sum.v_dfree);
1050 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-on-exit/%9u} {N:pages freed by exiting processes}\n",
1051 	    sum.v_pfree);
1052 	xo_emit("{:active-pages/%9u} {N:pages active}\n",
1053 	    sum.v_active_count);
1054 	xo_emit("{:inactive-pages/%9u} {N:pages inactive}\n",
1055 	    sum.v_inactive_count);
1056 	xo_emit("{:laundry-pages/%9u} {N:pages in the laundry queue}\n",
1057 	    sum.v_laundry_count);
1058 	xo_emit("{:wired-pages/%9u} {N:pages wired down}\n",
1059 	    sum.v_wire_count);
1060 	xo_emit("{:free-pages/%9u} {N:pages free}\n",
1061 	    sum.v_free_count);
1062 	xo_emit("{:bytes-per-page/%9u} {N:bytes per page}\n", sum.v_page_size);
1063 	if (kd != NULL) {
1064 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1065 	} else {
1066 		size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1067 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size);
1068 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1069 			xo_errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1070 	}
1071 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1072 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1073 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1074 	xo_emit("{:total-name-lookups/%9ld} {N:total name lookups}\n",
1075 	    nchtotal);
1076 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {N:cache hits} "
1077 	    "({:positive-cache-hits/%ld}% pos + "
1078 	    "{:negative-cache-hits/%ld}% {N:neg}) "
1079 	    "system {:cache-hit-percent/%ld}% per-directory\n",
1080 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1081 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1082 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1083 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {L:deletions} {:deletions/%ld}%, "
1084 	    "{L:falsehits} {:false-hits/%ld}%, "
1085 	    "{L:toolong} {:too-long/%ld}%\n", "",
1086 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1087 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1088 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1089 	xo_close_container("summary-statistics");
1090 }
1091 
1092 static void
1093 doforkst(void)
1094 {
1095 
1096 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1097 	xo_open_container("fork-statistics");
1098 	xo_emit("{:fork/%u} {N:forks}, {:fork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1099 	    "{L:average} {:fork-average/%.2f}\n",
1100 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1101 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1102 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1103 	xo_emit("{:vfork/%u} {N:vforks}, {:vfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1104 	    "{L:average} {:vfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1105 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1106 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1107 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1108 	xo_emit("{:rfork/%u} {N:rforks}, {:rfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1109 	    "{L:average} {:rfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1110 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1111 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1112 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1113 	xo_close_container("fork-statistics");
1114 }
1115 
1116 static void
1117 devstats(void)
1118 {
1119 	long double busy_seconds, transfers_per_second;
1120 	long tmp;
1121 	int di, dn, state;
1122 
1123 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1124 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1125 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1126 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1127 	}
1128 
1129 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1130 
1131 	xo_open_list("device");
1132 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1133 		if (dev_select[dn].selected == 0 ||
1134 		    dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs)
1135 			continue;
1136 
1137 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1138 
1139 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1140 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1141 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1142 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1143 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1144 
1145 		xo_open_instance("device");
1146 		xo_emit("{ekq:name/%c%c%d}{:transfers/%3.0Lf} ",
1147 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[0],
1148 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[1],
1149 		    dev_select[dn].unit_number,
1150 		    transfers_per_second);
1151 		xo_close_instance("device");
1152 	}
1153 	xo_close_list("device");
1154 }
1155 
1156 static void
1157 percent(const char *name, double pctv, int *over)
1158 {
1159 	int l;
1160 	char buf[10];
1161 	char fmt[128];
1162 
1163 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), " {:%s/%%*s}", name);
1164 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pctv);
1165 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1166 		xo_emit(fmt, 1, buf);
1167 		(*over)--;
1168 	} else
1169 		xo_emit(fmt, 2, buf);
1170 	if (l > 2)
1171 		(*over)++;
1172 }
1173 
1174 static void
1175 cpustats(void)
1176 {
1177 	double lpct, total;
1178 	int state, over;
1179 
1180 	total = 0;
1181 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1182 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1183 	if (total > 0)
1184 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1185 	else
1186 		lpct = 0.0;
1187 	over = 0;
1188 	xo_open_container("cpu-statistics");
1189 	percent("user", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct,
1190 	    &over);
1191 	percent("system", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct,
1192 	    &over);
1193 	percent("idle", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1194 	xo_close_container("cpu-statistics");
1195 }
1196 
1197 static void
1198 pcpustats(u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1199 {
1200 	double lpct, total;
1201 	long tmp;
1202 	int i, over, state;
1203 
1204 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1205 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1206 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1207 			continue;
1208 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1209 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1210 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i *
1211 			    CPUSTATES + state];
1212 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1213 		}
1214 	}
1215 
1216 	over = 0;
1217 	xo_open_list("cpu");
1218 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1219 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1220 			continue;
1221 		xo_open_instance("cpu");
1222 		xo_emit("{ke:name/%d}", i);
1223 		total = 0;
1224 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1225 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1226 		if (total)
1227 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1228 		else
1229 			lpct = 0.0;
1230 		percent("user", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1231 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1232 		percent("system", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1233 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1234 		percent("idle", cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct,
1235 		    &over);
1236 		xo_close_instance("cpu");
1237 	}
1238 	xo_close_list("cpu");
1239 }
1240 
1241 static unsigned int
1242 read_intrcnts(unsigned long **intrcnts)
1243 {
1244 	size_t intrcntlen;
1245 	uintptr_t kaddr;
1246 
1247 	if (kd != NULL) {
1248 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1249 		if ((*intrcnts = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1250 			err(1, "malloc()");
1251 		if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0)
1252 			kread(X_INTRCNT, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1253 		else {
1254 			kread(X_INTRCNT, &kaddr, sizeof(kaddr));
1255 			kreadptr(kaddr, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1256 		}
1257 	} else {
1258 		for (*intrcnts = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1259 			*intrcnts = reallocf(*intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1260 			if (*intrcnts == NULL)
1261 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1262 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt", *intrcnts, &intrcntlen) == 0)
1263 				break;
1264 		}
1265 	}
1266 
1267 	return (intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long));
1268 }
1269 
1270 static void
1271 print_intrcnts(unsigned long *intrcnts, unsigned long *old_intrcnts,
1272     char *intrnames, unsigned int nintr, size_t istrnamlen, long long period_ms)
1273 {
1274 	unsigned long *intrcnt, *old_intrcnt;
1275 	char *intrname;
1276 	uint64_t inttotal, old_inttotal, total_count, total_rate;
1277 	unsigned long count, rate;
1278 	unsigned int i;
1279 
1280 	inttotal = 0;
1281 	old_inttotal = 0;
1282 	intrname = intrnames;
1283 	xo_open_list("interrupt");
1284 	for (i = 0, intrcnt=intrcnts, old_intrcnt=old_intrcnts; i < nintr; i++) {
1285 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag)) {
1286 			count = *intrcnt - *old_intrcnt;
1287 			rate = ((uint64_t)count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1288 			xo_open_instance("interrupt");
1289 			xo_emit("{d:name/%-*s}{ket:name/%s} "
1290 			    "{:total/%20lu} {:rate/%10lu}\n",
1291 			    (int)istrnamlen, intrname, intrname, count, rate);
1292 			xo_close_instance("interrupt");
1293 		}
1294 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1295 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1296 		old_inttotal += *old_intrcnt++;
1297 	}
1298 	total_count = inttotal - old_inttotal;
1299 	total_rate = (total_count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1300 	xo_close_list("interrupt");
1301 	xo_emit("{L:/%-*s} {:total-interrupts/%20ju} "
1302 	    "{:total-rate/%10ju}\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1303 	    "Total", (uintmax_t)total_count, (uintmax_t)total_rate);
1304 }
1305 
1306 static void
1307 dointr(unsigned int interval, int reps)
1308 {
1309 	unsigned long *intrcnts, *old_intrcnts;
1310 	char *intrname, *intrnames;
1311 	long long period_ms, old_uptime, uptime;
1312 	size_t clen, inamlen, istrnamlen;
1313 	uintptr_t kaddr;
1314 	unsigned int nintr;
1315 
1316 	old_intrcnts = NULL;
1317 	uptime = getuptime();
1318 
1319 	/* Get the names of each interrupt source */
1320 	if (kd != NULL) {
1321 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1322 		if ((intrnames = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1323 			xo_err(1, "malloc()");
1324 		if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0)
1325 			kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrnames, inamlen);
1326 		else {
1327 			kread(X_INTRNAMES, &kaddr, sizeof(kaddr));
1328 			kreadptr(kaddr, intrnames, inamlen);
1329 		}
1330 	} else {
1331 		for (intrnames = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1332 			if ((intrnames = reallocf(intrnames, inamlen)) == NULL)
1333 				xo_err(1, "reallocf()");
1334 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames", intrnames, &inamlen) == 0)
1335 				break;
1336 		}
1337 	}
1338 
1339 	/* Determine the length of the longest interrupt name */
1340 	intrname = intrnames;
1341 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1342 	while(*intrname != '\0') {
1343 		clen = strlen(intrname);
1344 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1345 			istrnamlen = clen;
1346 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1347 	}
1348 	xo_emit("{T:/%-*s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s}\n",
1349 	    (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1350 
1351 	/*
1352 	 * Loop reps times printing differential interrupt counts.  If reps is
1353 	 * zero, then run just once, printing total counts
1354 	 */
1355 	xo_open_container("interrupt-statistics");
1356 
1357 	period_ms = uptime / 1000000;
1358 	while(1) {
1359 		nintr = read_intrcnts(&intrcnts);
1360 		/*
1361 		 * Initialize old_intrcnts to 0 for the first pass, so
1362 		 * print_intrcnts will print total interrupts since boot
1363 		 */
1364 		if (old_intrcnts == NULL) {
1365 			old_intrcnts = calloc(nintr, sizeof(unsigned long));
1366 			if (old_intrcnts == NULL)
1367 				xo_err(1, "calloc()");
1368 		}
1369 
1370 		print_intrcnts(intrcnts, old_intrcnts, intrnames, nintr,
1371 		    istrnamlen, period_ms);
1372 		xo_flush();
1373 
1374 		free(old_intrcnts);
1375 		old_intrcnts = intrcnts;
1376 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
1377 			break;
1378 		usleep(interval * 1000);
1379 		old_uptime = uptime;
1380 		uptime = getuptime();
1381 		period_ms = (uptime - old_uptime) / 1000000;
1382 	}
1383 
1384 	xo_close_container("interrupt-statistics");
1385 }
1386 
1387 static void
1388 domemstat_malloc(void)
1389 {
1390 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1391 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1392 	int error, first, i;
1393 
1394 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1395 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1396 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1397 		return;
1398 	}
1399 	if (kd == NULL) {
1400 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1401 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1402 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1403 			return;
1404 		}
1405 	} else {
1406 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1407 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1408 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1409 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1410 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1411 			else
1412 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1413 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1414 		}
1415 	}
1416 	xo_open_container("malloc-statistics");
1417 	xo_emit("{T:/%13s} {T:/%5s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%8s}  {T:Size(s)}\n",
1418 	    "Type", "InUse", "MemUse", "HighUse", "Requests");
1419 	xo_open_list("memory");
1420 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1421 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1422 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1423 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1424 			continue;
1425 		xo_open_instance("memory");
1426 		xo_emit("{k:type/%13s/%s} {:in-use/%5ju} "
1427 		    "{:memory-use/%5ju}{U:K} {:high-use/%7s} "
1428 		    "{:requests/%8ju}  ",
1429 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1430 		    ((uintmax_t)memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1431 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1432 		first = 1;
1433 		xo_open_list("size");
1434 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1435 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1436 				if (!first)
1437 					xo_emit(",");
1438 				xo_emit("{l:size/%d}", 1 << (i + 4));
1439 				first = 0;
1440 			}
1441 		}
1442 		xo_close_list("size");
1443 		xo_close_instance("memory");
1444 		xo_emit("\n");
1445 	}
1446 	xo_close_list("memory");
1447 	xo_close_container("malloc-statistics");
1448 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1449 }
1450 
1451 static void
1452 domemstat_zone(void)
1453 {
1454 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1455 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1456 	int error;
1457 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1458 
1459 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1460 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1461 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1462 		return;
1463 	}
1464 	if (kd == NULL) {
1465 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1466 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1467 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1468 			return;
1469 		}
1470 	} else {
1471 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1472 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1473 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1474 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1475 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1476 			else
1477 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1478 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1479 		}
1480 	}
1481 	xo_open_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1482 	xo_emit("{T:/%-20s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} "
1483 	    "{T:/%4s} {T:/%4s}\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1484 	    "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1485 	xo_open_list("zone");
1486 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1487 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1488 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1489 		strcat(name, ":");
1490 		xo_open_instance("zone");
1491 		xo_emit("{d:name/%-20s}{ke:name/%s} {:size/%6ju}, "
1492 		    "{:limit/%6ju},{:used/%8ju},"
1493 		    "{:free/%8ju},{:requests/%8ju},"
1494 		    "{:fail/%4ju},{:sleep/%4ju}\n", name,
1495 		    memstat_get_name(mtp),
1496 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_size(mtp),
1497 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1498 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1499 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_free(mtp),
1500 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp),
1501 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1502 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1503 		xo_close_instance("zone");
1504 	}
1505 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1506 	xo_close_list("zone");
1507 	xo_close_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1508 	xo_emit("\n");
1509 }
1510 
1511 static void
1512 display_object(struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo)
1513 {
1514 	const char *str;
1515 
1516 	xo_open_instance("object");
1517 	xo_emit("{:resident/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_resident);
1518 	xo_emit("{:active/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_active);
1519 	xo_emit("{:inactive/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_inactive);
1520 	xo_emit("{:refcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_ref_count);
1521 	xo_emit("{:shadowcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_shadow_count);
1522 	switch (kvo->kvo_memattr) {
1523 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE
1524 	case VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE:
1525 		str = "UC";
1526 		break;
1527 #endif
1528 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING
1529 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING:
1530 		str = "WC";
1531 		break;
1532 #endif
1533 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH
1534 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH:
1535 		str = "WT";
1536 		break;
1537 #endif
1538 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED
1539 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED:
1540 		str = "WP";
1541 		break;
1542 #endif
1543 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK
1544 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK:
1545 		str = "WB";
1546 		break;
1547 #endif
1548 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE
1549 	case VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE:
1550 		str = "UC-";
1551 		break;
1552 #endif
1553 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA
1554 	case VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA:
1555 		str = "WB";
1556 		break;
1557 #endif
1558 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE
1559 	case VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE:
1560 		str = "NC";
1561 		break;
1562 #endif
1563 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE
1564 	case VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE:
1565 		str = "DEV";
1566 		break;
1567 #endif
1568 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE
1569 	case VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE:
1570 		str = "C";
1571 		break;
1572 #endif
1573 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE
1574 	case VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE:
1575 		str = "PRE";
1576 		break;
1577 #endif
1578 	default:
1579 		str = "??";
1580 		break;
1581 	}
1582 	xo_emit("{:attribute/%-3s} ", str);
1583 	switch (kvo->kvo_type) {
1584 	case KVME_TYPE_NONE:
1585 		str = "--";
1586 		break;
1587 	case KVME_TYPE_DEFAULT:
1588 		str = "df";
1589 		break;
1590 	case KVME_TYPE_VNODE:
1591 		str = "vn";
1592 		break;
1593 	case KVME_TYPE_SWAP:
1594 		str = "sw";
1595 		break;
1596 	case KVME_TYPE_DEVICE:
1597 		str = "dv";
1598 		break;
1599 	case KVME_TYPE_PHYS:
1600 		str = "ph";
1601 		break;
1602 	case KVME_TYPE_DEAD:
1603 		str = "dd";
1604 		break;
1605 	case KVME_TYPE_SG:
1606 		str = "sg";
1607 		break;
1608 	case KVME_TYPE_MGTDEVICE:
1609 		str = "md";
1610 		break;
1611 	case KVME_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
1612 	default:
1613 		str = "??";
1614 		break;
1615 	}
1616 	xo_emit("{:type/%-2s} ", str);
1617 	xo_emit("{:path/%-s}\n", kvo->kvo_path);
1618 	xo_close_instance("object");
1619 }
1620 
1621 static void
1622 doobjstat(void)
1623 {
1624 	struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo;
1625 	int cnt, i;
1626 
1627 	kvo = kinfo_getvmobject(&cnt);
1628 	if (kvo == NULL) {
1629 		xo_warn("Failed to fetch VM object list");
1630 		return;
1631 	}
1632 	xo_emit("{T:RES/%5s} {T:ACT/%5s} {T:INACT/%5s} {T:REF/%3s} {T:SHD/%3s} "
1633 	    "{T:CM/%3s} {T:TP/%2s} {T:PATH/%s}\n");
1634 	xo_open_list("object");
1635 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
1636 		display_object(&kvo[i]);
1637 	free(kvo);
1638 	xo_close_list("object");
1639 }
1640 
1641 /*
1642  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1643  */
1644 static void
1645 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1646 {
1647 	const char *sym;
1648 
1649 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1650 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1651 		if (*sym == '_')
1652 			++sym;
1653 		xo_errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1654 	}
1655 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1656 	    size) != size) {
1657 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1658 		if (*sym == '_')
1659 			++sym;
1660 		xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1661 	}
1662 }
1663 
1664 static void
1665 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1666 {
1667 
1668 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1669 }
1670 
1671 static void
1672 kreadptr(uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
1673 {
1674 
1675 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, addr, buf, size) != size)
1676 		xo_errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
1677 }
1678 
1679 static void __dead2
1680 usage(void)
1681 {
1682 	xo_error("%s%s",
1683 	    "usage: vmstat [-afHhimoPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1684 	    "              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1685 	xo_finish();
1686 	exit(1);
1687 }
1688