xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 3bdf775801b218aa5a89564839405b122f4b233e)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #if 0
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/proc.h>
47 #include <sys/uio.h>
48 #include <sys/namei.h>
49 #include <sys/malloc.h>
50 #include <sys/signal.h>
51 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
52 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
53 #include <sys/resource.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/time.h>
56 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
57 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
58 
59 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
60 
61 #include <ctype.h>
62 #include <devstat.h>
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <inttypes.h>
66 #include <kvm.h>
67 #include <limits.h>
68 #include <memstat.h>
69 #include <nlist.h>
70 #include <paths.h>
71 #include <stdio.h>
72 #include <stdlib.h>
73 #include <string.h>
74 #include <sysexits.h>
75 #include <time.h>
76 #include <unistd.h>
77 #include <libutil.h>
78 
79 static char da[] = "da";
80 
81 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
82 #define X_SUM		0
83 	{ "_cnt" },
84 #define X_HZ		1
85 	{ "_hz" },
86 #define X_STATHZ	2
87 	{ "_stathz" },
88 #define X_NCHSTATS	3
89 	{ "_nchstats" },
90 #define	X_INTRNAMES	4
91 	{ "_intrnames" },
92 #define	X_SINTRNAMES	5
93 	{ "_sintrnames" },
94 #define	X_INTRCNT	6
95 	{ "_intrcnt" },
96 #define	X_SINTRCNT	7
97 	{ "_sintrcnt" },
98 #ifdef notyet
99 #define	X_DEFICIT	XXX
100 	{ "_deficit" },
101 #define X_REC		XXX
102 	{ "_rectime" },
103 #define X_PGIN		XXX
104 	{ "_pgintime" },
105 #define	X_XSTATS	XXX
106 	{ "_xstats" },
107 #define X_END		XXX
108 #else
109 #define X_END		8
110 #endif
111 	{ "" },
112 };
113 
114 static struct statinfo cur, last;
115 static int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
116 static long generation;
117 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
118 static int num_selected;
119 static struct devstat_match *matches;
120 static int num_matches = 0;
121 static int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
122 static long select_generation;
123 static char **specified_devices;
124 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
125 
126 static struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
127 
128 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
129 volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized, when non-zero. */
130 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
131 
132 static int	aflag;
133 static int	nflag;
134 static int	Pflag;
135 static int	hflag;
136 
137 static kvm_t   *kd;
138 
139 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
140 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
141 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
142 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
143 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
144 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
145 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
146 
147 static void	cpustats(void);
148 static void	pcpustats(int, u_long, int);
149 static void	devstats(void);
150 static void	doforkst(void);
151 static void	dointr(void);
152 static void	dosum(void);
153 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
154 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
155 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
156 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
157 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
158 static char    *kgetstr(const char *);
159 static void	needhdr(int);
160 static void	needresize(int);
161 static void	doresize(void);
162 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
163 static void	usage(void);
164 
165 static long	pct(long, long);
166 static long	getuptime(void);
167 
168 static char   **getdrivedata(char **);
169 
170 int
171 main(int argc, char *argv[])
172 {
173 	int c, todo;
174 	unsigned int interval;
175 	float f;
176 	int reps;
177 	char *memf, *nlistf;
178 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
179 
180 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
181 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
182 	maxshowdevs = 2;
183 	hflag = isatty(1);
184 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:Pp:stw:z")) != -1) {
185 		switch (c) {
186 		case 'a':
187 			aflag++;
188 			break;
189 		case 'c':
190 			reps = atoi(optarg);
191 			break;
192 		case 'P':
193 			Pflag++;
194 			break;
195 		case 'f':
196 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
197 			break;
198 		case 'h':
199 			hflag = 1;
200 			break;
201 		case 'H':
202 			hflag = 0;
203 			break;
204 		case 'i':
205 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
206 			break;
207 		case 'M':
208 			memf = optarg;
209 			break;
210 		case 'm':
211 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
212 			break;
213 		case 'N':
214 			nlistf = optarg;
215 			break;
216 		case 'n':
217 			nflag = 1;
218 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
219 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
220 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
221 				     maxshowdevs);
222 			break;
223 		case 'p':
224 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
225 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
226 			break;
227 		case 's':
228 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
229 			break;
230 		case 't':
231 #ifdef notyet
232 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
233 #else
234 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
235 #endif
236 			break;
237 		case 'w':
238 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
239 			f = atof(optarg);
240 			interval = f * 1000;
241 			break;
242 		case 'z':
243 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
244 			break;
245 		case '?':
246 		default:
247 			usage();
248 		}
249 	}
250 	argc -= optind;
251 	argv += optind;
252 
253 	if (todo == 0)
254 		todo = VMSTAT;
255 
256 	if (memf != NULL) {
257 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
258 		if (kd == NULL)
259 			errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
260 	}
261 
262 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
263 		if (c > 0) {
264 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
265 			for (c = 0;
266 			     c < (int)(sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]));
267 			     c++)
268 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
269 					(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s",
270 					    namelist[c].n_name);
271 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
272 		} else
273 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
274 		exit(1);
275 	}
276 	if (kd && Pflag)
277 		errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
278 
279 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
280 		/*
281 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
282 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
283 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
284 		 */
285 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
286 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
287 
288 
289 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
290 	}
291 
292 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
293 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
294 	if (*argv) {
295 		f = atof(*argv);
296 		interval = f * 1000;
297 		if (*++argv)
298 			reps = atoi(*argv);
299 	}
300 #endif
301 
302 	if (interval) {
303 		if (!reps)
304 			reps = -1;
305 	} else if (reps)
306 		interval = 1 * 1000;
307 
308 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
309 		doforkst();
310 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
311 		domemstat_malloc();
312 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
313 		domemstat_zone();
314 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
315 		dosum();
316 #ifdef notyet
317 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
318 		dotimes();
319 #endif
320 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
321 		dointr();
322 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
323 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
324 	exit(0);
325 }
326 
327 static int
328 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
329     void *newp, size_t newlen)
330 {
331 	int error;
332 
333 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen);
334 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
335 		err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
336 	return (error);
337 }
338 
339 static char **
340 getdrivedata(char **argv)
341 {
342 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
343 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
344 
345 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
346 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
347 
348 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
349 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
350 
351 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
352 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
353 
354 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
355 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
356 		if (isdigit(**argv))
357 			break;
358 		num_devices_specified++;
359 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
360 						     sizeof(char *) *
361 						     num_devices_specified);
362 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
363 	}
364 	dev_select = NULL;
365 
366 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
367 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
371 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
372 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
373 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
374 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
375 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
376 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
377 	 * those devices.
378 	 */
379 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
380 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
381 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
382 
383 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
384 	} else
385 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
389 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
390 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
391 	 */
392 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
393 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
394 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
395 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
396 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
397 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
398 
399 	return(argv);
400 }
401 
402 static long
403 getuptime(void)
404 {
405 	struct timespec sp;
406 
407 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sp);
408 
409 	return(sp.tv_sec);
410 }
411 
412 static void
413 fill_pcpu(struct pcpu ***pcpup, int* maxcpup)
414 {
415 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
416 
417 	int maxcpu, i;
418 
419 	*pcpup = NULL;
420 
421 	if (kd == NULL)
422 		return;
423 
424 	maxcpu = kvm_getmaxcpu(kd);
425 	if (maxcpu < 0)
426 		errx(1, "kvm_getmaxcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
427 
428 	pcpu = calloc(maxcpu, sizeof(struct pcpu *));
429 	if (pcpu == NULL)
430 		err(1, "calloc");
431 
432 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
433 		pcpu[i] = kvm_getpcpu(kd, i);
434 		if (pcpu[i] == (struct pcpu *)-1)
435 			errx(1, "kvm_getpcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
436 	}
437 
438 	*maxcpup = maxcpu;
439 	*pcpup = pcpu;
440 }
441 
442 static void
443 free_pcpu(struct pcpu **pcpu, int maxcpu)
444 {
445 	int i;
446 
447 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++)
448 		free(pcpu[i]);
449 	free(pcpu);
450 }
451 
452 static void
453 fill_vmmeter(struct vmmeter *vmmp)
454 {
455 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
456 	int maxcpu, i;
457 
458 	if (kd != NULL) {
459 		kread(X_SUM, vmmp, sizeof(*vmmp));
460 		fill_pcpu(&pcpu, &maxcpu);
461 		for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
462 			if (pcpu[i] == NULL)
463 				continue;
464 #define ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, name) \
465 			vmmp->name += pcpu[i]->pc_cnt.name
466 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swtch);
467 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_trap);
468 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_syscall);
469 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intr);
470 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_soft);
471 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vm_faults);
472 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_io_faults);
473 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_faults);
474 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_optim);
475 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_zfod);
476 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_ozfod);
477 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapin);
478 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapout);
479 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsin);
480 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsout);
481 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodein);
482 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodeout);
483 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsin);
484 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsout);
485 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intrans);
486 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_tfree);
487 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forks);
488 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforks);
489 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforks);
490 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreads);
491 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forkpages);
492 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforkpages);
493 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforkpages);
494 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreadpages);
495 #undef ADD_FROM_PCPU
496 		}
497 		free_pcpu(pcpu, maxcpu);
498 	} else {
499 		size_t size = sizeof(unsigned int);
500 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name) \
501 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size, NULL, 0)
502 		/* sys */
503 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
504 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
505 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
506 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
507 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
508 
509 		/* vm */
510 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
511 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
512 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
513 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
514 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
515 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
516 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
517 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
518 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
519 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
520 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
521 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
522 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
523 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
524 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
525 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
526 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
527 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
528 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tcached);
529 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
530 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
531 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
532 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
533 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
534 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
535 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
536 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
537 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
538 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
539 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
540 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
541 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
542 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_count);
543 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_min);
544 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_max);
545 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
546 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
547 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
548 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
550 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
551 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
554 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
556 #undef GET_VM_STATS
557 	}
558 }
559 
560 static void
561 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
562 {
563 	if (kd != NULL) {
564 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
565 		errx(1, "not implemented");
566 	} else {
567 		size_t size = sizeof(*vmtp);
568 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size, NULL, 0);
569 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
570 			errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
571 	}
572 }
573 
574 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
575 static int
576 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
577 {
578 	int maxcpu;
579 	int maxid;
580 	int ncpus;
581 	int i, j;
582 	int empty;
583 	size_t size;
584 	long *times;
585 	u_long mask;
586 
587 	if (kd != NULL)
588 		errx(1, "not implemented");
589 	mask = 0;
590 	ncpus = 0;
591 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
592 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size, NULL, 0);
593 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
594 		errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
595 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
596 	times = malloc(size);
597 	if (times == NULL)
598 		err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
599 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0);
600 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
601 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
602 		empty = 1;
603 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
604 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
605 				empty = 0;
606 		}
607 		if (!empty) {
608 			mask |= (1ul << i);
609 			ncpus++;
610 		}
611 	}
612 	if (maskp)
613 		*maskp = mask;
614 	if (maxidp)
615 		*maxidp = maxid;
616 	return (ncpus);
617 }
618 
619 
620 static void
621 prthuman(u_int64_t val, int size)
622 {
623 	char buf[10];
624 	int flags;
625 
626 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
627 		errx(1, "doofus");
628 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
629 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
630 	printf("%*s", size, buf);
631 }
632 
633 static int hz, hdrcnt;
634 
635 static long *cur_cp_times;
636 static long *last_cp_times;
637 static size_t size_cp_times;
638 
639 static void
640 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
641 {
642 	struct vmtotal total;
643 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
644 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
645 	size_t size;
646 	int ncpus, maxid;
647 	u_long cpumask;
648 	int rate_adj;
649 
650 	uptime = getuptime();
651 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
652 	rate_adj = 1;
653 
654 	/*
655 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
656 	 * print out the header again.
657 	 */
658 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
659 
660 	/*
661 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
662 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
663 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
664 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
665 	 */
666 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
667 		wresized = 1;
668 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
669 	} else {
670 		wresized = 0;
671 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
672 	}
673 
674 	if (kd != NULL) {
675 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
676 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
677 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
678 		if (!hz)
679 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
680 	} else {
681 		struct clockinfo clockrate;
682 
683 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
684 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size, NULL, 0);
685 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
686 			errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
687 		hz = clockrate.hz;
688 	}
689 
690 	if (Pflag) {
691 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
692 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
693 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
694 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
695 	}
696 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
697 		if (!--hdrcnt)
698 			printhdr(ncpus, cpumask);
699 		if (kd != NULL) {
700 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
701 				errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
702 		} else {
703 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
704 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size, NULL, 0);
705 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
706 				errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
707 		}
708 		if (Pflag) {
709 			size = size_cp_times;
710 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size, NULL, 0);
711 			if (size != size_cp_times)
712 				errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
713 		}
714 
715 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
716 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
717 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
718 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
719 
720 		/*
721 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
722 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
723 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
724 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
725 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
726 		 */
727 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
728 		case -1:
729 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
730 			break;
731 		case 1: {
732 			int retval;
733 
734 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
735 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
736 
737 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
738 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
739 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
740 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
741 					    specified_devices,
742 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
743 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
744 			switch (retval) {
745 			case -1:
746 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
747 				break;
748 			case 1:
749 				printhdr(ncpus, cpumask);
750 				break;
751 			default:
752 				break;
753 			}
754 		}
755 		default:
756 			break;
757 		}
758 
759 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
760 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
761 		(void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
762 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
763 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
764 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
765 		if (hflag) {
766 			printf(" ");
767 			prthuman(total.t_avm * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 7);
768 			printf(" ");
769 			prthuman(total.t_free * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 6);
770 			printf(" ");
771 		} else {
772 			printf(" %7d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
773 			printf(" %6d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
774 		}
775 		(void)printf("%5lu ",
776 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
777 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
778 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
779 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
780 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
781 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
782 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
783 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
784 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
785 		(void)printf("%5lu ",
786 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
787 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
788 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
789 		devstats();
790 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %4lu",
791 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
792 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
793 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
794 		if (Pflag)
795 			pcpustats(ncpus, cpumask, maxid);
796 		else
797 			cpustats();
798 		(void)printf("\n");
799 		(void)fflush(stdout);
800 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
801 			break;
802 		osum = sum;
803 		uptime = interval;
804 		rate_adj = 1000;
805 		/*
806 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
807 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
808 		 */
809 		if (interval != 1)
810 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
811 		else
812 			halfuptime = 0;
813 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
814 	}
815 }
816 
817 static void
818 printhdr(int ncpus, u_long cpumask)
819 {
820 	int i, num_shown;
821 
822 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
823 	(void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
824 	if (num_shown > 1)
825 		(void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
826 	else if (num_shown == 1)
827 		(void)printf("disk");
828 	(void)printf("   faults         ");
829 	if (Pflag) {
830 		for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++) {
831 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
832 				printf("cpu%-2d    ", i);
833 		}
834 		printf("\n");
835 	} else
836 		printf("cpu\n");
837 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre   flt  re  pi  po    fr  sr ");
838 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
839 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
840 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
841 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
842 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
843 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
844 	(void)printf("  in   sy   cs");
845 	if (Pflag) {
846 		for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++)
847 			printf(" us sy id");
848 		printf("\n");
849 	} else
850 		printf(" us sy id\n");
851 	if (wresized != 0)
852 		doresize();
853 	hdrcnt = winlines;
854 }
855 
856 /*
857  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
858  */
859 static void
860 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
861 {
862 
863 	hdrcnt = 1;
864 }
865 
866 /*
867  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
868  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
869  * prepended to the next output.
870  */
871 void
872 needresize(int signo)
873 {
874 
875 	wresized = 1;
876 	hdrcnt = 1;
877 }
878 
879 /*
880  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
881  */
882 void
883 doresize(void)
884 {
885 	int status;
886 	struct winsize w;
887 
888 	for (;;) {
889 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
890 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
891 			continue;
892 		else if (status == -1)
893 			err(1, "ioctl");
894 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
895 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
896 		else
897 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
898 		break;
899 	}
900 
901 	/*
902 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
903 	 */
904 	wresized = 0;
905 }
906 
907 #ifdef notyet
908 static void
909 dotimes(void)
910 {
911 	unsigned int pgintime, rectime;
912 
913 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
914 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
915 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
916 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
917 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
918 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
919 	(void)printf("\n");
920 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
921 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
922 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
923 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
924 }
925 #endif
926 
927 static long
928 pct(long top, long bot)
929 {
930 	long ans;
931 
932 	if (bot == 0)
933 		return(0);
934 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
935 	return (ans);
936 }
937 
938 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
939 
940 static void
941 dosum(void)
942 {
943 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
944 	long nchtotal;
945 
946 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
947 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
948 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
949 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
950 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
951 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
952 	(void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
953 	(void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
954 	(void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
955 	(void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
956 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
957 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
958 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
959 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
960 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
961 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
962 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
963 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
964 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
965 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
966 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
967 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
968 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
969 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
970 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
971 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
972 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
973 	(void)printf("%9u page faults requiring I/O\n", sum.v_io_faults);
974 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
975 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
976 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
977 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
978 	(void)printf("%9u pages cached\n", sum.v_tcached);
979 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
980 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
981 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
982 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
983 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
984 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
985 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
986 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
987 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
988 	if (kd != NULL) {
989 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
990 	} else {
991 		size_t size = sizeof(lnchstats);
992 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size, NULL, 0);
993 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
994 			errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
995 	}
996 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
997 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
998 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
999 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
1000 	(void)printf(
1001 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
1002 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1003 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1004 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1005 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
1006 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1007 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1008 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1009 }
1010 
1011 static void
1012 doforkst(void)
1013 {
1014 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1015 	(void)printf("%u forks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1016 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1017 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1018 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1019 	(void)printf("%u vforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1020 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1021 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1022 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1023 	(void)printf("%u rforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
1024 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1025 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1026 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1027 }
1028 
1029 static void
1030 devstats(void)
1031 {
1032 	int dn, state;
1033 	long double transfers_per_second;
1034 	long double busy_seconds;
1035 	long tmp;
1036 
1037 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1038 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1039 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1040 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1041 	}
1042 
1043 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1044 
1045 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1046 		int di;
1047 
1048 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
1049 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
1050 			continue;
1051 
1052 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1053 
1054 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1055 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1056 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1057 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1058 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1059 
1060 		(void)printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
1061 	}
1062 }
1063 
1064 static void
1065 percent(double pct, int *over)
1066 {
1067 	char buf[10];
1068 	int l;
1069 
1070 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pct);
1071 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1072 		printf("%s",  buf);
1073 		(*over)--;
1074 	} else
1075 		printf("%2s", buf);
1076 	if (l > 2)
1077 		(*over)++;
1078 }
1079 
1080 static void
1081 cpustats(void)
1082 {
1083 	int state, over;
1084 	double lpct, total;
1085 
1086 	total = 0;
1087 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1088 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1089 	if (total)
1090 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1091 	else
1092 		lpct = 0.0;
1093 	over = 0;
1094 	printf(" ");
1095 	percent((cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1096 	printf(" ");
1097 	percent((cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1098 	printf(" ");
1099 	percent(cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1100 }
1101 
1102 static void
1103 pcpustats(int ncpus, u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1104 {
1105 	int state, i;
1106 	double lpct, total;
1107 	long tmp;
1108 	int over;
1109 
1110 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1111 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1112 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1113 			continue;
1114 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1115 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1116 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1117 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1118 		}
1119 	}
1120 
1121 	over = 0;
1122 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1123 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1124 			continue;
1125 		total = 0;
1126 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1127 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1128 		if (total)
1129 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1130 		else
1131 			lpct = 0.0;
1132 		printf(" ");
1133 		percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1134 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1135 		printf(" ");
1136 		percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1137 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1138 		printf(" ");
1139 		percent(cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1140 	}
1141 }
1142 
1143 static void
1144 dointr(void)
1145 {
1146 	unsigned long *intrcnt, uptime;
1147 	uint64_t inttotal;
1148 	size_t clen, inamlen, intrcntlen, istrnamlen;
1149 	unsigned int i, nintr;
1150 	char *intrname, *tintrname;
1151 
1152 	uptime = getuptime();
1153 	if (kd != NULL) {
1154 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1155 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1156 		if ((intrcnt = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL ||
1157 		    (intrname = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1158 			err(1, "malloc()");
1159 		kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, intrcntlen);
1160 		kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, inamlen);
1161 	} else {
1162 		for (intrcnt = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1163 			if ((intrcnt = reallocf(intrcnt, intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1164 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1165 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt",
1166 			    intrcnt, &intrcntlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1167 				break;
1168 		}
1169 		for (intrname = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1170 			if ((intrname = reallocf(intrname, inamlen)) == NULL)
1171 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1172 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames",
1173 			    intrname, &inamlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1174 				break;
1175 		}
1176 	}
1177 	nintr = intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long);
1178 	tintrname = intrname;
1179 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1180 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1181 		clen = strlen(tintrname);
1182 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1183 			istrnamlen = clen;
1184 		tintrname += clen + 1;
1185 	}
1186 	(void)printf("%-*s %20s %10s\n", (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total",
1187 	    "rate");
1188 	inttotal = 0;
1189 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1190 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag))
1191 			(void)printf("%-*s %20lu %10lu\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1192 			    intrname, *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
1193 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1194 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1195 	}
1196 	(void)printf("%-*s %20" PRIu64 " %10" PRIu64 "\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1197 	    "Total", inttotal, inttotal / uptime);
1198 }
1199 
1200 static void
1201 domemstat_malloc(void)
1202 {
1203 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1204 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1205 	int error, first, i;
1206 
1207 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1208 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1209 		warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1210 		return;
1211 	}
1212 	if (kd == NULL) {
1213 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1214 			warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1215 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1216 			return;
1217 		}
1218 	} else {
1219 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1220 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1221 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1222 				warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1223 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1224 			else
1225 				warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1226 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1227 		}
1228 	}
1229 	printf("%13s %5s %6s %7s %8s  Size(s)\n", "Type", "InUse", "MemUse",
1230 	    "HighUse", "Requests");
1231 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1232 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1233 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1234 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1235 			continue;
1236 		printf("%13s %5" PRIu64 " %5" PRIu64 "K %7s %8" PRIu64 "  ",
1237 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), memstat_get_count(mtp),
1238 		    (memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1239 		    memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1240 		first = 1;
1241 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1242 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1243 				if (!first)
1244 					printf(",");
1245 				printf("%d", 1 << (i + 4));
1246 				first = 0;
1247 			}
1248 		}
1249 		printf("\n");
1250 	}
1251 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1252 }
1253 
1254 static void
1255 domemstat_zone(void)
1256 {
1257 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1258 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1259 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1260 	int error;
1261 
1262 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1263 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1264 		warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1265 		return;
1266 	}
1267 	if (kd == NULL) {
1268 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1269 			warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1270 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1271 			return;
1272 		}
1273 	} else {
1274 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1275 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1276 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1277 				warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1278 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1279 			else
1280 				warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1281 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1282 		}
1283 	}
1284 	printf("%-20s %6s %6s %8s %8s %8s %4s %4s\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1285 	    "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1286 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1287 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1288 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1289 		strcat(name, ":");
1290 		printf("%-20s %6" PRIu64 ", %6" PRIu64 ",%8" PRIu64 ",%8" PRIu64
1291 		    ",%8" PRIu64 ",%4" PRIu64 ",%4" PRIu64 "\n", name,
1292 		    memstat_get_size(mtp), memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1293 		    memstat_get_count(mtp), memstat_get_free(mtp),
1294 		    memstat_get_numallocs(mtp), memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1295 		    memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1296 	}
1297 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1298 	printf("\n");
1299 }
1300 
1301 /*
1302  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1303  */
1304 static void
1305 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1306 {
1307 	const char *sym;
1308 
1309 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1310 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1311 		if (*sym == '_')
1312 			++sym;
1313 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1314 	}
1315 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1316 	    size) != size) {
1317 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1318 		if (*sym == '_')
1319 			++sym;
1320 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1321 	}
1322 }
1323 
1324 static void
1325 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1326 {
1327 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1328 }
1329 
1330 static char *
1331 kgetstr(const char *strp)
1332 {
1333 	int n = 0, size = 1;
1334 	char *ret = NULL;
1335 
1336 	do {
1337 		if (size == n + 1) {
1338 			ret = realloc(ret, size);
1339 			if (ret == NULL)
1340 				err(1, "%s: realloc", __func__);
1341 			size *= 2;
1342 		}
1343 		if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)strp + n, &ret[n], 1) != 1)
1344 			errx(1, "%s: %s", __func__, kvm_geterr(kd));
1345 	} while (ret[n++] != '\0');
1346 	return (ret);
1347 }
1348 
1349 static void
1350 usage(void)
1351 {
1352 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1353 		"usage: vmstat [-afHhimPsz] [-c count] [-M core [-N system]] [-w wait]\n",
1354 		"              [-n devs] [-p type,if,pass] [disks]\n");
1355 	exit(1);
1356 }
1357