xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 1f8b431d185416f70e96f03b8fd69b98442b1913)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 static const char copyright[] =
34 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
35 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/uio.h>
50 #include <sys/namei.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/signal.h>
53 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
54 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resource.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/time.h>
58 #include <sys/user.h>
59 #define	_WANT_VMMETER
60 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
61 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
62 
63 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
64 
65 #include <ctype.h>
66 #include <devstat.h>
67 #include <err.h>
68 #include <errno.h>
69 #include <inttypes.h>
70 #include <kvm.h>
71 #include <limits.h>
72 #include <memstat.h>
73 #include <nlist.h>
74 #include <paths.h>
75 #include <stdio.h>
76 #include <stdlib.h>
77 #include <string.h>
78 #include <sysexits.h>
79 #include <time.h>
80 #include <unistd.h>
81 #include <libutil.h>
82 #include <libxo/xo.h>
83 
84 #define VMSTAT_XO_VERSION "1"
85 
86 static char da[] = "da";
87 
88 enum x_stats { X_SUM, X_HZ, X_STATHZ, X_NCHSTATS, X_INTRNAMES, X_SINTRNAMES,
89     X_INTRCNT, X_SINTRCNT, X_DEFICIT, X_REC, X_PGIN, X_XSTATS };
90 
91 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
92 	[X_SUM] = { .n_name = "_vm_cnt", },
93 	[X_HZ] = { .n_name = "_hz", },
94 	[X_STATHZ] = { .n_name = "_stathz", },
95 	[X_NCHSTATS] = { .n_name = "_nchstats", },
96 	[X_INTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_intrnames", },
97 	[X_SINTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_sintrnames", },
98 	[X_INTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_intrcnt", },
99 	[X_SINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_sintrcnt", },
100 #ifdef notyet
101 	[X_DEFICIT] = { .n_name = "_deficit", },
102 	[X_REC] = { .n_name = "_rectime", },
103 	[X_PGIN] = { .n_name = "_pgintime", },
104 	[X_XSTATS] = { .n_name = "_xstats", },
105 #endif
106 	{ .n_name = NULL, },
107 };
108 
109 static struct devstat_match *matches;
110 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
111 static struct statinfo cur, last;
112 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
113 static size_t size_cp_times;
114 static long *cur_cp_times, *last_cp_times;
115 static long generation, select_generation;
116 static int hz, hdrcnt, maxshowdevs;
117 static int num_devices, num_devices_specified;
118 static int num_matches, num_selected, num_selections;
119 static char **specified_devices;
120 
121 static struct __vmmeter {
122 	uint64_t v_swtch;
123 	uint64_t v_trap;
124 	uint64_t v_syscall;
125 	uint64_t v_intr;
126 	uint64_t v_soft;
127 	uint64_t v_vm_faults;
128 	uint64_t v_io_faults;
129 	uint64_t v_cow_faults;
130 	uint64_t v_cow_optim;
131 	uint64_t v_zfod;
132 	uint64_t v_ozfod;
133 	uint64_t v_swapin;
134 	uint64_t v_swapout;
135 	uint64_t v_swappgsin;
136 	uint64_t v_swappgsout;
137 	uint64_t v_vnodein;
138 	uint64_t v_vnodeout;
139 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsin;
140 	uint64_t v_vnodepgsout;
141 	uint64_t v_intrans;
142 	uint64_t v_reactivated;
143 	uint64_t v_pdwakeups;
144 	uint64_t v_pdpages;
145 	uint64_t v_pdshortfalls;
146 	uint64_t v_dfree;
147 	uint64_t v_pfree;
148 	uint64_t v_tfree;
149 	uint64_t v_forks;
150 	uint64_t v_vforks;
151 	uint64_t v_rforks;
152 	uint64_t v_kthreads;
153 	uint64_t v_forkpages;
154 	uint64_t v_vforkpages;
155 	uint64_t v_rforkpages;
156 	uint64_t v_kthreadpages;
157 	u_int v_page_size;
158 	u_int v_page_count;
159 	u_int v_free_reserved;
160 	u_int v_free_target;
161 	u_int v_free_min;
162 	u_int v_free_count;
163 	u_int v_wire_count;
164 	u_int v_active_count;
165 	u_int v_inactive_target;
166 	u_int v_inactive_count;
167 	u_int v_laundry_count;
168 	u_int v_pageout_free_min;
169 	u_int v_interrupt_free_min;
170 	u_int v_free_severe;
171 } sum, osum;
172 
173 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
174 static volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized when non-zero. */
175 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
176 
177 static int	aflag;
178 static int	nflag;
179 static int	Pflag;
180 static int	hflag;
181 
182 static kvm_t	*kd;
183 
184 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
185 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
186 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
187 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
188 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
189 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
190 #define	ZMEMSTAT	0x40
191 #define	OBJSTAT		0x80
192 
193 static void	cpustats(void);
194 static void	pcpustats(u_long, int);
195 static void	devstats(void);
196 static void	doforkst(void);
197 static void	dointr(unsigned int, int);
198 static void	doobjstat(void);
199 static void	dosum(void);
200 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
201 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
202 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
203 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
204 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
205 static void	needhdr(int);
206 static void	needresize(int);
207 static void	doresize(void);
208 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
209 static void	usage(void);
210 
211 static long	pct(long, long);
212 static long long	getuptime(void);
213 
214 static char	**getdrivedata(char **);
215 
216 int
217 main(int argc, char *argv[])
218 {
219 	char *bp, *buf, *memf, *nlistf;
220 	float f;
221 	int bufsize, c, reps, todo;
222 	size_t len;
223 	unsigned int interval;
224 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
225 
226 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
227 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
228 	maxshowdevs = 2;
229 	hflag = isatty(1);
230 
231 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
232 	if (argc < 0)
233 		return (argc);
234 
235 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:oPp:stw:z")) != -1) {
236 		switch (c) {
237 		case 'a':
238 			aflag++;
239 			break;
240 		case 'c':
241 			reps = atoi(optarg);
242 			break;
243 		case 'P':
244 			Pflag++;
245 			break;
246 		case 'f':
247 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
248 			break;
249 		case 'h':
250 			hflag = 1;
251 			break;
252 		case 'H':
253 			hflag = 0;
254 			break;
255 		case 'i':
256 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
257 			break;
258 		case 'M':
259 			memf = optarg;
260 			break;
261 		case 'm':
262 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
263 			break;
264 		case 'N':
265 			nlistf = optarg;
266 			break;
267 		case 'n':
268 			nflag = 1;
269 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
270 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
271 				xo_errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
272 				    maxshowdevs);
273 			break;
274 		case 'o':
275 			todo |= OBJSTAT;
276 			break;
277 		case 'p':
278 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches)
279 			    != 0)
280 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
281 			break;
282 		case 's':
283 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
284 			break;
285 		case 't':
286 #ifdef notyet
287 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
288 #else
289 			xo_errx(EX_USAGE,
290 			    "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
291 #endif
292 			break;
293 		case 'w':
294 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
295 			f = atof(optarg);
296 			interval = f * 1000;
297 			break;
298 		case 'z':
299 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
300 			break;
301 		case '?':
302 		default:
303 			usage();
304 		}
305 	}
306 	argc -= optind;
307 	argv += optind;
308 
309 	xo_set_version(VMSTAT_XO_VERSION);
310 	if (todo == 0)
311 		todo = VMSTAT;
312 
313 	if (memf != NULL) {
314 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
315 		if (kd == NULL)
316 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
317 	}
318 
319 retry_nlist:
320 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
321 		if (c > 0) {
322 			bufsize = 0;
323 			len = 0;
324 
325 			/*
326 			 * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'.  If 'vm_cnt' is not
327 			 * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
328 			 * */
329 			if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
330 			    strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
331 				namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
332 				goto retry_nlist;
333 			}
334 
335 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
336 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
337 					bufsize += strlen(namelist[c].n_name)
338 					    + 1;
339 			bufsize += len + 1;
340 			buf = bp = alloca(bufsize);
341 
342 			for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
343 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0) {
344 					xo_error(" %s",
345 					    namelist[c].n_name);
346 					len = strlen(namelist[c].n_name);
347 					*bp++ = ' ';
348 					memcpy(bp, namelist[c].n_name, len);
349 					bp += len;
350 				}
351 			*bp = '\0';
352 			xo_error("undefined symbols:\n", buf);
353 		} else
354 			xo_warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
355 		xo_finish();
356 		exit(1);
357 	}
358 	if (kd && Pflag)
359 		xo_errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
360 
361 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
362 		/*
363 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
364 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
365 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
366 		 */
367 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
368 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
369 
370 
371 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
372 	}
373 
374 	if (*argv) {
375 		f = atof(*argv);
376 		interval = f * 1000;
377 		if (*++argv)
378 			reps = atoi(*argv);
379 	}
380 
381 	if (interval) {
382 		if (!reps)
383 			reps = -1;
384 	} else if (reps)
385 		interval = 1 * 1000;
386 
387 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
388 		doforkst();
389 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
390 		domemstat_malloc();
391 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
392 		domemstat_zone();
393 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
394 		dosum();
395 	if (todo & OBJSTAT)
396 		doobjstat();
397 #ifdef notyet
398 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
399 		dotimes();
400 #endif
401 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
402 		dointr(interval, reps);
403 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
404 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
405 	xo_finish();
406 	exit(0);
407 }
408 
409 static int
410 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp)
411 {
412 	int error;
413 
414 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, NULL, 0);
415 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
416 		xo_err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
417 	return (error);
418 }
419 
420 static char **
421 getdrivedata(char **argv)
422 {
423 
424 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
425 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
426 
427 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
428 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
429 
430 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
431 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
432 
433 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
434 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
435 
436 	specified_devices = malloc(sizeof(char *));
437 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
438 		if (isdigit(**argv))
439 			break;
440 		num_devices_specified++;
441 		specified_devices = reallocf(specified_devices,
442 		    sizeof(char *) * num_devices_specified);
443 		if (specified_devices == NULL) {
444 			xo_errx(1, "%s", "reallocf (specified_devices)");
445 		}
446 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
447 	}
448 	dev_select = NULL;
449 
450 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
451 		maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
452 
453 	/*
454 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
455 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
456 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
457 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
458 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
459 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
460 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
461 	 * those devices.
462 	 */
463 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
464 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
465 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
466 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
467 	} else
468 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
472 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
473 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
474 	 */
475 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
476 	    &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
477 	    num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
478 	    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
479 	    maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
480 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
481 
482 	return(argv);
483 }
484 
485 /* Return system uptime in nanoseconds */
486 static long long
487 getuptime(void)
488 {
489 	struct timespec sp;
490 
491 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &sp);
492 	return((long long)sp.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + sp.tv_nsec);
493 }
494 
495 static void
496 fill_vmmeter(struct __vmmeter *vmmp)
497 {
498 	struct vmmeter vm_cnt;
499 	size_t size;
500 
501 	if (kd != NULL) {
502 		kread(X_SUM, &vm_cnt, sizeof(vm_cnt));
503 #define	GET_COUNTER(name) \
504 		vmmp->name = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kd, (u_long)vm_cnt.name)
505 		GET_COUNTER(v_swtch);
506 		GET_COUNTER(v_trap);
507 		GET_COUNTER(v_syscall);
508 		GET_COUNTER(v_intr);
509 		GET_COUNTER(v_soft);
510 		GET_COUNTER(v_vm_faults);
511 		GET_COUNTER(v_io_faults);
512 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_faults);
513 		GET_COUNTER(v_cow_optim);
514 		GET_COUNTER(v_zfod);
515 		GET_COUNTER(v_ozfod);
516 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapin);
517 		GET_COUNTER(v_swapout);
518 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsin);
519 		GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsout);
520 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodein);
521 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodeout);
522 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsin);
523 		GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsout);
524 		GET_COUNTER(v_intrans);
525 		GET_COUNTER(v_tfree);
526 		GET_COUNTER(v_forks);
527 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforks);
528 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforks);
529 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreads);
530 		GET_COUNTER(v_forkpages);
531 		GET_COUNTER(v_vforkpages);
532 		GET_COUNTER(v_rforkpages);
533 		GET_COUNTER(v_kthreadpages);
534 #undef GET_COUNTER
535 	} else {
536 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name)	do {					\
537 	size = sizeof(vmmp->name);					\
538 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size);	\
539 } while (0)
540 		/* sys */
541 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
542 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
543 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
544 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
545 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
546 
547 		/* vm */
548 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
550 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
551 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
554 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
556 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
557 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
558 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
559 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
560 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
561 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
562 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
563 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
564 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
565 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
566 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdshortfalls);
567 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
568 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
569 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
570 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
571 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
572 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
573 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
574 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
575 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
576 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
577 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
578 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
579 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
580 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_laundry_count);
581 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
582 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
583 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
584 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
585 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
586 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
587 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
588 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
589 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
590 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
591 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
592 #undef GET_VM_STATS
593 	}
594 }
595 
596 static void
597 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
598 {
599 	size_t size;
600 
601 	if (kd != NULL) {
602 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
603 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
604 	} else {
605 		size = sizeof(*vmtp);
606 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size);
607 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
608 			xo_errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
609 	}
610 }
611 
612 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
613 static int
614 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
615 {
616 	long *times;
617 	u_long mask;
618 	size_t size;
619 	int empty, i, j, maxcpu, maxid, ncpus;
620 
621 	if (kd != NULL)
622 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
623 	mask = 0;
624 	ncpus = 0;
625 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
626 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size);
627 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
628 		xo_errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
629 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
630 	times = malloc(size);
631 	if (times == NULL)
632 		xo_err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
633 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size);
634 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
635 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
636 		empty = 1;
637 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
638 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
639 				empty = 0;
640 		}
641 		if (!empty) {
642 			mask |= (1ul << i);
643 			ncpus++;
644 		}
645 	}
646 	if (maskp)
647 		*maskp = mask;
648 	if (maxidp)
649 		*maxidp = maxid;
650 	return (ncpus);
651 }
652 
653 
654 static void
655 prthuman(const char *name, uint64_t val, int size)
656 {
657 	int flags;
658 	char buf[10];
659 	char fmt[128];
660 
661 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "{:%s/%%*s}", name);
662 
663 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
664 		xo_errx(1, "doofus");
665 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
666 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
667 	xo_attr("value", "%ju", (uintmax_t) val);
668 	xo_emit(fmt, size, buf);
669 }
670 
671 static void
672 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
673 {
674 	struct clockinfo clockrate;
675 	struct vmtotal total;
676 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
677 	u_long cpumask;
678 	size_t size;
679 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
680 	int ncpus, maxid, rate_adj, retval;
681 
682 	uptime = getuptime() / 1000000000LL;
683 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
684 	rate_adj = 1;
685 	ncpus = 1;
686 	maxid = 0;
687 	cpumask = 0;
688 
689 	/*
690 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
691 	 * print out the header again.
692 	 */
693 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
694 
695 	/*
696 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
697 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
698 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
699 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
700 	 */
701 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
702 		wresized = 1;
703 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
704 	} else {
705 		wresized = 0;
706 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
707 	}
708 
709 	if (kd != NULL) {
710 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
711 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
712 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
713 		if (!hz)
714 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
715 	} else {
716 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
717 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size);
718 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
719 			xo_errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
720 		hz = clockrate.hz;
721 	}
722 
723 	if (Pflag) {
724 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
725 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
726 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
727 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
728 	}
729 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
730 		if (!--hdrcnt)
731 			printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
732 		if (kd != NULL) {
733 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
734 				xo_errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
735 		} else {
736 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
737 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size);
738 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
739 				xo_errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
740 		}
741 		if (Pflag) {
742 			size = size_cp_times;
743 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size);
744 			if (size != size_cp_times)
745 				xo_errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
746 		}
747 
748 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
749 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
750 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
751 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
752 
753 		/*
754 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
755 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
756 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
757 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
758 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
759 		 */
760 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
761 		case -1:
762 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
763 			break;
764 		case 1:
765 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
766 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
767 
768 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
769 			    &num_selections, &select_generation,
770 			    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
771 			    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
772 			    specified_devices,
773 			    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
774 			    maxshowdevs, 0);
775 			switch (retval) {
776 			case -1:
777 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
778 				break;
779 			case 1:
780 				printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
781 				break;
782 			default:
783 				break;
784 			}
785 			break;
786 		default:
787 			break;
788 		}
789 
790 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
791 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
792 		xo_open_container("processes");
793 		xo_emit("{:runnable/%1d} {:waiting/%ld} "
794 		    "{:swapped-out/%ld}", total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw +
795 		    total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
796 		xo_close_container("processes");
797 		xo_open_container("memory");
798 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((uintmax_t)(a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
799 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
800 		if (hflag) {
801 			xo_emit("");
802 			prthuman("available-memory",
803 			    total.t_avm * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
804 			xo_emit(" ");
805 			prthuman("free-memory",
806 			    total.t_free * (uint64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
807 			xo_emit(" ");
808 		} else {
809 			xo_emit(" ");
810 			xo_emit("{:available-memory/%7ju}",
811 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
812 			xo_emit(" ");
813 			xo_emit("{:free-memory/%7ju}",
814 			    vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
815 			xo_emit(" ");
816 		}
817 		xo_emit("{:total-page-faults/%5lu} ",
818 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults -
819 		    osum.v_vm_faults));
820 		xo_close_container("memory");
821 
822 		xo_open_container("paging-rates");
823 		xo_emit("{:page-reactivated/%3lu} ",
824 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated -
825 		    osum.v_reactivated));
826 		xo_emit("{:paged-in/%3lu} ",
827 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
828 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
829 		xo_emit("{:paged-out/%3lu} ",
830 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
831 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
832 		xo_emit("{:freed/%5lu} ",
833 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
834 		xo_emit("{:scanned/%4lu} ",
835 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
836 		xo_close_container("paging-rates");
837 
838 		devstats();
839 		xo_open_container("fault-rates");
840 		xo_emit("{:interrupts/%4lu} {:system-calls/%5lu} "
841 		    "{:context-switches/%5lu}",
842 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
843 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
844 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
845 		xo_close_container("fault-rates");
846 		if (Pflag)
847 			pcpustats(cpumask, maxid);
848 		else
849 			cpustats();
850 		xo_emit("\n");
851 		xo_flush();
852 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
853 			break;
854 		osum = sum;
855 		uptime = interval;
856 		rate_adj = 1000;
857 		/*
858 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
859 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
860 		 */
861 		if (interval != 1)
862 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
863 		else
864 			halfuptime = 0;
865 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
866 	}
867 }
868 
869 static void
870 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
871 {
872 	int i, num_shown;
873 
874 	num_shown = MIN(num_selected, maxshowdevs);
875 	if (hflag)
876 		xo_emit("{T:procs}  {T:memory}       {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
877 	else
878 		xo_emit("{T:procs}     {T:memory}        {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
879 	if (num_shown > 1)
880 		xo_emit(" {T:/disks %*s}", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
881 	else if (num_shown == 1)
882 		xo_emit("   {T:disks}");
883 	xo_emit("   {T:faults}      ");
884 	if (Pflag) {
885 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
886 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
887 				xo_emit("  {T:/cpu%d}   ", i);
888 		}
889 		xo_emit("\n");
890 	} else
891 		xo_emit("   {T:cpu}\n");
892 	if (hflag) {
893 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}  {T:avm}   {T:fre}   {T:flt}  {T:re}"
894 		    "  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
895 	} else {
896 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}     {T:avm}     {T:fre}  {T:flt}  "
897 		    "{T:re}  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
898 	}
899 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
900 		if ((dev_select[i].selected) &&
901 		    (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
902 			xo_emit("{T:/%c%c%d} ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
903 			    dev_select[i].device_name[1],
904 			    dev_select[i].unit_number);
905 	xo_emit("  {T:in}    {T:sy}    {T:cs}");
906 	if (Pflag) {
907 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
908 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
909 				xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}");
910 		}
911 		xo_emit("\n");
912 	} else
913 		xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}\n");
914 	if (wresized != 0)
915 		doresize();
916 	hdrcnt = winlines;
917 }
918 
919 /*
920  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
921  */
922 static void
923 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
924 {
925 
926 	hdrcnt = 1;
927 }
928 
929 /*
930  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
931  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
932  * prepended to the next output.
933  */
934 void
935 needresize(int signo __unused)
936 {
937 
938 	wresized = 1;
939 	hdrcnt = 1;
940 }
941 
942 /*
943  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
944  */
945 void
946 doresize(void)
947 {
948 	struct winsize w;
949 	int status;
950 
951 	for (;;) {
952 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
953 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
954 			continue;
955 		else if (status == -1)
956 			xo_err(1, "ioctl");
957 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
958 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
959 		else
960 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
961 		break;
962 	}
963 
964 	/*
965 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
966 	 */
967 	wresized = 0;
968 }
969 
970 #ifdef notyet
971 static void
972 dotimes(void)
973 {
974 	unsigned int pgintime, rectime;
975 
976 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
977 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
978 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
979 	xo_emit("{:page-reclaims/%u} {N:reclaims}, "
980 	    "{:reclaim-time/%u} {N:total time (usec)}\n",
981 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
982 	xo_emit("{L:average}: {:reclaim-average/%u} {N:usec \\/ reclaim}\n",
983 	    rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
984 	xo_emit("\n");
985 	xo_emit("{:page-ins/%u} {N:page ins}, "
986 	    "{:page-in-time/%u} {N:total time (msec)}\n",
987 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
988 	xo_emit("{L:average}: {:average/%8.1f} {N:msec \\/ page in}\n",
989 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
990 }
991 #endif
992 
993 static long
994 pct(long top, long bot)
995 {
996 	long ans;
997 
998 	if (bot == 0)
999 		return(0);
1000 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
1001 	return (ans);
1002 }
1003 
1004 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
1005 
1006 static void
1007 dosum(void)
1008 {
1009 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
1010 	size_t size;
1011 	long nchtotal;
1012 
1013 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1014 	xo_open_container("summary-statistics");
1015 	xo_emit("{:context-switches/%9u} {N:cpu context switches}\n",
1016 	    sum.v_swtch);
1017 	xo_emit("{:interrupts/%9u} {N:device interrupts}\n",
1018 	    sum.v_intr);
1019 	xo_emit("{:software-interrupts/%9u} {N:software interrupts}\n",
1020 	    sum.v_soft);
1021 	xo_emit("{:traps/%9u} {N:traps}\n", sum.v_trap);
1022 	xo_emit("{:system-calls/%9u} {N:system calls}\n",
1023 	    sum.v_syscall);
1024 	xo_emit("{:kernel-threads/%9u} {N:kernel threads created}\n",
1025 	    sum.v_kthreads);
1026 	xo_emit("{:forks/%9u} {N: fork() calls}\n", sum.v_forks);
1027 	xo_emit("{:vforks/%9u} {N:vfork() calls}\n",
1028 	    sum.v_vforks);
1029 	xo_emit("{:rforks/%9u} {N:rfork() calls}\n",
1030 	    sum.v_rforks);
1031 	xo_emit("{:swap-ins/%9u} {N:swap pager pageins}\n",
1032 	    sum.v_swapin);
1033 	xo_emit("{:swap-in-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged in}\n",
1034 	    sum.v_swappgsin);
1035 	xo_emit("{:swap-outs/%9u} {N:swap pager pageouts}\n",
1036 	    sum.v_swapout);
1037 	xo_emit("{:swap-out-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged out}\n",
1038 	    sum.v_swappgsout);
1039 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-ins/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageins}\n",
1040 	    sum.v_vnodein);
1041 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-in-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged in}\n",
1042 	    sum.v_vnodepgsin);
1043 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageouts}\n",
1044 	    sum.v_vnodeout);
1045 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-out-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged out}\n",
1046 	    sum.v_vnodepgsout);
1047 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-wakeups/%9u} {N:page daemon wakeups}\n",
1048 	    sum.v_pdwakeups);
1049 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-pages/%9u} {N:pages examined by the page "
1050 	    "daemon}\n", sum.v_pdpages);
1051 	xo_emit("{:page-reclamation-shortfalls/%9u} {N:clean page reclamation "
1052 	    "shortfalls}\n", sum.v_pdshortfalls);
1053 	xo_emit("{:reactivated/%9u} {N:pages reactivated by the page daemon}\n",
1054 	    sum.v_reactivated);
1055 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write faults}\n",
1056 	    sum.v_cow_faults);
1057 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-optimized-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write "
1058 	    "optimized faults}\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
1059 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-pages/%9u} {N:zero fill pages zeroed}\n",
1060 	    sum.v_zfod);
1061 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-prezeroed/%9u} {N:zero fill pages prezeroed}\n",
1062 	    sum.v_ozfod);
1063 	xo_emit("{:intransit-blocking/%9u} {N:intransit blocking page faults}\n",
1064 	    sum.v_intrans);
1065 	xo_emit("{:total-faults/%9u} {N:total VM faults taken}\n",
1066 	    sum.v_vm_faults);
1067 	xo_emit("{:faults-requiring-io/%9u} {N:page faults requiring I\\/O}\n",
1068 	    sum.v_io_faults);
1069 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-thread-creation/%9u} {N:pages affected by "
1070 	    "kernel thread creation}\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
1071 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-fork/%9u} {N:pages affected by  fork}()\n",
1072 	    sum.v_forkpages);
1073 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-vfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by vfork}()\n",
1074 	    sum.v_vforkpages);
1075 	xo_emit("{:pages-rfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by rfork}()\n",
1076 	    sum.v_rforkpages);
1077 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed/%9u} {N:pages freed}\n",
1078 	    sum.v_tfree);
1079 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-by-daemon/%9u} {N:pages freed by daemon}\n",
1080 	    sum.v_dfree);
1081 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-on-exit/%9u} {N:pages freed by exiting processes}\n",
1082 	    sum.v_pfree);
1083 	xo_emit("{:active-pages/%9u} {N:pages active}\n",
1084 	    sum.v_active_count);
1085 	xo_emit("{:inactive-pages/%9u} {N:pages inactive}\n",
1086 	    sum.v_inactive_count);
1087 	xo_emit("{:laundry-pages/%9u} {N:pages in the laundry queue}\n",
1088 	    sum.v_laundry_count);
1089 	xo_emit("{:wired-pages/%9u} {N:pages wired down}\n",
1090 	    sum.v_wire_count);
1091 	xo_emit("{:free-pages/%9u} {N:pages free}\n",
1092 	    sum.v_free_count);
1093 	xo_emit("{:bytes-per-page/%9u} {N:bytes per page}\n", sum.v_page_size);
1094 	if (kd != NULL) {
1095 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1096 	} else {
1097 		size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1098 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size);
1099 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1100 			xo_errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1101 	}
1102 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1103 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1104 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1105 	xo_emit("{:total-name-lookups/%9ld} {N:total name lookups}\n",
1106 	    nchtotal);
1107 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {N:cache hits} "
1108 	    "({:positive-cache-hits/%ld}% pos + "
1109 	    "{:negative-cache-hits/%ld}% {N:neg}) "
1110 	    "system {:cache-hit-percent/%ld}% per-directory\n",
1111 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1112 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1113 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1114 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {L:deletions} {:deletions/%ld}%, "
1115 	    "{L:falsehits} {:false-hits/%ld}%, "
1116 	    "{L:toolong} {:too-long/%ld}%\n", "",
1117 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1118 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1119 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1120 	xo_close_container("summary-statistics");
1121 }
1122 
1123 static void
1124 doforkst(void)
1125 {
1126 
1127 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1128 	xo_open_container("fork-statistics");
1129 	xo_emit("{:fork/%u} {N:forks}, {:fork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1130 	    "{L:average} {:fork-average/%.2f}\n",
1131 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1132 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1133 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1134 	xo_emit("{:vfork/%u} {N:vforks}, {:vfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1135 	    "{L:average} {:vfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1136 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1137 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1138 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1139 	xo_emit("{:rfork/%u} {N:rforks}, {:rfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1140 	    "{L:average} {:rfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1141 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1142 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1143 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1144 	xo_close_container("fork-statistics");
1145 }
1146 
1147 static void
1148 devstats(void)
1149 {
1150 	long double busy_seconds, transfers_per_second;
1151 	long tmp;
1152 	int di, dn, state;
1153 
1154 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1155 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1156 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1157 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1158 	}
1159 
1160 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1161 
1162 	xo_open_list("device");
1163 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1164 		if (dev_select[dn].selected == 0 ||
1165 		    dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs)
1166 			continue;
1167 
1168 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1169 
1170 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1171 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1172 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1173 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1174 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1175 
1176 		xo_open_instance("device");
1177 		xo_emit("{ekq:name/%c%c%d}{:transfers/%3.0Lf} ",
1178 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[0],
1179 		    dev_select[dn].device_name[1],
1180 		    dev_select[dn].unit_number,
1181 		    transfers_per_second);
1182 		xo_close_instance("device");
1183 	}
1184 	xo_close_list("device");
1185 }
1186 
1187 static void
1188 percent(const char *name, double pctv, int *over)
1189 {
1190 	int l;
1191 	char buf[10];
1192 	char fmt[128];
1193 
1194 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), " {:%s/%%*s}", name);
1195 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pctv);
1196 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1197 		xo_emit(fmt, 1, buf);
1198 		(*over)--;
1199 	} else
1200 		xo_emit(fmt, 2, buf);
1201 	if (l > 2)
1202 		(*over)++;
1203 }
1204 
1205 static void
1206 cpustats(void)
1207 {
1208 	double lpct, total;
1209 	int state, over;
1210 
1211 	total = 0;
1212 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1213 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1214 	if (total > 0)
1215 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1216 	else
1217 		lpct = 0.0;
1218 	over = 0;
1219 	xo_open_container("cpu-statistics");
1220 	percent("user", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct,
1221 	    &over);
1222 	percent("system", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct,
1223 	    &over);
1224 	percent("idle", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1225 	xo_close_container("cpu-statistics");
1226 }
1227 
1228 static void
1229 pcpustats(u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1230 {
1231 	double lpct, total;
1232 	long tmp;
1233 	int i, over, state;
1234 
1235 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1236 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1237 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1238 			continue;
1239 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1240 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1241 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i *
1242 			    CPUSTATES + state];
1243 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1244 		}
1245 	}
1246 
1247 	over = 0;
1248 	xo_open_list("cpu");
1249 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1250 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1251 			continue;
1252 		xo_open_instance("cpu");
1253 		xo_emit("{ke:name/%d}", i);
1254 		total = 0;
1255 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1256 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1257 		if (total)
1258 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1259 		else
1260 			lpct = 0.0;
1261 		percent("user", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1262 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1263 		percent("system", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1264 		    cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1265 		percent("idle", cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct,
1266 		    &over);
1267 		xo_close_instance("cpu");
1268 	}
1269 	xo_close_list("cpu");
1270 }
1271 
1272 static unsigned int
1273 read_intrcnts(unsigned long **intrcnts)
1274 {
1275 	size_t intrcntlen;
1276 
1277 	if (kd != NULL) {
1278 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1279 		if ((*intrcnts = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1280 			err(1, "malloc()");
1281 		kread(X_INTRCNT, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1282 	} else {
1283 		for (*intrcnts = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1284 			*intrcnts = reallocf(*intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1285 			if (*intrcnts == NULL)
1286 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1287 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt", *intrcnts, &intrcntlen) == 0)
1288 				break;
1289 		}
1290 	}
1291 
1292 	return (intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long));
1293 }
1294 
1295 static void
1296 print_intrcnts(unsigned long *intrcnts, unsigned long *old_intrcnts,
1297     char *intrnames, unsigned int nintr, size_t istrnamlen, long long period_ms)
1298 {
1299 	unsigned long *intrcnt, *old_intrcnt;
1300 	char *intrname;
1301 	uint64_t inttotal, old_inttotal, total_count, total_rate;
1302 	unsigned long count, rate;
1303 	unsigned int i;
1304 
1305 	inttotal = 0;
1306 	old_inttotal = 0;
1307 	intrname = intrnames;
1308 	xo_open_list("interrupt");
1309 	for (i = 0, intrcnt=intrcnts, old_intrcnt=old_intrcnts; i < nintr; i++) {
1310 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag)) {
1311 			count = *intrcnt - *old_intrcnt;
1312 			rate = ((uint64_t)count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1313 			xo_open_instance("interrupt");
1314 			xo_emit("{d:name/%-*s}{ket:name/%s} "
1315 			    "{:total/%20lu} {:rate/%10lu}\n",
1316 			    (int)istrnamlen, intrname, intrname, count, rate);
1317 			xo_close_instance("interrupt");
1318 		}
1319 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1320 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1321 		old_inttotal += *old_intrcnt++;
1322 	}
1323 	total_count = inttotal - old_inttotal;
1324 	total_rate = (total_count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1325 	xo_close_list("interrupt");
1326 	xo_emit("{L:/%-*s} {:total-interrupts/%20ju} "
1327 	    "{:total-rate/%10ju}\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1328 	    "Total", (uintmax_t)total_count, (uintmax_t)total_rate);
1329 }
1330 
1331 static void
1332 dointr(unsigned int interval, int reps)
1333 {
1334 	unsigned long *intrcnts, *old_intrcnts;
1335 	char *intrname, *intrnames;
1336 	long long period_ms, old_uptime, uptime;
1337 	size_t clen, inamlen, istrnamlen;
1338 	unsigned int nintr;
1339 
1340 	old_intrcnts = NULL;
1341 	uptime = getuptime();
1342 
1343 	/* Get the names of each interrupt source */
1344 	if (kd != NULL) {
1345 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1346 		if ((intrnames = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1347 			xo_err(1, "malloc()");
1348 		kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrnames, inamlen);
1349 	} else {
1350 		for (intrnames = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1351 			if ((intrnames = reallocf(intrnames, inamlen)) == NULL)
1352 				xo_err(1, "reallocf()");
1353 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames", intrnames, &inamlen) == 0)
1354 				break;
1355 		}
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	/* Determine the length of the longest interrupt name */
1359 	intrname = intrnames;
1360 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1361 	while(*intrname != '\0') {
1362 		clen = strlen(intrname);
1363 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1364 			istrnamlen = clen;
1365 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1366 	}
1367 	xo_emit("{T:/%-*s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s}\n",
1368 	    (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1369 
1370 	/*
1371 	 * Loop reps times printing differential interrupt counts.  If reps is
1372 	 * zero, then run just once, printing total counts
1373 	 */
1374 	xo_open_container("interrupt-statistics");
1375 
1376 	period_ms = uptime / 1000000;
1377 	while(1) {
1378 		nintr = read_intrcnts(&intrcnts);
1379 		/*
1380 		 * Initialize old_intrcnts to 0 for the first pass, so
1381 		 * print_intrcnts will print total interrupts since boot
1382 		 */
1383 		if (old_intrcnts == NULL) {
1384 			old_intrcnts = calloc(nintr, sizeof(unsigned long));
1385 			if (old_intrcnts == NULL)
1386 				xo_err(1, "calloc()");
1387 		}
1388 
1389 		print_intrcnts(intrcnts, old_intrcnts, intrnames, nintr,
1390 		    istrnamlen, period_ms);
1391 		xo_flush();
1392 
1393 		free(old_intrcnts);
1394 		old_intrcnts = intrcnts;
1395 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
1396 			break;
1397 		usleep(interval * 1000);
1398 		old_uptime = uptime;
1399 		uptime = getuptime();
1400 		period_ms = (uptime - old_uptime) / 1000000;
1401 	}
1402 
1403 	xo_close_container("interrupt-statistics");
1404 }
1405 
1406 static void
1407 domemstat_malloc(void)
1408 {
1409 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1410 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1411 	int error, first, i;
1412 
1413 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1414 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1415 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1416 		return;
1417 	}
1418 	if (kd == NULL) {
1419 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1420 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1421 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1422 			return;
1423 		}
1424 	} else {
1425 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1426 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1427 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1428 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1429 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1430 			else
1431 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1432 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1433 		}
1434 	}
1435 	xo_open_container("malloc-statistics");
1436 	xo_emit("{T:/%13s} {T:/%5s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%8s}  {T:Size(s)}\n",
1437 	    "Type", "InUse", "MemUse", "HighUse", "Requests");
1438 	xo_open_list("memory");
1439 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1440 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1441 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1442 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1443 			continue;
1444 		xo_open_instance("memory");
1445 		xo_emit("{k:type/%13s/%s} {:in-use/%5ju} "
1446 		    "{:memory-use/%5ju}{U:K} {:high-use/%7s} "
1447 		    "{:requests/%8ju}  ",
1448 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1449 		    ((uintmax_t)memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1450 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1451 		first = 1;
1452 		xo_open_list("size");
1453 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1454 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1455 				if (!first)
1456 					xo_emit(",");
1457 				xo_emit("{l:size/%d}", 1 << (i + 4));
1458 				first = 0;
1459 			}
1460 		}
1461 		xo_close_list("size");
1462 		xo_close_instance("memory");
1463 		xo_emit("\n");
1464 	}
1465 	xo_close_list("memory");
1466 	xo_close_container("malloc-statistics");
1467 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1468 }
1469 
1470 static void
1471 domemstat_zone(void)
1472 {
1473 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1474 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1475 	int error;
1476 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1477 
1478 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1479 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1480 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1481 		return;
1482 	}
1483 	if (kd == NULL) {
1484 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1485 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1486 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1487 			return;
1488 		}
1489 	} else {
1490 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1491 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1492 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1493 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1494 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1495 			else
1496 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1497 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1498 		}
1499 	}
1500 	xo_open_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1501 	xo_emit("{T:/%-20s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} "
1502 	    "{T:/%4s} {T:/%4s}\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1503 	    "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1504 	xo_open_list("zone");
1505 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1506 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1507 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1508 		strcat(name, ":");
1509 		xo_open_instance("zone");
1510 		xo_emit("{d:name/%-20s}{ke:name/%s} {:size/%6ju}, "
1511 		    "{:limit/%6ju},{:used/%8ju},"
1512 		    "{:free/%8ju},{:requests/%8ju},"
1513 		    "{:fail/%4ju},{:sleep/%4ju}\n", name,
1514 		    memstat_get_name(mtp),
1515 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_size(mtp),
1516 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1517 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1518 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_free(mtp),
1519 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp),
1520 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1521 		    (uintmax_t)memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1522 		xo_close_instance("zone");
1523 	}
1524 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1525 	xo_close_list("zone");
1526 	xo_close_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1527 	xo_emit("\n");
1528 }
1529 
1530 static void
1531 display_object(struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo)
1532 {
1533 	const char *str;
1534 
1535 	xo_open_instance("object");
1536 	xo_emit("{:resident/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_resident);
1537 	xo_emit("{:active/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_active);
1538 	xo_emit("{:inactive/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_inactive);
1539 	xo_emit("{:refcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_ref_count);
1540 	xo_emit("{:shadowcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_shadow_count);
1541 	switch (kvo->kvo_memattr) {
1542 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE
1543 	case VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE:
1544 		str = "UC";
1545 		break;
1546 #endif
1547 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING
1548 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING:
1549 		str = "WC";
1550 		break;
1551 #endif
1552 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH
1553 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH:
1554 		str = "WT";
1555 		break;
1556 #endif
1557 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED
1558 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED:
1559 		str = "WP";
1560 		break;
1561 #endif
1562 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK
1563 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK:
1564 		str = "WB";
1565 		break;
1566 #endif
1567 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE
1568 	case VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE:
1569 		str = "UC-";
1570 		break;
1571 #endif
1572 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA
1573 	case VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA:
1574 		str = "WB";
1575 		break;
1576 #endif
1577 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE
1578 	case VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE:
1579 		str = "NC";
1580 		break;
1581 #endif
1582 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE
1583 	case VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE:
1584 		str = "DEV";
1585 		break;
1586 #endif
1587 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE
1588 	case VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE:
1589 		str = "C";
1590 		break;
1591 #endif
1592 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE
1593 	case VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE:
1594 		str = "PRE";
1595 		break;
1596 #endif
1597 	default:
1598 		str = "??";
1599 		break;
1600 	}
1601 	xo_emit("{:attribute/%-3s} ", str);
1602 	switch (kvo->kvo_type) {
1603 	case KVME_TYPE_NONE:
1604 		str = "--";
1605 		break;
1606 	case KVME_TYPE_DEFAULT:
1607 		str = "df";
1608 		break;
1609 	case KVME_TYPE_VNODE:
1610 		str = "vn";
1611 		break;
1612 	case KVME_TYPE_SWAP:
1613 		str = "sw";
1614 		break;
1615 	case KVME_TYPE_DEVICE:
1616 		str = "dv";
1617 		break;
1618 	case KVME_TYPE_PHYS:
1619 		str = "ph";
1620 		break;
1621 	case KVME_TYPE_DEAD:
1622 		str = "dd";
1623 		break;
1624 	case KVME_TYPE_SG:
1625 		str = "sg";
1626 		break;
1627 	case KVME_TYPE_MGTDEVICE:
1628 		str = "md";
1629 		break;
1630 	case KVME_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
1631 	default:
1632 		str = "??";
1633 		break;
1634 	}
1635 	xo_emit("{:type/%-2s} ", str);
1636 	xo_emit("{:path/%-s}\n", kvo->kvo_path);
1637 	xo_close_instance("object");
1638 }
1639 
1640 static void
1641 doobjstat(void)
1642 {
1643 	struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo;
1644 	int cnt, i;
1645 
1646 	kvo = kinfo_getvmobject(&cnt);
1647 	if (kvo == NULL) {
1648 		xo_warn("Failed to fetch VM object list");
1649 		return;
1650 	}
1651 	xo_emit("{T:RES/%5s} {T:ACT/%5s} {T:INACT/%5s} {T:REF/%3s} {T:SHD/%3s} "
1652 	    "{T:CM/%3s} {T:TP/%2s} {T:PATH/%s}\n");
1653 	xo_open_list("object");
1654 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
1655 		display_object(&kvo[i]);
1656 	free(kvo);
1657 	xo_close_list("object");
1658 }
1659 
1660 /*
1661  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1662  */
1663 static void
1664 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1665 {
1666 	const char *sym;
1667 
1668 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1669 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1670 		if (*sym == '_')
1671 			++sym;
1672 		xo_errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1673 	}
1674 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1675 	    size) != size) {
1676 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1677 		if (*sym == '_')
1678 			++sym;
1679 		xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1680 	}
1681 }
1682 
1683 static void
1684 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1685 {
1686 
1687 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1688 }
1689 
1690 static void __dead2
1691 usage(void)
1692 {
1693 	xo_error("%s%s",
1694 	    "usage: vmstat [-afHhimoPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1695 	    "              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1696 	xo_finish();
1697 	exit(1);
1698 }
1699