xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 0e51ea9106f14e6dbefe3ab4ca36e31e3b124038)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #if 0
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/proc.h>
47 #include <sys/uio.h>
48 #include <sys/namei.h>
49 #include <sys/malloc.h>
50 #include <sys/signal.h>
51 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
52 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
53 #include <sys/resource.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/time.h>
56 #include <sys/user.h>
57 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
58 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
59 
60 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
61 
62 #include <ctype.h>
63 #include <devstat.h>
64 #include <err.h>
65 #include <errno.h>
66 #include <inttypes.h>
67 #include <kvm.h>
68 #include <limits.h>
69 #include <memstat.h>
70 #include <nlist.h>
71 #include <paths.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <string.h>
75 #include <sysexits.h>
76 #include <time.h>
77 #include <unistd.h>
78 #include <libutil.h>
79 #include <libxo/xo.h>
80 
81 #define VMSTAT_XO_VERSION "1"
82 
83 static char da[] = "da";
84 
85 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
86 #define X_SUM		0
87 	{ "_vm_cnt" },
88 #define X_HZ		1
89 	{ "_hz" },
90 #define X_STATHZ	2
91 	{ "_stathz" },
92 #define X_NCHSTATS	3
93 	{ "_nchstats" },
94 #define	X_INTRNAMES	4
95 	{ "_intrnames" },
96 #define	X_SINTRNAMES	5
97 	{ "_sintrnames" },
98 #define	X_INTRCNT	6
99 	{ "_intrcnt" },
100 #define	X_SINTRCNT	7
101 	{ "_sintrcnt" },
102 #ifdef notyet
103 #define	X_DEFICIT	XXX
104 	{ "_deficit" },
105 #define X_REC		XXX
106 	{ "_rectime" },
107 #define X_PGIN		XXX
108 	{ "_pgintime" },
109 #define	X_XSTATS	XXX
110 	{ "_xstats" },
111 #define X_END		XXX
112 #else
113 #define X_END		8
114 #endif
115 	{ "" },
116 };
117 
118 static struct statinfo cur, last;
119 static int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
120 static long generation;
121 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
122 static int num_selected;
123 static struct devstat_match *matches;
124 static int num_matches = 0;
125 static int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
126 static long select_generation;
127 static char **specified_devices;
128 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
129 
130 static struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
131 
132 #define	VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES	20	/* Default number of `winlines'. */
133 volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;		/* Tty resized, when non-zero. */
134 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
135 
136 static int	aflag;
137 static int	nflag;
138 static int	Pflag;
139 static int	hflag;
140 
141 static kvm_t   *kd;
142 
143 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
144 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
145 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
146 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
147 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
148 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
149 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
150 #define	OBJSTAT		0x80
151 
152 static void	cpustats(void);
153 static void	pcpustats(int, u_long, int);
154 static void	devstats(void);
155 static void	doforkst(void);
156 static void	dointr(unsigned int, int);
157 static void	doobjstat(void);
158 static void	dosum(void);
159 static void	dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
160 static void	domemstat_malloc(void);
161 static void	domemstat_zone(void);
162 static void	kread(int, void *, size_t);
163 static void	kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
164 static char    *kgetstr(const char *);
165 static void	needhdr(int);
166 static void	needresize(int);
167 static void	doresize(void);
168 static void	printhdr(int, u_long);
169 static void	usage(void);
170 
171 static long	pct(long, long);
172 static long long	getuptime(void);
173 
174 static char   **getdrivedata(char **);
175 
176 int
177 main(int argc, char *argv[])
178 {
179 	int c, todo;
180 	unsigned int interval;
181 	float f;
182 	int reps;
183 	char *memf, *nlistf;
184 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
185 
186 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
187 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
188 	maxshowdevs = 2;
189 	hflag = isatty(1);
190 
191 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
192 	if (argc < 0)
193 		return argc;
194 
195 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:oPp:stw:z")) != -1) {
196 		switch (c) {
197 		case 'a':
198 			aflag++;
199 			break;
200 		case 'c':
201 			reps = atoi(optarg);
202 			break;
203 		case 'P':
204 			Pflag++;
205 			break;
206 		case 'f':
207 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
208 			break;
209 		case 'h':
210 			hflag = 1;
211 			break;
212 		case 'H':
213 			hflag = 0;
214 			break;
215 		case 'i':
216 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
217 			break;
218 		case 'M':
219 			memf = optarg;
220 			break;
221 		case 'm':
222 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
223 			break;
224 		case 'N':
225 			nlistf = optarg;
226 			break;
227 		case 'n':
228 			nflag = 1;
229 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
230 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
231 				xo_errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
232 				     maxshowdevs);
233 			break;
234 		case 'o':
235 			todo |= OBJSTAT;
236 			break;
237 		case 'p':
238 			if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
239 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
240 			break;
241 		case 's':
242 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
243 			break;
244 		case 't':
245 #ifdef notyet
246 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
247 #else
248 			xo_errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
249 #endif
250 			break;
251 		case 'w':
252 			/* Convert to milliseconds. */
253 			f = atof(optarg);
254 			interval = f * 1000;
255 			break;
256 		case 'z':
257 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
258 			break;
259 		case '?':
260 		default:
261 			usage();
262 		}
263 	}
264 	argc -= optind;
265 	argv += optind;
266 
267 	xo_set_version(VMSTAT_XO_VERSION);
268 	if (todo == 0)
269 		todo = VMSTAT;
270 
271 	if (memf != NULL) {
272 		kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
273 		if (kd == NULL)
274 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
275 	}
276 
277 retry_nlist:
278 	if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
279 		if (c > 0) {
280 			int bufsize = 0, len = 0;
281 			char *buf, *bp;
282 			/*
283 			 * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'. If 'vm_cnt' is not
284 			 * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
285 			 * */
286 			if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
287 			    strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
288 				namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
289 				goto retry_nlist;
290 			}
291 			for (c = 0;
292 			     c < (int)(sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]));
293 			     c++)
294 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
295 					bufsize += strlen(namelist[c].n_name) + 1;
296 			bufsize += len + 1;
297 			buf = bp = alloca(bufsize);
298 
299 			for (c = 0;
300 			     c < (int)(sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]));
301 			     c++)
302 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0) {
303 					xo_error(" %s",
304 					    namelist[c].n_name);
305 					len = strlen(namelist[c].n_name);
306 					*bp++ = ' ';
307 					memcpy(bp, namelist[c].n_name, len);
308 					bp += len;
309 				}
310 			*bp = '\0';
311 			xo_error("undefined symbols:\n", buf);
312 		} else
313 			xo_warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
314 		xo_finish();
315 		exit(1);
316 	}
317 	if (kd && Pflag)
318 		xo_errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
319 
320 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
321 		/*
322 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
323 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
324 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
325 		 */
326 		if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
327 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
328 
329 
330 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
331 	}
332 
333 	if (*argv) {
334 		f = atof(*argv);
335 		interval = f * 1000;
336 		if (*++argv)
337 			reps = atoi(*argv);
338 	}
339 
340 	if (interval) {
341 		if (!reps)
342 			reps = -1;
343 	} else if (reps)
344 		interval = 1 * 1000;
345 
346 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
347 		doforkst();
348 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
349 		domemstat_malloc();
350 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
351 		domemstat_zone();
352 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
353 		dosum();
354 	if (todo & OBJSTAT)
355 		doobjstat();
356 #ifdef notyet
357 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
358 		dotimes();
359 #endif
360 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
361 		dointr(interval, reps);
362 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
363 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
364 	xo_finish();
365 	exit(0);
366 }
367 
368 static int
369 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
370     void *newp, size_t newlen)
371 {
372 	int error;
373 
374 	error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen);
375 	if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
376 		xo_err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
377 	return (error);
378 }
379 
380 static char **
381 getdrivedata(char **argv)
382 {
383 	if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
384 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
385 
386 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
387 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
388 
389 	if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
390 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
391 
392 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
393 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
394 
395 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
396 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
397 		if (isdigit(**argv))
398 			break;
399 		num_devices_specified++;
400 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
401 						     sizeof(char *) *
402 						     num_devices_specified);
403 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
404 	}
405 	dev_select = NULL;
406 
407 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
408 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
412 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
413 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
414 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
415 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
416 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
417 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
418 	 * those devices.
419 	 */
420 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
421 		if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
422 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
423 
424 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
425 	} else
426 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
427 
428 	/*
429 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
430 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
431 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
432 	 */
433 	if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
434 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
435 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
436 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
437 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
438 		xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
439 
440 	return(argv);
441 }
442 
443 /* Return system uptime in nanoseconds */
444 static long long
445 getuptime(void)
446 {
447 	struct timespec sp;
448 
449 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &sp);
450 
451 	return((long long)sp.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + sp.tv_nsec);
452 }
453 
454 static void
455 fill_pcpu(struct pcpu ***pcpup, int* maxcpup)
456 {
457 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
458 
459 	int maxcpu, i;
460 
461 	*pcpup = NULL;
462 
463 	if (kd == NULL)
464 		return;
465 
466 	maxcpu = kvm_getmaxcpu(kd);
467 	if (maxcpu < 0)
468 		xo_errx(1, "kvm_getmaxcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
469 
470 	pcpu = calloc(maxcpu, sizeof(struct pcpu *));
471 	if (pcpu == NULL)
472 		xo_err(1, "calloc");
473 
474 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
475 		pcpu[i] = kvm_getpcpu(kd, i);
476 		if (pcpu[i] == (struct pcpu *)-1)
477 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_getpcpu: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
478 	}
479 
480 	*maxcpup = maxcpu;
481 	*pcpup = pcpu;
482 }
483 
484 static void
485 free_pcpu(struct pcpu **pcpu, int maxcpu)
486 {
487 	int i;
488 
489 	for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++)
490 		free(pcpu[i]);
491 	free(pcpu);
492 }
493 
494 static void
495 fill_vmmeter(struct vmmeter *vmmp)
496 {
497 	struct pcpu **pcpu;
498 	int maxcpu, i;
499 
500 	if (kd != NULL) {
501 		kread(X_SUM, vmmp, sizeof(*vmmp));
502 		fill_pcpu(&pcpu, &maxcpu);
503 		for (i = 0; i < maxcpu; i++) {
504 			if (pcpu[i] == NULL)
505 				continue;
506 #define ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, name) \
507 			vmmp->name += pcpu[i]->pc_cnt.name
508 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swtch);
509 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_trap);
510 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_syscall);
511 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intr);
512 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_soft);
513 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vm_faults);
514 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_io_faults);
515 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_faults);
516 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_cow_optim);
517 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_zfod);
518 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_ozfod);
519 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapin);
520 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swapout);
521 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsin);
522 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_swappgsout);
523 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodein);
524 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodeout);
525 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsin);
526 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vnodepgsout);
527 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_intrans);
528 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_tfree);
529 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forks);
530 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforks);
531 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforks);
532 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreads);
533 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_forkpages);
534 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_vforkpages);
535 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_rforkpages);
536 			ADD_FROM_PCPU(i, v_kthreadpages);
537 #undef ADD_FROM_PCPU
538 		}
539 		free_pcpu(pcpu, maxcpu);
540 	} else {
541 		size_t size = sizeof(unsigned int);
542 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name) \
543 	mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size, NULL, 0)
544 		/* sys */
545 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
546 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
547 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
548 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
549 		GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
550 
551 		/* vm */
552 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
553 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
554 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
555 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
556 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
557 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
558 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
559 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
560 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
561 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
562 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
563 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
564 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
565 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
566 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
567 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
568 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
569 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
570 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tcached);
571 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
572 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
573 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
574 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
575 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
576 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
577 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
578 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
579 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
580 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
581 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
582 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
583 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
584 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_count);
585 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
586 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
587 		/*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
588 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
589 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
590 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
591 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
592 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
593 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
594 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
595 		GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
596 #undef GET_VM_STATS
597 	}
598 }
599 
600 static void
601 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
602 {
603 	if (kd != NULL) {
604 		/* XXX fill vmtp */
605 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
606 	} else {
607 		size_t size = sizeof(*vmtp);
608 		mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size, NULL, 0);
609 		if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
610 			xo_errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
611 	}
612 }
613 
614 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
615 static int
616 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
617 {
618 	int maxcpu;
619 	int maxid;
620 	int ncpus;
621 	int i, j;
622 	int empty;
623 	size_t size;
624 	long *times;
625 	u_long mask;
626 
627 	if (kd != NULL)
628 		xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
629 	mask = 0;
630 	ncpus = 0;
631 	size = sizeof(maxcpu);
632 	mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size, NULL, 0);
633 	if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
634 		xo_errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
635 	size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
636 	times = malloc(size);
637 	if (times == NULL)
638 		xo_err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
639 	mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0);
640 	maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
641 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
642 		empty = 1;
643 		for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
644 			if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
645 				empty = 0;
646 		}
647 		if (!empty) {
648 			mask |= (1ul << i);
649 			ncpus++;
650 		}
651 	}
652 	if (maskp)
653 		*maskp = mask;
654 	if (maxidp)
655 		*maxidp = maxid;
656 	return (ncpus);
657 }
658 
659 
660 static void
661 prthuman(const char *name, u_int64_t val, int size)
662 {
663 	char buf[10];
664 	int flags;
665 	char fmt[128];
666 
667 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), "{:%s/%%*s}", name);
668 
669 	if (size < 5 || size > 9)
670 		xo_errx(1, "doofus");
671 	flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
672 	humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
673 	xo_attr("value", "%ju", (uintmax_t) val);
674 	xo_emit(fmt, size, buf);
675 }
676 
677 static int hz, hdrcnt;
678 
679 static long *cur_cp_times;
680 static long *last_cp_times;
681 static size_t size_cp_times;
682 
683 static void
684 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
685 {
686 	struct vmtotal total;
687 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
688 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
689 	size_t size;
690 	int ncpus, maxid;
691 	u_long cpumask;
692 	int rate_adj;
693 
694 	uptime = getuptime() / 1000000000LL;
695 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
696 	rate_adj = 1;
697 	ncpus = 1;
698 	maxid = 0;
699 
700 	/*
701 	 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
702 	 * print out the header again.
703 	 */
704 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
705 
706 	/*
707 	 * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
708 	 * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
709 	 * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
710 	 * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
711 	 */
712 	if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
713 		wresized = 1;
714 		(void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
715 	} else {
716 		wresized = 0;
717 		winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
718 	}
719 
720 	if (kd != NULL) {
721 		if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
722 		    namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
723 			kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
724 		if (!hz)
725 			kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
726 	} else {
727 		struct clockinfo clockrate;
728 
729 		size = sizeof(clockrate);
730 		mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size, NULL, 0);
731 		if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
732 			xo_errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
733 		hz = clockrate.hz;
734 	}
735 
736 	if (Pflag) {
737 		ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
738 		size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
739 		cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
740 		last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
741 	}
742 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
743 		if (!--hdrcnt)
744 			printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
745 		if (kd != NULL) {
746 			if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
747 				xo_errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
748 		} else {
749 			size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
750 			mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size, NULL, 0);
751 			if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
752 				xo_errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
753 		}
754 		if (Pflag) {
755 			size = size_cp_times;
756 			mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size, NULL, 0);
757 			if (size != size_cp_times)
758 				xo_errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
759 		}
760 
761 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
762 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
763 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
764 		last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
765 
766 		/*
767 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
768 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
769 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
770 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
771 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
772 		 */
773 		switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
774 		case -1:
775 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
776 			break;
777 		case 1: {
778 			int retval;
779 
780 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
781 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
782 
783 			retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
784 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
785 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
786 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
787 					    specified_devices,
788 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
789 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
790 			switch (retval) {
791 			case -1:
792 				xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
793 				break;
794 			case 1:
795 				printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
796 				break;
797 			default:
798 				break;
799 			}
800 		}
801 		default:
802 			break;
803 		}
804 
805 		fill_vmmeter(&sum);
806 		fill_vmtotal(&total);
807 		xo_open_container("processes");
808 		xo_emit("{:runnable/%1d} {:waiting/%ld} "
809 		        "{:swapped-out/%ld}",
810 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
811 		xo_close_container("processes");
812 		xo_open_container("memory");
813 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
814 #define	rate(x)	(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
815 		if (hflag) {
816 			xo_emit("");
817 			prthuman("available-memory",
818 			         total.t_avm * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
819 			xo_emit(" ");
820 			prthuman("free-memory",
821 			         total.t_free * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 5);
822 			xo_emit(" ");
823 		} else {
824 			xo_emit(" ");
825 			xo_emit("{:available-memory/%7d}",
826 			        vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
827 			xo_emit(" ");
828 			xo_emit("{:free-memory/%7d}",
829 			        vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
830 		}
831 		xo_emit("{:total-page-faults/%5lu} ",
832 		        (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults -
833 		        osum.v_vm_faults));
834 		xo_close_container("memory");
835 
836 		xo_open_container("paging-rates");
837 		xo_emit("{:page-reactivated/%3lu} ",
838 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
839 		xo_emit("{:paged-in/%3lu} ",
840 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
841 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
842 		xo_emit("{:paged-out/%3lu} ",
843 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
844 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
845 		xo_emit("{:freed/%5lu} ",
846 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
847 		xo_emit("{:scanned/%4lu} ",
848 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
849 		xo_close_container("paging-rates");
850 
851 		devstats();
852 		xo_open_container("fault-rates");
853 		xo_emit("{:interrupts/%4lu} {:system-calls/%5lu} "
854 		        "{:context-switches/%5u}",
855 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
856 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
857 		    (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
858 		xo_close_container("fault-rates");
859 		if (Pflag)
860 			pcpustats(ncpus, cpumask, maxid);
861 		else
862 			cpustats();
863 		xo_emit("\n");
864 		xo_flush();
865 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
866 			break;
867 		osum = sum;
868 		uptime = interval;
869 		rate_adj = 1000;
870 		/*
871 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
872 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
873 		 */
874 		if (interval != 1)
875 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
876 		else
877 			halfuptime = 0;
878 		(void)usleep(interval * 1000);
879 	}
880 }
881 
882 static void
883 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
884 {
885 	int i, num_shown;
886 
887 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
888 	if (hflag) {
889 		xo_emit("{T:procs}  {T:memory}       ${T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
890 	} else {
891 		xo_emit("{T:procs}     {T:memory}        ${T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
892 	}
893 	if (num_shown > 1)
894 		xo_emit(" {T:/disks %*s}", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
895 	else if (num_shown == 1)
896 		xo_emit("   {T:disks}");
897 	xo_emit("   {T:faults}      ");
898 	if (Pflag) {
899 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
900 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
901 				xo_emit("  {T:/cpu%d}   ", i);
902 		}
903 		xo_emit("\n");
904 	} else
905 		xo_emit("   {T:cpu}\n");
906 	if (hflag) {
907 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}  {T:avm}   {T:fre}   {T:flt}  {T:re}  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
908 	} else {
909 		xo_emit("{T:r} {T:b} {T:w}     {T:avm}     {T:fre}  {T:flt}  {T:re}  {T:pi}  {T:po}    {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
910 	}
911 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
912 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
913 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
914 			xo_emit("{T:/%c%c%d} ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
915 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
916 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
917 	xo_emit("  {T:in}    {T:sy}    {T:cs}");
918 	if (Pflag) {
919 		for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
920 			if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
921 				xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}");
922 		}
923 		xo_emit("\n");
924 	} else
925 		xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}\n");
926 	if (wresized != 0)
927 		doresize();
928 	hdrcnt = winlines;
929 }
930 
931 /*
932  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
933  */
934 static void
935 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
936 {
937 
938 	hdrcnt = 1;
939 }
940 
941 /*
942  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
943  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
944  * prepended to the next output.
945  */
946 void
947 needresize(int signo)
948 {
949 
950 	wresized = 1;
951 	hdrcnt = 1;
952 }
953 
954 /*
955  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
956  */
957 void
958 doresize(void)
959 {
960 	int status;
961 	struct winsize w;
962 
963 	for (;;) {
964 		status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
965 		if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
966 			continue;
967 		else if (status == -1)
968 			xo_err(1, "ioctl");
969 		if (w.ws_row > 3)
970 			winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
971 		else
972 			winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
973 		break;
974 	}
975 
976 	/*
977 	 * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
978 	 */
979 	wresized = 0;
980 }
981 
982 #ifdef notyet
983 static void
984 dotimes(void)
985 {
986 	unsigned int pgintime, rectime;
987 
988 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
989 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
990 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
991 	xo_emit("{:page-reclaims/%u} {N:reclaims}, "
992 		"{:reclaim-time/%u} {N:total time (usec)}\n",
993 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
994 	xo_emit("{L:average}: {:reclaim-average/%u} {N:usec \\/ reclaim}\n",
995 		rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
996 	xo_emit("\n");
997 	xo_emit("{:page-ins/%u} {N:page ins}, "
998 		"{:page-in-time/%u} {N:total time (msec)}\n",
999 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
1000 	xo_emit("{L:average}: {:average/%8.1f} {N:msec \\/ page in}\n",
1001 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
1002 }
1003 #endif
1004 
1005 static long
1006 pct(long top, long bot)
1007 {
1008 	long ans;
1009 
1010 	if (bot == 0)
1011 		return(0);
1012 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
1013 	return (ans);
1014 }
1015 
1016 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
1017 
1018 static void
1019 dosum(void)
1020 {
1021 	struct nchstats lnchstats;
1022 	long nchtotal;
1023 
1024 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1025 	xo_open_container("summary-statistics");
1026 	xo_emit("{:context-switches/%9u} {N:cpu context switches}\n",
1027 		sum.v_swtch);
1028 	xo_emit("{:interrupts/%9u} {N:device interrupts}\n",
1029 		sum.v_intr);
1030 	xo_emit("{:software-interrupts/%9u} {N:software interrupts}\n",
1031 		sum.v_soft);
1032 	xo_emit("{:traps/%9u} {N:traps}\n", sum.v_trap);
1033 	xo_emit("{:system-calls/%9u} {N:system calls}\n",
1034 		sum.v_syscall);
1035 	xo_emit("{:kernel-threads/%9u} {N:kernel threads created}\n",
1036 		sum.v_kthreads);
1037 	xo_emit("{:forks/%9u} {N: fork() calls}\n", sum.v_forks);
1038 	xo_emit("{:vforks/%9u} {N:vfork() calls}\n",
1039 		sum.v_vforks);
1040 	xo_emit("{:rforks/%9u} {N:rfork() calls}\n",
1041 		sum.v_rforks);
1042 	xo_emit("{:swap-ins/%9u} {N:swap pager pageins}\n",
1043 		sum.v_swapin);
1044 	xo_emit("{:swap-in-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged in}\n",
1045 		sum.v_swappgsin);
1046 	xo_emit("{:swap-outs/%9u} {N:swap pager pageouts}\n",
1047 		sum.v_swapout);
1048 	xo_emit("{:swap-out-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged out}\n",
1049 		sum.v_swappgsout);
1050 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-ins/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageins}\n",
1051 		sum.v_vnodein);
1052 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-in-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged in}\n",
1053 		sum.v_vnodepgsin);
1054 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageouts}\n",
1055 		sum.v_vnodeout);
1056 	xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged out}\n",
1057 		sum.v_vnodepgsout);
1058 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-wakeups/%9u} {N:page daemon wakeups}\n",
1059 		sum.v_pdwakeups);
1060 	xo_emit("{:page-daemon-pages/%9u} {N:pages examined by the page daemon}\n",
1061 		sum.v_pdpages);
1062 	xo_emit("{:reactivated/%9u} {N:pages reactivated}\n",
1063 		sum.v_reactivated);
1064 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write faults}\n",
1065 		sum.v_cow_faults);
1066 	xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-optimized-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write optimized faults}\n",
1067 		sum.v_cow_optim);
1068 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-pages/%9u} {N:zero fill pages zeroed}\n",
1069 		sum.v_zfod);
1070 	xo_emit("{:zero-fill-prezeroed/%9u} {N:zero fill pages prezeroed}\n",
1071 		sum.v_ozfod);
1072 	xo_emit("{:intransit-blocking/%9u} {N:intransit blocking page faults}\n",
1073 		sum.v_intrans);
1074 	xo_emit("{:total-faults/%9u} {N:total VM faults taken}\n",
1075 		sum.v_vm_faults);
1076 	xo_emit("{:faults-requiring-io/%9u} {N:page faults requiring I\\/O}\n",
1077 		sum.v_io_faults);
1078 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-thread-creation/%9u} {N:pages affected by kernel thread creation}\n",
1079 		sum.v_kthreadpages);
1080 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-fork/%9u} {N:pages affected by  fork}()\n",
1081 		sum.v_forkpages);
1082 	xo_emit("{:faults-from-vfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by vfork}()\n",
1083 		sum.v_vforkpages);
1084 	xo_emit("{:pages-rfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by rfork}()\n",
1085 		sum.v_rforkpages);
1086 	xo_emit("{:pages-total-cached/%9u} {N:pages cached}\n",
1087 		sum.v_tcached);
1088 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed/%9u} {N:pages freed}\n",
1089 		sum.v_tfree);
1090 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-by-daemon/%9u} {N:pages freed by daemon}\n",
1091 		sum.v_dfree);
1092 	xo_emit("{:pages-freed-on-exit/%9u} {N:pages freed by exiting processes}\n",
1093 		sum.v_pfree);
1094 	xo_emit("{:active-pages/%9u} {N:pages active}\n",
1095 		sum.v_active_count);
1096 	xo_emit("{:inactive-pages/%9u} {N:pages inactive}\n",
1097 		sum.v_inactive_count);
1098 	xo_emit("{:vm-cache/%9u} {N:pages in VM cache}\n",
1099 		sum.v_cache_count);
1100 	xo_emit("{:wired-pages/%9u} {N:pages wired down}\n",
1101 		sum.v_wire_count);
1102 	xo_emit("{:free-pages/%9u} {N:pages free}\n",
1103 		sum.v_free_count);
1104 	xo_emit("{:bytes-per-page/%9u} {N:bytes per page}\n", sum.v_page_size);
1105 	if (kd != NULL) {
1106 		kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1107 	} else {
1108 		size_t size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1109 		mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size, NULL, 0);
1110 		if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1111 			xo_errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1112 	}
1113 	nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1114 	    lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1115 	    lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1116 	xo_emit(":total-name-lookups/%9ld} {N:total name lookups}\n",
1117 	        nchtotal);
1118 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {N:cache hits} "
1119 	        "({:positive-cache-hits/%ld}% pos + "
1120 	        "{:negative-cache-hits/%ld}% {N:neg}) "
1121 	        "system {:cache-hit-percent/%ld}% per-directory\n",
1122 	    "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1123 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1124 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1125 	xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {L:deletions} {:deletions/%ld}%, "
1126 	        "{L:falsehits} {:false-hits/%ld}%, "
1127 	        "{L:toolong} {:too-long/%ld}%\n", "",
1128 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1129 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1130 	    PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1131 	xo_close_container("summary-statistics");
1132 }
1133 
1134 static void
1135 doforkst(void)
1136 {
1137 	fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1138 	xo_open_container("fork-statistics");
1139 	xo_emit("{:fork/%u} {N:forks}, {:fork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1140 		"{L:average} {:fork-average/%.2f}\n",
1141 	    sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1142 	    sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1143 	    (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1144 	xo_emit("{:vfork/%u} {N:vforks}, {:vfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1145 		"{L:average} {:vfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1146 	    sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1147 	    sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1148 	    (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1149 	xo_emit("{:rfork/%u} {N:rforks}, {:rfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1150 		"{L:average} {:rfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1151 	    sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1152 	    sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1153 	    (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1154 	xo_close_container("fork-statistics");
1155 }
1156 
1157 static void
1158 devstats(void)
1159 {
1160 	int dn, state;
1161 	long double transfers_per_second;
1162 	long double busy_seconds;
1163 	long tmp;
1164 
1165 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1166 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1167 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1168 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1169 	}
1170 
1171 	busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1172 
1173 	xo_open_list("device");
1174 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1175 		int di;
1176 
1177 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
1178 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
1179 			continue;
1180 
1181 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
1182 
1183 		if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1184 		    &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1185 		    DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1186 		    DSM_NONE) != 0)
1187 			xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1188 
1189 		xo_open_instance("device");
1190 		xo_emit("{ekq:name/%c%c%d}{:transfers/%3.0Lf} ",
1191 			dev_select[dn].device_name[0],
1192 			dev_select[dn].device_name[1],
1193 			dev_select[dn].unit_number,
1194 			transfers_per_second);
1195 		xo_close_instance("device");
1196 	}
1197 	xo_close_list("device");
1198 }
1199 
1200 static void
1201 percent(const char *name, double pct, int *over)
1202 {
1203 	char buf[10];
1204 	char fmt[128];
1205 	int l;
1206 
1207 	snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), " {:%s/%%*s}", name);
1208 	l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pct);
1209 	if (l == 1 && *over) {
1210 		xo_emit(fmt, 1, buf);
1211 		(*over)--;
1212 	} else
1213 		xo_emit(fmt, 2, buf);
1214 	if (l > 2)
1215 		(*over)++;
1216 }
1217 
1218 static void
1219 cpustats(void)
1220 {
1221 	int state, over;
1222 	double lpct, total;
1223 
1224 	total = 0;
1225 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1226 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
1227 	if (total)
1228 		lpct = 100.0 / total;
1229 	else
1230 		lpct = 0.0;
1231 	over = 0;
1232 	xo_open_container("cpu-statistics");
1233 	percent("user", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1234 	percent("system", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1235 	percent("idle", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1236 	xo_close_container("cpu-statistics");
1237 }
1238 
1239 static void
1240 pcpustats(int ncpus, u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1241 {
1242 	int state, i;
1243 	double lpct, total;
1244 	long tmp;
1245 	int over;
1246 
1247 	/* devstats does this for cp_time */
1248 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1249 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1250 			continue;
1251 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1252 			tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1253 			cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i *
1254 			    CPUSTATES + state];
1255 			last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1256 		}
1257 	}
1258 
1259 	over = 0;
1260 	xo_open_list("cpu");
1261 	for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1262 		if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1263 			continue;
1264 		xo_open_instance("cpu");
1265 		xo_emit("{ke:name/%d}", i);
1266 		total = 0;
1267 		for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1268 			total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1269 		if (total)
1270 			lpct = 100.0 / total;
1271 		else
1272 			lpct = 0.0;
1273 		percent("user", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1274 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1275 		percent("system", (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1276 			 cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1277 		percent("idle", cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct,
1278 			&over);
1279 		xo_close_instance("cpu");
1280 	}
1281 	xo_close_list("cpu");
1282 }
1283 
1284 static unsigned int
1285 read_intrcnts(unsigned long **intrcnts)
1286 {
1287 	size_t intrcntlen;
1288 
1289 	if (kd != NULL) {
1290 		kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1291 		if ((*intrcnts = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1292 			err(1, "malloc()");
1293 		kread(X_INTRCNT, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1294 	} else {
1295 		for (*intrcnts = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1296 			*intrcnts = reallocf(*intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1297 			if (*intrcnts == NULL)
1298 				err(1, "reallocf()");
1299 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt",
1300 			    *intrcnts, &intrcntlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1301 				break;
1302 		}
1303 	}
1304 
1305 	return (intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long));
1306 }
1307 
1308 static void
1309 print_intrcnts(unsigned long *intrcnts, unsigned long *old_intrcnts,
1310 		char *intrnames, unsigned int nintr,
1311 		size_t istrnamlen, long long period_ms)
1312 {
1313 	unsigned long *intrcnt, *old_intrcnt;
1314 	uint64_t inttotal, old_inttotal, total_count, total_rate;
1315 	char* intrname;
1316 	unsigned int i;
1317 
1318 	inttotal = 0;
1319 	old_inttotal = 0;
1320 	intrname = intrnames;
1321 	xo_emit("{T:/%-*s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s}\n",
1322 	        (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1323 	xo_open_list("interrupt");
1324 	for (i = 0, intrcnt=intrcnts, old_intrcnt=old_intrcnts; i < nintr; i++) {
1325 		if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag)) {
1326 			unsigned long count, rate;
1327 
1328 			count = *intrcnt - *old_intrcnt;
1329 			rate = (count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1330 			xo_open_instance("interrupt");
1331 			xo_emit("{k:name/%-*s} {:total/%20lu} {:rate/%10lu}\n",
1332 			        (int)istrnamlen, intrname, count, rate);
1333 			xo_close_instance("interrupt");
1334 		}
1335 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1336 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1337 		old_inttotal += *old_intrcnt++;
1338 	}
1339 	total_count = inttotal - old_inttotal;
1340 	total_rate = (total_count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1341 	xo_close_list("interrupt");
1342 	xo_emit("{L:/%-*s} {:total-interrupts/%20" PRIu64 "} "
1343 	        "{:total-rate/%10" PRIu64 "}\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1344 	        "Total", total_count, total_rate);
1345 }
1346 
1347 static void
1348 dointr(unsigned int interval, int reps)
1349 {
1350 	unsigned long *intrcnts;
1351 	long long uptime, period_ms;
1352 	unsigned long *old_intrcnts = NULL;
1353 	size_t clen, inamlen, istrnamlen;
1354 	char *intrnames, *intrname;
1355 
1356 	uptime = getuptime();
1357 
1358 	/* Get the names of each interrupt source */
1359 	if (kd != NULL) {
1360 		kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1361 		if ((intrnames = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1362 			xo_err(1, "malloc()");
1363 		kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrnames, inamlen);
1364 	} else {
1365 		for (intrnames = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1366 			if ((intrnames = reallocf(intrnames, inamlen)) == NULL)
1367 				xo_err(1, "reallocf()");
1368 			if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames",
1369 			    intrnames, &inamlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1370 				break;
1371 		}
1372 	}
1373 
1374 	/* Determine the length of the longest interrupt name */
1375 	intrname = intrnames;
1376 	istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1377 	while(*intrname != '\0') {
1378 		clen = strlen(intrname);
1379 		if (clen > istrnamlen)
1380 			istrnamlen = clen;
1381 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1382 	}
1383 	xo_emit("%{T:/%-%s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s\n",
1384 	        (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1385 
1386 	/*
1387 	 * Loop reps times printing differential interrupt counts.  If reps is
1388 	 * zero, then run just once, printing total counts
1389 	 */
1390 	period_ms = uptime / 1000000;
1391 	while(1) {
1392 		unsigned int nintr;
1393 		long long old_uptime;
1394 
1395 		nintr = read_intrcnts(&intrcnts);
1396 		/*
1397 		 * Initialize old_intrcnts to 0 for the first pass, so
1398 		 * print_intrcnts will print total interrupts since boot
1399 		 */
1400 		if (old_intrcnts == NULL) {
1401 			old_intrcnts = calloc(nintr, sizeof(unsigned long));
1402 			if (old_intrcnts == NULL)
1403 				xo_err(1, "calloc()");
1404 		}
1405 
1406 		print_intrcnts(intrcnts, old_intrcnts, intrnames, nintr,
1407 		    istrnamlen, period_ms);
1408 
1409 		free(old_intrcnts);
1410 		old_intrcnts = intrcnts;
1411 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
1412 			break;
1413 		usleep(interval * 1000);
1414 		old_uptime = uptime;
1415 		uptime = getuptime();
1416 		period_ms = (uptime - old_uptime) / 1000000;
1417 	}
1418 }
1419 
1420 static void
1421 domemstat_malloc(void)
1422 {
1423 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1424 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1425 	int error, first, i;
1426 
1427 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1428 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1429 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1430 		return;
1431 	}
1432 	if (kd == NULL) {
1433 		if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1434 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1435 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1436 			return;
1437 		}
1438 	} else {
1439 		if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1440 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1441 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1442 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1443 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1444 			else
1445 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1446 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1447 		}
1448 	}
1449 	xo_emit("{T:/%13s} {T:/%5s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%8s}  {T:Size(s)}\n",
1450 		"Type", "InUse", "MemUse", "HighUse", "Requests");
1451 	xo_open_list("memory");
1452 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1453 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1454 		if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1455 		    memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1456 			continue;
1457 		xo_open_instance("memory");
1458 		xo_emit("{k:type/%13s} {:in-use/%5" PRIu64 "} "
1459 			"{:memory-use/%5" PRIu64 "}{U:K} {:high-use/%7s} "
1460 			"{:requests/%8" PRIu64 "}  ",
1461 		    memstat_get_name(mtp), memstat_get_count(mtp),
1462 		    (memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1463 		    memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1464 		first = 1;
1465 		xo_open_list("size");
1466 		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1467 			if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1468 				if (!first)
1469 					xo_emit(",");
1470 				xo_emit("{l:size/%d}", 1 << (i + 4));
1471 				first = 0;
1472 			}
1473 		}
1474 		xo_close_list("size");
1475 		xo_close_instance("memory");
1476 		xo_emit("\n");
1477 	}
1478 	xo_close_list("memory");
1479 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1480 }
1481 
1482 static void
1483 domemstat_zone(void)
1484 {
1485 	struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1486 	struct memory_type *mtp;
1487 	char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1488 	int error;
1489 
1490 	mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1491 	if (mtlp == NULL) {
1492 		xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1493 		return;
1494 	}
1495 	if (kd == NULL) {
1496 		if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1497 			xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1498 			    memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1499 			return;
1500 		}
1501 	} else {
1502 		if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1503 			error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1504 			if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1505 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1506 				    kvm_geterr(kd));
1507 			else
1508 				xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1509 				    memstat_strerror(error));
1510 		}
1511 	}
1512 	xo_emit("{T:/%-20s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%6s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} "
1513 		"{T:/%4s} {T:/%4s}\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1514 		"LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP");
1515 	xo_open_list("zone");
1516 	for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1517 	    mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1518 		strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1519 		strcat(name, ":");
1520 		xo_open_instance("zone");
1521 		xo_emit("{k:name/%-20s} {:size/%6" PRIu64 "}, "
1522 			"{:limit/%6" PRIu64 "},{:used/%8" PRIu64 "},"
1523 			"{:free/%8" PRIu64 "},{:requests/%8" PRIu64 "},"
1524 			"{:fail/%4" PRIu64 "},{:sleep/%4" PRIu64 "}\n", name,
1525 			memstat_get_size(mtp), memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1526 			memstat_get_count(mtp), memstat_get_free(mtp),
1527 			memstat_get_numallocs(mtp), memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1528 			memstat_get_sleeps(mtp));
1529 		xo_close_instance("zone");
1530 	}
1531 	memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1532 	xo_close_list("zone");
1533 	xo_emit("\n");
1534 }
1535 
1536 static void
1537 display_object(struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo)
1538 {
1539 	const char *str;
1540 
1541 	xo_open_instance("object");
1542         xo_emit("{:resident/%5jd} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_resident);
1543 	xo_emit("{:active/%5jd} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_active);
1544 	xo_emit("{:inactive/%5jd} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_inactive);
1545 	xo_emit("{:refcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_ref_count);
1546 	xo_emit("{:shadowcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_shadow_count);
1547 	switch (kvo->kvo_memattr) {
1548 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE
1549 	case VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE:
1550 		str = "UC";
1551 		break;
1552 #endif
1553 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING
1554 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING:
1555 		str = "WC";
1556 		break;
1557 #endif
1558 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH
1559 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH:
1560 		str = "WT";
1561 		break;
1562 #endif
1563 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED
1564 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED:
1565 		str = "WP";
1566 		break;
1567 #endif
1568 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK
1569 	case VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK:
1570 		str = "WB";
1571 		break;
1572 #endif
1573 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE
1574 	case VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE:
1575 		str = "UC-";
1576 		break;
1577 #endif
1578 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA
1579 	case VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA:
1580 		str = "WB";
1581 		break;
1582 #endif
1583 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE
1584 	case VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE:
1585 		str = "NC";
1586 		break;
1587 #endif
1588 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE
1589 	case VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE:
1590 		str = "DEV";
1591 		break;
1592 #endif
1593 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE
1594 	case VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE:
1595 		str = "C";
1596 		break;
1597 #endif
1598 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE
1599 	case VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE:
1600 		str = "PRE";
1601 		break;
1602 #endif
1603 	default:
1604 		str = "??";
1605 		break;
1606 	}
1607 	xo_emit("{:attribute/%-3s} ", str);
1608 	switch (kvo->kvo_type) {
1609 	case KVME_TYPE_NONE:
1610 		str = "--";
1611 		break;
1612 	case KVME_TYPE_DEFAULT:
1613 		str = "df";
1614 		break;
1615 	case KVME_TYPE_VNODE:
1616 		str = "vn";
1617 		break;
1618 	case KVME_TYPE_SWAP:
1619 		str = "sw";
1620 		break;
1621 	case KVME_TYPE_DEVICE:
1622 		str = "dv";
1623 		break;
1624 	case KVME_TYPE_PHYS:
1625 		str = "ph";
1626 		break;
1627 	case KVME_TYPE_DEAD:
1628 		str = "dd";
1629 		break;
1630 	case KVME_TYPE_SG:
1631 		str = "sg";
1632 		break;
1633 	case KVME_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
1634 	default:
1635 		str = "??";
1636 		break;
1637 	}
1638 	xo_emit("{:type/%-2s} ", str);
1639 	xo_emit("{:path/%-s}\n", kvo->kvo_path);
1640 	xo_close_instance("object");
1641 }
1642 
1643 static void
1644 doobjstat(void)
1645 {
1646 	struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo;
1647 	int cnt, i;
1648 
1649 	kvo = kinfo_getvmobject(&cnt);
1650 	if (kvo == NULL) {
1651 		xo_warn("Failed to fetch VM object list");
1652 		return;
1653 	}
1654 	xo_emit("{T:RES/%5s} {T:ACT/%5s} {T:INACT/%5s} {T:REF/%3s} {T:SHD/%3s} "
1655 	        "{T:CM/%3s} {T:TP/%2s} {T:PATH/%s}\n");
1656 	xo_open_list("object");
1657 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
1658 		display_object(&kvo[i]);
1659 	free(kvo);
1660 	xo_close_list("object");
1661 }
1662 
1663 /*
1664  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1665  */
1666 static void
1667 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1668 {
1669 	const char *sym;
1670 
1671 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1672 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1673 		if (*sym == '_')
1674 			++sym;
1675 		xo_errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1676 	}
1677 	if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1678 	    size) != size) {
1679 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1680 		if (*sym == '_')
1681 			++sym;
1682 		xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1683 	}
1684 }
1685 
1686 static void
1687 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1688 {
1689 	kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1690 }
1691 
1692 static char *
1693 kgetstr(const char *strp)
1694 {
1695 	int n = 0, size = 1;
1696 	char *ret = NULL;
1697 
1698 	do {
1699 		if (size == n + 1) {
1700 			ret = realloc(ret, size);
1701 			if (ret == NULL)
1702 				xo_err(1, "%s: realloc", __func__);
1703 			size *= 2;
1704 		}
1705 		if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)strp + n, &ret[n], 1) != 1)
1706 			xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", __func__, kvm_geterr(kd));
1707 	} while (ret[n++] != '\0');
1708 	return (ret);
1709 }
1710 
1711 static void
1712 usage(void)
1713 {
1714 	xo_error("%s%s",
1715 		"usage: vmstat [-afHhimoPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1716 		"              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1717 	xo_finish();
1718 	exit(1);
1719 }
1720