xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 0b381bf1fd8fbb2df974c318d58643ecfeec44b0)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static const char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
43 #endif
44 static const char rcsid[] =
45   "$FreeBSD$";
46 #endif /* not lint */
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
52 #include <sys/uio.h>
53 #include <sys/namei.h>
54 #include <sys/malloc.h>
55 #include <sys/signal.h>
56 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
59 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
60 
61 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
62 
63 #include <ctype.h>
64 #include <err.h>
65 #include <errno.h>
66 #include <kvm.h>
67 #include <limits.h>
68 #include <nlist.h>
69 #include <paths.h>
70 #include <stdio.h>
71 #include <stdlib.h>
72 #include <string.h>
73 #include <sysexits.h>
74 #include <time.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 #include <devstat.h>
77 
78 struct nlist namelist[] = {
79 #define	X_CPTIME	0
80 	{ "_cp_time" },
81 #define X_SUM		1
82 	{ "_cnt" },
83 #define	X_BOOTTIME	2
84 	{ "_boottime" },
85 #define X_HZ		3
86 	{ "_hz" },
87 #define X_STATHZ	4
88 	{ "_stathz" },
89 #define X_NCHSTATS	5
90 	{ "_nchstats" },
91 #define	X_INTRNAMES	6
92 	{ "_intrnames" },
93 #define	X_EINTRNAMES	7
94 	{ "_eintrnames" },
95 #define	X_INTRCNT	8
96 	{ "_intrcnt" },
97 #define	X_EINTRCNT	9
98 	{ "_eintrcnt" },
99 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	10
100 	{ "_kmemstatistics" },
101 #define	X_KMEMBUCKETS	11
102 	{ "_bucket" },
103 #define	X_ZLIST		12
104 	{ "_zlist" },
105 #ifdef notyet
106 #define	X_DEFICIT	13
107 	{ "_deficit" },
108 #define	X_FORKSTAT	14
109 	{ "_forkstat" },
110 #define X_REC		15
111 	{ "_rectime" },
112 #define X_PGIN		16
113 	{ "_pgintime" },
114 #define	X_XSTATS	17
115 	{ "_xstats" },
116 #define X_END		18
117 #else
118 #define X_END		13
119 #endif
120 	{ "" },
121 };
122 
123 struct statinfo cur, last;
124 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
125 long generation;
126 struct device_selection *dev_select;
127 int num_selected;
128 struct devstat_match *matches;
129 int num_matches = 0;
130 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
131 long select_generation;
132 char **specified_devices;
133 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
134 
135 struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
136 
137 int	winlines = 20;
138 int	nflag = 0;
139 
140 kvm_t *kd;
141 
142 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
143 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
144 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
145 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
146 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
147 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
148 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
149 
150 void	cpustats(), dointr(), domem(), dosum(), dozmem();
151 void	dovmstat(), kread(), usage();
152 #ifdef notyet
153 void	dotimes(), doforkst();
154 #endif
155 void printhdr __P((void));
156 static void devstats();
157 
158 int
159 main(argc, argv)
160 	register int argc;
161 	register char **argv;
162 {
163 	register int c, todo;
164 	u_int interval;
165 	int reps;
166 	char *memf, *nlistf;
167         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
168 	char *err_str;
169 
170 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
171 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
172 	maxshowdevs = 2;
173 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
174 		switch (c) {
175 		case 'c':
176 			reps = atoi(optarg);
177 			break;
178 		case 'f':
179 #ifdef notyet
180 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
181 #else
182 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
183 #endif
184 			break;
185 		case 'i':
186 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
187 			break;
188 		case 'M':
189 			memf = optarg;
190 			break;
191 		case 'm':
192 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
193 			break;
194 		case 'N':
195 			nlistf = optarg;
196 			break;
197 		case 'n':
198 			nflag = 1;
199 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
200 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
201 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
202 				     maxshowdevs);
203 			break;
204 		case 'p':
205 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
206 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
207 			break;
208 		case 's':
209 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
210 			break;
211 		case 't':
212 #ifdef notyet
213 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
214 #else
215 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
216 #endif
217 			break;
218 		case 'w':
219 			interval = atoi(optarg);
220 			break;
221 		case 'z':
222 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
223 			break;
224 		case '?':
225 		default:
226 			usage();
227 		}
228 	}
229 	argc -= optind;
230 	argv += optind;
231 
232 	if (todo == 0)
233 		todo = VMSTAT;
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
237 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
238 	 */
239 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
240 		setgid(getgid());
241 
242 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
243 	if (kd == 0)
244 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
245 
246 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
247 		if (c > 0) {
248 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
249 			for (c = 0;
250 			    c < sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]); c++)
251 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
252 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
253 					    namelist[c].n_name);
254 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
255 		} else
256 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
257 		exit(1);
258 	}
259 
260 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
261 		char **getdrivedata();
262 		struct winsize winsize;
263 
264 		/*
265 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
266 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
267 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
268 		 */
269 		if (checkversion() < 0)
270 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
271 
272 
273 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
274 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
275 		(void) ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
276 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
277 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
278 
279 	}
280 
281 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
282 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
283 	if (*argv) {
284 		interval = atoi(*argv);
285 		if (*++argv)
286 			reps = atoi(*argv);
287 	}
288 #endif
289 
290 	if (interval) {
291 		if (!reps)
292 			reps = -1;
293 	} else if (reps)
294 		interval = 1;
295 
296 #ifdef notyet
297 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
298 		doforkst();
299 #endif
300 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
301 		domem();
302 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
303 		dozmem();
304 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
305 		dosum();
306 #ifdef notyet
307 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
308 		dotimes();
309 #endif
310 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
311 		dointr();
312 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
313 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
314 	exit(0);
315 }
316 
317 char **
318 getdrivedata(argv)
319 	char **argv;
320 {
321 	register int i;
322 	char buf[30];
323 
324 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
325 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
326 
327 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
328 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
329 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
330 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
331 
332 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
333 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
334 
335 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
336 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
337 
338 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
339 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
340 		if (isdigit(**argv))
341 			break;
342 		num_devices_specified++;
343 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
344 						     sizeof(char *) *
345 						     num_devices_specified);
346 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
347 	}
348 	dev_select = NULL;
349 
350 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
351 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
352 
353 	/*
354 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
355 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
356 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
357 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
358 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
359 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
360 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
361 	 * those devices.
362 	 */
363 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
364 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
365 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
366 
367 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
368 	} else
369 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
370 
371 	/*
372 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
373 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
374 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
375 	 */
376 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
377 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
378 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
379 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
380 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
381 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
382 
383 	return(argv);
384 }
385 
386 long
387 getuptime()
388 {
389 	static time_t now, boottime;
390 	time_t uptime;
391 
392 	if (boottime == 0)
393 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
394 	(void)time(&now);
395 	uptime = now - boottime;
396 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
397 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
398 	return(uptime);
399 }
400 
401 int	hz, hdrcnt;
402 
403 void
404 dovmstat(interval, reps)
405 	u_int interval;
406 	int reps;
407 {
408 	struct vmtotal total;
409 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
410 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
411 	void needhdr();
412 	int mib[2], size;
413 
414 	uptime = getuptime();
415 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
416 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
417 
418 	if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 && namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
419 		kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
420 	if (!hz)
421 		kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
422 
423 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
424 		if (!--hdrcnt)
425 			printhdr();
426 		kread(X_CPTIME, cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
427 
428 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
429 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
430 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
431 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
432 
433 		/*
434 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
435 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
436 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
437 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
438 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
439 		 */
440 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
441 		case -1:
442 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
443 			break;
444 		case 1: {
445 			int retval;
446 
447 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
448 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
449 
450 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
451 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
452 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
453 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
454 					    specified_devices,
455 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
456 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
457 			switch (retval) {
458 			case -1:
459 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
460 				break;
461 			case 1:
462 				printhdr();
463 				break;
464 			default:
465 				break;
466 			}
467 		}
468 		default:
469 			break;
470 		}
471 
472 		kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
473 		size = sizeof(total);
474 		mib[0] = CTL_VM;
475 		mib[1] = VM_METER;
476 		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &total, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
477 			printf("Can't get kerninfo: %s\n", strerror(errno));
478 			bzero(&total, sizeof(total));
479 		}
480 		(void)printf("%2d%2d%2d",
481 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
482 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * sum.v_page_size >> 10)
483 #define	rate(x)	(((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
484 		(void)printf("%8ld%6ld ",
485 		    (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
486 		(void)printf("%4lu ",
487 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
488 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
489 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
490 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
491 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
492 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
493 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
494 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
495 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
496 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
497 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
498 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
499 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
500 		devstats();
501 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
502 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
503 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
504 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
505 		cpustats();
506 		(void)printf("\n");
507 		(void)fflush(stdout);
508 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
509 			break;
510 		osum = sum;
511 		uptime = interval;
512 		/*
513 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
514 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
515 		 */
516 		if (interval != 1)
517 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
518 		else
519 			halfuptime = 0;
520 		(void)sleep(interval);
521 	}
522 }
523 
524 void
525 printhdr()
526 {
527 	int i, num_shown;
528 
529 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
530 	(void)printf(" procs      memory     page%*s", 19, "");
531 	if (num_shown > 1)
532 		(void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
533 	else if (num_shown == 1)
534 		(void)printf("disk");
535 	(void)printf("   faults      cpu\n");
536 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm   fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
537 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
538 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
539 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
540 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
541 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
542 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
543 	(void)printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
544 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
545 }
546 
547 /*
548  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
549  */
550 void
551 needhdr()
552 {
553 
554 	hdrcnt = 1;
555 }
556 
557 #ifdef notyet
558 void
559 dotimes()
560 {
561 	u_int pgintime, rectime;
562 
563 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
564 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
565 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
566 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
567 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
568 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
569 	(void)printf("\n");
570 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
571 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
572 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
573 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
574 }
575 #endif
576 
577 long
578 pct(top, bot)
579 	long top, bot;
580 {
581 	long ans;
582 
583 	if (bot == 0)
584 		return(0);
585 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
586 	return (ans);
587 }
588 
589 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
590 
591 void
592 dosum()
593 {
594 	struct nchstats nchstats;
595 	long nchtotal;
596 
597 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
598 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
599 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
600 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
601 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
602 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
603 	(void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
604 	(void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
605 	(void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
606 	(void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
607 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
608 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
609 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
610 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
611 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
612 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
613 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
614 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
615 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
616 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
617 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
618 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
619 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
620 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
621 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
622 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
623 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
624 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
625 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
626 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
627 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
628 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
629 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
630 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
631 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
632 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
633 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
634 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
635 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
636 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
637 	kread(X_NCHSTATS, &nchstats, sizeof(nchstats));
638 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
639 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
640 	    nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
641 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
642 	(void)printf(
643 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
644 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
645 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
646 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
647 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
648 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
649 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
650 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
651 }
652 
653 #ifdef notyet
654 void
655 doforkst()
656 {
657 	struct forkstat fks;
658 
659 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
660 	(void)printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
661 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
662 	(void)printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
663 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
664 }
665 #endif
666 
667 static void
668 devstats()
669 {
670 	register int dn, state;
671 	long double transfers_per_second;
672 	long double busy_seconds;
673 	long tmp;
674 
675 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
676 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
677 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
678 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
679 	}
680 
681 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
682 
683 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
684 		int di;
685 
686 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
687 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
688 			continue;
689 
690 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
691 
692 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
693 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
694 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
695 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
696 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
697 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
698 
699 		printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
700 	}
701 }
702 
703 void
704 cpustats()
705 {
706 	register int state;
707 	double pct, total;
708 
709 	total = 0;
710 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
711 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
712 	if (total)
713 		pct = 100 / total;
714 	else
715 		pct = 0;
716 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] +
717 				cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * pct);
718 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] +
719 				cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * pct);
720 	(void)printf("%2.0f", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * pct);
721 }
722 
723 void
724 dointr()
725 {
726 	register u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
727 	register u_int64_t inttotal;
728 	register int nintr, inamlen;
729 	register char *intrname;
730 
731 	uptime = getuptime();
732 	nintr = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value - namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
733 	inamlen =
734 	    namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value - namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
735 	intrcnt = malloc((size_t)nintr);
736 	intrname = malloc((size_t)inamlen);
737 	if (intrcnt == NULL || intrname == NULL)
738 		errx(1, "malloc");
739 	kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, (size_t)nintr);
740 	kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, (size_t)inamlen);
741 	(void)printf("interrupt      total      rate\n");
742 	inttotal = 0;
743 	nintr /= sizeof(long);
744 	while (--nintr >= 0) {
745 		if (*intrcnt)
746 			(void)printf("%-12s %8lu %8lu\n", intrname,
747 			    *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
748 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
749 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
750 	}
751 	(void)printf("Total        %8llu %8llu\n", inttotal,
752 			inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
753 }
754 
755 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	200
756 
757 void
758 domem()
759 {
760 	register struct kmembuckets *kp;
761 	register struct malloc_type *ks;
762 	register int i, j;
763 	int len, size, first, nkms;
764 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
765 	const char *name;
766 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
767 	char *kmemnames[MAX_KMSTATS];
768 	char buf[1024];
769 	struct kmembuckets buckets[MINBUCKET + 16];
770 
771 	kread(X_KMEMBUCKETS, buckets, sizeof(buckets));
772 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
773 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
774 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
775 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
776 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
777 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
778 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
779 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
780 			    (void *)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
781 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
782 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
783 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
784 	}
785 	if (kmsp != NULL)
786 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
787 	(void)printf("Memory statistics by bucket size\n");
788 	(void)printf(
789 	    "Size   In Use   Free   Requests  HighWater  Couldfree\n");
790 	for (i = MINBUCKET, kp = &buckets[i]; i < MINBUCKET + 16; i++, kp++) {
791 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
792 			continue;
793 		size = 1 << i;
794 		if(size < 1024)
795 			(void)printf("%4d",size);
796 		else
797 			(void)printf("%3dK",size>>10);
798 		(void)printf(" %8ld %6ld %10ld %7ld %10ld\n",
799 			kp->kb_total - kp->kb_totalfree,
800 			kp->kb_totalfree, kp->kb_calls,
801 			kp->kb_highwat, kp->kb_couldfree);
802 		totfree += size * kp->kb_totalfree;
803 	}
804 
805 	(void)printf("\nMemory usage type by bucket size\n");
806 	(void)printf("Size  Type(s)\n");
807 	kp = &buckets[MINBUCKET];
808 	for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1, kp++) {
809 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
810 			continue;
811 		first = 1;
812 		len = 8;
813 		for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
814 			if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
815 				continue;
816 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
817 				continue;
818 			name = ks->ks_shortdesc;
819 			len += 2 + strlen(name);
820 			if (first && j < 1024)
821 				printf("%4d  %s", j, name);
822 			else if (first)
823 				printf("%3dK  %s", j>>10, name);
824 			else
825 				printf(",");
826 			if (len >= 79) {
827 				printf("\n\t ");
828 				len = 10 + strlen(name);
829 			}
830 			if (!first)
831 				printf(" %s", name);
832 			first = 0;
833 		}
834 		printf("\n");
835 	}
836 
837 	(void)printf(
838 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
839 	(void)printf(
840 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
841 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
842 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
843 			continue;
844 		(void)printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%6ldK%9ld%5u%6u",
845 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
846 		    ks->ks_inuse, (ks->ks_memuse + 1023) / 1024,
847 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
848 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
849 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
850 		first = 1;
851 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
852 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
853 				continue;
854 			if (first)
855 				printf("  ");
856 			else
857 				printf(",");
858 			if(j<1024)
859 				printf("%d",j);
860 			else
861 				printf("%dK",j>>10);
862 			first = 0;
863 		}
864 		printf("\n");
865 		totuse += ks->ks_memuse;
866 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
867 	}
868 	(void)printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
869 	(void)printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
870 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
871 }
872 
873 void
874 dozmem()
875 {
876 	char *buf;
877 	size_t bufsize;
878 
879 	buf = NULL;
880 	bufsize = 1024;
881 	for (;;) {
882 		if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
883 			err(1, "realloc()");
884 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
885 			break;
886 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
887 			err(1, "sysctl()");
888 		bufsize *= 2;
889 	}
890 	buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
891 	(void)printf("%s\n\n", buf);
892 	free(buf);
893 }
894 
895 /*
896  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
897  */
898 void
899 kread(nlx, addr, size)
900 	int nlx;
901 	void *addr;
902 	size_t size;
903 {
904 	char *sym;
905 
906 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
907 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
908 		if (*sym == '_')
909 			++sym;
910 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
911 	}
912 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != size) {
913 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
914 		if (*sym == '_')
915 			++sym;
916 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
917 	}
918 }
919 
920 void
921 usage()
922 {
923 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
924 		"usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
925 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
926 	exit(1);
927 }
928