xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 0640d357f29fb1c0daaaffadd0416c5981413afd)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static const char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
43 #endif
44 static const char rcsid[] =
45 	"$Id: vmstat.c,v 1.27 1998/09/20 00:11:17 ken Exp $";
46 #endif /* not lint */
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
52 #include <sys/buf.h>
53 #include <sys/uio.h>
54 #include <sys/namei.h>
55 #include <sys/malloc.h>
56 #include <sys/signal.h>
57 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
58 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
59 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
60 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
61 
62 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
63 
64 #include <ctype.h>
65 #include <err.h>
66 #include <errno.h>
67 #include <kvm.h>
68 #include <limits.h>
69 #include <nlist.h>
70 #include <paths.h>
71 #include <stdio.h>
72 #include <stdlib.h>
73 #include <string.h>
74 #include <sysexits.h>
75 #include <time.h>
76 #include <unistd.h>
77 #include <devstat.h>
78 
79 struct nlist namelist[] = {
80 #define	X_CPTIME	0
81 	{ "_cp_time" },
82 #define X_SUM		1
83 	{ "_cnt" },
84 #define	X_BOOTTIME	2
85 	{ "_boottime" },
86 #define X_HZ		3
87 	{ "_hz" },
88 #define X_STATHZ	4
89 	{ "_stathz" },
90 #define X_NCHSTATS	5
91 	{ "_nchstats" },
92 #define	X_INTRNAMES	6
93 	{ "_intrnames" },
94 #define	X_EINTRNAMES	7
95 	{ "_eintrnames" },
96 #define	X_INTRCNT	8
97 	{ "_intrcnt" },
98 #define	X_EINTRCNT	9
99 	{ "_eintrcnt" },
100 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	10
101 	{ "_kmemstatistics" },
102 #define	X_KMEMBUCKETS	11
103 	{ "_bucket" },
104 #ifdef notyet
105 #define	X_DEFICIT	12
106 	{ "_deficit" },
107 #define	X_FORKSTAT	13
108 	{ "_forkstat" },
109 #define X_REC		14
110 	{ "_rectime" },
111 #define X_PGIN		15
112 	{ "_pgintime" },
113 #define	X_XSTATS	16
114 	{ "_xstats" },
115 #define X_END		17
116 #else
117 #define X_END		14
118 #endif
119 #if defined(hp300) || defined(luna68k)
120 #define	X_HPDINIT	(X_END)
121 	{ "_hp_dinit" },
122 #endif
123 #ifdef mips
124 #define	X_SCSI_DINIT	(X_END)
125 	{ "_scsi_dinit" },
126 #endif
127 #ifdef tahoe
128 #define	X_VBDINIT	(X_END)
129 	{ "_vbdinit" },
130 #define	X_CKEYSTATS	(X_END+1)
131 	{ "_ckeystats" },
132 #define	X_DKEYSTATS	(X_END+2)
133 	{ "_dkeystats" },
134 #endif
135 #ifdef vax
136 #define X_MBDINIT	(X_END)
137 	{ "_mbdinit" },
138 #define X_UBDINIT	(X_END+1)
139 	{ "_ubdinit" },
140 #endif
141 	{ "" },
142 };
143 
144 struct statinfo cur, last;
145 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
146 long generation;
147 struct device_selection *dev_select;
148 int num_selected;
149 struct devstat_match *matches;
150 int num_matches = 0;
151 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
152 long select_generation;
153 char **specified_devices;
154 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
155 
156 struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
157 
158 int	winlines = 20;
159 int	nflag = 0;
160 
161 kvm_t *kd;
162 
163 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
164 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
165 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
166 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
167 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
168 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
169 
170 void	cpustats(), dointr(), domem(), dosum();
171 void	dovmstat(), kread(), usage();
172 #ifdef notyet
173 void	dotimes(), doforkst();
174 #endif
175 void printhdr __P((void));
176 static void devstats();
177 
178 int
179 main(argc, argv)
180 	register int argc;
181 	register char **argv;
182 {
183 	register int c, todo;
184 	u_int interval;
185 	int reps;
186 	char *memf, *nlistf;
187         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
188 	char *err_str;
189 
190 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
191 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
192 	maxshowdevs = 3;
193 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:")) != -1) {
194 		switch (c) {
195 		case 'c':
196 			reps = atoi(optarg);
197 			break;
198 		case 'f':
199 #ifdef notyet
200 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
201 #else
202 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
203 #endif
204 			break;
205 		case 'i':
206 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
207 			break;
208 		case 'M':
209 			memf = optarg;
210 			break;
211 		case 'm':
212 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
213 			break;
214 		case 'N':
215 			nlistf = optarg;
216 			break;
217 		case 'n':
218 			nflag = 1;
219 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
220 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
221 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
222 				     maxshowdevs);
223 			break;
224 		case 'p':
225 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
226 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
227 			break;
228 		case 's':
229 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
230 			break;
231 		case 't':
232 #ifdef notyet
233 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
234 #else
235 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
236 #endif
237 			break;
238 		case 'w':
239 			interval = atoi(optarg);
240 			break;
241 		case '?':
242 		default:
243 			usage();
244 		}
245 	}
246 	argc -= optind;
247 	argv += optind;
248 
249 	if (todo == 0)
250 		todo = VMSTAT;
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
254 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
255 	 */
256 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
257 		setgid(getgid());
258 
259 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
260 	if (kd == 0)
261 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
262 
263 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
264 		if (c > 0) {
265 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
266 			for (c = 0;
267 			    c < sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]); c++)
268 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
269 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
270 					    namelist[c].n_name);
271 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
272 		} else
273 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
274 		exit(1);
275 	}
276 
277 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
278 		char **getdrivedata();
279 		struct winsize winsize;
280 
281 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
282 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
283 		(void) ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
284 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
285 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
286 
287 	}
288 
289 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
290 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
291 	if (*argv) {
292 		interval = atoi(*argv);
293 		if (*++argv)
294 			reps = atoi(*argv);
295 	}
296 #endif
297 
298 	if (interval) {
299 		if (!reps)
300 			reps = -1;
301 	} else if (reps)
302 		interval = 1;
303 
304 #ifdef notyet
305 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
306 		doforkst();
307 #endif
308 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
309 		domem();
310 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
311 		dosum();
312 #ifdef notyet
313 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
314 		dotimes();
315 #endif
316 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
317 		dointr();
318 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
319 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
320 	exit(0);
321 }
322 
323 char **
324 getdrivedata(argv)
325 	char **argv;
326 {
327 	register int i;
328 	char buf[30];
329 
330 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
331 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
332 
333 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
334 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
335 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
336 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
337 
338 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
339 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
340 
341 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
342 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
343 
344 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
345 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
346 		if (isdigit(**argv))
347 			break;
348 		num_devices_specified++;
349 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
350 						     sizeof(char *) *
351 						     num_devices_specified);
352 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
353 	}
354 	dev_select = NULL;
355 
356 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
357 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
361 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
362 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
363 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
364 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
365 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
366 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
367 	 * those devices.
368 	 */
369 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
370 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
371 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
372 
373 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
374 	} else
375 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
376 
377 	/*
378 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
379 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
380 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
381 	 */
382 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
383 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
384 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
385 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
386 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
387 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
388 
389 	return(argv);
390 }
391 
392 long
393 getuptime()
394 {
395 	static time_t now, boottime;
396 	time_t uptime;
397 
398 	if (boottime == 0)
399 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
400 	(void)time(&now);
401 	uptime = now - boottime;
402 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
403 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
404 	return(uptime);
405 }
406 
407 int	hz, hdrcnt;
408 
409 void
410 dovmstat(interval, reps)
411 	u_int interval;
412 	int reps;
413 {
414 	struct vmtotal total;
415 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
416 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
417 	void needhdr();
418 	int mib[2], size;
419 
420 	uptime = getuptime();
421 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
422 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
423 
424 	if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 && namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
425 		kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
426 	if (!hz)
427 		kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
428 
429 	/*
430 	 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the kernel
431 	 * devstat version.  If not, exit and print a message informing
432 	 * the user of his mistake.
433 	 */
434 	if (checkversion() < 0)
435 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
436 
437 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
438 		if (!--hdrcnt)
439 			printhdr();
440 		kread(X_CPTIME, cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
441 
442 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
443 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
444 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
445 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
446 
447 		/*
448 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
449 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
450 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
451 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
452 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
453 		 */
454 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
455 		case -1:
456 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
457 			break;
458 		case 1: {
459 			int retval;
460 
461 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
462 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
463 
464 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
465 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
466 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
467 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
468 					    specified_devices,
469 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
470 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
471 			switch (retval) {
472 			case -1:
473 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
474 				break;
475 			case 1:
476 				printhdr();
477 				break;
478 			default:
479 				break;
480 			}
481 		}
482 		default:
483 			break;
484 		}
485 
486 		kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
487 		size = sizeof(total);
488 		mib[0] = CTL_VM;
489 		mib[1] = VM_METER;
490 		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &total, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
491 			printf("Can't get kerninfo: %s\n", strerror(errno));
492 			bzero(&total, sizeof(total));
493 		}
494 		(void)printf("%2d%2d%2d",
495 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
496 #define pgtok(a) ((a) * sum.v_page_size >> 10)
497 #define	rate(x)	(((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
498 		(void)printf("%8ld%6ld ",
499 		    (long)pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)pgtok(total.t_free));
500 		(void)printf("%4lu ",
501 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
502 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
503 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
504 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
505 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
506 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
507 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
508 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
509 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
510 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
511 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
512 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
513 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
514 		devstats();
515 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
516 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
517 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
518 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
519 		cpustats();
520 		(void)printf("\n");
521 		(void)fflush(stdout);
522 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
523 			break;
524 		osum = sum;
525 		uptime = interval;
526 		/*
527 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
528 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
529 		 */
530 		if (interval != 1)
531 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
532 		else
533 			halfuptime = 0;
534 		(void)sleep(interval);
535 	}
536 }
537 
538 void
539 printhdr()
540 {
541 	register int i;
542 
543 	(void)printf(" procs      memory     page%*s", 19, "");
544 	if (num_selected > 1)
545 		(void)printf("disks %*s  faults      cpu\n",
546 		   ((num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected :
547 		    maxshowdevs ) * 4 - 7, "");
548 	else if (num_selected == 1)
549 		(void)printf("disk faults      cpu\n");
550 	else
551 		(void)printf("%*s  faults      cpu\n", num_selected * 4, "");
552 
553 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm   fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
554 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
555 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
556 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
557 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
558 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
559 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
560 	(void)printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
561 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
562 }
563 
564 /*
565  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
566  */
567 void
568 needhdr()
569 {
570 
571 	hdrcnt = 1;
572 }
573 
574 #ifdef notyet
575 void
576 dotimes()
577 {
578 	u_int pgintime, rectime;
579 
580 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
581 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
582 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
583 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
584 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
585 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
586 	(void)printf("\n");
587 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
588 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
589 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
590 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
591 }
592 #endif
593 
594 long
595 pct(top, bot)
596 	long top, bot;
597 {
598 	long ans;
599 
600 	if (bot == 0)
601 		return(0);
602 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
603 	return (ans);
604 }
605 
606 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
607 
608 #if defined(tahoe)
609 #include <machine/cpu.h>
610 #endif
611 
612 void
613 dosum()
614 {
615 	struct nchstats nchstats;
616 	long nchtotal;
617 #if defined(tahoe)
618 	struct keystats keystats;
619 #endif
620 
621 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
622 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
623 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
624 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
625 #ifdef vax
626 	(void)printf("%9u pseudo-dma dz interrupts\n", sum.v_pdma);
627 #endif
628 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
629 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
630 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
631 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
632 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
633 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
634 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
635 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
636 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
637 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
638 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
639 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
640 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
641 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
642 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
643 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
644 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
645 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
646 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
647 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
648 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
649 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
650 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
651 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
652 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
653 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
654 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
655 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
656 	kread(X_NCHSTATS, &nchstats, sizeof(nchstats));
657 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
658 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
659 	    nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
660 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
661 	(void)printf(
662 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
663 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
664 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
665 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
666 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
667 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
668 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
669 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
670 #if defined(tahoe)
671 	kread(X_CKEYSTATS, &keystats, sizeof(keystats));
672 	(void)printf("%9d %s (free %d%% norefs %d%% taken %d%% shared %d%%)\n",
673 	    keystats.ks_allocs, "code cache keys allocated",
674 	    PCT(keystats.ks_allocfree, keystats.ks_allocs),
675 	    PCT(keystats.ks_norefs, keystats.ks_allocs),
676 	    PCT(keystats.ks_taken, keystats.ks_allocs),
677 	    PCT(keystats.ks_shared, keystats.ks_allocs));
678 	kread(X_DKEYSTATS, &keystats, sizeof(keystats));
679 	(void)printf("%9d %s (free %d%% norefs %d%% taken %d%% shared %d%%)\n",
680 	    keystats.ks_allocs, "data cache keys allocated",
681 	    PCT(keystats.ks_allocfree, keystats.ks_allocs),
682 	    PCT(keystats.ks_norefs, keystats.ks_allocs),
683 	    PCT(keystats.ks_taken, keystats.ks_allocs),
684 	    PCT(keystats.ks_shared, keystats.ks_allocs));
685 #endif
686 }
687 
688 #ifdef notyet
689 void
690 doforkst()
691 {
692 	struct forkstat fks;
693 
694 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
695 	(void)printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
696 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
697 	(void)printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
698 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
699 }
700 #endif
701 
702 static void
703 devstats()
704 {
705 	register int dn, state;
706 	long double transfers_per_second;
707 	long double busy_seconds;
708 	long tmp;
709 
710 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
711 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
712 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
713 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
714 	}
715 
716 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
717 
718 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
719 		int di;
720 
721 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
722 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
723 			continue;
724 
725 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
726 
727 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
728 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
729 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
730 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
731 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
732 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
733 
734 		printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
735 	}
736 }
737 
738 void
739 cpustats()
740 {
741 	register int state;
742 	double pct, total;
743 
744 	total = 0;
745 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
746 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
747 	if (total)
748 		pct = 100 / total;
749 	else
750 		pct = 0;
751 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] +
752 				cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * pct);
753 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] +
754 				cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * pct);
755 	(void)printf("%2.0f", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * pct);
756 }
757 
758 void
759 dointr()
760 {
761 	register long *intrcnt, inttotal, uptime;
762 	register int nintr, inamlen;
763 	register char *intrname;
764 
765 	uptime = getuptime();
766 	nintr = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value - namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
767 	inamlen =
768 	    namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value - namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
769 	intrcnt = malloc((size_t)nintr);
770 	intrname = malloc((size_t)inamlen);
771 	if (intrcnt == NULL || intrname == NULL)
772 		errx(1, "malloc");
773 	kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, (size_t)nintr);
774 	kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, (size_t)inamlen);
775 	(void)printf("interrupt      total      rate\n");
776 	inttotal = 0;
777 	nintr /= sizeof(long);
778 	while (--nintr >= 0) {
779 		if (*intrcnt)
780 			(void)printf("%-12s %8ld %8ld\n", intrname,
781 			    *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
782 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
783 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
784 	}
785 	(void)printf("Total        %8ld %8ld\n", inttotal, inttotal / uptime);
786 }
787 
788 void
789 domem()
790 {
791 	register struct kmembuckets *kp;
792 	register struct malloc_type *ks;
793 	register int i, j;
794 	int len, size, first, nkms;
795 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
796 	const char *name;
797 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[200], *kmsp;
798 	char *kmemnames[200];
799 	char buf[1024];
800 	struct kmembuckets buckets[MINBUCKET + 16];
801 
802 	kread(X_KMEMBUCKETS, buckets, sizeof(buckets));
803 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
804 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < 200 && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
805 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
806 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
807 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
808 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
809 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
810 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
811 			    (void *)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
812 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
813 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
814 	}
815 	(void)printf("Memory statistics by bucket size\n");
816 	(void)printf(
817 	    "Size   In Use   Free   Requests  HighWater  Couldfree\n");
818 	for (i = MINBUCKET, kp = &buckets[i]; i < MINBUCKET + 16; i++, kp++) {
819 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
820 			continue;
821 		size = 1 << i;
822 		if(size < 1024)
823 			(void)printf("%4d",size);
824 		else
825 			(void)printf("%3dK",size>>10);
826 		(void)printf(" %8ld %6ld %10ld %7ld %10ld\n",
827 			kp->kb_total - kp->kb_totalfree,
828 			kp->kb_totalfree, kp->kb_calls,
829 			kp->kb_highwat, kp->kb_couldfree);
830 		totfree += size * kp->kb_totalfree;
831 	}
832 
833 	(void)printf("\nMemory usage type by bucket size\n");
834 	(void)printf("Size  Type(s)\n");
835 	kp = &buckets[MINBUCKET];
836 	for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1, kp++) {
837 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
838 			continue;
839 		first = 1;
840 		len = 8;
841 		for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
842 			if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
843 				continue;
844 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
845 				continue;
846 			name = ks->ks_shortdesc;
847 			len += 2 + strlen(name);
848 			if (first && j < 1024)
849 				printf("%4d  %s", j, name);
850 			else if (first)
851 				printf("%3dK  %s", j>>10, name);
852 			else
853 				printf(",");
854 			if (len >= 79) {
855 				printf("\n\t ");
856 				len = 10 + strlen(name);
857 			}
858 			if (!first)
859 				printf(" %s", name);
860 			first = 0;
861 		}
862 		printf("\n");
863 	}
864 
865 	(void)printf(
866 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
867 	(void)printf(
868 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
869 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
870 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
871 			continue;
872 		(void)printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%6ldK%9ld%5u%6u",
873 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
874 		    ks->ks_inuse, (ks->ks_memuse + 1023) / 1024,
875 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
876 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
877 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
878 		first = 1;
879 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
880 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
881 				continue;
882 			if (first)
883 				printf("  ");
884 			else
885 				printf(",");
886 			if(j<1024)
887 				printf("%d",j);
888 			else
889 				printf("%dK",j>>10);
890 			first = 0;
891 		}
892 		printf("\n");
893 		totuse += ks->ks_memuse;
894 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
895 	}
896 	(void)printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
897 	(void)printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
898 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
899 }
900 
901 /*
902  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
903  */
904 void
905 kread(nlx, addr, size)
906 	int nlx;
907 	void *addr;
908 	size_t size;
909 {
910 	char *sym;
911 
912 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
913 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
914 		if (*sym == '_')
915 			++sym;
916 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
917 	}
918 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != size) {
919 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
920 		if (*sym == '_')
921 			++sym;
922 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
923 	}
924 }
925 
926 void
927 usage()
928 {
929 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
930 "usage: vmstat [-ims] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait] [disks]\n");
931 	exit(1);
932 }
933