1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)time.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 6, 1993 36.Dt TIME 1 37.Os BSD 4 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm time 40.Nd time command execution 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl alp 44.Op Fl o Ar file 45.Ar command 46.Sh DESCRIPTION 47The 48.Nm 49utility 50executes and 51times 52.Ar command 53by initiating a timer and passing the 54.Ar command 55to the 56shell. 57After the 58.Ar command 59finishes, 60.Nm 61writes to the standard error stream, 62(in seconds): 63the total time elapsed, 64the time used to execute the 65.Ar command 66process and the time consumed by system overhead. 67.Pp 68Available options: 69.Bl -tag -width Ds 70.It Fl a 71If the 72.Fl o 73flag is used, append to the specified file rather than overwriting 74it. 75Otherwise, this option has no effect. 76.It Fl l 77The contents of the 78.Em rusage 79structure are printed as well. 80.It Fl o Ar file 81Write the output to 82.Ar file 83instead of stderr. If 84.Ar file 85exists and the 86.Fl a 87flag is not specified, the file will be overwritten. 88.It Fl p 89Makes 90.Nm 91output POSIX.2 compliant (each time is printed on its own line). 92.El 93.Pp 94Some shells may provide a builtin 95.Nm 96command which is similar or identical to this utility. 97Consult the 98.Xr builtin 1 99manual page. 100.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 101If 102.Ar command 103could be timed successfully, its exit status is returned. 104If 105.Ar command 106terminated abnormally, a warning message is output to stderr. 107If the 108.Ar command 109was found but could not be run, the exit status is 126. 110If no 111.Ar command 112could be found at all, the exit status is 127. 113If 114.Nm 115encounters any other error, the exit status is between 1 and 125 116included. 117.Sh SEE ALSO 118.Xr builtin 1 , 119.Xr csh 1 , 120.Xr getrusage 2 , 121.Xr wait 2 122.Sh STANDARDS 123The 124.Nm 125utility is expected to conform to ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993 (``POSIX''). 126.Sh HISTORY 127A 128.Nm 129command appeared in 130.At v6 . 131