xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision 76b28ad6ab6dc8d4a62cb7de7f143595be535813)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
6  * by Andrew Brown.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
18  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
19  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
20  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
21  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
22  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
23  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
24  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
25  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
26  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
27  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 #if 0
32 #ifndef lint
33 __RCSID("$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.33 2011/01/15 22:54:10 njoly Exp $"
34 "$OpenBSD: stat.c,v 1.14 2009/06/24 09:44:25 sobrado Exp $");
35 #endif
36 #endif
37 
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
41 #include "config.h"
42 #else  /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
43 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 1
44 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 1
45 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME 1
46 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 1
47 #define HAVE_DEVNAME 1
48 #endif /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
49 
50 #include <sys/param.h>
51 #include <sys/types.h>
52 #include <sys/stat.h>
53 #include <sys/mount.h>
54 
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <err.h>
57 #include <errno.h>
58 #include <grp.h>
59 #include <limits.h>
60 #include <paths.h>
61 #include <pwd.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <time.h>
66 #include <unistd.h>
67 
68 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
69 #define DEF_F "%#Xf "
70 #define RAW_F "%f "
71 #define SHELL_F " st_flags=%f"
72 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
73 #define DEF_F
74 #define RAW_F
75 #define SHELL_F
76 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
77 
78 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
79 #define DEF_B "\"%SB\" "
80 #define RAW_B "%B "
81 #define SHELL_B "st_birthtime=%B "
82 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
83 #define DEF_B
84 #define RAW_B
85 #define SHELL_B
86 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
87 
88 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM
89 #define st_atimespec st_atim
90 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
91 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
92 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM */
93 
94 #define DEF_FORMAT \
95 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" " DEF_B \
96 	"%k %b " DEF_F "%N"
97 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c " RAW_B \
98 	"%k %b " RAW_F "%N"
99 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
100 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
101 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
102 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
103 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
104 	"st_atime=%a st_mtime=%m st_ctime=%c " SHELL_B \
105 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b" SHELL_F
106 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
107 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
108 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
109 	"  Mode: (%OMp%03OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
110 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
111 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
112 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
113 	"Change: %Sc"
114 
115 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
116 
117 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
118 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
119 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
120 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
121 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
122 
123 /*
124  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
125  */
126 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
127 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
128 
129 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
130 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
131 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
132 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
133 
134 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
135 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
136 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
137 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
138 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
139 
140 #define FMT_DECIMAL 	'D'
141 #define FMT_OCTAL 	'O'
142 #define FMT_UNSIGNED 	'U'
143 #define FMT_HEX 	'X'
144 #define FMT_FLOAT 	'F'
145 #define FMT_STRING 	'S'
146 
147 #define FMTF_DECIMAL	0x01
148 #define FMTF_OCTAL	0x02
149 #define FMTF_UNSIGNED	0x04
150 #define FMTF_HEX	0x08
151 #define FMTF_FLOAT	0x10
152 #define FMTF_STRING	0x20
153 
154 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
155 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
156 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
157 
158 #define	SHOW_realpath	'R'
159 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
160 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
161 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
162 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
163 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
164 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
165 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
166 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
167 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
168 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
169 #define SHOW_st_btime	'B'
170 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
171 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
172 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
173 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
174 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
175 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
176 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
177 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
178 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
179 
180 void	usage(const char *);
181 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
182 	    const char *, int, int);
183 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
184 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
185 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
186 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
187 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
188 	    int, int);
189 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
190 char   *xfflagstostr(unsigned long);
191 #endif
192 
193 static const char *timefmt;
194 static int linkfail;
195 
196 #define addchar(s, c, nl) \
197 	do { \
198 		(void)fputc((c), (s)); \
199 		(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
200 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
201 
202 int
203 main(int argc, char *argv[])
204 {
205 	struct stat st;
206 	int ch, rc, errs, am_readlink;
207 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, nfs_handle, fn, nonl, quiet;
208 	const char *statfmt, *options, *synopsis;
209 	char dname[sizeof _PATH_DEV + SPECNAMELEN] = _PATH_DEV;
210 	fhandle_t fhnd;
211 	const char *file;
212 
213 	am_readlink = 0;
214 	lsF = 0;
215 	fmtchar = '\0';
216 	usestat = 0;
217         nfs_handle = 0;
218 	nonl = 0;
219 	quiet = 0;
220 	linkfail = 0;
221 	statfmt = NULL;
222 	timefmt = NULL;
223 
224 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "readlink") == 0) {
225 		am_readlink = 1;
226 		options = "fn";
227 		synopsis = "[-fn] [file ...]";
228 		statfmt = "%Y";
229 		fmtchar = 'f';
230 		quiet = 1;
231 	} else {
232 		options = "f:FHlLnqrst:x";
233 		synopsis = "[-FLnq] [-f format | -l | -r | -s | -x] "
234 		    "[-t timefmt] [file|handle ...]";
235 	}
236 
237 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1)
238 		switch (ch) {
239 		case 'F':
240 			lsF = 1;
241 			break;
242                 case 'H':
243 			nfs_handle = 1;
244 			break;
245 		case 'L':
246 			usestat = 1;
247 			break;
248 		case 'n':
249 			nonl = 1;
250 			break;
251 		case 'q':
252 			quiet = 1;
253 			break;
254 		case 'f':
255 			if (am_readlink) {
256 				statfmt = "%R";
257 				break;
258 			}
259 			statfmt = optarg;
260 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
261 		case 'l':
262 		case 'r':
263 		case 's':
264 		case 'x':
265 			if (fmtchar != 0)
266 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
267 				    fmtchar, ch);
268 			fmtchar = ch;
269 			break;
270 		case 't':
271 			timefmt = optarg;
272 			break;
273 		default:
274 			usage(synopsis);
275 		}
276 
277 	argc -= optind;
278 	argv += optind;
279 	fn = 1;
280 
281 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
282 		if (lsF)
283 			fmtchar = 'l';
284 		else {
285 			fmtchar = 'f';
286 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
287 		}
288 	}
289 
290 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
291 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
292 
293 	switch (fmtchar) {
294 	case 'f':
295 		/* statfmt already set */
296 		break;
297 	case 'l':
298 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
299 		break;
300 	case 'r':
301 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
302 		break;
303 	case 's':
304 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
305 		break;
306 	case 'x':
307 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
308 		if (timefmt == NULL)
309 			timefmt = "%c";
310 		break;
311 	default:
312 		usage(synopsis);
313 		/*NOTREACHED*/
314 	}
315 
316 	if (timefmt == NULL)
317 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
318 
319 	errs = 0;
320 	do {
321 		if (argc == 0) {
322 			if (fdevname_r(STDIN_FILENO, dname +
323 			    sizeof _PATH_DEV - 1, SPECNAMELEN) != NULL)
324 				file = dname;
325 			else
326 				file = "(stdin)";
327 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
328 		} else {
329 			int j;
330 			char *inval;
331 
332 			file = argv[0];
333 			if (nfs_handle) {
334 				rc = 0;
335 				bzero (&fhnd, sizeof fhnd);
336 				j = MIN(2 * sizeof fhnd, strlen(file));
337 				if (j & 1) {
338 					rc = -1;
339 				} else {
340 					while (j) {
341 						((char*) &fhnd)[j / 2 - 1] =
342 						    strtol(&file[j - 2],
343 						           &inval, 16);
344 						if (inval != NULL) {
345 							rc = -1;
346 							break;
347 						}
348 						argv[0][j - 2] = '\0';
349 						j -= 2;
350 					}
351 					if (!rc)
352 						rc = fhstat(&fhnd, &st);
353 					else
354 						errno = EINVAL;
355 				}
356 
357 			} else if (usestat) {
358 				/*
359 				 * Try stat() and if it fails, fall back to
360 				 * lstat() just in case we're examining a
361 				 * broken symlink.
362 				 */
363 				if ((rc = stat(file, &st)) == -1 &&
364 				    errno == ENOENT &&
365 				    (rc = lstat(file, &st)) == -1)
366 					errno = ENOENT;
367 			}
368 			else
369 				rc = lstat(file, &st);
370 		}
371 
372 		if (rc == -1) {
373 			errs = 1;
374 			linkfail = 1;
375 			if (!quiet)
376 				warn("%s: stat", file);
377 		}
378 		else
379 			output(&st, file, statfmt, fn, nonl);
380 
381 		argv++;
382 		argc--;
383 		fn++;
384 	} while (argc > 0);
385 
386 	return (am_readlink ? linkfail : errs);
387 }
388 
389 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
390 /*
391  * fflagstostr() wrapper that leaks only once
392  */
393 char *
394 xfflagstostr(unsigned long fflags)
395 {
396 	static char *str = NULL;
397 
398 	if (str != NULL)
399 		free(str);
400 
401 	str = fflagstostr(fflags);
402 	if (str == NULL)
403 		err(1, "fflagstostr");
404 	return (str);
405 }
406 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
407 
408 void
409 usage(const char *synopsis)
410 {
411 
412 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", getprogname(), synopsis);
413 	exit(1);
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * Parses a format string.
418  */
419 void
420 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
421     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl)
422 {
423 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
424 	char buf[PATH_MAX + 4 + 1];
425 	const char *subfmt;
426 	int nl, t, i;
427 
428 	nl = 1;
429 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
430 
431 		/*
432 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
433 		 */
434 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
435 			addchar(stdout, *statfmt, &nl);
436 			statfmt++;
437 			continue;
438 		}
439 
440 		/*
441 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
442 		 * and then we skip the magic.
443 		 */
444 		subfmt = statfmt;
445 		statfmt++;
446 
447 		/*
448 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
449 		 */
450 		switch (*statfmt) {
451 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
452 			addchar(stdout, '\n', &nl);
453 			statfmt++;
454 			continue;
455 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
456 			addchar(stdout, '\t', &nl);
457 			statfmt++;
458 			continue;
459 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
460 			addchar(stdout, '%', &nl);
461 			statfmt++;
462 			continue;
463 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
464 			char num[12], *p;
465 
466 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
467 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
468 				addchar(stdout, *p, &nl);
469 			statfmt++;
470 			continue;
471 		}
472 		}
473 
474 		/*
475 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
476 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
477 		 * the form:
478 		 *
479 		 *	%	required start of format
480 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
481 		 *	size	opt. field width
482 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
483 		 *	prec	opt. precision
484 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
485 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
486 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
487 		 *
488 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
489 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
490 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
491 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
492 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
493 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
494 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
495 		 */
496 		flags = 0;
497 		do {
498 			if      (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
499 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
500 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
501 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
502 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
503 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
504 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
505 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
506 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
507 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
508 			else
509 				break;
510 			statfmt++;
511 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
512 
513 		size = -1;
514 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
515 			size = 0;
516 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
517 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
518 				statfmt++;
519 				if (size < 0)
520 					goto badfmt;
521 			}
522 		}
523 
524 		prec = -1;
525 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
526 			statfmt++;
527 
528 			prec = 0;
529 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
530 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
531 				statfmt++;
532 				if (prec < 0)
533 					goto badfmt;
534 			}
535 		}
536 
537 #define fmtcase(x, y)		case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
538 #define fmtcasef(x, y, z)	case (y): (x) = (z); statfmt++; break
539 		switch (*statfmt) {
540 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL,	FMTF_DECIMAL);
541 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL,	FMTF_OCTAL);
542 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED,	FMTF_UNSIGNED);
543 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_HEX,		FMTF_HEX);
544 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT,	FMTF_FLOAT);
545 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_STRING,	FMTF_STRING);
546 		default:
547 			ofmt = 0;
548 			break;
549 		}
550 
551 		switch (*statfmt) {
552 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
553 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
554 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
555 		default:
556 			hilo = 0;
557 			break;
558 		}
559 
560 		switch (*statfmt) {
561 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_realpath);
562 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
563 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
564 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
565 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
566 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
567 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
568 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
569 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
570 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
571 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
572 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_btime);
573 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
574 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
575 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
576 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
577 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
578 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
579 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
580 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
581 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
582 		default:
583 			goto badfmt;
584 		}
585 #undef fmtcasef
586 #undef fmtcase
587 
588 		t = format1(st,
589 		     file,
590 		     subfmt, statfmt - subfmt,
591 		     buf, sizeof(buf),
592 		     flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what);
593 
594 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < (int)(sizeof(buf) - 1); i++)
595 			addchar(stdout, buf[i], &nl);
596 
597 		continue;
598 
599 	badfmt:
600 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
601 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
602 	}
603 
604 	if (!nl && !nonl)
605 		(void)fputc('\n', stdout);
606 	(void)fflush(stdout);
607 }
608 
609 /*
610  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
611  */
612 int
613 format1(const struct stat *st,
614     const char *file,
615     const char *fmt, int flen,
616     char *buf, size_t blen,
617     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
618     int hilo, int what)
619 {
620 	u_int64_t data;
621 	char *stmp, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
622 	const char *sdata;
623 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[PATH_MAX + 4];
624 	struct passwd *pw;
625 	struct group *gr;
626 	const struct timespec *tsp;
627 	struct timespec ts;
628 	struct tm *tm;
629 	int l, small, formats;
630 
631 	tsp = NULL;
632 	formats = 0;
633 	small = 0;
634 
635 	/*
636 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
637 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
638 	 */
639 	switch (what) {
640 	case SHOW_st_dev:
641 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
642 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
643 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
644 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
645 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
646 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
647 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
648 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
649 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
650 		    0U);
651 		if (sdata == NULL)
652 			sdata = "???";
653 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
654 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
655 			data = major(data);
656 			hilo = 0;
657 		}
658 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
659 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
660 			hilo = 0;
661 		}
662 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
663 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
664 		    FMTF_STRING;
665 #else /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
666 		    0;
667 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
668 		if (ofmt == 0)
669 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
670 		break;
671 	case SHOW_st_ino:
672 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
673 		data = st->st_ino;
674 		sdata = NULL;
675 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
676 		if (ofmt == 0)
677 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
678 		break;
679 	case SHOW_st_mode:
680 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
681 		data = st->st_mode;
682 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
683 		stmp = smode;
684 		l = strlen(stmp);
685 		if (stmp[l - 1] == ' ')
686 			stmp[--l] = '\0';
687 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
688 			data >>= 12;
689 			stmp += 1;
690 			stmp[3] = '\0';
691 			hilo = 0;
692 		}
693 		else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
694 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
695 			stmp += 4;
696 			stmp[3] = '\0';
697 			hilo = 0;
698 		}
699 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
700 			data &= 0777;
701 			stmp += 7;
702 			stmp[3] = '\0';
703 			hilo = 0;
704 		}
705 		sdata = stmp;
706 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
707 		    FMTF_STRING;
708 		if (ofmt == 0)
709 			ofmt = FMTF_OCTAL;
710 		break;
711 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
712 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
713 		data = st->st_nlink;
714 		sdata = NULL;
715 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
716 		if (ofmt == 0)
717 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
718 		break;
719 	case SHOW_st_uid:
720 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
721 		data = st->st_uid;
722 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
723 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
724 		else {
725 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
726 			sdata = sid;
727 		}
728 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
729 		    FMTF_STRING;
730 		if (ofmt == 0)
731 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
732 		break;
733 	case SHOW_st_gid:
734 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
735 		data = st->st_gid;
736 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
737 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
738 		else {
739 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
740 			sdata = sid;
741 		}
742 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
743 		    FMTF_STRING;
744 		if (ofmt == 0)
745 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
746 		break;
747 	case SHOW_st_atime:
748 		tsp = &st->st_atimespec;
749 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
750 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
751 		if (tsp == NULL)
752 			tsp = &st->st_mtimespec;
753 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
754 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
755 		if (tsp == NULL)
756 			tsp = &st->st_ctimespec;
757 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
758 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
759 	case SHOW_st_btime:
760 		if (tsp == NULL)
761 			tsp = &st->st_birthtimespec;
762 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
763 		ts = *tsp;		/* copy so we can muck with it */
764 		small = (sizeof(ts.tv_sec) == 4);
765 		data = ts.tv_sec;
766 		tm = localtime(&ts.tv_sec);
767 		if (tm == NULL) {
768 			ts.tv_sec = 0;
769 			tm = localtime(&ts.tv_sec);
770 		}
771 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
772 		sdata = path;
773 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
774 		    FMTF_FLOAT | FMTF_STRING;
775 		if (ofmt == 0)
776 			ofmt = FMTF_DECIMAL;
777 		break;
778 	case SHOW_st_size:
779 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
780 		data = st->st_size;
781 		sdata = NULL;
782 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
783 		if (ofmt == 0)
784 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
785 		break;
786 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
787 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
788 		data = st->st_blocks;
789 		sdata = NULL;
790 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
791 		if (ofmt == 0)
792 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
793 		break;
794 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
795 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
796 		data = st->st_blksize;
797 		sdata = NULL;
798 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
799 		if (ofmt == 0)
800 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
801 		break;
802 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
803 	case SHOW_st_flags:
804 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
805 		data = st->st_flags;
806 		sdata = xfflagstostr(st->st_flags);
807 		if (*sdata == '\0')
808 			sdata = "-";
809 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
810 		    FMTF_STRING;
811 		if (ofmt == 0)
812 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
813 		break;
814 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
815 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
816 	case SHOW_st_gen:
817 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
818 		data = st->st_gen;
819 		sdata = NULL;
820 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
821 		if (ofmt == 0)
822 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
823 		break;
824 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN */
825 	case SHOW_realpath:
826 		small = 0;
827 		data = 0;
828 		if (file == NULL) {
829 			(void)strlcpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
830 			sdata = path;
831 		} else {
832 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
833 			if (realpath(file, path + 4) == NULL) {
834 				linkfail = 1;
835 				l = 0;
836 				path[0] = '\0';
837 			}
838 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
839 		}
840 
841 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
842 		if (ofmt == 0)
843 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
844 		break;
845 	case SHOW_symlink:
846 		small = 0;
847 		data = 0;
848 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
849 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
850 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4 - 1);
851 			if (l == -1) {
852 				linkfail = 1;
853 				l = 0;
854 				path[0] = '\0';
855 			}
856 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
857 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
858 		}
859 		else {
860 			linkfail = 1;
861 			sdata = "";
862 		}
863 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
864 		if (ofmt == 0)
865 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
866 		break;
867 	case SHOW_filetype:
868 		small = 0;
869 		data = 0;
870 		sdata = "";
871 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
872 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
873 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "|";	break;
874 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "/";	break;
875 			case S_IFREG:
876 				if (st->st_mode &
877 				    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
878 					sdata = "*";
879 				break;
880 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "@";	break;
881 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "=";	break;
882 #ifdef S_IFWHT
883 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "%";	break;
884 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
885 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
886 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = ">";	break;
887 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
888 			}
889 			hilo = 0;
890 		}
891 		else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
892 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
893 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
894 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
895 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
896 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
897 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
898 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
899 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
900 #ifdef S_IFWHT
901 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "Whiteout File";	break;
902 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
903 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
904 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = "Door";			break;
905 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
906 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
907 			}
908 			hilo = 0;
909 		}
910 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
911 		if (ofmt == 0)
912 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
913 		break;
914 	case SHOW_filename:
915 		small = 0;
916 		data = 0;
917 		(void)strlcpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
918 		sdata = path;
919 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
920 		if (ofmt == 0)
921 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
922 		break;
923 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
924 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
925 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
926 			int l1, l2;
927 
928 			l1 = format1(st,
929 			    file,
930 			    fmt, flen,
931 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev),
932 			    flags, size, prec,
933 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
934 			l2 = format1(st,
935 			    file,
936 			    fmt, flen,
937 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev),
938 			    flags, size, prec,
939 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
940 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
941 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev));
942 		}
943 		else {
944 			return (format1(st,
945 			    file,
946 			    fmt, flen,
947 			    buf, blen,
948 			    flags, size, prec,
949 			    ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size));
950 		}
951 		/*NOTREACHED*/
952 	default:
953 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
954 	}
955 
956 	/*
957 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
958 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
959 	 */
960 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
961 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
962 
963 	/*
964 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
965 	 */
966 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
967 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "%");
968 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
969 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "#");
970 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
971 		(void)strcat(lfmt, " ");
972 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
973 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "+");
974 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
975 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "-");
976 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
977 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "0");
978 
979 	/*
980 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
981 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
982 	 */
983 	if (ofmt == FMTF_FLOAT) {
984 		/*
985 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
986 		 */
987 		if (prec == 0) {
988 			if (size != -1) {
989 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
990 				(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
991 			}
992 			(void)strcat(lfmt, "lld");
993 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt,
994 			    (long long)ts.tv_sec));
995 		}
996 
997 		/*
998 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
999 		 * 9 digits.
1000 		 */
1001 		if (prec == -1)
1002 			prec = 9;
1003 
1004 		/*
1005 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
1006 		 * that will follow.
1007 		 */
1008 		size -= prec + 1;
1009 
1010 		/*
1011 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
1012 		 */
1013 		if (size > 0) {
1014 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1015 			(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1016 		}
1017 		/* Seconds: time_t cast to long long. */
1018 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "lld");
1019 
1020 		/*
1021 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
1022 		 * filling.
1023 		 */
1024 		(void)strcat(lfmt, ".%0");
1025 
1026 		/*
1027 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
1028 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
1029 		 *
1030 		 * Nanoseconds: long.
1031 		 */
1032 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dld", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
1033 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1034 
1035 		/*
1036 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
1037 		 * less significant figures.
1038 		 */
1039 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
1040 			ts.tv_nsec /= 10;
1041 
1042 		/*
1043 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
1044 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
1045 		 */
1046 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, (long long)ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec);
1047 		for (; prec > 9 && l < (int)blen; prec--, l++)
1048 			(void)strcat(buf, "0");
1049 		return (l);
1050 	}
1051 
1052 	/*
1053 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
1054 	 */
1055 	if (size != -1) {
1056 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1057 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1058 	}
1059 	if (prec != -1) {
1060 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
1061 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1062 	}
1063 
1064 	/*
1065 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
1066 	 */
1067 	if (ofmt == FMTF_STRING) {
1068 		if (sdata == NULL)
1069 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
1070 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "s");
1071 		return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata));
1072 	}
1073 
1074 	/*
1075 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
1076 	 * for some forms.
1077 	 */
1078 	if (small && ofmt != FMTF_DECIMAL)
1079 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
1080 
1081 	/*
1082 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
1083 	 */
1084 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "ll");
1085 	switch (ofmt) {
1086 	case FMTF_DECIMAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");	break;
1087 	case FMTF_OCTAL:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "o");	break;
1088 	case FMTF_UNSIGNED:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "u");	break;
1089 	case FMTF_HEX:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "x");	break;
1090 	}
1091 
1092 	return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data));
1093 }
1094