1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 */ 33 34 #if !defined(BUILTIN) && !defined(SHELL) 35 #ifndef lint 36 static char const copyright[] = 37 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 38 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 39 #endif /* not lint */ 40 #endif 41 42 #ifndef lint 43 #if 0 44 static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/20/93"; 45 #endif 46 static const char rcsid[] = 47 "$FreeBSD$"; 48 #endif /* not lint */ 49 50 #include <sys/types.h> 51 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <inttypes.h> 55 #include <limits.h> 56 #include <stdio.h> 57 #include <stdlib.h> 58 #include <string.h> 59 #include <unistd.h> 60 61 #ifdef SHELL 62 #define main printfcmd 63 #include "bltin/bltin.h" 64 #include "memalloc.h" 65 #else 66 #define warnx1(a, b, c) warnx(a) 67 #define warnx2(a, b, c) warnx(a, b) 68 #define warnx3(a, b, c) warnx(a, b, c) 69 #endif 70 71 #ifndef BUILTIN 72 #include <locale.h> 73 #endif 74 75 #define PF(f, func) do { \ 76 char *b = NULL; \ 77 if (havewidth) \ 78 if (haveprec) \ 79 (void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \ 80 else \ 81 (void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, func); \ 82 else if (haveprec) \ 83 (void)asprintf(&b, f, precision, func); \ 84 else \ 85 (void)asprintf(&b, f, func); \ 86 if (b) { \ 87 (void)fputs(b, stdout); \ 88 free(b); \ 89 } \ 90 } while (0) 91 92 static int asciicode(void); 93 static char *doformat(char *, int *); 94 static int escape(char *, int, size_t *); 95 static int getchr(void); 96 static int getfloating(long double *, int); 97 static int getint(int *); 98 static int getnum(intmax_t *, uintmax_t *, int); 99 static const char 100 *getstr(void); 101 static char *mknum(char *, int); 102 static void usage(void); 103 104 static char **gargv; 105 106 int 107 #ifdef BUILTIN 108 progprintf(int argc, char *argv[]) 109 #else 110 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 111 #endif 112 { 113 size_t len; 114 int ch, chopped, end, rval; 115 char *format, *fmt, *start; 116 117 #ifndef BUILTIN 118 (void) setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, ""); 119 #endif 120 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) 121 switch (ch) { 122 case '?': 123 default: 124 usage(); 125 return (1); 126 } 127 argc -= optind; 128 argv += optind; 129 130 if (argc < 1) { 131 usage(); 132 return (1); 133 } 134 135 /* 136 * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion 137 * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field 138 * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value. Note, 139 * format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided 140 * arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use 141 * up the format string. 142 */ 143 fmt = format = *argv; 144 chopped = escape(fmt, 1, &len); /* backslash interpretation */ 145 rval = end = 0; 146 gargv = ++argv; 147 for (;;) { 148 start = fmt; 149 while (fmt < format + len) { 150 if (fmt[0] == '%') { 151 fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout); 152 if (fmt[1] == '%') { 153 /* %% prints a % */ 154 putchar('%'); 155 fmt += 2; 156 } else { 157 fmt = doformat(fmt, &rval); 158 if (fmt == NULL) 159 return (1); 160 end = 0; 161 } 162 start = fmt; 163 } else 164 fmt++; 165 } 166 167 if (end == 1) { 168 warnx1("missing format character", NULL, NULL); 169 return (1); 170 } 171 fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout); 172 if (chopped || !*gargv) 173 return (rval); 174 /* Restart at the beginning of the format string. */ 175 fmt = format; 176 end = 1; 177 } 178 /* NOTREACHED */ 179 } 180 181 182 static char * 183 doformat(char *start, int *rval) 184 { 185 static const char skip1[] = "#'-+ 0"; 186 static const char skip2[] = "0123456789"; 187 char *fmt; 188 int fieldwidth, haveprec, havewidth, mod_ldbl, precision; 189 char convch, nextch; 190 191 fmt = start + 1; 192 /* skip to field width */ 193 fmt += strspn(fmt, skip1); 194 if (*fmt == '*') { 195 if (getint(&fieldwidth)) 196 return (NULL); 197 havewidth = 1; 198 ++fmt; 199 } else { 200 havewidth = 0; 201 202 /* skip to possible '.', get following precision */ 203 fmt += strspn(fmt, skip2); 204 } 205 if (*fmt == '.') { 206 /* precision present? */ 207 ++fmt; 208 if (*fmt == '*') { 209 if (getint(&precision)) 210 return (NULL); 211 haveprec = 1; 212 ++fmt; 213 } else { 214 haveprec = 0; 215 216 /* skip to conversion char */ 217 fmt += strspn(fmt, skip2); 218 } 219 } else 220 haveprec = 0; 221 if (!*fmt) { 222 warnx1("missing format character", NULL, NULL); 223 return (NULL); 224 } 225 226 /* 227 * Look for a length modifier. POSIX doesn't have these, so 228 * we only support them for floating-point conversions, which 229 * are extensions. This is useful because the L modifier can 230 * be used to gain extra range and precision, while omitting 231 * it is more likely to produce consistent results on different 232 * architectures. This is not so important for integers 233 * because overflow is the only bad thing that can happen to 234 * them, but consider the command printf %a 1.1 235 */ 236 if (*fmt == 'L') { 237 mod_ldbl = 1; 238 fmt++; 239 if (!strchr("aAeEfFgG", *fmt)) { 240 warnx2("bad modifier L for %%%c", *fmt, NULL); 241 return (NULL); 242 } 243 } else { 244 mod_ldbl = 0; 245 } 246 247 convch = *fmt; 248 nextch = *++fmt; 249 *fmt = '\0'; 250 switch (convch) { 251 case 'b': { 252 size_t len; 253 char *p; 254 int getout; 255 256 #ifdef SHELL 257 p = savestr(getstr()); 258 #else 259 p = strdup(getstr()); 260 #endif 261 if (p == NULL) { 262 warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL); 263 return (NULL); 264 } 265 getout = escape(p, 0, &len); 266 *(fmt - 1) = 's'; 267 PF(start, p); 268 *(fmt - 1) = 'b'; 269 #ifdef SHELL 270 ckfree(p); 271 #else 272 free(p); 273 #endif 274 if (getout) 275 return (fmt); 276 break; 277 } 278 case 'c': { 279 char p; 280 281 p = getchr(); 282 PF(start, p); 283 break; 284 } 285 case 's': { 286 const char *p; 287 288 p = getstr(); 289 PF(start, p); 290 break; 291 } 292 case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': { 293 char *f; 294 intmax_t val; 295 uintmax_t uval; 296 int signedconv; 297 298 signedconv = (convch == 'd' || convch == 'i'); 299 if ((f = mknum(start, convch)) == NULL) 300 return (NULL); 301 if (getnum(&val, &uval, signedconv)) 302 *rval = 1; 303 if (signedconv) 304 PF(f, val); 305 else 306 PF(f, uval); 307 break; 308 } 309 case 'e': case 'E': 310 case 'f': case 'F': 311 case 'g': case 'G': 312 case 'a': case 'A': { 313 long double p; 314 315 if (getfloating(&p, mod_ldbl)) 316 *rval = 1; 317 if (mod_ldbl) 318 PF(start, p); 319 else 320 PF(start, (double)p); 321 break; 322 } 323 default: 324 warnx2("illegal format character %c", convch, NULL); 325 return (NULL); 326 } 327 *fmt = nextch; 328 return (fmt); 329 } 330 331 static char * 332 mknum(char *str, int ch) 333 { 334 static char *copy; 335 static size_t copy_size; 336 char *newcopy; 337 size_t len, newlen; 338 339 len = strlen(str) + 2; 340 if (len > copy_size) { 341 newlen = ((len + 1023) >> 10) << 10; 342 #ifdef SHELL 343 if ((newcopy = ckrealloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL) 344 #else 345 if ((newcopy = realloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL) 346 #endif 347 { 348 warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL); 349 return (NULL); 350 } 351 copy = newcopy; 352 copy_size = newlen; 353 } 354 355 memmove(copy, str, len - 3); 356 copy[len - 3] = 'j'; 357 copy[len - 2] = ch; 358 copy[len - 1] = '\0'; 359 return (copy); 360 } 361 362 static int 363 escape(char *fmt, int percent, size_t *len) 364 { 365 char *save, *store; 366 int value, c; 367 368 for (save = store = fmt; (c = *fmt); ++fmt, ++store) { 369 if (c != '\\') { 370 *store = c; 371 continue; 372 } 373 switch (*++fmt) { 374 case '\0': /* EOS, user error */ 375 *store = '\\'; 376 *++store = '\0'; 377 *len = store - save; 378 return (0); 379 case '\\': /* backslash */ 380 case '\'': /* single quote */ 381 *store = *fmt; 382 break; 383 case 'a': /* bell/alert */ 384 *store = '\a'; 385 break; 386 case 'b': /* backspace */ 387 *store = '\b'; 388 break; 389 case 'c': 390 *store = '\0'; 391 *len = store - save; 392 return (1); 393 case 'f': /* form-feed */ 394 *store = '\f'; 395 break; 396 case 'n': /* newline */ 397 *store = '\n'; 398 break; 399 case 'r': /* carriage-return */ 400 *store = '\r'; 401 break; 402 case 't': /* horizontal tab */ 403 *store = '\t'; 404 break; 405 case 'v': /* vertical tab */ 406 *store = '\v'; 407 break; 408 /* octal constant */ 409 case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': 410 case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': 411 c = (!percent && *fmt == '0') ? 4 : 3; 412 for (value = 0; 413 c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) { 414 value <<= 3; 415 value += *fmt - '0'; 416 } 417 --fmt; 418 if (percent && value == '%') { 419 *store++ = '%'; 420 *store = '%'; 421 } else 422 *store = value; 423 break; 424 default: 425 *store = *fmt; 426 break; 427 } 428 } 429 *store = '\0'; 430 *len = store - save; 431 return (0); 432 } 433 434 static int 435 getchr(void) 436 { 437 if (!*gargv) 438 return ('\0'); 439 return ((int)**gargv++); 440 } 441 442 static const char * 443 getstr(void) 444 { 445 if (!*gargv) 446 return (""); 447 return (*gargv++); 448 } 449 450 static int 451 getint(int *ip) 452 { 453 intmax_t val; 454 uintmax_t uval; 455 int rval; 456 457 if (getnum(&val, &uval, 1)) 458 return (1); 459 rval = 0; 460 if (val < INT_MIN || val > INT_MAX) { 461 warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE)); 462 rval = 1; 463 } 464 *ip = (int)val; 465 return (rval); 466 } 467 468 static int 469 getnum(intmax_t *ip, uintmax_t *uip, int signedconv) 470 { 471 char *ep; 472 int rval; 473 474 if (!*gargv) { 475 *ip = 0; 476 return (0); 477 } 478 if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') { 479 if (signedconv) 480 *ip = asciicode(); 481 else 482 *uip = asciicode(); 483 return (0); 484 } 485 rval = 0; 486 errno = 0; 487 if (signedconv) 488 *ip = strtoimax(*gargv, &ep, 0); 489 else 490 *uip = strtoumax(*gargv, &ep, 0); 491 if (ep == *gargv) { 492 warnx2("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv, NULL); 493 rval = 1; 494 } 495 else if (*ep != '\0') { 496 warnx2("%s: not completely converted", *gargv, NULL); 497 rval = 1; 498 } 499 if (errno == ERANGE) { 500 warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE)); 501 rval = 1; 502 } 503 ++gargv; 504 return (rval); 505 } 506 507 static int 508 getfloating(long double *dp, int mod_ldbl) 509 { 510 char *ep; 511 int rval; 512 513 if (!*gargv) { 514 *dp = 0.0; 515 return (0); 516 } 517 if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') { 518 *dp = asciicode(); 519 return (0); 520 } 521 rval = 0; 522 errno = 0; 523 if (mod_ldbl) 524 *dp = strtold(*gargv, &ep); 525 else 526 *dp = strtod(*gargv, &ep); 527 if (ep == *gargv) { 528 warnx2("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv, NULL); 529 rval = 1; 530 } else if (*ep != '\0') { 531 warnx2("%s: not completely converted", *gargv, NULL); 532 rval = 1; 533 } 534 if (errno == ERANGE) { 535 warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE)); 536 rval = 1; 537 } 538 ++gargv; 539 return (rval); 540 } 541 542 static int 543 asciicode(void) 544 { 545 int ch; 546 547 ch = **gargv; 548 if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"') 549 ch = (*gargv)[1]; 550 ++gargv; 551 return (ch); 552 } 553 554 static void 555 usage(void) 556 { 557 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: printf format [arguments ...]\n"); 558 } 559