1.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Keith Muller. 2.\" Copyright (c) 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)pr.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94 37.\" $FreeBSD$ 38.\" 39.Dd July 3, 2004 40.Dt PR 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm pr 44.Nd print files 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Bk -words 48.Op Ar \&+page 49.Ek 50.Bk -words 51.Op Fl Ar column 52.Ek 53.Op Fl adFfmprt 54.Bk -words 55.Oo 56.Op Fl e 57.Op Ar char 58.Op Ar gap 59.Oc 60.Ek 61.Bk -words 62.Op Fl L Ar locale 63.Ek 64.Bk -words 65.Op Fl h Ar header 66.Ek 67.Bk -words 68.Oo 69.Op Fl i 70.Op Ar char 71.Op Ar gap 72.Oc 73.Ek 74.Bk -words 75.Op Fl l Ar lines 76.Ek 77.Bk -words 78.Op Fl o Ar offset 79.Ek 80.Bk -words 81.Oo 82.Op Fl s 83.Op Ar char 84.Oc 85.Ek 86.Bk -words 87.Oo 88.Op Fl n 89.Op Ar char 90.Op Ar width 91.Oc 92.Ek 93.Bk -words 94.Op Fl w Ar width 95.Ek 96.Op - 97.Op Ar 98.Sh DESCRIPTION 99The 100.Nm 101utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. 102When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, 103and written to standard output. 104By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with 105.Bl -bullet 106.It 107A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and 108the pathname of the file. 109.It 110A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines. 111.El 112.Pp 113If standard output is associated with a terminal, 114diagnostic messages are suppressed until the 115.Nm 116utility has completed processing. 117.Pp 118When multiple column output is specified, 119text columns are of equal width. 120By default text columns are separated by at least one 121.Em <blank> . 122Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. 123Lines are not truncated under single column output. 124.Sh OPTIONS 125In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and 126width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal integer. 127.Bl -tag -width 4n 128.It Ar \&+page 129Begin output at page number 130.Ar page 131of the formatted input. 132.It Fl Ar column 133Produce output that is 134.Ar columns 135wide (default is 1) that is written vertically 136down each column in the order in which the text 137is received from the input file. 138The options 139.Fl e 140and 141.Fl i 142are assumed. 143This option should not be used with 144.Fl m . 145When used with 146.Fl t , 147the minimum number of lines is used to display the output. 148(To columnify and reshape text files more generally and without additional 149formatting, see the 150.Xr rs 1 151utility.) 152.It Fl a 153Modify the effect of the 154.Fl column 155option so that the columns are filled across the page in a round-robin order 156(e.g., when column is 2, the first input line heads column 1571, the second heads column 2, the third is the second line 158in column 1, etc.). 159This option requires the use of the 160.Fl column 161option. 162.It Fl d 163Produce output that is double spaced. 164An extra 165.Em <newline> 166character is output following every 167.Em <newline> 168found in the input. 169.It Fl e Xo 170.Op Ar char Ns 171.Op Ar gap 172.Xc 173Expand each input 174.Em <tab> 175to the next greater column 176position specified by the formula 177.Ar n*gap+1 , 178where 179.Em n 180is an integer > 0. 181If 182.Ar gap 183is zero or is omitted the default is 8. 184All 185.Em <tab> 186characters in the input are expanded into the appropriate 187number of 188.Em <space>s . 189If any nondigit character, 190.Ar char , 191is specified, it is used as the input tab character. 192.It Fl F 193Use a 194.Em <form-feed> 195character for new pages, 196instead of the default behavior that uses a 197sequence of 198.Em <newline> 199characters. 200.It Fl f 201Same as 202.Fl F 203but pause before beginning the first page if standard output is a terminal. 204.It Fl h Ar header 205Use the string 206.Ar header 207to replace the 208.Ar file name 209in the header line. 210.It Fl i Xo 211.Op Ar char Ns 212.Op Ar gap 213.Xc 214In output, replace multiple 215.Em <space>s 216with 217.Em <tab>s 218whenever two or more 219adjacent 220.Em <space>s 221reach column positions 222.Ar gap+1 , 223.Ar 2*gap+1 , 224etc. 225If 226.Ar gap 227is zero or omitted, default 228.Em <tab> 229settings at every eighth column position 230is used. 231If any nondigit character, 232.Ar char , 233is specified, it is used as the output 234.Em <tab> 235character. 236.It Fl L Ar locale 237Use 238.Ar locale 239specified as argument instead of one found in environment. 240Use "C" to reset locale to default. 241.It Fl l Ar lines 242Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to 243.Ar lines . 244If 245.Ar lines 246is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer 247depths (in lines), the 248.Nm 249utility suppresses output of both the header and trailer, as if the 250.Fl t 251option were in effect. 252.It Fl m 253Merge the contents of multiple files. 254One line from each file specified by a file operand is 255written side by side into text columns of equal fixed widths, in 256terms of the number of column positions. 257The number of text columns depends on the number of 258file operands successfully opened. 259The maximum number of files merged depends on page width and the 260per process open file limit. 261The options 262.Fl e 263and 264.Fl i 265are assumed. 266.It Fl n Xo 267.Op Ar char Ns 268.Op Ar width 269.Xc 270Provide 271.Ar width 272digit line numbering. 273The default for 274.Ar width , 275if not specified, is 5. 276The number occupies the first 277.Ar width 278column positions of each text column or each line of 279.Fl m 280output. 281If 282.Ar char 283(any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to 284separate it from whatever follows. 285The default for 286.Ar char 287is a 288.Em <tab> . 289Line numbers longer than 290.Ar width 291columns are truncated. 292.It Fl o Ar offset 293Each line of output is preceded by 294.Ar offset 295.Em <spaces>s . 296If the 297.Fl o 298option is not specified, the default is zero. 299The space taken is in addition to the output line width. 300.It Fl p 301Pause before each page if the standard output is a terminal. 302.Nm 303will write an alert character to standard error and wait for a carriage 304return to be read on the terminal. 305.It Fl r 306Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file. 307.It Fl s Ar char 308Separate text columns by the single character 309.Ar char 310instead of by the appropriate number of 311.Em <space>s 312(default for 313.Ar char 314is the 315.Em <tab> 316character). 317.It Fl t 318Print neither the five-line identifying 319header nor the five-line trailer usually supplied for each page. 320Quit printing after the last line of each file without spacing to the 321end of the page. 322.It Fl w Ar width 323Set the width of the line to 324.Ar width 325column positions for multiple text-column output only. 326If the 327.Fl w 328option is not specified and the 329.Fl s 330option is not specified, the default width is 72. 331If the 332.Fl w 333option is not specified and the 334.Fl s 335option is specified, the default width is 512. 336.It Ar file 337A pathname of a file to be printed. 338If no 339.Ar file 340operands are specified, or if a 341.Ar file 342operand is 343.Sq Fl , 344the standard input is used. 345The standard input is used only if no 346.Ar file 347operands are specified, or if a 348.Ar file 349operand is 350.Sq Fl . 351.El 352.Pp 353The 354.Fl s 355option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its 356argument, and the options 357.Fl e , 358.Fl i , 359and 360.Fl n 361require that both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option 362letter. 363.Sh EXIT STATUS 364.Ex -std 365.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 366If 367.Nm 368receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it 369flushes all accumulated error messages to the screen before 370terminating. 371.Pp 372Error messages are written to standard error during the printing 373process (if output is redirected) or after all successful 374file printing is complete (when printing to a terminal). 375.Sh SEE ALSO 376.Xr cat 1 , 377.Xr more 1 , 378.Xr rs 1 379.Sh STANDARDS 380The 381.Nm 382utility is 383.St -p1003.1-2001 384compatible. 385.Sh HISTORY 386A 387.Nm 388command appeared in 389.At v1 . 390.Sh BUGS 391The 392.Nm 393utility does not recognize multibyte characters. 394