1.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Keith Muller. 2.\" Copyright (c) 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)pr.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94 37.\" $FreeBSD$ 38.\" 39.Dd April 18, 1994 40.Dt PR 1 41.Os BSD 4.4 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm pr 44.Nd print files 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Bk -words 48.Op Ar \&+page 49.Ek 50.Bk -words 51.Op Fl Ar column 52.Ek 53.Op Fl adFmrt 54.Bk -words 55.Oo 56.Op Fl e 57.Op Ar char 58.Op Ar gap 59.Oc 60.Ek 61.Bk -words 62.Op Fl L Ar locale 63.Ek 64.Bk -words 65.Op Fl h Ar header 66.Ek 67.Bk -words 68.Oo 69.Op Fl i 70.Op Ar char 71.Op Ar gap 72.Oc 73.Ek 74.Bk -words 75.Op Fl l Ar lines 76.Ek 77.Bk -words 78.Op Fl o Ar offset 79.Ek 80.Bk -words 81.Oo 82.Op Fl s 83.Op Ar char 84.Oc 85.Ek 86.Bk -words 87.Oo 88.Op Fl n 89.Op Ar char 90.Op Ar width 91.Oc 92.Ek 93.Bk -words 94.Op Fl w Ar width 95.Ek 96.Op - 97.Op Ar file ... 98.Sh DESCRIPTION 99The 100.Nm 101utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. 102When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, 103and written to standard output. 104By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with 105.sp 106.in +2 107.ti -2 108\(bu A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and 109the pathname of the file. 110.sp 111.ti -2 112\(bu A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines. 113.in -2 114.Pp 115If standard output is associated with a terminal, 116diagnostic messages are suppressed until the 117.Nm 118utility has completed processing. 119.Pp 120When multiple column output is specified, 121text columns are of equal width. 122By default text columns are separated by at least one 123.Em <blank> . 124Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. 125Lines are not truncated under single column output. 126.Sh OPTIONS 127.Pp 128In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and 129width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal integer. 130.Bl -tag -width 4n 131.It Ar \&+page 132Begin output at page number 133.Ar page 134of the formatted input. 135.It Fl Ar column 136Produce output that is 137.Ar columns 138wide (default is 1) that is written vertically 139down each column in the order in which the text 140is received from the input file. 141The options 142.Fl e 143and 144.Fl i 145are assumed. 146This option should not be used with 147.Fl m . 148When used with 149.Fl t , 150the minimum number of lines is used to display the output. 151.It Fl a 152Modify the effect of the 153.Fl column 154option so that the columns are filled across the page in a round-robin order 155(e.g., when column is 2, the first input line heads column 1561, the second heads column 2, the third is the second line 157in column 1, etc.). 158This option requires the use of the 159.Fl column 160option. 161.It Fl d 162Produce output that is double spaced. An extra 163.Em <newline> 164character is output following every 165.Em <newline> 166found in the input. 167.It Fl e Ar \&[char\&]\&[gap\&] 168Expand each input 169.Em <tab> 170to the next greater column 171position specified by the formula 172.Ar n*gap+1 , 173where 174.Em n 175is an integer > 0. 176If 177.Ar gap 178is zero or is omitted the default is 8. 179All 180.Em <tab> 181characters in the input are expanded into the appropriate 182number of 183.Em <space>s . 184If any nondigit character, 185.Ar char , 186is specified, it is used as the input tab character. 187.It Fl F 188Use a 189.Em <form-feed> 190character for new pages, 191instead of the default behavior that uses a 192sequence of 193.Em <newline> 194characters. 195.It Fl h Ar header 196Use the string 197.Ar header 198to replace the 199.Ar file name 200in the header line. 201.It Fl i Ar \&[char\&]\&[gap\&] 202In output, replace multiple 203.Em <space>s 204with 205.Em <tab>s 206whenever two or more 207adjacent 208.Em <space>s 209reach column positions 210.Ar gap+1 , 211.Ar 2*gap+1 , 212etc. 213If 214.Ar gap 215is zero or omitted, default 216.Em <tab> 217settings at every eighth column position 218is used. 219If any nondigit character, 220.Ar char , 221is specified, it is used as the output 222.Em <tab> 223character. 224.It Fl L Ar locale 225Use 226.Ar locale 227specified as argument instead of one found in environment. 228Use "C" to reset locale to default. 229.It Fl l Ar lines 230Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to 231.Ar lines . 232If 233.Ar lines 234is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer 235depths (in lines), the 236.Nm 237utility suppresses output of both the header and trailer, as if the 238.Fl t 239option were in effect. 240.It Fl m 241Merge the contents of multiple files. 242One line from each file specified by a file operand is 243written side by side into text columns of equal fixed widths, in 244terms of the number of column positions. 245The number of text columns depends on the number of 246file operands successfully opened. 247The maximum number of files merged depends on page width and the 248per process open file limit. 249The options 250.Fl e 251and 252.Fl i 253are assumed. 254.It Fl n Ar \&[char\&]\&[width\&] 255Provide 256.Ar width 257digit line numbering. 258The default for 259.Ar width , 260if not specified, is 5. 261The number occupies the first 262.Ar width 263column positions of each text column or each line of 264.Fl m 265output. 266If 267.Ar char 268(any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to 269separate it from whatever follows. The default for 270.Ar char 271is a 272.Em <tab> . 273Line numbers longer than 274.Ar width 275columns are truncated. 276.It Fl o Ar offset 277Each line of output is preceded by 278.Ar offset 279.Em <spaces>s . 280If the 281.FL o 282option is not specified, the default is zero. 283The space taken is in addition to the output line width. 284.It Fl r 285Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file. 286.It Fl s Ar char 287Separate text columns by the single character 288.Ar char 289instead of by the appropriate number of 290.Em <space>s 291(default for 292.Ar char 293is the 294.Em <tab> 295character). 296.It Fl t 297Print neither the five-line identifying 298header nor the five-line trailer usually supplied for each page. 299Quit printing after the last line of each file without spacing to the 300end of the page. 301.It Fl w Ar width 302Set the width of the line to 303.Ar width 304column positions for multiple text-column output only. 305If the 306.Fl w 307option is not specified and the 308.Fl s 309option is not specified, the default width is 72. 310If the 311.Fl w 312option is not specified and the 313.Fl s 314option is specified, the default width is 512. 315.It Ar file 316A pathname of a file to be printed. 317If no 318.Ar file 319operands are specified, or if a 320.Ar file 321operand is 322.Sq Fl , 323the standard input is used. 324The standard input is used only if no 325.Ar file 326operands are specified, or if a 327.Ar file 328operand is 329.Sq Fl . 330.El 331.Pp 332The 333.Fl s 334option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its 335argument, and the options 336.Fl e , 337.Fl i , 338and 339.Fl n 340require that both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option 341letter. 342.Sh ERRORS 343.Pp 344If 345.Nm 346receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it 347flushes all accumulated error messages to the screen before 348terminating. 349.Pp 350The 351.Nm 352utility exits 0 on success, and 1 if an error occurs. 353.Pp 354Error messages are written to standard error during the printing 355process (if output is redirected) or after all successful 356file printing is complete (when printing to a terminal). 357.Sh SEE ALSO 358.Xr cat 1 , 359.Xr more 1 360.Sh STANDARDS 361The 362.Nm 363utility is 364.St -p1003.2 365compatible. 366.Sh HISTORY 367A 368.Nm 369command appeared in 370.At v1 . 371