1.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Keith Muller. 2.\" Copyright (c) 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)pr.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94 37.\" $FreeBSD$ 38.\" 39.Dd April 18, 1994 40.Dt PR 1 41.Os BSD 4.4 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm pr 44.Nd print files 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Bk -words 48.Op Ar \&+page 49.Ek 50.Bk -words 51.Op Fl Ar column 52.Ek 53.Op Fl adFmrt 54.Bk -words 55.Oo 56.Op Fl e 57.Op Ar char 58.Op Ar gap 59.Oc 60.Ek 61.Bk -words 62.Op Fl L Ar locale 63.Ek 64.Bk -words 65.Op Fl h Ar header 66.Ek 67.Bk -words 68.Oo 69.Op Fl i 70.Op Ar char 71.Op Ar gap 72.Oc 73.Ek 74.Bk -words 75.Op Fl l Ar lines 76.Ek 77.Bk -words 78.Op Fl o Ar offset 79.Ek 80.Bk -words 81.Oo 82.Op Fl s 83.Op Ar char 84.Oc 85.Ek 86.Bk -words 87.Oo 88.Op Fl n 89.Op Ar char 90.Op Ar width 91.Oc 92.Ek 93.Bk -words 94.Op Fl w Ar width 95.Ek 96.Op - 97.Op Ar 98.Sh DESCRIPTION 99The 100.Nm 101utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. 102When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, 103and written to standard output. 104By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with 105.Bl -bullet 106.It 107A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and 108the pathname of the file. 109.It 110A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines. 111.El 112.Pp 113If standard output is associated with a terminal, 114diagnostic messages are suppressed until the 115.Nm 116utility has completed processing. 117.Pp 118When multiple column output is specified, 119text columns are of equal width. 120By default text columns are separated by at least one 121.Em <blank> . 122Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. 123Lines are not truncated under single column output. 124.Sh OPTIONS 125.Pp 126In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and 127width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal integer. 128.Bl -tag -width 4n 129.It Ar \&+page 130Begin output at page number 131.Ar page 132of the formatted input. 133.It Fl Ar column 134Produce output that is 135.Ar columns 136wide (default is 1) that is written vertically 137down each column in the order in which the text 138is received from the input file. 139The options 140.Fl e 141and 142.Fl i 143are assumed. 144This option should not be used with 145.Fl m . 146When used with 147.Fl t , 148the minimum number of lines is used to display the output. 149.It Fl a 150Modify the effect of the 151.Fl column 152option so that the columns are filled across the page in a round-robin order 153(e.g., when column is 2, the first input line heads column 1541, the second heads column 2, the third is the second line 155in column 1, etc.). 156This option requires the use of the 157.Fl column 158option. 159.It Fl d 160Produce output that is double spaced. 161An extra 162.Em <newline> 163character is output following every 164.Em <newline> 165found in the input. 166.It Fl e Xo 167.Op Ar char Ns 168.Op Ar gap 169.Xc 170Expand each input 171.Em <tab> 172to the next greater column 173position specified by the formula 174.Ar n*gap+1 , 175where 176.Em n 177is an integer > 0. 178If 179.Ar gap 180is zero or is omitted the default is 8. 181All 182.Em <tab> 183characters in the input are expanded into the appropriate 184number of 185.Em <space>s . 186If any nondigit character, 187.Ar char , 188is specified, it is used as the input tab character. 189.It Fl F 190Use a 191.Em <form-feed> 192character for new pages, 193instead of the default behavior that uses a 194sequence of 195.Em <newline> 196characters. 197.It Fl h Ar header 198Use the string 199.Ar header 200to replace the 201.Ar file name 202in the header line. 203.It Fl i Xo 204.Op Ar char Ns 205.Op Ar gap 206.Xc 207In output, replace multiple 208.Em <space>s 209with 210.Em <tab>s 211whenever two or more 212adjacent 213.Em <space>s 214reach column positions 215.Ar gap+1 , 216.Ar 2*gap+1 , 217etc. 218If 219.Ar gap 220is zero or omitted, default 221.Em <tab> 222settings at every eighth column position 223is used. 224If any nondigit character, 225.Ar char , 226is specified, it is used as the output 227.Em <tab> 228character. 229.It Fl L Ar locale 230Use 231.Ar locale 232specified as argument instead of one found in environment. 233Use "C" to reset locale to default. 234.It Fl l Ar lines 235Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to 236.Ar lines . 237If 238.Ar lines 239is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer 240depths (in lines), the 241.Nm 242utility suppresses output of both the header and trailer, as if the 243.Fl t 244option were in effect. 245.It Fl m 246Merge the contents of multiple files. 247One line from each file specified by a file operand is 248written side by side into text columns of equal fixed widths, in 249terms of the number of column positions. 250The number of text columns depends on the number of 251file operands successfully opened. 252The maximum number of files merged depends on page width and the 253per process open file limit. 254The options 255.Fl e 256and 257.Fl i 258are assumed. 259.It Fl n Xo 260.Op Ar char Ns 261.Op Ar width 262.Xc 263Provide 264.Ar width 265digit line numbering. 266The default for 267.Ar width , 268if not specified, is 5. 269The number occupies the first 270.Ar width 271column positions of each text column or each line of 272.Fl m 273output. 274If 275.Ar char 276(any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to 277separate it from whatever follows. 278The default for 279.Ar char 280is a 281.Em <tab> . 282Line numbers longer than 283.Ar width 284columns are truncated. 285.It Fl o Ar offset 286Each line of output is preceded by 287.Ar offset 288.Em <spaces>s . 289If the 290.Fl o 291option is not specified, the default is zero. 292The space taken is in addition to the output line width. 293.It Fl r 294Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file. 295.It Fl s Ar char 296Separate text columns by the single character 297.Ar char 298instead of by the appropriate number of 299.Em <space>s 300(default for 301.Ar char 302is the 303.Em <tab> 304character). 305.It Fl t 306Print neither the five-line identifying 307header nor the five-line trailer usually supplied for each page. 308Quit printing after the last line of each file without spacing to the 309end of the page. 310.It Fl w Ar width 311Set the width of the line to 312.Ar width 313column positions for multiple text-column output only. 314If the 315.Fl w 316option is not specified and the 317.Fl s 318option is not specified, the default width is 72. 319If the 320.Fl w 321option is not specified and the 322.Fl s 323option is specified, the default width is 512. 324.It Ar file 325A pathname of a file to be printed. 326If no 327.Ar file 328operands are specified, or if a 329.Ar file 330operand is 331.Sq Fl , 332the standard input is used. 333The standard input is used only if no 334.Ar file 335operands are specified, or if a 336.Ar file 337operand is 338.Sq Fl . 339.El 340.Pp 341The 342.Fl s 343option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its 344argument, and the options 345.Fl e , 346.Fl i , 347and 348.Fl n 349require that both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option 350letter. 351.Sh ERRORS 352.Pp 353If 354.Nm 355receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it 356flushes all accumulated error messages to the screen before 357terminating. 358.Pp 359The 360.Nm 361utility exits 0 on success, and 1 if an error occurs. 362.Pp 363Error messages are written to standard error during the printing 364process (if output is redirected) or after all successful 365file printing is complete (when printing to a terminal). 366.Sh SEE ALSO 367.Xr cat 1 , 368.Xr more 1 369.Sh STANDARDS 370The 371.Nm 372utility is 373.St -p1003.2 374compatible. 375.Sh HISTORY 376A 377.Nm 378command appeared in 379.At v1 . 380