19b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993 29b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 39b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 49b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 59b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" Adam S. Moskowitz and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics 69b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" Engineers, Inc. 79b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 89b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 99b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 109b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" are met: 119b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 129b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 139b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 149b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 159b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16*fbbd9655SWarner Losh.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 179b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 189b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" without specific prior written permission. 199b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 209b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 219b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 229b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 239b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 249b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 259b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 269b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 279b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 289b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 299b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 309b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 319b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 329b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" @(#)paste.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33c3aac50fSPeter Wemm.\" $FreeBSD$ 349b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.\" 350f10c7bbSTim J. Robbins.Dd June 25, 2004 369b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Dt PASTE 1 379b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Os 389b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Sh NAME 399b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Nm paste 409b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Nd merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files 419b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Sh SYNOPSIS 421e133604SPhilippe Charnier.Nm 439b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Op Fl s 449b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Op Fl d Ar list 4547dec781SRuslan Ermilov.Ar 469b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Sh DESCRIPTION 479b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe 481e133604SPhilippe Charnier.Nm 499b50d902SRodney W. Grimesutility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files, 509b50d902SRodney W. Grimesreplacing all but the last file's newline characters with a single tab 519b50d902SRodney W. Grimescharacter, and writes the resulting lines to standard output. 529b50d902SRodney W. GrimesIf end-of-file is reached on an input file while other input files 539b50d902SRodney W. Grimesstill contain data, the file is treated as if it were an endless source 549b50d902SRodney W. Grimesof empty lines. 559b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Pp 569b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe options are as follows: 579b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Bl -tag -width Fl 589b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Fl d Ar list 599b50d902SRodney W. GrimesUse one or more of the provided characters to replace the newline 609b50d902SRodney W. Grimescharacters instead of the default tab. 619b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe characters in 629b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Ar list 639b50d902SRodney W. Grimesare used circularly, i.e., when 649b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Ar list 659b50d902SRodney W. Grimesis exhausted the first character from 669b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Ar list 679b50d902SRodney W. Grimesis reused. 689b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThis continues until a line from the last input file (in default operation) 694ed31d66SPhilippe Charnieror the last line in each file (using the 704ed31d66SPhilippe Charnier.Fl s 714ed31d66SPhilippe Charnieroption) is displayed, at which 729b50d902SRodney W. Grimestime 731e133604SPhilippe Charnier.Nm 749b50d902SRodney W. Grimesbegins selecting characters from the beginning of 759b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Ar list 769b50d902SRodney W. Grimesagain. 779b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Pp 789b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe following special characters can also be used in list: 799b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Pp 809b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Bl -tag -width flag -compact 819b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Li \en 829b50d902SRodney W. Grimesnewline character 839b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Li \et 849b50d902SRodney W. Grimestab character 859b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Li \e\e 869b50d902SRodney W. Grimesbackslash character 879b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Li \e0 889b50d902SRodney W. GrimesEmpty string (not a null character). 899b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.El 909b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Pp 919b50d902SRodney W. GrimesAny other character preceded by a backslash is equivalent to the 929b50d902SRodney W. Grimescharacter itself. 939b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.It Fl s 949b50d902SRodney W. GrimesConcatenate all of the lines of each separate input file in command line 959b50d902SRodney W. Grimesorder. 969b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe newline character of every line except the last line in each input 979b50d902SRodney W. Grimesfile is replaced with the tab character, unless otherwise specified by 984ed31d66SPhilippe Charnierthe 994ed31d66SPhilippe Charnier.Fl d 1004ed31d66SPhilippe Charnieroption. 1019b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.El 1029b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Pp 1039b50d902SRodney W. GrimesIf 104463cfa80SRuslan Ermilov.Sq Fl 1059b50d902SRodney W. Grimesis specified for one or more of the input files, the standard 1069b50d902SRodney W. Grimesinput is used; standard input is read one line at a time, circularly, 1079b50d902SRodney W. Grimesfor each instance of 108463cfa80SRuslan Ermilov.Sq Fl . 1096c7216dfSRuslan Ermilov.Sh EXIT STATUS 1106c7216dfSRuslan Ermilov.Ex -std 11176d70052STim J. Robbins.Sh EXAMPLES 11276d70052STim J. RobbinsList the files in the current directory in three columns: 11376d70052STim J. Robbins.Pp 11476d70052STim J. Robbins.Dl "ls | paste - - -" 11576d70052STim J. Robbins.Pp 11676d70052STim J. RobbinsCombine pairs of lines from a file into single lines: 11776d70052STim J. Robbins.Pp 11876d70052STim J. Robbins.Dl "paste -s -d '\et\en' myfile" 11976d70052STim J. Robbins.Pp 12076d70052STim J. RobbinsNumber the lines in a file, similar to 12176d70052STim J. Robbins.Xr nl 1 : 12276d70052STim J. Robbins.Pp 12376d70052STim J. Robbins.Dl "sed = myfile | paste -s -d '\et\en' - -" 124851623f4SJuli Mallett.Pp 12506e482e6SRuslan ErmilovCreate a colon-separated list of directories named 12606e482e6SRuslan Ermilov.Pa bin , 12706e482e6SRuslan Ermilovsuitable 128851623f4SJuli Mallettfor use in the 129851623f4SJuli Mallett.Ev PATH 130851623f4SJuli Mallettenvironment variable: 131851623f4SJuli Mallett.Pp 132851623f4SJuli Mallett.Dl "find / -name bin -type d | paste -s -d : -" 1339b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Sh SEE ALSO 134748dcfb0SGarrett Wollman.Xr cut 1 , 135748dcfb0SGarrett Wollman.Xr lam 1 1369b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.Sh STANDARDS 1379b50d902SRodney W. GrimesThe 1381e133604SPhilippe Charnier.Nm 1399b50d902SRodney W. Grimesutility is expected to be 1409b50d902SRodney W. Grimes.St -p1003.2 1419b50d902SRodney W. Grimescompatible. 14230f8b6c1STim J. Robbins.Sh HISTORY 14330f8b6c1STim J. RobbinsA 14430f8b6c1STim J. Robbins.Nm 14530f8b6c1STim J. Robbinscommand appeared in 14630f8b6c1STim J. Robbins.At 32v . 147