xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/netstat/main.c (revision fe815331bb40604ba31312acf7e4619674631777)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
5  *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 static char const copyright[] =
34 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
35 	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/file.h>
49 #include <sys/protosw.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 
54 #include <netinet/in.h>
55 
56 #ifdef NETGRAPH
57 #include <netgraph/ng_socket.h>
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <ctype.h>
61 #include <err.h>
62 #include <errno.h>
63 #include <kvm.h>
64 #include <limits.h>
65 #include <netdb.h>
66 #include <nlist.h>
67 #include <paths.h>
68 #include <stdint.h>
69 #include <stdio.h>
70 #include <stdlib.h>
71 #include <stdbool.h>
72 #include <string.h>
73 #include <unistd.h>
74 #include "netstat.h"
75 #include "nl_defs.h"
76 #include <libxo/xo.h>
77 
78 static struct protox {
79 	int	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
80 	int	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
81 	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
82 	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
83 					/* control blocks printing routine */
84 	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
85 					/* statistics printing routine */
86 	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
87 	const char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
88 	int	pr_usesysctl;		/* non-zero if we use sysctl, not kvm */
89 	int	pr_protocol;
90 } protox[] = {
91 	{ N_TCBINFO,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
92 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
93 	{ N_UDBINFO,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
94 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
95 #ifdef SCTP
96 	{ -1,		N_SCTPSTAT,	1,	sctp_protopr,
97 	  sctp_stats,	NULL,		"sctp",	1,	IPPROTO_SCTP },
98 #endif
99 #ifdef SDP
100 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
101 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
102 #endif
103 	{ N_DIVCBINFO,	-1,		1,	protopr,
104 	  NULL,		NULL,		"divert", 1,	IPPROTO_DIVERT },
105 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
106 	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
107 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_ICMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
108 	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	1,	IPPROTO_ICMP },
109 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IGMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
110 	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	1,	IPPROTO_IGMP },
111 #ifdef IPSEC
112 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC4STAT,	1,	NULL,	/* keep as compat */
113 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec", 1,	0},
114 	{ -1,		N_AHSTAT,	1,	NULL,
115 	  ah_stats,	NULL,		"ah",	1,	0},
116 	{ -1,		N_ESPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
117 	  esp_stats,	NULL,		"esp",	1,	0},
118 	{ -1,		N_IPCOMPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
119 	  ipcomp_stats,	NULL,		"ipcomp", 1,	0},
120 #endif
121 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_PIMSTAT,	1,	protopr,
122 	  pim_stats,	NULL,		"pim",	1,	IPPROTO_PIM },
123 	{ -1,		N_CARPSTATS,	1,	NULL,
124 	  carp_stats,	NULL,		"carp",	1,	0 },
125 #ifdef PF
126 	{ -1,		N_PFSYNCSTATS,	1,	NULL,
127 	  pfsync_stats,	NULL,		"pfsync", 1,	0 },
128 #endif
129 	{ -1,		N_ARPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
130 	  arp_stats,	NULL,		"arp", 1,	0 },
131 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
132 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
133 };
134 
135 #ifdef INET6
136 static struct protox ip6protox[] = {
137 	{ N_TCBINFO,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
138 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
139 	{ N_UDBINFO,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
140 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
141 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
142 	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
143 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
144 	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6", 1,	IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
145 #ifdef SDP
146 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
147 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
148 #endif
149 #ifdef IPSEC
150 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	NULL,
151 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6", 1,	0 },
152 #endif
153 #ifdef notyet
154 	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	NULL,
155 	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	1,	0 },
156 #endif
157 	{ -1,		N_RIP6STAT,	1,	NULL,
158 	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	1,	0 },
159 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
160 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
161 };
162 #endif /*INET6*/
163 
164 #ifdef IPSEC
165 static struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
166 	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	NULL,
167 	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0,	0 },
168 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
169 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
170 };
171 #endif
172 
173 #ifdef NETGRAPH
174 static struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
175 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
176 	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl",	0,	0 },
177 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
178 	  NULL,		NULL,		"data",	0,	0 },
179 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
180 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
181 };
182 #endif
183 
184 static struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
185 					 protox,
186 #ifdef INET6
187 					 ip6protox,
188 #endif
189 #ifdef IPSEC
190 					 pfkeyprotox,
191 #endif
192 					 NULL };
193 
194 static void printproto(struct protox *, const char *, bool *);
195 static void usage(void);
196 static struct protox *name2protox(const char *);
197 static struct protox *knownname(const char *);
198 
199 static int kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl);
200 
201 static kvm_t *kvmd;
202 static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
203 
204 int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
205 int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
206 static int	Bflag;		/* show information about bpf consumers */
207 int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
208 int	Cflag;		/* show congestion control */
209 int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
210 int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
211 int	hflag;		/* show counters in human readable format */
212 int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
213 int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
214 int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
215 int	noutputs = 0;	/* how much outputs before we exit */
216 int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
217 int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
218 int	oflag;		/* show nexthop objects*/
219 int	Pflag;		/* show TCP log ID */
220 static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
221 static int	Qflag;		/* show netisr information */
222 int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
223 int	Rflag;		/* show flow / RSS statistics */
224 int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
225 int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
226 int	Tflag;		/* TCP Information */
227 int	xflag;		/* extra information, includes all socket buffer info */
228 int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
229 
230 int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
231 
232 char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
233 int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
234 
235 static int	af;		/* address family */
236 int	live;		/* true if we are examining a live system */
237 
238 int
239 main(int argc, char *argv[])
240 {
241 	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
242 	int ch;
243 	int fib = -1;
244 	char *endptr;
245 	bool first = true;
246 
247 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
248 
249 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
250 	if (argc < 0)
251 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
252 
253 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "46AaBbCdF:f:ghI:iLlM:mN:noPp:Qq:RrSTsuWw:xz"))
254 	    != -1)
255 		switch(ch) {
256 		case '4':
257 #ifdef INET
258 			af = AF_INET;
259 #else
260 			errx(1, "IPv4 support is not compiled in");
261 #endif
262 			break;
263 		case '6':
264 #ifdef INET6
265 			af = AF_INET6;
266 #else
267 			errx(1, "IPv6 support is not compiled in");
268 #endif
269 			break;
270 		case 'A':
271 			Aflag = 1;
272 			break;
273 		case 'a':
274 			aflag = 1;
275 			break;
276 		case 'B':
277 			Bflag = 1;
278 			break;
279 		case 'b':
280 			bflag = 1;
281 			break;
282 		case 'C':
283 			Cflag = 1;
284 			break;
285 		case 'd':
286 			dflag = 1;
287 			break;
288 		case 'F':
289 			fib = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
290 			if (*endptr != '\0' ||
291 			    (fib == 0 && (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
292 				xo_errx(1, "%s: invalid fib", optarg);
293 			break;
294 		case 'f':
295 			if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
296 				af = AF_INET;
297 #ifdef INET6
298 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
299 				af = AF_INET6;
300 #endif
301 #ifdef IPSEC
302 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
303 				af = PF_KEY;
304 #endif
305 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0 ||
306 				 strcmp(optarg, "local") == 0)
307 				af = AF_UNIX;
308 #ifdef NETGRAPH
309 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
310 			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
311 				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
312 #endif
313 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
314 				af = AF_LINK;
315 			else {
316 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown address family",
317 				    optarg);
318 			}
319 			break;
320 		case 'g':
321 			gflag = 1;
322 			break;
323 		case 'h':
324 			hflag = 1;
325 			break;
326 		case 'I': {
327 			char *cp;
328 
329 			iflag = 1;
330 			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
331 				continue;
332 			unit = atoi(cp);
333 			break;
334 		}
335 		case 'i':
336 			iflag = 1;
337 			break;
338 		case 'L':
339 			Lflag = 1;
340 			break;
341 		case 'M':
342 			memf = optarg;
343 			break;
344 		case 'm':
345 			mflag = 1;
346 			break;
347 		case 'N':
348 			nlistf = optarg;
349 			break;
350 		case 'n':
351 			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
352 			break;
353 		case 'o':
354 			oflag = 1;
355 			break;
356 		case 'P':
357 			Pflag = 1;
358 			break;
359 		case 'p':
360 			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
361 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown or uninstrumented "
362 				    "protocol", optarg);
363 			}
364 			pflag = 1;
365 			break;
366 		case 'Q':
367 			Qflag = 1;
368 			break;
369 		case 'q':
370 			noutputs = atoi(optarg);
371 			if (noutputs != 0)
372 				noutputs++;
373 			break;
374 		case 'r':
375 			rflag = 1;
376 			break;
377 		case 'R':
378 			Rflag = 1;
379 			break;
380 		case 's':
381 			++sflag;
382 			break;
383 		case 'S':
384 			numeric_addr = 1;
385 			break;
386 		case 'u':
387 			af = AF_UNIX;
388 			break;
389 		case 'W':
390 		case 'l':
391 			Wflag = 1;
392 			break;
393 		case 'w':
394 			interval = atoi(optarg);
395 			iflag = 1;
396 			break;
397 		case 'T':
398 			Tflag = 1;
399 			break;
400 		case 'x':
401 			xflag = 1;
402 			break;
403 		case 'z':
404 			zflag = 1;
405 			break;
406 		case '?':
407 		default:
408 			usage();
409 		}
410 	argv += optind;
411 	argc -= optind;
412 
413 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
414 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
415 	if (*argv) {
416 		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
417 			interval = atoi(*argv);
418 			if (interval <= 0)
419 				usage();
420 			++argv;
421 			iflag = 1;
422 		}
423 		if (*argv) {
424 			nlistf = *argv;
425 			if (*++argv)
426 				memf = *argv;
427 		}
428 	}
429 #endif
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
433 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
434 	 */
435 	live = (nlistf == NULL && memf == NULL);
436 	if (!live) {
437 		if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
438 			xo_err(-1, "setgid");
439 		/* Load all necessary kvm symbols */
440 		kresolve_list(nl);
441 	}
442 
443 	if (xflag && Tflag)
444 		xo_errx(1, "-x and -T are incompatible, pick one.");
445 
446 	if (Bflag) {
447 		if (!live)
448 			usage();
449 		bpf_stats(interface);
450 		xo_finish();
451 		exit(0);
452 	}
453 	if (mflag) {
454 		if (!live) {
455 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
456 				mbpr(kvmd, nl[N_SFSTAT].n_value);
457 		} else
458 			mbpr(NULL, 0);
459 		xo_finish();
460 		exit(0);
461 	}
462 	if (Qflag) {
463 		if (!live) {
464 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
465 				netisr_stats();
466 		} else
467 			netisr_stats();
468 		xo_finish();
469 		exit(0);
470 	}
471 #if 0
472 	/*
473 	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
474 	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
475 	 */
476 	sethostent(1);
477 	setnetent(1);
478 #else
479 	/*
480 	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
481 	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
482 	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
483 	 */
484 #endif
485 	if (iflag && !sflag) {
486 		xo_open_container("statistics");
487 		intpr(NULL, af);
488 		xo_close_container("statistics");
489 		xo_finish();
490 		exit(0);
491 	}
492 	if (rflag) {
493 		xo_open_container("statistics");
494 		if (sflag) {
495 			if (live) {
496 				kresolve_list(nl);
497 			}
498 			rt_stats();
499 		} else
500 			routepr(fib, af);
501 		xo_close_container("statistics");
502 		xo_finish();
503 		exit(0);
504 	}
505 	if (oflag) {
506 		xo_open_container("statistics");
507 		nhops_print(fib, af);
508 		xo_close_container("statistics");
509 		xo_finish();
510 		exit(0);
511 	}
512 
513 
514 	if (gflag) {
515 		xo_open_container("statistics");
516 		if (sflag) {
517 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
518 				mrt_stats();
519 #ifdef INET6
520 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
521 				mrt6_stats();
522 #endif
523 		} else {
524 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
525 				mroutepr();
526 #ifdef INET6
527 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
528 				mroute6pr();
529 #endif
530 		}
531 		xo_close_container("statistics");
532 		xo_finish();
533 		exit(0);
534 	}
535 
536 	if (tp) {
537 		xo_open_container("statistics");
538 		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
539 		if (!first)
540 			xo_close_list("socket");
541 		xo_close_container("statistics");
542 		xo_finish();
543 		exit(0);
544 	}
545 
546 	xo_open_container("statistics");
547 	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
548 		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
549 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
550 #ifdef INET6
551 	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
552 		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
553 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
554 #endif /*INET6*/
555 #ifdef IPSEC
556 	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
557 		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
558 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
559 #endif /*IPSEC*/
560 #ifdef NETGRAPH
561 	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
562 		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
563 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
564 #endif /* NETGRAPH */
565 	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !sflag)
566 		unixpr(nl[N_UNP_COUNT].n_value, nl[N_UNP_GENCNT].n_value,
567 		    nl[N_UNP_DHEAD].n_value, nl[N_UNP_SHEAD].n_value,
568 		    nl[N_UNP_SPHEAD].n_value, &first);
569 
570 	if (!first)
571 		xo_close_list("socket");
572 	xo_close_container("statistics");
573 	xo_finish();
574 	exit(0);
575 }
576 
577 static int
578 fetch_stats_internal(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
579     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn, int zero)
580 {
581 	int error;
582 
583 	if (live) {
584 		memset(stats, 0, len);
585 		if (zero)
586 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, NULL, NULL, stats,
587 			    len);
588 		else
589 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, stats, &len, NULL, 0);
590 		if (error == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
591 			xo_warn("sysctl %s", sysctlname);
592 	} else {
593 		if (off == 0)
594 			return (1);
595 		error = kreadfn(off, stats, len);
596 	}
597 	return (error);
598 }
599 
600 int
601 fetch_stats(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
602     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
603 {
604 
605 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn,
606     zflag));
607 }
608 
609 int
610 fetch_stats_ro(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
611     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
612 {
613 
614 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn, 0));
615 }
616 
617 /*
618  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
619  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
620  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
621  */
622 static void
623 printproto(struct protox *tp, const char *name, bool *first)
624 {
625 	void (*pr)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
626 	u_long off;
627 	bool doingdblocks = false;
628 
629 	if (sflag) {
630 		if (iflag) {
631 			if (tp->pr_istats)
632 				intpr(tp->pr_istats, af);
633 			else if (pflag)
634 				xo_message("%s: no per-interface stats routine",
635 				    tp->pr_name);
636 			return;
637 		} else {
638 			pr = tp->pr_stats;
639 			if (!pr) {
640 				if (pflag)
641 					xo_message("%s: no stats routine",
642 					    tp->pr_name);
643 				return;
644 			}
645 			if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
646 				off = 0;
647 			else if (tp->pr_sindex < 0) {
648 				if (pflag)
649 					xo_message("%s: stats routine doesn't "
650 					    "work on cores", tp->pr_name);
651 				return;
652 			} else
653 				off = nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
654 		}
655 	} else {
656 		doingdblocks = true;
657 		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
658 		if (!pr) {
659 			if (pflag)
660 				xo_message("%s: no PCB routine", tp->pr_name);
661 			return;
662 		}
663 		if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
664 			off = 0;
665 		else if (tp->pr_index < 0) {
666 			if (pflag)
667 				xo_message("%s: PCB routine doesn't work on "
668 				    "cores", tp->pr_name);
669 			return;
670 		} else
671 			off = nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
672 	}
673 	if (pr != NULL && (off || (live && tp->pr_usesysctl) ||
674 	    af != AF_UNSPEC)) {
675 		if (doingdblocks && *first) {
676 			xo_open_list("socket");
677 			*first = false;
678 		}
679 
680 		(*pr)(off, name, af, tp->pr_protocol);
681 	}
682 }
683 
684 static int
685 kvmd_init(void)
686 {
687 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
688 
689 	if (kvmd != NULL)
690 		return (0);
691 
692 	kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
693 	if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
694 		xo_err(-1, "setgid");
695 
696 	if (kvmd == NULL) {
697 		xo_warnx("kvm not available: %s", errbuf);
698 		return (-1);
699 	}
700 
701 	return (0);
702 }
703 
704 /*
705  * Resolve symbol list, return 0 on success.
706  */
707 static int
708 kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl)
709 {
710 
711 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
712 		return (-1);
713 
714 	if (_nl[0].n_type != 0)
715 		return (0);
716 
717 	if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, _nl) < 0) {
718 		if (nlistf)
719 			xo_errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
720 			    kvm_geterr(kvmd));
721 		else
722 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
723 	}
724 
725 	return (0);
726 }
727 
728 /*
729  * Wrapper of kvm_dpcpu_setcpu().
730  */
731 void
732 kset_dpcpu(u_int cpuid)
733 {
734 
735 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
736 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm is not available", __func__);
737 
738 	if (kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(kvmd, cpuid) < 0)
739 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(%u): %s", __func__,
740 		    cpuid, kvm_geterr(kvmd));
741 	return;
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
746  */
747 int
748 kread(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
749 {
750 
751 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
752 		return (-1);
753 
754 	if (!buf)
755 		return (0);
756 	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
757 		xo_warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
758 		return (-1);
759 	}
760 	return (0);
761 }
762 
763 /*
764  * Read single counter(9).
765  */
766 uint64_t
767 kread_counter(u_long addr)
768 {
769 
770 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
771 		return (-1);
772 
773 	return (kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, addr));
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * Read an array of N counters in kernel memory into array of N uint64_t's.
778  */
779 int
780 kread_counters(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
781 {
782 	uint64_t *c;
783 	u_long *counters;
784 	size_t i, n;
785 
786 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
787 		return (-1);
788 
789 	if (size % sizeof(uint64_t) != 0) {
790 		xo_warnx("kread_counters: invalid counter set size");
791 		return (-1);
792 	}
793 
794 	n = size / sizeof(uint64_t);
795 	if ((counters = malloc(n * sizeof(u_long))) == NULL)
796 		xo_err(-1, "malloc");
797 	if (kread(addr, counters, n * sizeof(u_long)) < 0) {
798 		free(counters);
799 		return (-1);
800 	}
801 
802 	c = buf;
803 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
804 		c[i] = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, counters[i]);
805 
806 	free(counters);
807 	return (0);
808 }
809 
810 const char *
811 plural(uintmax_t n)
812 {
813 	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
814 }
815 
816 const char *
817 plurales(uintmax_t n)
818 {
819 	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
820 }
821 
822 const char *
823 pluralies(uintmax_t n)
824 {
825 	return (n != 1 ? "ies" : "y");
826 }
827 
828 /*
829  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
830  */
831 static struct protox *
832 knownname(const char *name)
833 {
834 	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
835 
836 	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
837 		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
838 			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
839 				return (tp);
840 	return (NULL);
841 }
842 
843 /*
844  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
845  */
846 static struct protox *
847 name2protox(const char *name)
848 {
849 	struct protox *tp;
850 	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
851 	struct protoent *p;
852 
853 	/*
854 	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
855 	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
856 	 */
857 	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
858 		return (tp);
859 
860 	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
861 	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
862 		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
863 		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
864 			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
865 				endprotoent();
866 				return (knownname(p->p_name));
867 			}
868 	}
869 	endprotoent();
870 	return (NULL);
871 }
872 
873 static void
874 usage(void)
875 {
876 	(void)xo_error("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
877 "usage: netstat [-46AaLnRSTWx] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
878 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
879 "       netstat -i | -I interface [-46abdhnW] [-f address_family]\n"
880 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
881 "       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-46d] [-M core] [-N system]\n"
882 "               [-q howmany]",
883 "       netstat -s [-46sz] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
884 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
885 "       netstat -i | -I interface -s [-46s]\n"
886 "               [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core] [-N system]",
887 "       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]",
888 "       netstat -B [-z] [-I interface]",
889 "       netstat -r [-46AnW] [-F fibnum] [-f address_family]\n"
890 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
891 "       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
892 "       netstat -g [-46W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
893 "       netstat -gs [-46s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
894 "       netstat -Q");
895 	xo_finish();
896 	exit(1);
897 }
898