xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/netstat/main.c (revision cc3f4b99653c34ae64f8a1fddea370abefef680e)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
3  *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 char const copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
33 	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #if 0
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/protosw.h>
48 #include <sys/socket.h>
49 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
50 
51 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 
53 #ifdef NETGRAPH
54 #include <netgraph/ng_socket.h>
55 #endif
56 
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <errno.h>
60 #include <kvm.h>
61 #include <limits.h>
62 #include <netdb.h>
63 #include <nlist.h>
64 #include <paths.h>
65 #include <stdint.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <stdlib.h>
68 #include <string.h>
69 #include <unistd.h>
70 #include "netstat.h"
71 
72 static struct nlist nl[] = {
73 #define	N_RTSTAT	0
74 	{ .n_name = "_rtstat" },
75 #define	N_RTREE		1
76 	{ .n_name = "_rt_tables"},
77 #define	N_MRTSTAT	2
78 	{ .n_name = "_mrtstat" },
79 #define	N_MFCHASHTBL	3
80 	{ .n_name = "_mfchashtbl" },
81 #define	N_VIFTABLE	4
82 	{ .n_name = "_viftable" },
83 #define	N_NGSOCKS	5
84 	{ .n_name = "_ngsocklist"},
85 #define	N_IP6STAT	6
86 	{ .n_name = "_ip6stat" },
87 #define	N_ICMP6STAT	7
88 	{ .n_name = "_icmp6stat" },
89 #define	N_IPSECSTAT	8
90 	{ .n_name = "_ipsec4stat" },
91 #define	N_IPSEC6STAT	9
92 	{ .n_name = "_ipsec6stat" },
93 #define	N_PIM6STAT	10
94 	{ .n_name = "_pim6stat" },
95 #define	N_MRT6STAT	11
96 	{ .n_name = "_mrt6stat" },
97 #define	N_MF6CTABLE	12
98 	{ .n_name = "_mf6ctable" },
99 #define	N_MIF6TABLE	13
100 	{ .n_name = "_mif6table" },
101 #define	N_PFKEYSTAT	14
102 	{ .n_name = "_pfkeystat" },
103 #define	N_RTTRASH	15
104 	{ .n_name = "_rttrash" },
105 #define	N_CARPSTAT	16
106 	{ .n_name = "_carpstats" },
107 #define	N_PFSYNCSTAT	17
108 	{ .n_name = "_pfsyncstats" },
109 #define	N_AHSTAT	18
110 	{ .n_name = "_ahstat" },
111 #define	N_ESPSTAT	19
112 	{ .n_name = "_espstat" },
113 #define	N_IPCOMPSTAT	20
114 	{ .n_name = "_ipcompstat" },
115 #define	N_TCPSTAT	21
116 	{ .n_name = "_tcpstat" },
117 #define	N_UDPSTAT	22
118 	{ .n_name = "_udpstat" },
119 #define	N_IPSTAT	23
120 	{ .n_name = "_ipstat" },
121 #define	N_ICMPSTAT	24
122 	{ .n_name = "_icmpstat" },
123 #define	N_IGMPSTAT	25
124 	{ .n_name = "_igmpstat" },
125 #define	N_PIMSTAT	26
126 	{ .n_name = "_pimstat" },
127 #define	N_TCBINFO	27
128 	{ .n_name = "_tcbinfo" },
129 #define	N_UDBINFO	28
130 	{ .n_name = "_udbinfo" },
131 #define	N_DIVCBINFO	29
132 	{ .n_name = "_divcbinfo" },
133 #define	N_RIPCBINFO	30
134 	{ .n_name = "_ripcbinfo" },
135 #define	N_UNP_COUNT	31
136 	{ .n_name = "_unp_count" },
137 #define	N_UNP_GENCNT	32
138 	{ .n_name = "_unp_gencnt" },
139 #define	N_UNP_DHEAD	33
140 	{ .n_name = "_unp_dhead" },
141 #define	N_UNP_SHEAD	34
142 	{ .n_name = "_unp_shead" },
143 #define	N_RIP6STAT	36
144 	{ .n_name = "_rip6stat" },
145 #define	N_SCTPSTAT	36
146 	{ .n_name = "_sctpstat" },
147 #define	N_MFCTABLESIZE	37
148 	{ .n_name = "_mfctablesize" },
149 #define	N_ARPSTAT       38
150 	{ .n_name = "_arpstat" },
151 #define	N_UNP_SPHEAD	39
152 	{ .n_name = "unp_sphead" },
153 #define	N_SFSTAT	40
154 	{ .n_name = "_sfstat"},
155 	{ .n_name = NULL },
156 };
157 
158 struct protox {
159 	int	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
160 	int	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
161 	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
162 	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
163 					/* control blocks printing routine */
164 	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
165 					/* statistics printing routine */
166 	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
167 	const char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
168 	int	pr_usesysctl;		/* non-zero if we use sysctl, not kvm */
169 	int	pr_protocol;
170 } protox[] = {
171 	{ N_TCBINFO,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
172 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
173 	{ N_UDBINFO,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
174 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
175 #ifdef SCTP
176 	{ -1,		N_SCTPSTAT,	1,	sctp_protopr,
177 	  sctp_stats,	NULL,		"sctp",	1,	IPPROTO_SCTP },
178 #endif
179 #ifdef SDP
180 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
181 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
182 #endif
183 	{ N_DIVCBINFO,	-1,		1,	protopr,
184 	  NULL,		NULL,		"divert", 1,	IPPROTO_DIVERT },
185 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
186 	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
187 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_ICMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
188 	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	1,	IPPROTO_ICMP },
189 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IGMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
190 	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	1,	IPPROTO_IGMP },
191 #ifdef IPSEC
192 	{ -1,		N_IPSECSTAT,	1,	NULL,	/* keep as compat */
193 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec", 0,	0},
194 	{ -1,		N_AHSTAT,	1,	NULL,
195 	  ah_stats,	NULL,		"ah",	0,	0},
196 	{ -1,		N_ESPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
197 	  esp_stats,	NULL,		"esp",	0,	0},
198 	{ -1,		N_IPCOMPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
199 	  ipcomp_stats,	NULL,		"ipcomp", 0,	0},
200 #endif
201 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_PIMSTAT,	1,	protopr,
202 	  pim_stats,	NULL,		"pim",	1,	IPPROTO_PIM },
203 	{ -1,		N_CARPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
204 	  carp_stats,	NULL,		"carp",	1,	0 },
205 #ifdef PF
206 	{ -1,		N_PFSYNCSTAT,	1,	NULL,
207 	  pfsync_stats,	NULL,		"pfsync", 1,	0 },
208 #endif
209 	{ -1,		N_ARPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
210 	  arp_stats,	NULL,		"arp", 1,	0 },
211 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
212 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
213 };
214 
215 #ifdef INET6
216 struct protox ip6protox[] = {
217 	{ N_TCBINFO,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
218 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
219 	{ N_UDBINFO,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
220 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
221 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
222 	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
223 	{ N_RIPCBINFO,	N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
224 	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6", 1,	IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
225 #ifdef SDP
226 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
227 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
228 #endif
229 #ifdef IPSEC
230 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	NULL,
231 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6", 0,	0 },
232 #endif
233 #ifdef notyet
234 	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	NULL,
235 	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	1,	0 },
236 #endif
237 	{ -1,		N_RIP6STAT,	1,	NULL,
238 	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	1,	0 },
239 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
240 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
241 };
242 #endif /*INET6*/
243 
244 #ifdef IPSEC
245 struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
246 	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	NULL,
247 	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0,	0 },
248 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
249 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
250 };
251 #endif
252 
253 #ifdef NETGRAPH
254 struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
255 	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
256 	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl",	0,	0 },
257 	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
258 	  NULL,		NULL,		"data",	0,	0 },
259 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
260 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
261 };
262 #endif
263 
264 struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
265 					 protox,
266 #ifdef INET6
267 					 ip6protox,
268 #endif
269 #ifdef IPSEC
270 					 pfkeyprotox,
271 #endif
272 					 NULL };
273 
274 static void printproto(struct protox *, const char *);
275 static void usage(void);
276 static struct protox *name2protox(const char *);
277 static struct protox *knownname(const char *);
278 
279 static kvm_t *kvmd;
280 static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
281 
282 int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
283 int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
284 int	Bflag;		/* show information about bpf consumers */
285 int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
286 int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
287 int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
288 int	hflag;		/* show counters in human readable format */
289 int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
290 int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
291 int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
292 int	noutputs = 0;	/* how much outputs before we exit */
293 int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
294 int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
295 static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
296 int	Qflag;		/* show netisr information */
297 int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
298 int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
299 int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
300 int	Tflag;		/* TCP Information */
301 int	xflag;		/* extra information, includes all socket buffer info */
302 int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
303 
304 int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
305 
306 char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
307 int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
308 
309 int	af;		/* address family */
310 int	live;		/* true if we are examining a live system */
311 
312 int
313 main(int argc, char *argv[])
314 {
315 	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
316 	int ch;
317 	int fib = -1;
318 	char *endptr;
319 
320 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
321 
322 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "46AaBbdF:f:ghI:iLlM:mN:np:Qq:rSTsuWw:xz"))
323 	    != -1)
324 		switch(ch) {
325 		case '4':
326 #ifdef INET
327 			af = AF_INET;
328 #else
329 			errx(1, "IPv4 support is not compiled in");
330 #endif
331 			break;
332 		case '6':
333 #ifdef INET6
334 			af = AF_INET6;
335 #else
336 			errx(1, "IPv6 support is not compiled in");
337 #endif
338 			break;
339 		case 'A':
340 			Aflag = 1;
341 			break;
342 		case 'a':
343 			aflag = 1;
344 			break;
345 		case 'B':
346 			Bflag = 1;
347 			break;
348 		case 'b':
349 			bflag = 1;
350 			break;
351 		case 'd':
352 			dflag = 1;
353 			break;
354 		case 'F':
355 			fib = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
356 			if (*endptr != '\0' ||
357 			    (fib == 0 && (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
358 				errx(1, "%s: invalid fib", optarg);
359 			break;
360 		case 'f':
361 			if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
362 				af = AF_INET;
363 #ifdef INET6
364 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
365 				af = AF_INET6;
366 #endif
367 #ifdef IPSEC
368 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
369 				af = PF_KEY;
370 #endif
371 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0)
372 				af = AF_UNIX;
373 #ifdef NETGRAPH
374 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
375 			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
376 				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
377 #endif
378 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
379 				af = AF_LINK;
380 			else {
381 				errx(1, "%s: unknown address family", optarg);
382 			}
383 			break;
384 		case 'g':
385 			gflag = 1;
386 			break;
387 		case 'h':
388 			hflag = 1;
389 			break;
390 		case 'I': {
391 			char *cp;
392 
393 			iflag = 1;
394 			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
395 				continue;
396 			unit = atoi(cp);
397 			break;
398 		}
399 		case 'i':
400 			iflag = 1;
401 			break;
402 		case 'L':
403 			Lflag = 1;
404 			break;
405 		case 'M':
406 			memf = optarg;
407 			break;
408 		case 'm':
409 			mflag = 1;
410 			break;
411 		case 'N':
412 			nlistf = optarg;
413 			break;
414 		case 'n':
415 			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
416 			break;
417 		case 'p':
418 			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
419 				errx(1,
420 				     "%s: unknown or uninstrumented protocol",
421 				     optarg);
422 			}
423 			pflag = 1;
424 			break;
425 		case 'Q':
426 			Qflag = 1;
427 			break;
428 		case 'q':
429 			noutputs = atoi(optarg);
430 			if (noutputs != 0)
431 				noutputs++;
432 			break;
433 		case 'r':
434 			rflag = 1;
435 			break;
436 		case 's':
437 			++sflag;
438 			break;
439 		case 'S':
440 			numeric_addr = 1;
441 			break;
442 		case 'u':
443 			af = AF_UNIX;
444 			break;
445 		case 'W':
446 		case 'l':
447 			Wflag = 1;
448 			break;
449 		case 'w':
450 			interval = atoi(optarg);
451 			iflag = 1;
452 			break;
453 		case 'T':
454 			Tflag = 1;
455 			break;
456 		case 'x':
457 			xflag = 1;
458 			break;
459 		case 'z':
460 			zflag = 1;
461 			break;
462 		case '?':
463 		default:
464 			usage();
465 		}
466 	argv += optind;
467 	argc -= optind;
468 
469 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
470 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
471 	if (*argv) {
472 		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
473 			interval = atoi(*argv);
474 			if (interval <= 0)
475 				usage();
476 			++argv;
477 			iflag = 1;
478 		}
479 		if (*argv) {
480 			nlistf = *argv;
481 			if (*++argv)
482 				memf = *argv;
483 		}
484 	}
485 #endif
486 
487 	/*
488 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
489 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
490 	 */
491 	live = (nlistf == NULL && memf == NULL);
492 	if (!live)
493 		setgid(getgid());
494 
495 	if (xflag && Tflag)
496 		errx(1, "-x and -T are incompatible, pick one.");
497 
498 	if (Bflag) {
499 		if (!live)
500 			usage();
501 		bpf_stats(interface);
502 		exit(0);
503 	}
504 	if (mflag) {
505 		if (!live) {
506 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
507 				mbpr(kvmd, nl[N_SFSTAT].n_value);
508 		} else
509 			mbpr(NULL, 0);
510 		exit(0);
511 	}
512 	if (Qflag) {
513 		if (!live) {
514 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
515 				netisr_stats(kvmd);
516 		} else
517 			netisr_stats(NULL);
518 		exit(0);
519 	}
520 #if 0
521 	/*
522 	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
523 	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
524 	 */
525 	sethostent(1);
526 	setnetent(1);
527 #else
528 	/*
529 	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
530 	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
531 	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
532 	 */
533 #endif
534 	if (iflag && !sflag) {
535 		intpr(interval, NULL, af);
536 		exit(0);
537 	}
538 	if (rflag) {
539 		if (sflag) {
540 			rt_stats();
541 			flowtable_stats();
542 		} else
543 			routepr(fib, af);
544 		exit(0);
545 	}
546 
547 	if (gflag) {
548 		if (sflag) {
549 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
550 				mrt_stats();
551 #ifdef INET6
552 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
553 				mrt6_stats();
554 #endif
555 		} else {
556 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
557 				mroutepr();
558 #ifdef INET6
559 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
560 				mroute6pr();
561 #endif
562 		}
563 		exit(0);
564 	}
565 
566 	/* Load all necessary kvm symbols */
567 	kresolve_list(nl);
568 
569 	if (tp) {
570 		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
571 		exit(0);
572 	}
573 	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
574 		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
575 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
576 #ifdef INET6
577 	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
578 		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
579 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
580 #endif /*INET6*/
581 #ifdef IPSEC
582 	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
583 		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
584 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
585 #endif /*IPSEC*/
586 #ifdef NETGRAPH
587 	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
588 		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
589 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
590 #endif /* NETGRAPH */
591 	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !sflag)
592 		unixpr(nl[N_UNP_COUNT].n_value, nl[N_UNP_GENCNT].n_value,
593 		    nl[N_UNP_DHEAD].n_value, nl[N_UNP_SHEAD].n_value,
594 		    nl[N_UNP_SPHEAD].n_value);
595 	exit(0);
596 }
597 
598 /*
599  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
600  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
601  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
602  */
603 static void
604 printproto(struct protox *tp, const char *name)
605 {
606 	void (*pr)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
607 	u_long off;
608 
609 	if (sflag) {
610 		if (iflag) {
611 			if (tp->pr_istats)
612 				intpr(interval, tp->pr_istats, af);
613 			else if (pflag)
614 				printf("%s: no per-interface stats routine\n",
615 				    tp->pr_name);
616 			return;
617 		} else {
618 			pr = tp->pr_stats;
619 			if (!pr) {
620 				if (pflag)
621 					printf("%s: no stats routine\n",
622 					    tp->pr_name);
623 				return;
624 			}
625 			if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
626 				off = 0;
627 			else if (tp->pr_sindex < 0) {
628 				if (pflag)
629 					printf(
630 				    "%s: stats routine doesn't work on cores\n",
631 					    tp->pr_name);
632 				return;
633 			} else
634 				off = nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
635 		}
636 	} else {
637 		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
638 		if (!pr) {
639 			if (pflag)
640 				printf("%s: no PCB routine\n", tp->pr_name);
641 			return;
642 		}
643 		if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
644 			off = 0;
645 		else if (tp->pr_index < 0) {
646 			if (pflag)
647 				printf(
648 				    "%s: PCB routine doesn't work on cores\n",
649 				    tp->pr_name);
650 			return;
651 		} else
652 			off = nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
653 	}
654 	if (pr != NULL && (off || (live && tp->pr_usesysctl) ||
655 	    af != AF_UNSPEC))
656 		(*pr)(off, name, af, tp->pr_protocol);
657 }
658 
659 static int
660 kvmd_init(void)
661 {
662 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
663 
664 	if (kvmd != NULL)
665 		return (0);
666 
667 	kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
668 	setgid(getgid());
669 
670 	if (kvmd == NULL) {
671 		warnx("kvm not available: %s", errbuf);
672 		return (-1);
673 	}
674 
675 	return (0);
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * Resolve symbol list, return 0 on success.
680  */
681 int
682 kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl)
683 {
684 
685 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
686 		return (-1);
687 
688 	if (_nl[0].n_type != 0)
689 		return (0);
690 
691 	if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, _nl) < 0) {
692 		if (nlistf)
693 			errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
694 			     kvm_geterr(kvmd));
695 		else
696 			errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
697 	}
698 
699 	return (0);
700 }
701 
702 /*
703  * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
704  */
705 int
706 kread(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
707 {
708 
709 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
710 		return (-1);
711 
712 	if (!buf)
713 		return (0);
714 	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
715 		warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
716 		return (-1);
717 	}
718 	return (0);
719 }
720 
721 /*
722  * Read single counter(9).
723  */
724 uint64_t
725 kread_counter(u_long addr)
726 {
727 
728 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
729 		return (-1);
730 
731 	return (kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, addr));
732 }
733 
734 /*
735  * Read an array of N counters in kernel memory into array of N uint64_t's.
736  */
737 int
738 kread_counters(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
739 {
740 	uint64_t *c = buf;
741 
742 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
743 		return (-1);
744 
745 	if (kread(addr, buf, size) < 0)
746 		return (-1);
747 
748 	while (size != 0) {
749 		*c = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, *c);
750 		size -= sizeof(*c);
751 		c++;
752 	}
753 	return (0);
754 }
755 
756 const char *
757 plural(uintmax_t n)
758 {
759 	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
760 }
761 
762 const char *
763 plurales(uintmax_t n)
764 {
765 	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
766 }
767 
768 const char *
769 pluralies(uintmax_t n)
770 {
771 	return (n != 1 ? "ies" : "y");
772 }
773 
774 /*
775  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
776  */
777 static struct protox *
778 knownname(const char *name)
779 {
780 	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
781 
782 	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
783 		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
784 			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
785 				return (tp);
786 	return (NULL);
787 }
788 
789 /*
790  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
791  */
792 static struct protox *
793 name2protox(const char *name)
794 {
795 	struct protox *tp;
796 	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
797 	struct protoent *p;
798 
799 	/*
800 	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
801 	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
802 	 */
803 	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
804 		return (tp);
805 
806 	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
807 	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
808 		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
809 		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
810 			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
811 				endprotoent();
812 				return (knownname(p->p_name));
813 			}
814 	}
815 	endprotoent();
816 	return (NULL);
817 }
818 
819 static void
820 usage(void)
821 {
822 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
823 "usage: netstat [-46AaLnSTWx] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
824 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
825 "       netstat -i | -I interface [-46abdhnW] [-f address_family]\n"
826 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
827 "       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-46d] [-M core] [-N system] [-q howmany]",
828 "       netstat -s [-s] [-46z] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
829 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
830 "       netstat -i | -I interface [-46s] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
831 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
832 "       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]",
833 "       netstat -B [-I interface]",
834 "       netstat -r [-46AanW] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
835 "       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
836 "       netstat -g [-46W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
837 "       netstat -gs [-46s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
838 "       netstat -Q");
839 	exit(1);
840 }
841