xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/netstat/main.c (revision ba3c1f5972d7b90feb6e6da47905ff2757e0fe57)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
5  *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 static char const copyright[] =
34 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
35 	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/file.h>
49 #include <sys/protosw.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 
54 #include <netinet/in.h>
55 
56 #ifdef NETGRAPH
57 #include <netgraph/ng_socket.h>
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <ctype.h>
61 #include <err.h>
62 #include <errno.h>
63 #include <kvm.h>
64 #include <limits.h>
65 #include <netdb.h>
66 #include <nlist.h>
67 #include <paths.h>
68 #include <stdint.h>
69 #include <stdio.h>
70 #include <stdlib.h>
71 #include <stdbool.h>
72 #include <string.h>
73 #include <unistd.h>
74 #include "netstat.h"
75 #include "nl_defs.h"
76 #include <libxo/xo.h>
77 
78 static struct protox {
79 	int	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
80 	int	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
81 	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
82 	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
83 					/* control blocks printing routine */
84 	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
85 					/* statistics printing routine */
86 	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
87 	const char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
88 	int	pr_usesysctl;		/* non-zero if we use sysctl, not kvm */
89 	int	pr_protocol;
90 } protox[] = {
91 	{ -1	,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
92 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
93 	{ -1	,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
94 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
95 #ifdef SCTP
96 	{ -1,		N_SCTPSTAT,	1,	sctp_protopr,
97 	  sctp_stats,	NULL,		"sctp",	1,	IPPROTO_SCTP },
98 #endif
99 #ifdef SDP
100 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
101 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
102 #endif
103 	{ -1	,	-1,		1,	protopr,
104 	  divert_stats,	NULL,		"divert", 1,	0 },
105 	{ -1	,	N_IPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
106 	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
107 	{ -1	,	N_ICMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
108 	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	1,	IPPROTO_ICMP },
109 	{ -1	,	N_IGMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
110 	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	1,	IPPROTO_IGMP },
111 #ifdef IPSEC
112 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC4STAT,	1,	NULL,	/* keep as compat */
113 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec", 1,	0},
114 	{ -1,		N_AHSTAT,	1,	NULL,
115 	  ah_stats,	NULL,		"ah",	1,	0},
116 	{ -1,		N_ESPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
117 	  esp_stats,	NULL,		"esp",	1,	0},
118 	{ -1,		N_IPCOMPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
119 	  ipcomp_stats,	NULL,		"ipcomp", 1,	0},
120 #endif
121 	{ -1	,	N_PIMSTAT,	1,	protopr,
122 	  pim_stats,	NULL,		"pim",	1,	IPPROTO_PIM },
123 	{ -1,		N_CARPSTATS,	1,	NULL,
124 	  carp_stats,	NULL,		"carp",	1,	0 },
125 #ifdef PF
126 	{ -1,		N_PFSYNCSTATS,	1,	NULL,
127 	  pfsync_stats,	NULL,		"pfsync", 1,	0 },
128 #endif
129 	{ -1,		N_ARPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
130 	  arp_stats,	NULL,		"arp", 1,	0 },
131 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
132 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
133 };
134 
135 #ifdef INET6
136 static struct protox ip6protox[] = {
137 	{ -1	,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
138 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
139 	{ -1	,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
140 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
141 	{ -1	,	N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
142 	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
143 	{ -1	,	N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
144 	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6", 1,	IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
145 #ifdef SDP
146 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
147 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
148 #endif
149 #ifdef IPSEC
150 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	NULL,
151 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6", 1,	0 },
152 #endif
153 #ifdef notyet
154 	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	NULL,
155 	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	1,	0 },
156 #endif
157 	{ -1,		N_RIP6STAT,	1,	NULL,
158 	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	1,	0 },
159 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
160 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
161 };
162 #endif /*INET6*/
163 
164 #ifdef IPSEC
165 static struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
166 	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	NULL,
167 	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0,	0 },
168 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
169 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
170 };
171 #endif
172 
173 #ifdef NETGRAPH
174 static struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
175 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
176 	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl",	0,	0 },
177 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
178 	  NULL,		NULL,		"data",	0,	0 },
179 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
180 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
181 };
182 #endif
183 
184 static struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
185 					 protox,
186 #ifdef INET6
187 					 ip6protox,
188 #endif
189 #ifdef IPSEC
190 					 pfkeyprotox,
191 #endif
192 					 NULL };
193 
194 static void printproto(struct protox *, const char *, bool *);
195 static void usage(void) __dead2;
196 static struct protox *name2protox(const char *);
197 static struct protox *knownname(const char *);
198 
199 static int kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl);
200 
201 static kvm_t *kvmd;
202 static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
203 
204 int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
205 int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
206 static int	Bflag;		/* show information about bpf consumers */
207 int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
208 int	cflag;		/* show TCP congestion control stack */
209 int	Cflag;		/* show congestion control algo and vars */
210 int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
211 int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
212 int	hflag;		/* show counters in human readable format */
213 int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
214 int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
215 int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
216 int	noutputs = 0;	/* how much outputs before we exit */
217 int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
218 int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
219 int	Oflag;		/* show nhgrp objects*/
220 int	oflag;		/* show nexthop objects*/
221 int	Pflag;		/* show TCP log ID */
222 static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
223 static int	Qflag;		/* show netisr information */
224 int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
225 int	Rflag;		/* show flow / RSS statistics */
226 int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
227 int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
228 int	Tflag;		/* TCP Information */
229 int	xflag;		/* extra information, includes all socket buffer info */
230 int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
231 
232 int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
233 
234 char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
235 int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
236 
237 static int	af;		/* address family */
238 int	live;		/* true if we are examining a live system */
239 
240 int
241 main(int argc, char *argv[])
242 {
243 	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
244 	int ch;
245 	int fib = -1;
246 	char *endptr;
247 	bool first = true;
248 
249 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
250 
251 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
252 	if (argc < 0)
253 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
254 
255 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "46AaBbCcdF:f:ghI:iLlM:mN:nOoPp:Qq:RrSTsuWw:xz"))
256 	    != -1)
257 		switch(ch) {
258 		case '4':
259 #ifdef INET
260 			af = AF_INET;
261 #else
262 			errx(1, "IPv4 support is not compiled in");
263 #endif
264 			break;
265 		case '6':
266 #ifdef INET6
267 			af = AF_INET6;
268 #else
269 			errx(1, "IPv6 support is not compiled in");
270 #endif
271 			break;
272 		case 'A':
273 			Aflag = 1;
274 			break;
275 		case 'a':
276 			aflag = 1;
277 			break;
278 		case 'B':
279 			Bflag = 1;
280 			break;
281 		case 'b':
282 			bflag = 1;
283 			break;
284 		case 'c':
285 			cflag = 1;
286 			break;
287 		case 'C':
288 			Cflag = 1;
289 			break;
290 		case 'd':
291 			dflag = 1;
292 			break;
293 		case 'F':
294 			fib = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
295 			if (*endptr != '\0' ||
296 			    (fib == 0 && (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
297 				xo_errx(1, "%s: invalid fib", optarg);
298 			break;
299 		case 'f':
300 			if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
301 				af = AF_INET;
302 #ifdef INET6
303 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
304 				af = AF_INET6;
305 #endif
306 #ifdef IPSEC
307 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
308 				af = PF_KEY;
309 #endif
310 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0 ||
311 				 strcmp(optarg, "local") == 0)
312 				af = AF_UNIX;
313 #ifdef NETGRAPH
314 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
315 			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
316 				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
317 #endif
318 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
319 				af = AF_LINK;
320 			else {
321 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown address family",
322 				    optarg);
323 			}
324 			break;
325 		case 'g':
326 			gflag = 1;
327 			break;
328 		case 'h':
329 			hflag = 1;
330 			break;
331 		case 'I': {
332 			char *cp;
333 
334 			iflag = 1;
335 			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
336 				continue;
337 			unit = atoi(cp);
338 			break;
339 		}
340 		case 'i':
341 			iflag = 1;
342 			break;
343 		case 'L':
344 			Lflag = 1;
345 			break;
346 		case 'M':
347 			memf = optarg;
348 			break;
349 		case 'm':
350 			mflag = 1;
351 			break;
352 		case 'N':
353 			nlistf = optarg;
354 			break;
355 		case 'n':
356 			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
357 			break;
358 		case 'o':
359 			oflag = 1;
360 			break;
361 		case 'O':
362 			Oflag = 1;
363 			break;
364 		case 'P':
365 			Pflag = 1;
366 			break;
367 		case 'p':
368 			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
369 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown or uninstrumented "
370 				    "protocol", optarg);
371 			}
372 			pflag = 1;
373 			break;
374 		case 'Q':
375 			Qflag = 1;
376 			break;
377 		case 'q':
378 			noutputs = atoi(optarg);
379 			if (noutputs != 0)
380 				noutputs++;
381 			break;
382 		case 'r':
383 			rflag = 1;
384 			break;
385 		case 'R':
386 			Rflag = 1;
387 			break;
388 		case 's':
389 			++sflag;
390 			break;
391 		case 'S':
392 			numeric_addr = 1;
393 			break;
394 		case 'u':
395 			af = AF_UNIX;
396 			break;
397 		case 'W':
398 		case 'l':
399 			Wflag = 1;
400 			break;
401 		case 'w':
402 			interval = atoi(optarg);
403 			iflag = 1;
404 			break;
405 		case 'T':
406 			Tflag = 1;
407 			break;
408 		case 'x':
409 			xflag = 1;
410 			break;
411 		case 'z':
412 			zflag = 1;
413 			break;
414 		case '?':
415 		default:
416 			usage();
417 		}
418 	argv += optind;
419 	argc -= optind;
420 
421 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
422 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
423 	if (*argv) {
424 		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
425 			interval = atoi(*argv);
426 			if (interval <= 0)
427 				usage();
428 			++argv;
429 			iflag = 1;
430 		}
431 		if (*argv) {
432 			nlistf = *argv;
433 			if (*++argv)
434 				memf = *argv;
435 		}
436 	}
437 #endif
438 
439 	/*
440 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
441 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
442 	 */
443 	live = (nlistf == NULL && memf == NULL);
444 	if (!live) {
445 		if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
446 			xo_err(-1, "setgid");
447 		/* Load all necessary kvm symbols */
448 		kresolve_list(nl);
449 	}
450 
451 	if (xflag && Tflag)
452 		xo_errx(1, "-x and -T are incompatible, pick one.");
453 
454 	if (Bflag) {
455 		if (!live)
456 			usage();
457 		bpf_stats(interface);
458 		xo_finish();
459 		exit(0);
460 	}
461 	if (mflag) {
462 		if (!live) {
463 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
464 				mbpr(kvmd, nl[N_SFSTAT].n_value);
465 		} else
466 			mbpr(NULL, 0);
467 		xo_finish();
468 		exit(0);
469 	}
470 	if (Qflag) {
471 		if (!live) {
472 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
473 				netisr_stats();
474 		} else
475 			netisr_stats();
476 		xo_finish();
477 		exit(0);
478 	}
479 #if 0
480 	/*
481 	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
482 	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
483 	 */
484 	sethostent(1);
485 	setnetent(1);
486 #else
487 	/*
488 	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
489 	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
490 	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
491 	 */
492 #endif
493 	if (iflag && !sflag) {
494 		xo_open_container("statistics");
495 		intpr(NULL, af);
496 		xo_close_container("statistics");
497 		xo_finish();
498 		exit(0);
499 	}
500 	if (rflag) {
501 		xo_open_container("statistics");
502 		if (sflag) {
503 			if (live) {
504 				kresolve_list(nl);
505 			}
506 			rt_stats();
507 		} else
508 			routepr(fib, af);
509 		xo_close_container("statistics");
510 		xo_finish();
511 		exit(0);
512 	}
513 	if (oflag) {
514 		xo_open_container("statistics");
515 		nhops_print(fib, af);
516 		xo_close_container("statistics");
517 		xo_finish();
518 		exit(0);
519 	}
520 	if (Oflag) {
521 		xo_open_container("statistics");
522 		nhgrp_print(fib, af);
523 		xo_close_container("statistics");
524 		xo_finish();
525 		exit(0);
526 	}
527 
528 
529 
530 	if (gflag) {
531 		xo_open_container("statistics");
532 		if (sflag) {
533 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
534 				mrt_stats();
535 #ifdef INET6
536 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
537 				mrt6_stats();
538 #endif
539 		} else {
540 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
541 				mroutepr();
542 #ifdef INET6
543 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
544 				mroute6pr();
545 #endif
546 		}
547 		xo_close_container("statistics");
548 		xo_finish();
549 		exit(0);
550 	}
551 
552 	if (tp) {
553 		xo_open_container("statistics");
554 		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
555 		if (!first)
556 			xo_close_list("socket");
557 		xo_close_container("statistics");
558 		xo_finish();
559 		exit(0);
560 	}
561 
562 	xo_open_container("statistics");
563 	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
564 		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
565 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
566 #ifdef INET6
567 	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
568 		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
569 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
570 #endif /*INET6*/
571 #ifdef IPSEC
572 	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
573 		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
574 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
575 #endif /*IPSEC*/
576 #ifdef NETGRAPH
577 	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
578 		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
579 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
580 #endif /* NETGRAPH */
581 	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !sflag)
582 		unixpr(nl[N_UNP_COUNT].n_value, nl[N_UNP_GENCNT].n_value,
583 		    nl[N_UNP_DHEAD].n_value, nl[N_UNP_SHEAD].n_value,
584 		    nl[N_UNP_SPHEAD].n_value, &first);
585 
586 	if (!first)
587 		xo_close_list("socket");
588 	xo_close_container("statistics");
589 	xo_finish();
590 	exit(0);
591 }
592 
593 static int
594 fetch_stats_internal(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
595     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn, int zero)
596 {
597 	int error;
598 
599 	if (live) {
600 		memset(stats, 0, len);
601 		if (zero)
602 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, NULL, NULL, stats,
603 			    len);
604 		else
605 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, stats, &len, NULL, 0);
606 		if (error == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
607 			xo_warn("sysctl %s", sysctlname);
608 	} else {
609 		if (off == 0)
610 			return (1);
611 		error = kreadfn(off, stats, len);
612 	}
613 	return (error);
614 }
615 
616 int
617 fetch_stats(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
618     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
619 {
620 
621 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn,
622     zflag));
623 }
624 
625 int
626 fetch_stats_ro(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
627     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
628 {
629 
630 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn, 0));
631 }
632 
633 /*
634  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
635  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
636  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
637  */
638 static void
639 printproto(struct protox *tp, const char *name, bool *first)
640 {
641 	void (*pr)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
642 	u_long off;
643 	bool doingdblocks = false;
644 
645 	if (sflag) {
646 		if (iflag) {
647 			if (tp->pr_istats)
648 				intpr(tp->pr_istats, af);
649 			else if (pflag)
650 				xo_message("%s: no per-interface stats routine",
651 				    tp->pr_name);
652 			return;
653 		} else {
654 			pr = tp->pr_stats;
655 			if (!pr) {
656 				if (pflag)
657 					xo_message("%s: no stats routine",
658 					    tp->pr_name);
659 				return;
660 			}
661 			if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
662 				off = 0;
663 			else if (tp->pr_sindex < 0) {
664 				if (pflag)
665 					xo_message("%s: stats routine doesn't "
666 					    "work on cores", tp->pr_name);
667 				return;
668 			} else
669 				off = nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
670 		}
671 	} else {
672 		doingdblocks = true;
673 		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
674 		if (!pr) {
675 			if (pflag)
676 				xo_message("%s: no PCB routine", tp->pr_name);
677 			return;
678 		}
679 		if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
680 			off = 0;
681 		else if (tp->pr_index < 0) {
682 			if (pflag)
683 				xo_message("%s: PCB routine doesn't work on "
684 				    "cores", tp->pr_name);
685 			return;
686 		} else
687 			off = nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
688 	}
689 	if (pr != NULL && (off || (live && tp->pr_usesysctl) ||
690 	    af != AF_UNSPEC)) {
691 		if (doingdblocks && *first) {
692 			xo_open_list("socket");
693 			*first = false;
694 		}
695 
696 		(*pr)(off, name, af, tp->pr_protocol);
697 	}
698 }
699 
700 static int
701 kvmd_init(void)
702 {
703 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
704 
705 	if (kvmd != NULL)
706 		return (0);
707 
708 	kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
709 	if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
710 		xo_err(-1, "setgid");
711 
712 	if (kvmd == NULL) {
713 		xo_warnx("kvm not available: %s", errbuf);
714 		return (-1);
715 	}
716 
717 	return (0);
718 }
719 
720 /*
721  * Resolve symbol list, return 0 on success.
722  */
723 static int
724 kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl)
725 {
726 
727 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
728 		return (-1);
729 
730 	if (_nl[0].n_type != 0)
731 		return (0);
732 
733 	if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, _nl) < 0) {
734 		if (nlistf)
735 			xo_errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
736 			    kvm_geterr(kvmd));
737 		else
738 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
739 	}
740 
741 	return (0);
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * Wrapper of kvm_dpcpu_setcpu().
746  */
747 void
748 kset_dpcpu(u_int cpuid)
749 {
750 
751 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
752 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm is not available", __func__);
753 
754 	if (kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(kvmd, cpuid) < 0)
755 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(%u): %s", __func__,
756 		    cpuid, kvm_geterr(kvmd));
757 	return;
758 }
759 
760 /*
761  * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
762  */
763 int
764 kread(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
765 {
766 
767 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
768 		return (-1);
769 
770 	if (!buf)
771 		return (0);
772 	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
773 		xo_warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
774 		return (-1);
775 	}
776 	return (0);
777 }
778 
779 /*
780  * Read single counter(9).
781  */
782 uint64_t
783 kread_counter(u_long addr)
784 {
785 
786 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
787 		return (-1);
788 
789 	return (kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, addr));
790 }
791 
792 /*
793  * Read an array of N counters in kernel memory into array of N uint64_t's.
794  */
795 int
796 kread_counters(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
797 {
798 	uint64_t *c;
799 	u_long *counters;
800 	size_t i, n;
801 
802 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
803 		return (-1);
804 
805 	if (size % sizeof(uint64_t) != 0) {
806 		xo_warnx("kread_counters: invalid counter set size");
807 		return (-1);
808 	}
809 
810 	n = size / sizeof(uint64_t);
811 	if ((counters = malloc(n * sizeof(u_long))) == NULL)
812 		xo_err(-1, "malloc");
813 	if (kread(addr, counters, n * sizeof(u_long)) < 0) {
814 		free(counters);
815 		return (-1);
816 	}
817 
818 	c = buf;
819 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
820 		c[i] = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, counters[i]);
821 
822 	free(counters);
823 	return (0);
824 }
825 
826 const char *
827 plural(uintmax_t n)
828 {
829 	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
830 }
831 
832 const char *
833 plurales(uintmax_t n)
834 {
835 	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
836 }
837 
838 const char *
839 pluralies(uintmax_t n)
840 {
841 	return (n != 1 ? "ies" : "y");
842 }
843 
844 /*
845  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
846  */
847 static struct protox *
848 knownname(const char *name)
849 {
850 	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
851 
852 	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
853 		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
854 			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
855 				return (tp);
856 	return (NULL);
857 }
858 
859 /*
860  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
861  */
862 static struct protox *
863 name2protox(const char *name)
864 {
865 	struct protox *tp;
866 	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
867 	struct protoent *p;
868 
869 	/*
870 	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
871 	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
872 	 */
873 	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
874 		return (tp);
875 
876 	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
877 	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
878 		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
879 		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
880 			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
881 				endprotoent();
882 				return (knownname(p->p_name));
883 			}
884 	}
885 	endprotoent();
886 	return (NULL);
887 }
888 
889 static void
890 usage(void)
891 {
892 	(void)xo_error("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
893 "usage: netstat [-46AaCcLnRSTWx] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
894 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
895 "       netstat -i | -I interface [-46abdhnW] [-f address_family]\n"
896 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
897 "       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-46d] [-M core] [-N system]\n"
898 "               [-q howmany]",
899 "       netstat -s [-46sz] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
900 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
901 "       netstat -i | -I interface -s [-46s]\n"
902 "               [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core] [-N system]",
903 "       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]",
904 "       netstat -B [-z] [-I interface]",
905 "       netstat -r [-46AnW] [-F fibnum] [-f address_family]\n"
906 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
907 "       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
908 "       netstat -g [-46W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
909 "       netstat -gs [-46s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
910 "       netstat -Q");
911 	xo_finish();
912 	exit(1);
913 }
914