xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/look/look.c (revision e72055b7feba695a760d45f01f0f8268b1cb4a74)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems, Inc.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifndef lint
40 #if 0
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)look.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
42 #endif
43 #endif /* not lint */
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 
47 /*
48  * look -- find lines in a sorted list.
49  *
50  * The man page said that TABs and SPACEs participate in -d comparisons.
51  * In fact, they were ignored.  This implements historic practice, not
52  * the manual page.
53  */
54 
55 #include <sys/types.h>
56 #include <sys/mman.h>
57 #include <sys/stat.h>
58 
59 #include <err.h>
60 #include <errno.h>
61 #include <fcntl.h>
62 #include <getopt.h>
63 #include <limits.h>
64 #include <locale.h>
65 #include <stdint.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <stdlib.h>
68 #include <string.h>
69 #include <unistd.h>
70 #include <wchar.h>
71 #include <wctype.h>
72 
73 #include "pathnames.h"
74 
75 static char _path_words[] = _PATH_WORDS;
76 
77 #define	EQUAL		0
78 #define	GREATER		1
79 #define	LESS		(-1)
80 
81 static int dflag, fflag;
82 
83 static char	*binary_search(wchar_t *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
84 static int	 compare(wchar_t *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
85 static char	*linear_search(wchar_t *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
86 static int	 look(wchar_t *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
87 static wchar_t	*prepkey(const char *, wchar_t);
88 static void	 print_from(wchar_t *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *);
89 
90 static void usage(void);
91 
92 static struct option longopts[] = {
93 	{ "alternative",no_argument,	NULL, 'a' },
94 	{ "alphanum",	no_argument,	NULL, 'd' },
95 	{ "ignore-case",no_argument,	NULL, 'i' },
96 	{ "terminate",	required_argument, NULL, 't'},
97 	{ NULL,		0,		NULL, 0 },
98 };
99 
100 int
101 main(int argc, char *argv[])
102 {
103 	struct stat sb;
104 	int ch, fd, match;
105 	wchar_t termchar;
106 	unsigned char *back, *front;
107 	unsigned const char *file;
108 	wchar_t *key;
109 
110 	(void) setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
111 
112 	file = _path_words;
113 	termchar = L'\0';
114 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+adft:", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
115 		switch(ch) {
116 		case 'a':
117 			/* COMPATIBILITY */
118 			break;
119 		case 'd':
120 			dflag = 1;
121 			break;
122 		case 'f':
123 			fflag = 1;
124 			break;
125 		case 't':
126 			if (mbrtowc(&termchar, optarg, MB_LEN_MAX, NULL) !=
127 			    strlen(optarg))
128 				errx(2, "invalid termination character");
129 			break;
130 		case '?':
131 		default:
132 			usage();
133 		}
134 	argc -= optind;
135 	argv += optind;
136 
137 	if (argc == 0)
138 		usage();
139 	if (argc == 1) 			/* But set -df by default. */
140 		dflag = fflag = 1;
141 	key = prepkey(*argv++, termchar);
142 	if (argc >= 2)
143 		file = *argv++;
144 
145 	match = 1;
146 
147 	do {
148 		if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0 || fstat(fd, &sb))
149 			err(2, "%s", file);
150 		if ((uintmax_t)sb.st_size > (uintmax_t)SIZE_T_MAX)
151 			errx(2, "%s: %s", file, strerror(EFBIG));
152 		if (sb.st_size == 0) {
153 			close(fd);
154 			continue;
155 		}
156 		if ((front = mmap(NULL, (size_t)sb.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED)
157 			err(2, "%s", file);
158 		back = front + sb.st_size;
159 		match *= (look(key, front, back));
160 		close(fd);
161 	} while (argc-- > 2 && (file = *argv++));
162 
163 	exit(match);
164 }
165 
166 static wchar_t *
167 prepkey(const char *string, wchar_t termchar)
168 {
169 	const char *readp;
170 	wchar_t *key, *writep;
171 	wchar_t ch;
172 	size_t clen;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * Reformat search string and convert to wide character representation
176 	 * to avoid doing it multiple times later.
177 	 */
178 	if ((key = malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (strlen(string) + 1))) == NULL)
179 		err(2, NULL);
180 	readp = string;
181 	writep = key;
182 	while ((clen = mbrtowc(&ch, readp, MB_LEN_MAX, NULL)) != 0) {
183 		if (clen == (size_t)-1 || clen == (size_t)-2)
184 			errc(2, EILSEQ, NULL);
185 		if (fflag)
186 			ch = towlower(ch);
187 		if (!dflag || iswalnum(ch))
188 			*writep++ = ch;
189 		readp += clen;
190 	}
191 	*writep = L'\0';
192 	if (termchar != L'\0' && (writep = wcschr(key, termchar)) != NULL)
193 		*++writep = L'\0';
194 	return (key);
195 }
196 
197 static int
198 look(wchar_t *string, unsigned char *front, unsigned char *back)
199 {
200 
201 	front = binary_search(string, front, back);
202 	front = linear_search(string, front, back);
203 
204 	if (front)
205 		print_from(string, front, back);
206 	return (front ? 0 : 1);
207 }
208 
209 
210 /*
211  * Binary search for "string" in memory between "front" and "back".
212  *
213  * This routine is expected to return a pointer to the start of a line at
214  * *or before* the first word matching "string".  Relaxing the constraint
215  * this way simplifies the algorithm.
216  *
217  * Invariants:
218  * 	front points to the beginning of a line at or before the first
219  *	matching string.
220  *
221  * 	back points to the beginning of a line at or after the first
222  *	matching line.
223  *
224  * Base of the Invariants.
225  * 	front = NULL;
226  *	back = EOF;
227  *
228  * Advancing the Invariants:
229  *
230  * 	p = first newline after halfway point from front to back.
231  *
232  * 	If the string at "p" is not greater than the string to match,
233  *	p is the new front.  Otherwise it is the new back.
234  *
235  * Termination:
236  *
237  * 	The definition of the routine allows it return at any point,
238  *	since front is always at or before the line to print.
239  *
240  * 	In fact, it returns when the chosen "p" equals "back".  This
241  *	implies that there exists a string is least half as long as
242  *	(back - front), which in turn implies that a linear search will
243  *	be no more expensive than the cost of simply printing a string or two.
244  *
245  * 	Trying to continue with binary search at this point would be
246  *	more trouble than it's worth.
247  */
248 #define	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back) \
249 	while (p < back && *p++ != '\n');
250 
251 static char *
252 binary_search(wchar_t *string, unsigned char *front, unsigned char *back)
253 {
254 	unsigned char *p;
255 
256 	p = front + (back - front) / 2;
257 	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * If the file changes underneath us, make sure we don't
261 	 * infinitely loop.
262 	 */
263 	while (p < back && back > front) {
264 		if (compare(string, p, back) == GREATER)
265 			front = p;
266 		else
267 			back = p;
268 		p = front + (back - front) / 2;
269 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
270 	}
271 	return (front);
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Find the first line that starts with string, linearly searching from front
276  * to back.
277  *
278  * Return NULL for no such line.
279  *
280  * This routine assumes:
281  *
282  * 	o front points at the first character in a line.
283  *	o front is before or at the first line to be printed.
284  */
285 static char *
286 linear_search(wchar_t *string, unsigned char *front, unsigned char *back)
287 {
288 	while (front < back) {
289 		switch (compare(string, front, back)) {
290 		case EQUAL:		/* Found it. */
291 			return (front);
292 		case LESS:		/* No such string. */
293 			return (NULL);
294 		case GREATER:		/* Keep going. */
295 			break;
296 		}
297 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(front, back);
298 	}
299 	return (NULL);
300 }
301 
302 /*
303  * Print as many lines as match string, starting at front.
304  */
305 static void
306 print_from(wchar_t *string, unsigned char *front, unsigned char *back)
307 {
308 	for (; front < back && compare(string, front, back) == EQUAL; ++front) {
309 		for (; front < back && *front != '\n'; ++front)
310 			if (putchar(*front) == EOF)
311 				err(2, "stdout");
312 		if (putchar('\n') == EOF)
313 			err(2, "stdout");
314 	}
315 }
316 
317 /*
318  * Return LESS, GREATER, or EQUAL depending on how the string1 compares with
319  * string2 (s1 ??? s2).
320  *
321  * 	o Matches up to len(s1) are EQUAL.
322  *	o Matches up to len(s2) are GREATER.
323  *
324  * Compare understands about the -f and -d flags, and treats comparisons
325  * appropriately.
326  *
327  * The string "s1" is null terminated.  The string s2 is '\n' terminated (or
328  * "back" terminated).
329  */
330 static int
331 compare(wchar_t *s1, unsigned char *s2, unsigned char *back)
332 {
333 	wchar_t ch1, ch2;
334 	size_t len2;
335 
336 	for (; *s1 && s2 < back && *s2 != '\n'; ++s1, s2 += len2) {
337 		ch1 = *s1;
338 		len2 = mbrtowc(&ch2, s2, back - s2, NULL);
339 		if (len2 == (size_t)-1 || len2 == (size_t)-2) {
340 			ch2 = *s2;
341 			len2 = 1;
342 		}
343 		if (fflag)
344 			ch2 = towlower(ch2);
345 		if (dflag && !iswalnum(ch2)) {
346 			/* Ignore character in comparison. */
347 			--s1;
348 			continue;
349 		}
350 		if (ch1 != ch2)
351 			return (ch1 < ch2 ? LESS : GREATER);
352 	}
353 	return (*s1 ? GREATER : EQUAL);
354 }
355 
356 static void
357 usage(void)
358 {
359 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: look [-df] [-t char] string [file ...]\n");
360 	exit(2);
361 }
362