xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/look/look.c (revision 4cf49a43559ed9fdad601bdcccd2c55963008675)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems, Inc.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #ifndef lint
38 static const char copyright[] =
39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
40 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 
43 #ifndef lint
44 #if 0
45 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)look.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
46 #endif
47 static const char rcsid[] =
48   "$FreeBSD$";
49 #endif /* not lint */
50 
51 /*
52  * look -- find lines in a sorted list.
53  *
54  * The man page said that TABs and SPACEs participate in -d comparisons.
55  * In fact, they were ignored.  This implements historic practice, not
56  * the manual page.
57  */
58 
59 #include <sys/types.h>
60 #include <sys/mman.h>
61 #include <sys/stat.h>
62 
63 #include <ctype.h>
64 #include <err.h>
65 #include <errno.h>
66 #include <fcntl.h>
67 #include <limits.h>
68 #include <locale.h>
69 #include <stdio.h>
70 #include <stdlib.h>
71 #include <string.h>
72 #include <unistd.h>
73 
74 #include "pathnames.h"
75 
76 /*
77  * FOLD and DICT convert characters to a normal form for comparison,
78  * according to the user specified flags.
79  *
80  * DICT expects integers because it uses a non-character value to
81  * indicate a character which should not participate in comparisons.
82  */
83 #define	EQUAL		0
84 #define	GREATER		1
85 #define	LESS		(-1)
86 #define NO_COMPARE	(-2)
87 
88 #define FOLD(c) (isupper(c) ? tolower(c) : (unsigned char) (c))
89 #define DICT(c) (isalnum(c) ? (c) & 0xFF /* int */ : NO_COMPARE)
90 
91 int dflag, fflag;
92 
93 char    *binary_search __P((unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *));
94 int      compare __P((unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *));
95 char    *linear_search __P((unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *));
96 int      look __P((unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *));
97 void     print_from __P((unsigned char *, unsigned char *, unsigned char *));
98 
99 static void usage __P((void));
100 
101 int
102 main(argc, argv)
103 	int argc;
104 	char *argv[];
105 {
106 	struct stat sb;
107 	int ch, fd, termchar, match;
108 	unsigned char *back, *file, *front, *string, *p;
109 
110 	(void) setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
111 
112 	file = _PATH_WORDS;
113 	termchar = '\0';
114 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "dft:")) != -1)
115 		switch(ch) {
116 		case 'd':
117 			dflag = 1;
118 			break;
119 		case 'f':
120 			fflag = 1;
121 			break;
122 		case 't':
123 			termchar = *optarg;
124 			break;
125 		case '?':
126 		default:
127 			usage();
128 		}
129 	argc -= optind;
130 	argv += optind;
131 
132 	if (argc == 0)
133 		usage();
134 	if (argc == 1) 			/* But set -df by default. */
135 		dflag = fflag = 1;
136 	string = *argv++;
137 	if (argc >= 2)
138 		file = *argv++;
139 
140 	if (termchar != '\0' && (p = strchr(string, termchar)) != NULL)
141 		*++p = '\0';
142 	match = 1;
143 
144 	do {
145 		if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0 || fstat(fd, &sb))
146 			err(2, "%s", file);
147 		if (sb.st_size > SIZE_T_MAX)
148 			errx(2, "%s: %s", file, strerror(EFBIG));
149 		if ((front = mmap(NULL, (size_t)sb.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED)
150 			err(2, "%s", file);
151 		back = front + sb.st_size;
152 		match *= (look(string, front, back));
153 		close(fd);
154 	} while (argc-- > 2 && (file = *argv++));
155 
156 	exit(match);
157 }
158 
159 int
160 look(string, front, back)
161 	unsigned char *string, *front, *back;
162 {
163 	register int ch;
164 	register unsigned char *readp, *writep;
165 
166 	/* Reformat string string to avoid doing it multiple times later. */
167 	for (readp = writep = string; ch = *readp++;) {
168 		if (fflag)
169 			ch = FOLD(ch);
170 		if (dflag)
171 			ch = DICT(ch);
172 		if (ch != NO_COMPARE)
173 			*(writep++) = ch;
174 	}
175 	*writep = '\0';
176 
177 	front = binary_search(string, front, back);
178 	front = linear_search(string, front, back);
179 
180 	if (front)
181 		print_from(string, front, back);
182 	return (front ? 0 : 1);
183 }
184 
185 
186 /*
187  * Binary search for "string" in memory between "front" and "back".
188  *
189  * This routine is expected to return a pointer to the start of a line at
190  * *or before* the first word matching "string".  Relaxing the constraint
191  * this way simplifies the algorithm.
192  *
193  * Invariants:
194  * 	front points to the beginning of a line at or before the first
195  *	matching string.
196  *
197  * 	back points to the beginning of a line at or after the first
198  *	matching line.
199  *
200  * Base of the Invariants.
201  * 	front = NULL;
202  *	back = EOF;
203  *
204  * Advancing the Invariants:
205  *
206  * 	p = first newline after halfway point from front to back.
207  *
208  * 	If the string at "p" is not greater than the string to match,
209  *	p is the new front.  Otherwise it is the new back.
210  *
211  * Termination:
212  *
213  * 	The definition of the routine allows it return at any point,
214  *	since front is always at or before the line to print.
215  *
216  * 	In fact, it returns when the chosen "p" equals "back".  This
217  *	implies that there exists a string is least half as long as
218  *	(back - front), which in turn implies that a linear search will
219  *	be no more expensive than the cost of simply printing a string or two.
220  *
221  * 	Trying to continue with binary search at this point would be
222  *	more trouble than it's worth.
223  */
224 #define	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back) \
225 	while (p < back && *p++ != '\n');
226 
227 char *
228 binary_search(string, front, back)
229 	register unsigned char *string, *front, *back;
230 {
231 	register unsigned char *p;
232 
233 	p = front + (back - front) / 2;
234 	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * If the file changes underneath us, make sure we don't
238 	 * infinitely loop.
239 	 */
240 	while (p < back && back > front) {
241 		if (compare(string, p, back) == GREATER)
242 			front = p;
243 		else
244 			back = p;
245 		p = front + (back - front) / 2;
246 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
247 	}
248 	return (front);
249 }
250 
251 /*
252  * Find the first line that starts with string, linearly searching from front
253  * to back.
254  *
255  * Return NULL for no such line.
256  *
257  * This routine assumes:
258  *
259  * 	o front points at the first character in a line.
260  *	o front is before or at the first line to be printed.
261  */
262 char *
263 linear_search(string, front, back)
264 	unsigned char *string, *front, *back;
265 {
266 	while (front < back) {
267 		switch (compare(string, front, back)) {
268 		case EQUAL:		/* Found it. */
269 			return (front);
270 			break;
271 		case LESS:		/* No such string. */
272 			return (NULL);
273 			break;
274 		case GREATER:		/* Keep going. */
275 			break;
276 		}
277 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(front, back);
278 	}
279 	return (NULL);
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Print as many lines as match string, starting at front.
284  */
285 void
286 print_from(string, front, back)
287 	register unsigned char *string, *front, *back;
288 {
289 	for (; front < back && compare(string, front, back) == EQUAL; ++front) {
290 		for (; front < back && *front != '\n'; ++front)
291 			if (putchar(*front) == EOF)
292 				err(2, "stdout");
293 		if (putchar('\n') == EOF)
294 			err(2, "stdout");
295 	}
296 }
297 
298 /*
299  * Return LESS, GREATER, or EQUAL depending on how the string1 compares with
300  * string2 (s1 ??? s2).
301  *
302  * 	o Matches up to len(s1) are EQUAL.
303  *	o Matches up to len(s2) are GREATER.
304  *
305  * Compare understands about the -f and -d flags, and treats comparisons
306  * appropriately.
307  *
308  * The string "s1" is null terminated.  The string s2 is '\n' terminated (or
309  * "back" terminated).
310  */
311 int
312 compare(s1, s2, back)
313 	register unsigned char *s1, *s2, *back;
314 {
315 	register int ch;
316 
317 	for (; *s1 && s2 < back && *s2 != '\n'; ++s1, ++s2) {
318 		ch = *s2;
319 		if (fflag)
320 			ch = FOLD(ch);
321 		if (dflag)
322 			ch = DICT(ch);
323 
324 		if (ch == NO_COMPARE) {
325 			++s2;		/* Ignore character in comparison. */
326 			continue;
327 		}
328 		if (*s1 != ch)
329 			return (*s1 < ch ? LESS : GREATER);
330 	}
331 	return (*s1 ? GREATER : EQUAL);
332 }
333 
334 static void
335 usage()
336 {
337 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: look [-df] [-t char] string [file ...]\n");
338 	exit(2);
339 }
340