xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/login/login.c (revision becbad1f6e18fec7c3bf286778a766ffca4457be)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technologies, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Portions of this software were developed for the FreeBSD Project by
8  * ThinkSec AS and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network
9  * Associates, Inc.  under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
10  * ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
22  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
23  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
24  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26  *    without specific prior written permission.
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38  * SUCH DAMAGE.
39  */
40 
41 #if 0
42 #ifndef lint
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)login.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
44 #endif
45 #endif
46 
47 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
48 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
49 
50 /*
51  * login [ name ]
52  * login -h hostname	(for telnetd, etc.)
53  * login -f name	(for pre-authenticated login: datakit, xterm, etc.)
54  */
55 
56 #include <sys/param.h>
57 #include <sys/file.h>
58 #include <sys/stat.h>
59 #include <sys/time.h>
60 #include <sys/resource.h>
61 #include <sys/wait.h>
62 
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <grp.h>
66 #include <login_cap.h>
67 #include <pwd.h>
68 #include <setjmp.h>
69 #include <signal.h>
70 #include <stdio.h>
71 #include <stdlib.h>
72 #include <string.h>
73 #include <syslog.h>
74 #include <ttyent.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 
77 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
78 #include <security/openpam.h>
79 
80 #include "login.h"
81 #include "pathnames.h"
82 
83 static int		 auth_pam(void);
84 static void		 bail(int, int);
85 static void		 bail_internal(int, int, int);
86 static int		 export(const char *);
87 static void		 export_pam_environment(void);
88 static int		 motd(const char *);
89 static void		 badlogin(char *);
90 static char		*getloginname(void);
91 static void		 pam_syslog(const char *);
92 static void		 pam_cleanup(void);
93 static void		 refused(const char *, const char *, int);
94 static const char	*stypeof(char *);
95 static void		 sigint(int);
96 static void		 timedout(int);
97 static void		 bail_sig(int);
98 static void		 usage(void);
99 
100 #define	TTYGRPNAME		"tty"			/* group to own ttys */
101 #define	DEFAULT_BACKOFF		3
102 #define	DEFAULT_RETRIES		10
103 #define	DEFAULT_PROMPT		"login: "
104 #define	DEFAULT_PASSWD_PROMPT	"Password:"
105 #define	TERM_UNKNOWN		"su"
106 #define	DEFAULT_WARN		(2L * 7L * 86400L)	/* Two weeks */
107 #define	NO_SLEEP_EXIT		0
108 #define	SLEEP_EXIT		5
109 
110 /*
111  * This bounds the time given to login.  Not a define so it can
112  * be patched on machines where it's too small.
113  */
114 static u_int		timeout = 300;
115 
116 /* Buffer for signal handling of timeout */
117 static jmp_buf		 timeout_buf;
118 
119 struct passwd		*pwd;
120 static int		 failures;
121 
122 static char		*envinit[1];	/* empty environment list */
123 
124 /*
125  * Command line flags and arguments
126  */
127 static int		 fflag;		/* -f: do not perform authentication */
128 static int		 hflag;		/* -h: login from remote host */
129 static char		*hostname;	/* hostname from command line */
130 static int		 pflag;		/* -p: preserve environment */
131 
132 /*
133  * User name
134  */
135 static char		*username;	/* user name */
136 static char		*olduser;	/* previous user name */
137 
138 /*
139  * Prompts
140  */
141 static char		 default_prompt[] = DEFAULT_PROMPT;
142 static const char	*prompt;
143 static char		 default_passwd_prompt[] = DEFAULT_PASSWD_PROMPT;
144 static const char	*passwd_prompt;
145 
146 static char		*tty;
147 
148 /*
149  * PAM data
150  */
151 static pam_handle_t	*pamh = NULL;
152 static struct pam_conv	 pamc = { openpam_ttyconv, NULL };
153 static int		 pam_err;
154 static int		 pam_silent = PAM_SILENT;
155 static int		 pam_cred_established;
156 static int		 pam_session_established;
157 
158 int
159 main(int argc, char *argv[])
160 {
161 	struct group *gr;
162 	struct stat st;
163 	int retries, backoff;
164 	int ask, ch, cnt, quietlog, rootlogin, rval;
165 	uid_t uid, euid;
166 	gid_t egid;
167 	char *term;
168 	char *p, *ttyn;
169 	char tname[sizeof(_PATH_TTY) + 10];
170 	char *arg0;
171 	const char *tp;
172 	const char *shell = NULL;
173 	login_cap_t *lc = NULL;
174 	login_cap_t *lc_user = NULL;
175 	pid_t pid;
176 	sigset_t mask, omask;
177 	struct sigaction sa;
178 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
179 	char auditsuccess = 1;
180 #endif
181 
182 	sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
183 	(void)sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask);
184 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
185 	(void)sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL);
186 	(void)sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
187 	(void)sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
188 	if (setjmp(timeout_buf)) {
189 		if (failures)
190 			badlogin(username);
191 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Login timed out after %d seconds\n",
192 		    timeout);
193 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
194 	}
195 	sa.sa_handler = timedout;
196 	(void)sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
197 	(void)alarm(timeout);
198 	(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
199 
200 	openlog("login", 0, LOG_AUTH);
201 
202 	uid = getuid();
203 	euid = geteuid();
204 	egid = getegid();
205 
206 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fh:p")) != -1)
207 		switch (ch) {
208 		case 'f':
209 			fflag = 1;
210 			break;
211 		case 'h':
212 			if (uid != 0)
213 				errx(1, "-h option: %s", strerror(EPERM));
214 			if (strlen(optarg) >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN)
215 				errx(1, "-h option: %s: exceeds maximum "
216 				    "hostname size", optarg);
217 			hflag = 1;
218 			hostname = optarg;
219 			break;
220 		case 'p':
221 			pflag = 1;
222 			break;
223 		case '?':
224 		default:
225 			if (uid == 0)
226 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "invalid flag %c", ch);
227 			usage();
228 		}
229 	argc -= optind;
230 	argv += optind;
231 
232 	if (argc > 0) {
233 		username = strdup(*argv);
234 		if (username == NULL)
235 			err(1, "strdup()");
236 		ask = 0;
237 	} else {
238 		ask = 1;
239 	}
240 
241 	setproctitle("-%s", getprogname());
242 
243 	closefrom(3);
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * Get current TTY
247 	 */
248 	ttyn = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO);
249 	if (ttyn == NULL || *ttyn == '\0') {
250 		(void)snprintf(tname, sizeof(tname), "%s??", _PATH_TTY);
251 		ttyn = tname;
252 	}
253 	if (strncmp(ttyn, _PATH_DEV, sizeof _PATH_DEV - 1) == 0)
254 		tty = ttyn + sizeof _PATH_DEV - 1;
255 	else
256 		tty = ttyn;
257 
258 	/*
259 	 * Get "login-retries" & "login-backoff" from default class
260 	 */
261 	lc = login_getclass(NULL);
262 	prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "login_prompt",
263 	    default_prompt, default_prompt);
264 	passwd_prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "passwd_prompt",
265 	    default_passwd_prompt, default_passwd_prompt);
266 	retries = login_getcapnum(lc, "login-retries",
267 	    DEFAULT_RETRIES, DEFAULT_RETRIES);
268 	backoff = login_getcapnum(lc, "login-backoff",
269 	    DEFAULT_BACKOFF, DEFAULT_BACKOFF);
270 	login_close(lc);
271 	lc = NULL;
272 
273 	/*
274 	 * Try to authenticate the user until we succeed or time out.
275 	 */
276 	for (cnt = 0;; ask = 1) {
277 		if (ask) {
278 			fflag = 0;
279 			if (olduser != NULL)
280 				free(olduser);
281 			olduser = username;
282 			username = getloginname();
283 		}
284 		rootlogin = 0;
285 
286 		/*
287 		 * Note if trying multiple user names; log failures for
288 		 * previous user name, but don't bother logging one failure
289 		 * for nonexistent name (mistyped username).
290 		 */
291 		if (failures && strcmp(olduser, username) != 0) {
292 			if (failures > (pwd ? 0 : 1))
293 				badlogin(olduser);
294 		}
295 
296 		/*
297 		 * Load the PAM policy and set some variables
298 		 */
299 		pam_err = pam_start("login", username, &pamc, &pamh);
300 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
301 			pam_syslog("pam_start()");
302 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
303 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
304 #endif
305 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
306 		}
307 		pam_err = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, tty);
308 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
309 			pam_syslog("pam_set_item(PAM_TTY)");
310 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
311 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
312 #endif
313 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
314 		}
315 		pam_err = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, hostname);
316 		if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
317 			pam_syslog("pam_set_item(PAM_RHOST)");
318 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
319 			au_login_fail("PAM Error", 1);
320 #endif
321 			bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
322 		}
323 
324 		pwd = getpwnam(username);
325 		if (pwd != NULL && pwd->pw_uid == 0)
326 			rootlogin = 1;
327 
328 		/*
329 		 * If the -f option was specified and the caller is
330 		 * root or the caller isn't changing their uid, don't
331 		 * authenticate.
332 		 */
333 		if (pwd != NULL && fflag &&
334 		    (uid == (uid_t)0 || uid == (uid_t)pwd->pw_uid)) {
335 			/* already authenticated */
336 			rval = 0;
337 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
338 			auditsuccess = 0; /* opened a terminal window only */
339 #endif
340 		} else {
341 			fflag = 0;
342 			(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -4);
343 			rval = auth_pam();
344 			(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
345 		}
346 
347 		if (pwd && rval == 0)
348 			break;
349 
350 		pam_cleanup();
351 
352 		/*
353 		 * We are not exiting here, but this corresponds to a failed
354 		 * login event, so set exitstatus to 1.
355 		 */
356 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
357 		au_login_fail("Login incorrect", 1);
358 #endif
359 
360 		(void)printf("Login incorrect\n");
361 		failures++;
362 
363 		pwd = NULL;
364 
365 		/*
366 		 * Allow up to 'retry' (10) attempts, but start
367 		 * backing off after 'backoff' (3) attempts.
368 		 */
369 		if (++cnt > backoff) {
370 			if (cnt >= retries) {
371 				badlogin(username);
372 				bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
373 			}
374 			sleep((u_int)((cnt - backoff) * 5));
375 		}
376 	}
377 
378 	/* committed to login -- turn off timeout */
379 	(void)alarm((u_int)0);
380 
381 	(void)sigemptyset(&mask);
382 	(void)sigaddset(&mask, SIGHUP);
383 	(void)sigaddset(&mask, SIGTERM);
384 	(void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, &omask);
385 	sa.sa_handler = bail_sig;
386 	(void)sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
387 	(void)sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
388 
389 	endpwent();
390 
391 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
392 	/* Audit successful login. */
393 	if (auditsuccess)
394 		au_login_success();
395 #endif
396 
397 	/*
398 	 * This needs to happen before login_getpwclass to support
399 	 * home directories on GSS-API authenticated NFS where the
400 	 * kerberos credentials need to be saved so that the kernel
401 	 * can authenticate to the NFS server.
402 	 */
403 	pam_err = pam_setcred(pamh, pam_silent|PAM_ESTABLISH_CRED);
404 	if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
405 		pam_syslog("pam_setcred()");
406 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
407 	}
408 	pam_cred_established = 1;
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * Establish the login class.
412 	 */
413 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
414 	lc_user = login_getuserclass(pwd);
415 
416 	if (!(quietlog = login_getcapbool(lc_user, "hushlogin", 0)))
417 		quietlog = login_getcapbool(lc, "hushlogin", 0);
418 
419 	/*
420 	 * Switching needed for NFS with root access disabled.
421 	 *
422 	 * XXX: This change fails to modify the additional groups for the
423 	 * process, and as such, may restrict rights normally granted
424 	 * through those groups.
425 	 */
426 	(void)setegid(pwd->pw_gid);
427 	(void)seteuid(rootlogin ? 0 : pwd->pw_uid);
428 	if (!*pwd->pw_dir || chdir(pwd->pw_dir) < 0) {
429 		if (login_getcapbool(lc, "requirehome", 0))
430 			refused("Home directory not available", "HOMEDIR", 1);
431 		if (chdir("/") < 0)
432 			refused("Cannot find root directory", "ROOTDIR", 1);
433 		if (!quietlog || *pwd->pw_dir)
434 			printf("No home directory.\nLogging in with home = \"/\".\n");
435 		pwd->pw_dir = strdup("/");
436 		if (pwd->pw_dir == NULL) {
437 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
438 			bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
439 		}
440 	}
441 	(void)seteuid(euid);
442 	(void)setegid(egid);
443 	if (!quietlog) {
444 		quietlog = access(_PATH_HUSHLOGIN, F_OK) == 0;
445 		if (!quietlog)
446 			pam_silent = 0;
447 	}
448 
449 	shell = login_getcapstr(lc, "shell", pwd->pw_shell, pwd->pw_shell);
450 	if (*pwd->pw_shell == '\0')
451 		pwd->pw_shell = strdup(_PATH_BSHELL);
452 	if (pwd->pw_shell == NULL) {
453 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
454 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
455 	}
456 	if (*shell == '\0')   /* Not overridden */
457 		shell = pwd->pw_shell;
458 	if ((shell = strdup(shell)) == NULL) {
459 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "strdup(): %m");
460 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
461 	}
462 
463 	/*
464 	 * Set device protections, depending on what terminal the
465 	 * user is logged in. This feature is used on Suns to give
466 	 * console users better privacy.
467 	 */
468 	login_fbtab(tty, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid);
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Clear flags of the tty.  None should be set, and when the
472 	 * user sets them otherwise, this can cause the chown to fail.
473 	 * Since it isn't clear that flags are useful on character
474 	 * devices, we just clear them.
475 	 *
476 	 * We don't log in the case of EOPNOTSUPP because dev might be
477 	 * on NFS, which doesn't support chflags.
478 	 *
479 	 * We don't log in the EROFS because that means that /dev is on
480 	 * a read only file system and we assume that the permissions there
481 	 * are sane.
482 	 */
483 	if (ttyn != tname && chflags(ttyn, 0))
484 		if (errno != EOPNOTSUPP && errno != EROFS)
485 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "chflags(%s): %m", ttyn);
486 	if (ttyn != tname && chown(ttyn, pwd->pw_uid,
487 	    (gr = getgrnam(TTYGRPNAME)) ? gr->gr_gid : pwd->pw_gid))
488 		if (errno != EROFS)
489 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "chown(%s): %m", ttyn);
490 
491 #ifdef LOGALL
492 	/*
493 	 * Syslog each successful login, so we don't have to watch
494 	 * hundreds of wtmp or lastlogin files.
495 	 */
496 	if (hflag)
497 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "login from %s on %s as %s",
498 		       hostname, tty, pwd->pw_name);
499 	else
500 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "login on %s as %s",
501 		       tty, pwd->pw_name);
502 #endif
503 
504 	/*
505 	 * If fflag is on, assume caller/authenticator has logged root
506 	 * login.
507 	 */
508 	if (rootlogin && fflag == 0) {
509 		if (hflag)
510 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN (%s) ON %s FROM %s",
511 			    username, tty, hostname);
512 		else
513 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN (%s) ON %s",
514 			    username, tty);
515 	}
516 
517 	/*
518 	 * Destroy environment unless user has requested its
519 	 * preservation - but preserve TERM in all cases
520 	 */
521 	term = getenv("TERM");
522 	if (!pflag)
523 		environ = envinit;
524 	if (term != NULL)
525 		setenv("TERM", term, 0);
526 
527 	/*
528 	 * PAM modules might add supplementary groups during pam_setcred().
529 	 */
530 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETGROUP) != 0) {
531 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setusercontext() failed - exiting");
532 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
533 	}
534 
535 	pam_err = pam_setcred(pamh, pam_silent|PAM_REINITIALIZE_CRED);
536 	if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
537 		pam_syslog("pam_setcred()");
538 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
539 	}
540 
541 	pam_err = pam_open_session(pamh, pam_silent);
542 	if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
543 		pam_syslog("pam_open_session()");
544 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
545 	}
546 	pam_session_established = 1;
547 
548 	/*
549 	 * We must fork() before setuid() because we need to call
550 	 * pam_close_session() as root.
551 	 */
552 	pid = fork();
553 	if (pid < 0) {
554 		err(1, "fork");
555 	} else if (pid != 0) {
556 		/*
557 		 * Parent: wait for child to finish, then clean up
558 		 * session.
559 		 *
560 		 * If we get SIGHUP or SIGTERM, clean up the session
561 		 * and exit right away. This will make the terminal
562 		 * inaccessible and send SIGHUP to the foreground
563 		 * process group.
564 		 */
565 		int status;
566 		setproctitle("-%s [pam]", getprogname());
567 		(void)sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
568 		waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
569 		(void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);
570 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
571 	}
572 
573 	/*
574 	 * NOTICE: We are now in the child process!
575 	 */
576 
577 	/*
578 	 * Add any environment variables the PAM modules may have set.
579 	 */
580 	export_pam_environment();
581 
582 	/*
583 	 * We're done with PAM now; our parent will deal with the rest.
584 	 */
585 	pam_end(pamh, 0);
586 	pamh = NULL;
587 
588 	/*
589 	 * We don't need to be root anymore, so set the login name and
590 	 * the UID.
591 	 */
592 	if (setlogin(username) != 0) {
593 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setlogin(%s): %m - exiting", username);
594 		bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
595 	}
596 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
597 	    LOGIN_SETALL & ~(LOGIN_SETLOGIN|LOGIN_SETGROUP)) != 0) {
598 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setusercontext() failed - exiting");
599 		exit(1);
600 	}
601 
602 	(void)setenv("SHELL", pwd->pw_shell, 1);
603 	(void)setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1);
604 	/* Overwrite "term" from login.conf(5) for any known TERM */
605 	if (term == NULL && (tp = stypeof(tty)) != NULL)
606 		(void)setenv("TERM", tp, 1);
607 	else
608 		(void)setenv("TERM", TERM_UNKNOWN, 0);
609 	(void)setenv("LOGNAME", username, 1);
610 	(void)setenv("USER", username, 1);
611 	(void)setenv("PATH", rootlogin ? _PATH_STDPATH : _PATH_DEFPATH, 0);
612 
613 	if (!quietlog) {
614 		const char *cw;
615 
616 		cw = login_getcapstr(lc, "welcome", NULL, NULL);
617 		if (cw != NULL && access(cw, F_OK) == 0)
618 			motd(cw);
619 		else
620 			motd(_PATH_MOTDFILE);
621 
622 		if (login_getcapbool(lc_user, "nocheckmail", 0) == 0 &&
623 		    login_getcapbool(lc, "nocheckmail", 0) == 0) {
624 			char *cx;
625 
626 			/* $MAIL may have been set by class. */
627 			cx = getenv("MAIL");
628 			if (cx == NULL) {
629 				asprintf(&cx, "%s/%s",
630 				    _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
631 			}
632 			if (cx && stat(cx, &st) == 0 && st.st_size != 0)
633 				(void)printf("You have %smail.\n",
634 				    (st.st_mtime > st.st_atime) ? "new " : "");
635 			if (getenv("MAIL") == NULL)
636 				free(cx);
637 		}
638 	}
639 
640 	login_close(lc_user);
641 	login_close(lc);
642 
643 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
644 	(void)sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
645 	(void)sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL);
646 	(void)sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
647 	(void)sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
648 	(void)sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
649 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
650 	(void)sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL);
651 	(void)sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
652 
653 	/*
654 	 * Login shells have a leading '-' in front of argv[0]
655 	 */
656 	p = strrchr(pwd->pw_shell, '/');
657 	if (asprintf(&arg0, "-%s", p ? p + 1 : pwd->pw_shell) >= MAXPATHLEN) {
658 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "user: %s: shell exceeds maximum pathname size",
659 		    username);
660 		errx(1, "shell exceeds maximum pathname size");
661 	} else if (arg0 == NULL) {
662 		err(1, "asprintf()");
663 	}
664 
665 	execlp(shell, arg0, (char *)0);
666 	err(1, "%s", shell);
667 
668 	/*
669 	 * That's it, folks!
670 	 */
671 }
672 
673 /*
674  * Attempt to authenticate the user using PAM.  Returns 0 if the user is
675  * authenticated, or 1 if not authenticated.  If some sort of PAM system
676  * error occurs (e.g., the "/etc/pam.conf" file is missing) then this
677  * function returns -1.  This can be used as an indication that we should
678  * fall back to a different authentication mechanism.
679  */
680 static int
681 auth_pam(void)
682 {
683 	const char *tmpl_user;
684 	const void *item;
685 	int rval;
686 
687 	pam_err = pam_authenticate(pamh, pam_silent);
688 	switch (pam_err) {
689 
690 	case PAM_SUCCESS:
691 		/*
692 		 * With PAM we support the concept of a "template"
693 		 * user.  The user enters a login name which is
694 		 * authenticated by PAM, usually via a remote service
695 		 * such as RADIUS or TACACS+.  If authentication
696 		 * succeeds, a different but related "template" name
697 		 * is used for setting the credentials, shell, and
698 		 * home directory.  The name the user enters need only
699 		 * exist on the remote authentication server, but the
700 		 * template name must be present in the local password
701 		 * database.
702 		 *
703 		 * This is supported by two various mechanisms in the
704 		 * individual modules.  However, from the application's
705 		 * point of view, the template user is always passed
706 		 * back as a changed value of the PAM_USER item.
707 		 */
708 		pam_err = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_USER, &item);
709 		if (pam_err == PAM_SUCCESS) {
710 			tmpl_user = (const char *)item;
711 			if (strcmp(username, tmpl_user) != 0)
712 				pwd = getpwnam(tmpl_user);
713 		} else {
714 			pam_syslog("pam_get_item(PAM_USER)");
715 		}
716 		rval = 0;
717 		break;
718 
719 	case PAM_AUTH_ERR:
720 	case PAM_USER_UNKNOWN:
721 	case PAM_MAXTRIES:
722 		rval = 1;
723 		break;
724 
725 	default:
726 		pam_syslog("pam_authenticate()");
727 		rval = -1;
728 		break;
729 	}
730 
731 	if (rval == 0) {
732 		pam_err = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, pam_silent);
733 		switch (pam_err) {
734 		case PAM_SUCCESS:
735 			break;
736 		case PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD:
737 			pam_err = pam_chauthtok(pamh,
738 			    pam_silent|PAM_CHANGE_EXPIRED_AUTHTOK);
739 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS) {
740 				pam_syslog("pam_chauthtok()");
741 				rval = 1;
742 			}
743 			break;
744 		default:
745 			pam_syslog("pam_acct_mgmt()");
746 			rval = 1;
747 			break;
748 		}
749 	}
750 
751 	if (rval != 0) {
752 		pam_end(pamh, pam_err);
753 		pamh = NULL;
754 	}
755 	return (rval);
756 }
757 
758 /*
759  * Export any environment variables PAM modules may have set
760  */
761 static void
762 export_pam_environment(void)
763 {
764 	char **pam_env;
765 	char **pp;
766 
767 	pam_env = pam_getenvlist(pamh);
768 	if (pam_env != NULL) {
769 		for (pp = pam_env; *pp != NULL; pp++) {
770 			(void)export(*pp);
771 			free(*pp);
772 		}
773 	}
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * Perform sanity checks on an environment variable:
778  * - Make sure there is an '=' in the string.
779  * - Make sure the string doesn't run on too long.
780  * - Do not export certain variables.  This list was taken from the
781  *   Solaris pam_putenv(3) man page.
782  * Then export it.
783  */
784 static int
785 export(const char *s)
786 {
787 	static const char *noexport[] = {
788 		"SHELL", "HOME", "LOGNAME", "MAIL", "CDPATH",
789 		"IFS", "PATH", NULL
790 	};
791 	char *p;
792 	const char **pp;
793 	size_t n;
794 
795 	if (strlen(s) > 1024 || (p = strchr(s, '=')) == NULL)
796 		return (0);
797 	if (strncmp(s, "LD_", 3) == 0)
798 		return (0);
799 	for (pp = noexport; *pp != NULL; pp++) {
800 		n = strlen(*pp);
801 		if (s[n] == '=' && strncmp(s, *pp, n) == 0)
802 			return (0);
803 	}
804 	*p = '\0';
805 	(void)setenv(s, p + 1, 1);
806 	*p = '=';
807 	return (1);
808 }
809 
810 static void
811 usage(void)
812 {
813 
814 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: login [-fp] [-h hostname] [username]\n");
815 	exit(1);
816 }
817 
818 /*
819  * Prompt user and read login name from stdin.
820  */
821 static char *
822 getloginname(void)
823 {
824 	char *nbuf, *p;
825 	int ch;
826 
827 	nbuf = malloc(MAXLOGNAME);
828 	if (nbuf == NULL)
829 		err(1, "malloc()");
830 	do {
831 		(void)printf("%s", prompt);
832 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
833 			if (ch == EOF) {
834 				badlogin(username);
835 				bail(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0);
836 			}
837 			if (p < nbuf + MAXLOGNAME - 1)
838 				*p++ = ch;
839 		}
840 	} while (p == nbuf);
841 
842 	*p = '\0';
843 	if (nbuf[0] == '-') {
844 		pam_silent = 0;
845 		memmove(nbuf, nbuf + 1, strlen(nbuf));
846 	} else {
847 		pam_silent = PAM_SILENT;
848 	}
849 	return nbuf;
850 }
851 
852 /*
853  * SIGINT handler for motd().
854  */
855 static volatile int motdinterrupt;
856 static void
857 sigint(int signo __unused)
858 {
859 	motdinterrupt = 1;
860 }
861 
862 /*
863  * Display the contents of a file (such as /etc/motd).
864  */
865 static int
866 motd(const char *motdfile)
867 {
868 	struct sigaction newint, oldint;
869 	FILE *f;
870 	int ch;
871 
872 	if ((f = fopen(motdfile, "r")) == NULL)
873 		return (-1);
874 	motdinterrupt = 0;
875 	newint.sa_handler = sigint;
876 	newint.sa_flags = 0;
877 	sigfillset(&newint.sa_mask);
878 	sigaction(SIGINT, &newint, &oldint);
879 	while ((ch = fgetc(f)) != EOF && !motdinterrupt)
880 		putchar(ch);
881 	sigaction(SIGINT, &oldint, NULL);
882 	if (ch != EOF || ferror(f)) {
883 		fclose(f);
884 		return (-1);
885 	}
886 	fclose(f);
887 	return (0);
888 }
889 
890 /*
891  * SIGALRM handler, to enforce login prompt timeout.
892  *
893  * XXX This can potentially confuse the hell out of PAM.  We should
894  * XXX instead implement a conversation function that returns
895  * XXX PAM_CONV_ERR when interrupted by a signal, and have the signal
896  * XXX handler just set a flag.
897  */
898 static void
899 timedout(int signo __unused)
900 {
901 
902 	longjmp(timeout_buf, signo);
903 }
904 
905 static void
906 badlogin(char *name)
907 {
908 
909 	if (failures == 0)
910 		return;
911 	if (hflag) {
912 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s",
913 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname);
914 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
915 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s, %s",
916 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname, name);
917 	} else {
918 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s",
919 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty);
920 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
921 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s, %s",
922 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty, name);
923 	}
924 	failures = 0;
925 }
926 
927 const char *
928 stypeof(char *ttyid)
929 {
930 	struct ttyent *t;
931 
932 	if (ttyid != NULL && *ttyid != '\0') {
933 		t = getttynam(ttyid);
934 		if (t != NULL && t->ty_type != NULL)
935 			return (t->ty_type);
936 	}
937 	return (NULL);
938 }
939 
940 static void
941 refused(const char *msg, const char *rtype, int lout)
942 {
943 
944 	if (msg != NULL)
945 	    printf("%s.\n", msg);
946 	if (hflag)
947 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "LOGIN %s REFUSED (%s) FROM %s ON TTY %s",
948 		    pwd->pw_name, rtype, hostname, tty);
949 	else
950 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "LOGIN %s REFUSED (%s) ON TTY %s",
951 		    pwd->pw_name, rtype, tty);
952 	if (lout)
953 		bail(SLEEP_EXIT, 1);
954 }
955 
956 /*
957  * Log a PAM error
958  */
959 static void
960 pam_syslog(const char *msg)
961 {
962 	syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %s", msg, pam_strerror(pamh, pam_err));
963 }
964 
965 /*
966  * Shut down PAM
967  */
968 static void
969 pam_cleanup(void)
970 {
971 
972 	if (pamh != NULL) {
973 		if (pam_session_established) {
974 			pam_err = pam_close_session(pamh, 0);
975 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS)
976 				pam_syslog("pam_close_session()");
977 		}
978 		pam_session_established = 0;
979 		if (pam_cred_established) {
980 			pam_err = pam_setcred(pamh, pam_silent|PAM_DELETE_CRED);
981 			if (pam_err != PAM_SUCCESS)
982 				pam_syslog("pam_setcred()");
983 		}
984 		pam_cred_established = 0;
985 		pam_end(pamh, pam_err);
986 		pamh = NULL;
987 	}
988 }
989 
990 static void
991 bail_internal(int sec, int eval, int signo)
992 {
993 	struct sigaction sa;
994 
995 	pam_cleanup();
996 #ifdef USE_BSM_AUDIT
997 	if (pwd != NULL)
998 		audit_logout();
999 #endif
1000 	(void)sleep(sec);
1001 	if (signo == 0)
1002 		exit(eval);
1003 	else {
1004 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
1005 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
1006 		(void)sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1007 		(void)sigaction(signo, &sa, NULL);
1008 		(void)sigaddset(&sa.sa_mask, signo);
1009 		(void)sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL);
1010 		raise(signo);
1011 		exit(128 + signo);
1012 	}
1013 }
1014 
1015 /*
1016  * Exit, optionally after sleeping a few seconds
1017  */
1018 static void
1019 bail(int sec, int eval)
1020 {
1021 	bail_internal(sec, eval, 0);
1022 }
1023 
1024 /*
1025  * Exit because of a signal.
1026  * This is not async-signal safe, so only call async-signal safe functions
1027  * while the signal is unmasked.
1028  */
1029 static void
1030 bail_sig(int signo)
1031 {
1032 	bail_internal(NO_SLEEP_EXIT, 0, signo);
1033 }
1034