xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/ldd/ldd.c (revision 49b49cda41feabe3439f7318e8bf40e3896c7bf4)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993 Paul Kranenburg
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *      This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
16  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
17  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
21  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
22  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
23  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
24  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
25  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
26  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
27  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
28  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/wait.h>
35 
36 #include <machine/elf.h>
37 
38 #include <arpa/inet.h>
39 
40 #include <dlfcn.h>
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 
49 #include "extern.h"
50 
51 /* We don't support a.out executables on arm64 and riscv */
52 #if !defined(__aarch64__) && !defined(__riscv__)
53 #include <a.out.h>
54 #define	AOUT_SUPPORTED
55 #endif
56 
57 /*
58  * 32-bit ELF data structures can only be used if the system header[s] declare
59  * them.  There is no official macro for determining whether they are declared,
60  * so check for the existence of one of the 32-macros defined in elf(5).
61  */
62 #ifdef ELF32_R_TYPE
63 #define	ELF32_SUPPORTED
64 #endif
65 
66 #define	LDD_SETENV(name, value, overwrite) do {		\
67 	setenv("LD_" name, value, overwrite);		\
68 	setenv("LD_32_" name, value, overwrite);	\
69 } while (0)
70 
71 #define	LDD_UNSETENV(name) do {		\
72 	unsetenv("LD_" name);		\
73 	unsetenv("LD_32_" name);	\
74 } while (0)
75 
76 static int	is_executable(const char *fname, int fd, int *is_shlib,
77 		    int *type);
78 static void	usage(void);
79 
80 #define	TYPE_UNKNOWN	0
81 #define	TYPE_AOUT	1
82 #define	TYPE_ELF	2	/* Architecture default */
83 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE > 32 && defined(ELF32_SUPPORTED)
84 #define	TYPE_ELF32	3	/* Explicit 32 bits on architectures >32 bits */
85 
86 #define	_PATH_LDD32	"/usr/bin/ldd32"
87 
88 static int
89 execldd32(char *file, char *fmt1, char *fmt2, int aflag, int vflag)
90 {
91 	char *argv[8];
92 	int i, rval, status;
93 
94 	LDD_UNSETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS");
95 	rval = 0;
96 	i = 0;
97 	argv[i++] = strdup(_PATH_LDD32);
98 	if (aflag)
99 		argv[i++] = strdup("-a");
100 	if (vflag)
101 		argv[i++] = strdup("-v");
102 	if (fmt1 != NULL) {
103 		argv[i++] = strdup("-f");
104 		argv[i++] = strdup(fmt1);
105 	}
106 	if (fmt2 != NULL) {
107 		argv[i++] = strdup("-f");
108 		argv[i++] = strdup(fmt2);
109 	}
110 	argv[i++] = strdup(file);
111 	argv[i++] = NULL;
112 
113 	switch (fork()) {
114 	case -1:
115 		err(1, "fork");
116 		break;
117 	case 0:
118 		execv(_PATH_LDD32, argv);
119 		warn("%s", _PATH_LDD32);
120 		_exit(127);
121 		break;
122 	default:
123 		if (wait(&status) < 0)
124 			rval = 1;
125 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
126 			rval = 1;
127 		else if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
128 			rval = 1;
129 		break;
130 	}
131 	while (i--)
132 		free(argv[i]);
133 	LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS", "yes", 1);
134 	return (rval);
135 }
136 #endif
137 
138 int
139 main(int argc, char *argv[])
140 {
141 	char *fmt1, *fmt2;
142 	int rval, c, aflag, vflag;
143 
144 	aflag = vflag = 0;
145 	fmt1 = fmt2 = NULL;
146 
147 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "af:v")) != -1) {
148 		switch (c) {
149 		case 'a':
150 			aflag++;
151 			break;
152 		case 'f':
153 			if (fmt1 != NULL) {
154 				if (fmt2 != NULL)
155 					errx(1, "too many formats");
156 				fmt2 = optarg;
157 			} else
158 				fmt1 = optarg;
159 			break;
160 		case 'v':
161 			vflag++;
162 			break;
163 		default:
164 			usage();
165 			/* NOTREACHED */
166 		}
167 	}
168 	argc -= optind;
169 	argv += optind;
170 
171 	if (vflag && fmt1 != NULL)
172 		errx(1, "-v may not be used with -f");
173 
174 	if (argc <= 0) {
175 		usage();
176 		/* NOTREACHED */
177 	}
178 
179 #ifdef __i386__
180 	if (vflag) {
181 		for (c = 0; c < argc; c++)
182 			dump_file(argv[c]);
183 		exit(error_count == 0 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
184 	}
185 #endif
186 
187 	rval = 0;
188 	for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) {
189 		int fd, status, is_shlib, rv, type;
190 
191 		if ((fd = open(*argv, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
192 			warn("%s", *argv);
193 			rval |= 1;
194 			continue;
195 		}
196 		rv = is_executable(*argv, fd, &is_shlib, &type);
197 		close(fd);
198 		if (rv == 0) {
199 			rval |= 1;
200 			continue;
201 		}
202 
203 		switch (type) {
204 		case TYPE_ELF:
205 		case TYPE_AOUT:
206 			break;
207 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE > 32 && defined(ELF32_SUPPORTED)
208 		case TYPE_ELF32:
209 			rval |= execldd32(*argv, fmt1, fmt2, aflag, vflag);
210 			continue;
211 #endif
212 		case TYPE_UNKNOWN:
213 		default:
214 			/*
215 			 * This shouldn't happen unless is_executable()
216 			 * is broken.
217 			 */
218 			errx(EDOOFUS, "unknown executable type");
219 		}
220 
221 		/* ld.so magic */
222 		LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS", "yes", 1);
223 		if (fmt1 != NULL)
224 			LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT1", fmt1, 1);
225 		if (fmt2 != NULL)
226 			LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT2", fmt2, 1);
227 
228 		LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_PROGNAME", *argv, 1);
229 		if (aflag)
230 			LDD_SETENV("TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_ALL", "1", 1);
231 		else if (fmt1 == NULL && fmt2 == NULL)
232 			/* Default formats */
233 			printf("%s:\n", *argv);
234 		fflush(stdout);
235 
236 		switch (fork()) {
237 		case -1:
238 			err(1, "fork");
239 			break;
240 		default:
241 			if (wait(&status) < 0) {
242 				warn("wait");
243 				rval |= 1;
244 			} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
245 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: signal %d\n", *argv,
246 				    WTERMSIG(status));
247 				rval |= 1;
248 			} else if (WIFEXITED(status) &&
249 			    WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
250 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: exit status %d\n", *argv,
251 				    WEXITSTATUS(status));
252 				rval |= 1;
253 			}
254 			break;
255 		case 0:
256 			if (is_shlib == 0) {
257 				execl(*argv, *argv, (char *)NULL);
258 				warn("%s", *argv);
259 			} else {
260 				dlopen(*argv, RTLD_TRACE);
261 				warnx("%s: %s", *argv, dlerror());
262 			}
263 			_exit(1);
264 		}
265 	}
266 
267 	return rval;
268 }
269 
270 static void
271 usage(void)
272 {
273 
274 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ldd [-a] [-v] [-f format] program ...\n");
275 	exit(1);
276 }
277 
278 static int
279 is_executable(const char *fname, int fd, int *is_shlib, int *type)
280 {
281 	union {
282 #ifdef AOUT_SUPPORTED
283 		struct exec aout;
284 #endif
285 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE > 32 && defined(ELF32_SUPPORTED)
286 		Elf32_Ehdr elf32;
287 #endif
288 		Elf_Ehdr elf;
289 	} hdr;
290 	int n;
291 
292 	*is_shlib = 0;
293 	*type = TYPE_UNKNOWN;
294 
295 	if ((n = read(fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr))) == -1) {
296 		warn("%s: can't read program header", fname);
297 		return (0);
298 	}
299 
300 #ifdef AOUT_SUPPORTED
301 	if ((size_t)n >= sizeof(hdr.aout) && !N_BADMAG(hdr.aout)) {
302 		/* a.out file */
303 		if ((N_GETFLAG(hdr.aout) & EX_DPMASK) != EX_DYNAMIC
304 #if 1 /* Compatibility */
305 		    || hdr.aout.a_entry < __LDPGSZ
306 #endif
307 			) {
308 			warnx("%s: not a dynamic executable", fname);
309 			return (0);
310 		}
311 		*type = TYPE_AOUT;
312 		return (1);
313 	}
314 #endif
315 
316 #if __ELF_WORD_SIZE > 32 && defined(ELF32_SUPPORTED)
317 	if ((size_t)n >= sizeof(hdr.elf32) && IS_ELF(hdr.elf32) &&
318 	    hdr.elf32.e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS32) {
319 		/* Handle 32 bit ELF objects */
320 		Elf32_Phdr phdr;
321 		int dynamic, i;
322 
323 		dynamic = 0;
324 		*type = TYPE_ELF32;
325 
326 		if (lseek(fd, hdr.elf32.e_phoff, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
327 			warnx("%s: header too short", fname);
328 			return (0);
329 		}
330 		for (i = 0; i < hdr.elf32.e_phnum; i++) {
331 			if (read(fd, &phdr, hdr.elf32.e_phentsize) !=
332 			    sizeof(phdr)) {
333 				warnx("%s: can't read program header", fname);
334 				return (0);
335 			}
336 			if (phdr.p_type == PT_DYNAMIC) {
337 				dynamic = 1;
338 				break;
339 			}
340 		}
341 
342 		if (!dynamic) {
343 			warnx("%s: not a dynamic ELF executable", fname);
344 			return (0);
345 		}
346 		if (hdr.elf32.e_type == ET_DYN) {
347 			if (hdr.elf32.e_ident[EI_OSABI] == ELFOSABI_FREEBSD) {
348 				*is_shlib = 1;
349 				return (1);
350 			}
351 			warnx("%s: not a FreeBSD ELF shared object", fname);
352 			return (0);
353 		}
354 
355 		return (1);
356 	}
357 #endif
358 
359 	if ((size_t)n >= sizeof(hdr.elf) && IS_ELF(hdr.elf) &&
360 	    hdr.elf.e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELF_TARG_CLASS) {
361 		/* Handle default ELF objects on this architecture */
362 		Elf_Phdr phdr;
363 		int dynamic, i;
364 
365 		dynamic = 0;
366 		*type = TYPE_ELF;
367 
368 		if (lseek(fd, hdr.elf.e_phoff, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
369 			warnx("%s: header too short", fname);
370 			return (0);
371 		}
372 		for (i = 0; i < hdr.elf.e_phnum; i++) {
373 			if (read(fd, &phdr, hdr.elf.e_phentsize)
374 			   != sizeof(phdr)) {
375 				warnx("%s: can't read program header", fname);
376 				return (0);
377 			}
378 			if (phdr.p_type == PT_DYNAMIC) {
379 				dynamic = 1;
380 				break;
381 			}
382 		}
383 
384 		if (!dynamic) {
385 			warnx("%s: not a dynamic ELF executable", fname);
386 			return (0);
387 		}
388 		if (hdr.elf.e_type == ET_DYN) {
389 			switch (hdr.elf.e_ident[EI_OSABI]) {
390 			case ELFOSABI_FREEBSD:
391 				*is_shlib = 1;
392 				return (1);
393 #ifdef __ARM_EABI__
394 			case ELFOSABI_NONE:
395 				if (hdr.elf.e_machine != EM_ARM)
396 					break;
397 				if (EF_ARM_EABI_VERSION(hdr.elf.e_flags) <
398 				    EF_ARM_EABI_FREEBSD_MIN)
399 					break;
400 				*is_shlib = 1;
401 				return (1);
402 #endif
403 			}
404 			warnx("%s: not a FreeBSD ELF shared object", fname);
405 			return (0);
406 		}
407 
408 		return (1);
409 	}
410 
411 	warnx("%s: not a dynamic executable", fname);
412 	return (0);
413 }
414