1.\" Copyright (c) 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lam.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 6, 1993 36.Dt LAM 1 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lam 40.Nd laminate files 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl f Ar min.max 44.Op Fl s Ar sepstring 45.Op Fl t Ar c 46.Ar file ... 47.Nm lam 48.Op Fl p Ar min.max 49.Op Fl s Ar sepstring 50.Op Fl t Ar c 51.Ar file ... 52.Sh DESCRIPTION 53.Nm Lam 54copies the named files side by side onto the standard output. 55The 56.Em n-th 57input lines from the input 58.Ar files 59are considered fragments of the single long 60.Em n-th 61output line into which they are assembled. 62The name `\fB\-\fP' means the standard input, and may be repeated. 63.Pp 64Normally, each option affects only the 65.Ar file 66after it. 67If the option letter is capitalized it affects all subsequent files 68until it appears again uncapitalized. 69The options are described below. 70.Bl -tag -width indent 71.It Fl f Ar min.max 72Print line fragments according to the format string 73.Ar min.max , 74where 75.Ar min 76is the minimum field width and 77.Ar max 78the maximum field width. 79If 80.Ar min 81begins with a zero, zeros will be added to make up the field width, 82and if it begins with a `\-', the fragment will be left-adjusted 83within the field. 84.It Fl p Ar min.max 85Like 86.Fl f , 87but pad this file's field when end-of-file is reached 88and other files are still active. 89.It Fl s Ar sepstring 90Print 91.Ar sepstring 92before printing line fragments from the next file. 93This option may appear after the last file. 94.It Fl t Ar c 95The input line terminator is 96.Ar c 97instead of a newline. 98The newline normally appended to each output line is omitted. 99.El 100.Pp 101To print files simultaneously for easy viewing use 102.Xr pr 1 . 103.Sh EXAMPLES 104The command 105.Bd -literal 106lam file1 file2 file3 file4 107.Ed 108 109joins 4 files together along each line. 110To merge the lines from four different files use 111.Bd -literal 112lam file1 \-S "\\ 113.br 114" file2 file3 file4 115.Ed 116 117Every 2 lines of a file may be joined on one line with 118.Bd -literal 119lam \- \- < file 120.Ed 121 122and a form letter with substitutions keyed by `@' can be done with 123.Bd -literal 124lam \-t @ letter changes 125.Ed 126.Sh SEE ALSO 127.Xr join 1 , 128.Xr pr 1 , 129.Xr printf 3 130