xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/kdump/kdump.c (revision ce3adf4362fcca6a43e500b2531f0038adbfbd21)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)kdump.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 #define _KERNEL
45 extern int errno;
46 #include <sys/errno.h>
47 #undef _KERNEL
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/capability.h>
50 #include <sys/errno.h>
51 #define _KERNEL
52 #include <sys/time.h>
53 #undef _KERNEL
54 #include <sys/uio.h>
55 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
56 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
57 #include <sys/socket.h>
58 #include <sys/stat.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/un.h>
61 #include <sys/queue.h>
62 #include <sys/wait.h>
63 #ifdef IPX
64 #include <sys/types.h>
65 #include <netipx/ipx.h>
66 #endif
67 #ifdef NETATALK
68 #include <netatalk/at.h>
69 #endif
70 #include <arpa/inet.h>
71 #include <netinet/in.h>
72 #include <ctype.h>
73 #include <dlfcn.h>
74 #include <err.h>
75 #include <grp.h>
76 #include <inttypes.h>
77 #include <locale.h>
78 #include <netdb.h>
79 #include <nl_types.h>
80 #include <pwd.h>
81 #include <stdio.h>
82 #include <stdlib.h>
83 #include <string.h>
84 #include <termios.h>
85 #include <time.h>
86 #include <unistd.h>
87 #include <vis.h>
88 #include "ktrace.h"
89 #include "kdump_subr.h"
90 
91 u_int abidump(struct ktr_header *);
92 int fetchprocinfo(struct ktr_header *, u_int *);
93 int fread_tail(void *, int, int);
94 void dumpheader(struct ktr_header *);
95 void ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *, u_int);
96 void ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *, u_int);
97 void ktrnamei(char *, int);
98 void hexdump(char *, int, int);
99 void visdump(char *, int, int);
100 void ktrgenio(struct ktr_genio *, int);
101 void ktrpsig(struct ktr_psig *);
102 void ktrcsw(struct ktr_csw *);
103 void ktrcsw_old(struct ktr_csw_old *);
104 void ktruser_malloc(unsigned char *);
105 void ktruser_rtld(int, unsigned char *);
106 void ktruser(int, unsigned char *);
107 void ktrcaprights(cap_rights_t *);
108 void ktrsockaddr(struct sockaddr *);
109 void ktrstat(struct stat *);
110 void ktrstruct(char *, size_t);
111 void ktrcapfail(struct ktr_cap_fail *);
112 void ktrfault(struct ktr_fault *);
113 void ktrfaultend(struct ktr_faultend *);
114 void limitfd(int fd);
115 void usage(void);
116 void ioctlname(unsigned long, int);
117 
118 int timestamp, decimal, fancy = 1, suppressdata, tail, threads, maxdata,
119     resolv = 0, abiflag = 0;
120 const char *tracefile = DEF_TRACEFILE;
121 struct ktr_header ktr_header;
122 
123 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
124 #define eqs(s1, s2)	(strcmp((s1), (s2)) == 0)
125 
126 #define print_number(i,n,c) do {					\
127 	if (decimal)							\
128 		printf("%c%jd", c, (intmax_t)*i);			\
129 	else								\
130 		printf("%c%#jx", c, (uintmax_t)(u_register_t)*i);	\
131 	i++;								\
132 	n--;								\
133 	c = ',';							\
134 } while (0)
135 
136 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
137 
138 void linux_ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *);
139 void linux_ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *);
140 extern char *linux_syscallnames[];
141 extern int nlinux_syscalls;
142 
143 /*
144  * from linux.h
145  * Linux syscalls return negative errno's, we do positive and map them
146  */
147 static int bsd_to_linux_errno[ELAST + 1] = {
148 	-0,  -1,  -2,  -3,  -4,  -5,  -6,  -7,  -8,  -9,
149 	-10, -35, -12, -13, -14, -15, -16, -17, -18, -19,
150 	-20, -21, -22, -23, -24, -25, -26, -27, -28, -29,
151 	-30, -31, -32, -33, -34, -11,-115,-114, -88, -89,
152 	-90, -91, -92, -93, -94, -95, -96, -97, -98, -99,
153 	-100,-101,-102,-103,-104,-105,-106,-107,-108,-109,
154 	-110,-111, -40, -36,-112,-113, -39, -11, -87,-122,
155 	-116, -66,  -6,  -6,  -6,  -6,  -6, -37, -38,  -9,
156 	-6,  -6, -43, -42, -75,-125, -84, -95, -16, -74,
157 	-72, -67, -71
158 };
159 #endif
160 
161 struct proc_info
162 {
163 	TAILQ_ENTRY(proc_info)	info;
164 	u_int			sv_flags;
165 	pid_t			pid;
166 };
167 
168 TAILQ_HEAD(trace_procs, proc_info) trace_procs;
169 
170 static void
171 strerror_init(void)
172 {
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * Cache NLS data before entering capability mode.
176 	 * XXXPJD: There should be strerror_init() and strsignal_init() in libc.
177 	 */
178 	(void)catopen("libc", NL_CAT_LOCALE);
179 }
180 
181 static void
182 localtime_init(void)
183 {
184 	time_t ltime;
185 
186 	/*
187 	 * Allow localtime(3) to cache /etc/localtime content before entering
188 	 * capability mode.
189 	 * XXXPJD: There should be localtime_init() in libc.
190 	 */
191 	(void)time(&ltime);
192 	(void)localtime(&ltime);
193 }
194 
195 int
196 main(int argc, char *argv[])
197 {
198 	int ch, ktrlen, size;
199 	void *m;
200 	int trpoints = ALL_POINTS;
201 	int drop_logged;
202 	pid_t pid = 0;
203 	u_int sv_flags;
204 
205 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
206 
207 	while ((ch = getopt(argc,argv,"f:dElm:np:AHRrsTt:")) != -1)
208 		switch (ch) {
209 		case 'A':
210 			abiflag = 1;
211 			break;
212 		case 'f':
213 			tracefile = optarg;
214 			break;
215 		case 'd':
216 			decimal = 1;
217 			break;
218 		case 'l':
219 			tail = 1;
220 			break;
221 		case 'm':
222 			maxdata = atoi(optarg);
223 			break;
224 		case 'n':
225 			fancy = 0;
226 			break;
227 		case 'p':
228 			pid = atoi(optarg);
229 			break;
230 		case 'r':
231 			resolv = 1;
232 			break;
233 		case 's':
234 			suppressdata = 1;
235 			break;
236 		case 'E':
237 			timestamp = 3;	/* elapsed timestamp */
238 			break;
239 		case 'H':
240 			threads = 1;
241 			break;
242 		case 'R':
243 			timestamp = 2;	/* relative timestamp */
244 			break;
245 		case 'T':
246 			timestamp = 1;
247 			break;
248 		case 't':
249 			trpoints = getpoints(optarg);
250 			if (trpoints < 0)
251 				errx(1, "unknown trace point in %s", optarg);
252 			break;
253 		default:
254 			usage();
255 		}
256 
257 	if (argc > optind)
258 		usage();
259 
260 	m = malloc(size = 1025);
261 	if (m == NULL)
262 		errx(1, "%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
263 	if (!freopen(tracefile, "r", stdin))
264 		err(1, "%s", tracefile);
265 
266 	strerror_init();
267 	localtime_init();
268 
269 	if (resolv == 0) {
270 		if (cap_enter() < 0 && errno != ENOSYS)
271 			err(1, "unable to enter capability mode");
272 	}
273 	limitfd(STDIN_FILENO);
274 	limitfd(STDOUT_FILENO);
275 	limitfd(STDERR_FILENO);
276 
277 	TAILQ_INIT(&trace_procs);
278 	drop_logged = 0;
279 	while (fread_tail(&ktr_header, sizeof(struct ktr_header), 1)) {
280 		if (ktr_header.ktr_type & KTR_DROP) {
281 			ktr_header.ktr_type &= ~KTR_DROP;
282 			if (!drop_logged && threads) {
283 				printf(
284 				    "%6jd %6jd %-8.*s Events dropped.\n",
285 				    (intmax_t)ktr_header.ktr_pid,
286 				    ktr_header.ktr_tid > 0 ?
287 				    (intmax_t)ktr_header.ktr_tid : 0,
288 				    MAXCOMLEN, ktr_header.ktr_comm);
289 				drop_logged = 1;
290 			} else if (!drop_logged) {
291 				printf("%6jd %-8.*s Events dropped.\n",
292 				    (intmax_t)ktr_header.ktr_pid, MAXCOMLEN,
293 				    ktr_header.ktr_comm);
294 				drop_logged = 1;
295 			}
296 		}
297 		if (trpoints & (1<<ktr_header.ktr_type))
298 			if (pid == 0 || ktr_header.ktr_pid == pid ||
299 			    ktr_header.ktr_tid == pid)
300 				dumpheader(&ktr_header);
301 		if ((ktrlen = ktr_header.ktr_len) < 0)
302 			errx(1, "bogus length 0x%x", ktrlen);
303 		if (ktrlen > size) {
304 			m = realloc(m, ktrlen+1);
305 			if (m == NULL)
306 				errx(1, "%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
307 			size = ktrlen;
308 		}
309 		if (ktrlen && fread_tail(m, ktrlen, 1) == 0)
310 			errx(1, "data too short");
311 		if (fetchprocinfo(&ktr_header, (u_int *)m) != 0)
312 			continue;
313 		sv_flags = abidump(&ktr_header);
314 		if (pid && ktr_header.ktr_pid != pid &&
315 		    ktr_header.ktr_tid != pid)
316 			continue;
317 		if ((trpoints & (1<<ktr_header.ktr_type)) == 0)
318 			continue;
319 		drop_logged = 0;
320 		switch (ktr_header.ktr_type) {
321 		case KTR_SYSCALL:
322 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
323 			if ((sv_flags & SV_ABI_MASK) == SV_ABI_LINUX)
324 				linux_ktrsyscall((struct ktr_syscall *)m);
325 			else
326 #endif
327 				ktrsyscall((struct ktr_syscall *)m, sv_flags);
328 			break;
329 		case KTR_SYSRET:
330 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
331 			if ((sv_flags & SV_ABI_MASK) == SV_ABI_LINUX)
332 				linux_ktrsysret((struct ktr_sysret *)m);
333 			else
334 #endif
335 				ktrsysret((struct ktr_sysret *)m, sv_flags);
336 			break;
337 		case KTR_NAMEI:
338 		case KTR_SYSCTL:
339 			ktrnamei(m, ktrlen);
340 			break;
341 		case KTR_GENIO:
342 			ktrgenio((struct ktr_genio *)m, ktrlen);
343 			break;
344 		case KTR_PSIG:
345 			ktrpsig((struct ktr_psig *)m);
346 			break;
347 		case KTR_CSW:
348 			if (ktrlen == sizeof(struct ktr_csw_old))
349 				ktrcsw_old((struct ktr_csw_old *)m);
350 			else
351 				ktrcsw((struct ktr_csw *)m);
352 			break;
353 		case KTR_USER:
354 			ktruser(ktrlen, m);
355 			break;
356 		case KTR_STRUCT:
357 			ktrstruct(m, ktrlen);
358 			break;
359 		case KTR_CAPFAIL:
360 			ktrcapfail((struct ktr_cap_fail *)m);
361 			break;
362 		case KTR_FAULT:
363 			ktrfault((struct ktr_fault *)m);
364 			break;
365 		case KTR_FAULTEND:
366 			ktrfaultend((struct ktr_faultend *)m);
367 			break;
368 		default:
369 			printf("\n");
370 			break;
371 		}
372 		if (tail)
373 			fflush(stdout);
374 	}
375 	return 0;
376 }
377 
378 void
379 limitfd(int fd)
380 {
381 	cap_rights_t rights;
382 	unsigned long cmd;
383 
384 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_FSTAT);
385 	cmd = -1;
386 
387 	switch (fd) {
388 	case STDIN_FILENO:
389 		cap_rights_set(&rights, CAP_READ);
390 		break;
391 	case STDOUT_FILENO:
392 		cap_rights_set(&rights, CAP_IOCTL, CAP_WRITE);
393 		cmd = TIOCGETA;	/* required by isatty(3) in printf(3) */
394 		break;
395 	case STDERR_FILENO:
396 		cap_rights_set(&rights, CAP_WRITE);
397 		if (!suppressdata) {
398 			cap_rights_set(&rights, CAP_IOCTL);
399 			cmd = TIOCGWINSZ;
400 		}
401 		break;
402 	default:
403 		abort();
404 	}
405 
406 	if (cap_rights_limit(fd, &rights) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS)
407 		err(1, "unable to limit rights for descriptor %d", fd);
408 	if (cmd != -1 && cap_ioctls_limit(fd, &cmd, 1) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS)
409 		err(1, "unable to limit ioctls for descriptor %d", fd);
410 }
411 
412 int
413 fread_tail(void *buf, int size, int num)
414 {
415 	int i;
416 
417 	while ((i = fread(buf, size, num, stdin)) == 0 && tail) {
418 		sleep(1);
419 		clearerr(stdin);
420 	}
421 	return (i);
422 }
423 
424 int
425 fetchprocinfo(struct ktr_header *kth, u_int *flags)
426 {
427 	struct proc_info *pi;
428 
429 	switch (kth->ktr_type) {
430 	case KTR_PROCCTOR:
431 		TAILQ_FOREACH(pi, &trace_procs, info) {
432 			if (pi->pid == kth->ktr_pid) {
433 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&trace_procs, pi, info);
434 				break;
435 			}
436 		}
437 		pi = malloc(sizeof(struct proc_info));
438 		if (pi == NULL)
439 			errx(1, "%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
440 		pi->sv_flags = *flags;
441 		pi->pid = kth->ktr_pid;
442 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&trace_procs, pi, info);
443 		return (1);
444 
445 	case KTR_PROCDTOR:
446 		TAILQ_FOREACH(pi, &trace_procs, info) {
447 			if (pi->pid == kth->ktr_pid) {
448 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&trace_procs, pi, info);
449 				free(pi);
450 				break;
451 			}
452 		}
453 		return (1);
454 	}
455 
456 	return (0);
457 }
458 
459 u_int
460 abidump(struct ktr_header *kth)
461 {
462 	struct proc_info *pi;
463 	const char *abi;
464 	const char *arch;
465 	u_int flags = 0;
466 
467 	TAILQ_FOREACH(pi, &trace_procs, info) {
468 		if (pi->pid == kth->ktr_pid) {
469 			flags = pi->sv_flags;
470 			break;
471 		}
472 	}
473 
474 	if (abiflag == 0)
475 		return (flags);
476 
477 	switch (flags & SV_ABI_MASK) {
478 	case SV_ABI_LINUX:
479 		abi = "L";
480 		break;
481 	case SV_ABI_FREEBSD:
482 		abi = "F";
483 		break;
484 	default:
485 		abi = "U";
486 		break;
487 	}
488 
489 	if (flags != 0) {
490 		if (flags & SV_LP64)
491 			arch = "64";
492 		else
493 			arch = "32";
494 	} else
495 		arch = "00";
496 
497 	printf("%s%s  ", abi, arch);
498 
499 	return (flags);
500 }
501 
502 void
503 dumpheader(struct ktr_header *kth)
504 {
505 	static char unknown[64];
506 	static struct timeval prevtime, temp;
507 	const char *type;
508 
509 	switch (kth->ktr_type) {
510 	case KTR_SYSCALL:
511 		type = "CALL";
512 		break;
513 	case KTR_SYSRET:
514 		type = "RET ";
515 		break;
516 	case KTR_NAMEI:
517 		type = "NAMI";
518 		break;
519 	case KTR_GENIO:
520 		type = "GIO ";
521 		break;
522 	case KTR_PSIG:
523 		type = "PSIG";
524 		break;
525 	case KTR_CSW:
526 		type = "CSW ";
527 		break;
528 	case KTR_USER:
529 		type = "USER";
530 		break;
531 	case KTR_STRUCT:
532 		type = "STRU";
533 		break;
534 	case KTR_SYSCTL:
535 		type = "SCTL";
536 		break;
537 	case KTR_PROCCTOR:
538 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
539 	case KTR_PROCDTOR:
540 		return;
541 	case KTR_CAPFAIL:
542 		type = "CAP ";
543 		break;
544 	case KTR_FAULT:
545 		type = "PFLT";
546 		break;
547 	case KTR_FAULTEND:
548 		type = "PRET";
549 		break;
550 	default:
551 		sprintf(unknown, "UNKNOWN(%d)", kth->ktr_type);
552 		type = unknown;
553 	}
554 
555 	/*
556 	 * The ktr_tid field was previously the ktr_buffer field, which held
557 	 * the kernel pointer value for the buffer associated with data
558 	 * following the record header.  It now holds a threadid, but only
559 	 * for trace files after the change.  Older trace files still contain
560 	 * kernel pointers.  Detect this and suppress the results by printing
561 	 * negative tid's as 0.
562 	 */
563 	if (threads)
564 		printf("%6jd %6jd %-8.*s ", (intmax_t)kth->ktr_pid,
565 		    kth->ktr_tid > 0 ? (intmax_t)kth->ktr_tid : 0,
566 		    MAXCOMLEN, kth->ktr_comm);
567 	else
568 		printf("%6jd %-8.*s ", (intmax_t)kth->ktr_pid, MAXCOMLEN,
569 		    kth->ktr_comm);
570 	if (timestamp) {
571 		if (timestamp == 3) {
572 			if (prevtime.tv_sec == 0)
573 				prevtime = kth->ktr_time;
574 			timevalsub(&kth->ktr_time, &prevtime);
575 		}
576 		if (timestamp == 2) {
577 			temp = kth->ktr_time;
578 			timevalsub(&kth->ktr_time, &prevtime);
579 			prevtime = temp;
580 		}
581 		printf("%jd.%06ld ", (intmax_t)kth->ktr_time.tv_sec,
582 		    kth->ktr_time.tv_usec);
583 	}
584 	printf("%s  ", type);
585 }
586 
587 #include <sys/syscall.h>
588 #define KTRACE
589 #include <sys/kern/syscalls.c>
590 #undef KTRACE
591 int nsyscalls = sizeof (syscallnames) / sizeof (syscallnames[0]);
592 
593 void
594 ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *ktr, u_int flags)
595 {
596 	int narg = ktr->ktr_narg;
597 	register_t *ip;
598 	intmax_t arg;
599 
600 	if ((flags != 0 && ((flags & SV_ABI_MASK) != SV_ABI_FREEBSD)) ||
601 	    (ktr->ktr_code >= nsyscalls || ktr->ktr_code < 0))
602 		printf("[%d]", ktr->ktr_code);
603 	else
604 		printf("%s", syscallnames[ktr->ktr_code]);
605 	ip = &ktr->ktr_args[0];
606 	if (narg) {
607 		char c = '(';
608 		if (fancy &&
609 		    (flags == 0 || (flags & SV_ABI_MASK) == SV_ABI_FREEBSD)) {
610 			switch (ktr->ktr_code) {
611 			case SYS_bindat:
612 			case SYS_connectat:
613 			case SYS_faccessat:
614 			case SYS_fchmodat:
615 			case SYS_fchownat:
616 			case SYS_fstatat:
617 			case SYS_futimesat:
618 			case SYS_linkat:
619 			case SYS_mkdirat:
620 			case SYS_mkfifoat:
621 			case SYS_mknodat:
622 			case SYS_openat:
623 			case SYS_readlinkat:
624 			case SYS_renameat:
625 			case SYS_unlinkat:
626 				putchar('(');
627 				atfdname(*ip, decimal);
628 				c = ',';
629 				ip++;
630 				narg--;
631 				break;
632 			}
633 			switch (ktr->ktr_code) {
634 			case SYS_ioctl: {
635 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
636 				putchar(c);
637 				ioctlname(*ip, decimal);
638 				c = ',';
639 				ip++;
640 				narg--;
641 				break;
642 			}
643 			case SYS_ptrace:
644 				putchar('(');
645 				ptraceopname(*ip);
646 				c = ',';
647 				ip++;
648 				narg--;
649 				break;
650 			case SYS_access:
651 			case SYS_eaccess:
652 			case SYS_faccessat:
653 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
654 				putchar(',');
655 				accessmodename(*ip);
656 				ip++;
657 				narg--;
658 				break;
659 			case SYS_open:
660 			case SYS_openat:
661 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
662 				putchar(',');
663 				flagsandmodename(ip[0], ip[1], decimal);
664 				ip += 2;
665 				narg -= 2;
666 				break;
667 			case SYS_wait4:
668 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
669 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
670 				/*
671 				 * A flags value of zero is valid for
672 				 * wait4() but not for wait6(), so
673 				 * handle zero special here.
674 				 */
675 				if (*ip == 0) {
676 					print_number(ip, narg, c);
677 				} else {
678 					putchar(',');
679 					wait6optname(*ip);
680 					ip++;
681 					narg--;
682 				}
683 				break;
684 			case SYS_wait6:
685 				putchar('(');
686 				idtypename(*ip, decimal);
687 				c = ',';
688 				ip++;
689 				narg--;
690 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
691 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
692 				putchar(',');
693 				wait6optname(*ip);
694 				ip++;
695 				narg--;
696 				break;
697 			case SYS_chmod:
698 			case SYS_fchmod:
699 			case SYS_lchmod:
700 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
701 				putchar(',');
702 				modename(*ip);
703 				ip++;
704 				narg--;
705 				break;
706 			case SYS_mknod:
707 			case SYS_mknodat:
708 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
709 				putchar(',');
710 				modename(*ip);
711 				ip++;
712 				narg--;
713 				break;
714 			case SYS_getfsstat:
715 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
716 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
717 				putchar(',');
718 				getfsstatflagsname(*ip);
719 				ip++;
720 				narg--;
721 				break;
722 			case SYS_mount:
723 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
724 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
725 				putchar(',');
726 				mountflagsname(*ip);
727 				ip++;
728 				narg--;
729 				break;
730 			case SYS_unmount:
731 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
732 				putchar(',');
733 				mountflagsname(*ip);
734 				ip++;
735 				narg--;
736 				break;
737 			case SYS_recvmsg:
738 			case SYS_sendmsg:
739 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
740 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
741 				putchar(',');
742 				sendrecvflagsname(*ip);
743 				ip++;
744 				narg--;
745 				break;
746 			case SYS_recvfrom:
747 			case SYS_sendto:
748 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
749 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
750 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
751 				putchar(',');
752 				sendrecvflagsname(*ip);
753 				ip++;
754 				narg--;
755 				break;
756 			case SYS_chflags:
757 			case SYS_fchflags:
758 			case SYS_lchflags:
759 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
760 				putchar(',');
761 				modename(*ip);
762 				ip++;
763 				narg--;
764 				break;
765 			case SYS_kill:
766 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
767 				putchar(',');
768 				signame(*ip);
769 				ip++;
770 				narg--;
771 				break;
772 			case SYS_reboot:
773 				putchar('(');
774 				rebootoptname(*ip);
775 				ip++;
776 				narg--;
777 				break;
778 			case SYS_umask:
779 				putchar('(');
780 				modename(*ip);
781 				ip++;
782 				narg--;
783 				break;
784 			case SYS_msync:
785 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
786 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
787 				putchar(',');
788 				msyncflagsname(*ip);
789 				ip++;
790 				narg--;
791 				break;
792 #ifdef SYS_freebsd6_mmap
793 			case SYS_freebsd6_mmap:
794 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
795 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
796 				putchar(',');
797 				mmapprotname(*ip);
798 				putchar(',');
799 				ip++;
800 				narg--;
801 				mmapflagsname(*ip);
802 				ip++;
803 				narg--;
804 				break;
805 #endif
806 			case SYS_mmap:
807 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
808 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
809 				putchar(',');
810 				mmapprotname(*ip);
811 				putchar(',');
812 				ip++;
813 				narg--;
814 				mmapflagsname(*ip);
815 				ip++;
816 				narg--;
817 				break;
818 			case SYS_mprotect:
819 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
820 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
821 				putchar(',');
822 				mmapprotname(*ip);
823 				ip++;
824 				narg--;
825 				break;
826 			case SYS_madvise:
827 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
828 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
829 				putchar(',');
830 				madvisebehavname(*ip);
831 				ip++;
832 				narg--;
833 				break;
834 			case SYS_setpriority:
835 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
836 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
837 				putchar(',');
838 				prioname(*ip);
839 				ip++;
840 				narg--;
841 				break;
842 			case SYS_fcntl:
843 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
844 				putchar(',');
845 				fcntlcmdname(ip[0], ip[1], decimal);
846 				ip += 2;
847 				narg -= 2;
848 				break;
849 			case SYS_socket: {
850 				int sockdomain;
851 				putchar('(');
852 				sockdomain = *ip;
853 				sockdomainname(sockdomain);
854 				ip++;
855 				narg--;
856 				putchar(',');
857 				socktypenamewithflags(*ip);
858 				ip++;
859 				narg--;
860 				if (sockdomain == PF_INET ||
861 				    sockdomain == PF_INET6) {
862 					putchar(',');
863 					sockipprotoname(*ip);
864 					ip++;
865 					narg--;
866 				}
867 				c = ',';
868 				break;
869 			}
870 			case SYS_setsockopt:
871 			case SYS_getsockopt:
872 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
873 				putchar(',');
874 				sockoptlevelname(*ip, decimal);
875 				if (*ip == SOL_SOCKET) {
876 					ip++;
877 					narg--;
878 					putchar(',');
879 					sockoptname(*ip);
880 				}
881 				ip++;
882 				narg--;
883 				break;
884 #ifdef SYS_freebsd6_lseek
885 			case SYS_freebsd6_lseek:
886 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
887 				/* Hidden 'pad' argument, not in lseek(2) */
888 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
889 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
890 				putchar(',');
891 				whencename(*ip);
892 				ip++;
893 				narg--;
894 				break;
895 #endif
896 			case SYS_lseek:
897 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
898 				/* Hidden 'pad' argument, not in lseek(2) */
899 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
900 				putchar(',');
901 				whencename(*ip);
902 				ip++;
903 				narg--;
904 				break;
905 			case SYS_flock:
906 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
907 				putchar(',');
908 				flockname(*ip);
909 				ip++;
910 				narg--;
911 				break;
912 			case SYS_mkfifo:
913 			case SYS_mkfifoat:
914 			case SYS_mkdir:
915 			case SYS_mkdirat:
916 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
917 				putchar(',');
918 				modename(*ip);
919 				ip++;
920 				narg--;
921 				break;
922 			case SYS_shutdown:
923 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
924 				putchar(',');
925 				shutdownhowname(*ip);
926 				ip++;
927 				narg--;
928 				break;
929 			case SYS_socketpair:
930 				putchar('(');
931 				sockdomainname(*ip);
932 				ip++;
933 				narg--;
934 				putchar(',');
935 				socktypenamewithflags(*ip);
936 				ip++;
937 				narg--;
938 				c = ',';
939 				break;
940 			case SYS_getrlimit:
941 			case SYS_setrlimit:
942 				putchar('(');
943 				rlimitname(*ip);
944 				ip++;
945 				narg--;
946 				c = ',';
947 				break;
948 			case SYS_quotactl:
949 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
950 				putchar(',');
951 				quotactlname(*ip);
952 				ip++;
953 				narg--;
954 				c = ',';
955 				break;
956 			case SYS_nfssvc:
957 				putchar('(');
958 				nfssvcname(*ip);
959 				ip++;
960 				narg--;
961 				c = ',';
962 				break;
963 			case SYS_rtprio:
964 				putchar('(');
965 				rtprioname(*ip);
966 				ip++;
967 				narg--;
968 				c = ',';
969 				break;
970 			case SYS___semctl:
971 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
972 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
973 				putchar(',');
974 				semctlname(*ip);
975 				ip++;
976 				narg--;
977 				break;
978 			case SYS_semget:
979 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
980 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
981 				putchar(',');
982 				semgetname(*ip);
983 				ip++;
984 				narg--;
985 				break;
986 			case SYS_msgctl:
987 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
988 				putchar(',');
989 				shmctlname(*ip);
990 				ip++;
991 				narg--;
992 				break;
993 			case SYS_shmat:
994 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
995 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
996 				putchar(',');
997 				shmatname(*ip);
998 				ip++;
999 				narg--;
1000 				break;
1001 			case SYS_shmctl:
1002 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1003 				putchar(',');
1004 				shmctlname(*ip);
1005 				ip++;
1006 				narg--;
1007 				break;
1008 			case SYS_minherit:
1009 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1010 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1011 				putchar(',');
1012 				minheritname(*ip);
1013 				ip++;
1014 				narg--;
1015 				break;
1016 			case SYS_rfork:
1017 				putchar('(');
1018 				rforkname(*ip);
1019 				ip++;
1020 				narg--;
1021 				c = ',';
1022 				break;
1023 			case SYS_lio_listio:
1024 				putchar('(');
1025 				lio_listioname(*ip);
1026 				ip++;
1027 				narg--;
1028 				c = ',';
1029 				break;
1030 			case SYS_mlockall:
1031 				putchar('(');
1032 				mlockallname(*ip);
1033 				ip++;
1034 				narg--;
1035 				break;
1036 			case SYS_sched_setscheduler:
1037 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1038 				putchar(',');
1039 				schedpolicyname(*ip);
1040 				ip++;
1041 				narg--;
1042 				break;
1043 			case SYS_sched_get_priority_max:
1044 			case SYS_sched_get_priority_min:
1045 				putchar('(');
1046 				schedpolicyname(*ip);
1047 				ip++;
1048 				narg--;
1049 				break;
1050 			case SYS_sendfile:
1051 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1052 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1053 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1054 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1055 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1056 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1057 				putchar(',');
1058 				sendfileflagsname(*ip);
1059 				ip++;
1060 				narg--;
1061 				break;
1062 			case SYS_kldsym:
1063 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1064 				putchar(',');
1065 				kldsymcmdname(*ip);
1066 				ip++;
1067 				narg--;
1068 				break;
1069 			case SYS_sigprocmask:
1070 				putchar('(');
1071 				sigprocmaskhowname(*ip);
1072 				ip++;
1073 				narg--;
1074 				c = ',';
1075 				break;
1076 			case SYS___acl_get_file:
1077 			case SYS___acl_set_file:
1078 			case SYS___acl_get_fd:
1079 			case SYS___acl_set_fd:
1080 			case SYS___acl_delete_file:
1081 			case SYS___acl_delete_fd:
1082 			case SYS___acl_aclcheck_file:
1083 			case SYS___acl_aclcheck_fd:
1084 			case SYS___acl_get_link:
1085 			case SYS___acl_set_link:
1086 			case SYS___acl_delete_link:
1087 			case SYS___acl_aclcheck_link:
1088 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1089 				putchar(',');
1090 				acltypename(*ip);
1091 				ip++;
1092 				narg--;
1093 				break;
1094 			case SYS_sigaction:
1095 				putchar('(');
1096 				signame(*ip);
1097 				ip++;
1098 				narg--;
1099 				c = ',';
1100 				break;
1101 			case SYS_extattrctl:
1102 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1103 				putchar(',');
1104 				extattrctlname(*ip);
1105 				ip++;
1106 				narg--;
1107 				break;
1108 			case SYS_nmount:
1109 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1110 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1111 				putchar(',');
1112 				mountflagsname(*ip);
1113 				ip++;
1114 				narg--;
1115 				break;
1116 			case SYS_thr_create:
1117 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1118 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1119 				putchar(',');
1120 				thrcreateflagsname(*ip);
1121 				ip++;
1122 				narg--;
1123 				break;
1124 			case SYS_thr_kill:
1125 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1126 				putchar(',');
1127 				signame(*ip);
1128 				ip++;
1129 				narg--;
1130 				break;
1131 			case SYS_kldunloadf:
1132 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1133 				putchar(',');
1134 				kldunloadfflagsname(*ip);
1135 				ip++;
1136 				narg--;
1137 				break;
1138 			case SYS_linkat:
1139 			case SYS_renameat:
1140 			case SYS_symlinkat:
1141 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1142 				putchar(',');
1143 				atfdname(*ip, decimal);
1144 				ip++;
1145 				narg--;
1146 				break;
1147 			case SYS_cap_fcntls_limit:
1148 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1149 				putchar(',');
1150 				arg = *ip;
1151 				ip++;
1152 				narg--;
1153 				capfcntlname(arg);
1154 				break;
1155 			case SYS_posix_fadvise:
1156 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1157 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1158 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1159 				(void)putchar(',');
1160 				fadvisebehavname((int)*ip);
1161 				ip++;
1162 				narg--;
1163 				break;
1164 			case SYS_procctl:
1165 				putchar('(');
1166 				idtypename(*ip, decimal);
1167 				c = ',';
1168 				ip++;
1169 				narg--;
1170 				print_number(ip, narg, c);
1171 				putchar(',');
1172 				procctlcmdname(*ip);
1173 				ip++;
1174 				narg--;
1175 				break;
1176 			}
1177 		}
1178 		while (narg > 0) {
1179 			print_number(ip, narg, c);
1180 		}
1181 		putchar(')');
1182 	}
1183 	putchar('\n');
1184 }
1185 
1186 void
1187 ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *ktr, u_int flags)
1188 {
1189 	register_t ret = ktr->ktr_retval;
1190 	int error = ktr->ktr_error;
1191 	int code = ktr->ktr_code;
1192 
1193 	if ((flags != 0 && ((flags & SV_ABI_MASK) != SV_ABI_FREEBSD)) ||
1194 	    (code >= nsyscalls || code < 0))
1195 		printf("[%d] ", code);
1196 	else
1197 		printf("%s ", syscallnames[code]);
1198 
1199 	if (error == 0) {
1200 		if (fancy) {
1201 			printf("%ld", (long)ret);
1202 			if (ret < 0 || ret > 9)
1203 				printf("/%#lx", (unsigned long)ret);
1204 		} else {
1205 			if (decimal)
1206 				printf("%ld", (long)ret);
1207 			else
1208 				printf("%#lx", (unsigned long)ret);
1209 		}
1210 	} else if (error == ERESTART)
1211 		printf("RESTART");
1212 	else if (error == EJUSTRETURN)
1213 		printf("JUSTRETURN");
1214 	else {
1215 		printf("-1 errno %d", ktr->ktr_error);
1216 		if (fancy)
1217 			printf(" %s", strerror(ktr->ktr_error));
1218 	}
1219 	putchar('\n');
1220 }
1221 
1222 void
1223 ktrnamei(char *cp, int len)
1224 {
1225 	printf("\"%.*s\"\n", len, cp);
1226 }
1227 
1228 void
1229 hexdump(char *p, int len, int screenwidth)
1230 {
1231 	int n, i;
1232 	int width;
1233 
1234 	width = 0;
1235 	do {
1236 		width += 2;
1237 		i = 13;			/* base offset */
1238 		i += (width / 2) + 1;	/* spaces every second byte */
1239 		i += (width * 2);	/* width of bytes */
1240 		i += 3;			/* "  |" */
1241 		i += width;		/* each byte */
1242 		i += 1;			/* "|" */
1243 	} while (i < screenwidth);
1244 	width -= 2;
1245 
1246 	for (n = 0; n < len; n += width) {
1247 		for (i = n; i < n + width; i++) {
1248 			if ((i % width) == 0) {	/* beginning of line */
1249 				printf("       0x%04x", i);
1250 			}
1251 			if ((i % 2) == 0) {
1252 				printf(" ");
1253 			}
1254 			if (i < len)
1255 				printf("%02x", p[i] & 0xff);
1256 			else
1257 				printf("  ");
1258 		}
1259 		printf("  |");
1260 		for (i = n; i < n + width; i++) {
1261 			if (i >= len)
1262 				break;
1263 			if (p[i] >= ' ' && p[i] <= '~')
1264 				printf("%c", p[i]);
1265 			else
1266 				printf(".");
1267 		}
1268 		printf("|\n");
1269 	}
1270 	if ((i % width) != 0)
1271 		printf("\n");
1272 }
1273 
1274 void
1275 visdump(char *dp, int datalen, int screenwidth)
1276 {
1277 	int col = 0;
1278 	char *cp;
1279 	int width;
1280 	char visbuf[5];
1281 
1282 	printf("       \"");
1283 	col = 8;
1284 	for (;datalen > 0; datalen--, dp++) {
1285 		 vis(visbuf, *dp, VIS_CSTYLE, *(dp+1));
1286 		cp = visbuf;
1287 		/*
1288 		 * Keep track of printables and
1289 		 * space chars (like fold(1)).
1290 		 */
1291 		if (col == 0) {
1292 			putchar('\t');
1293 			col = 8;
1294 		}
1295 		switch(*cp) {
1296 		case '\n':
1297 			col = 0;
1298 			putchar('\n');
1299 			continue;
1300 		case '\t':
1301 			width = 8 - (col&07);
1302 			break;
1303 		default:
1304 			width = strlen(cp);
1305 		}
1306 		if (col + width > (screenwidth-2)) {
1307 			printf("\\\n\t");
1308 			col = 8;
1309 		}
1310 		col += width;
1311 		do {
1312 			putchar(*cp++);
1313 		} while (*cp);
1314 	}
1315 	if (col == 0)
1316 		printf("       ");
1317 	printf("\"\n");
1318 }
1319 
1320 void
1321 ktrgenio(struct ktr_genio *ktr, int len)
1322 {
1323 	int datalen = len - sizeof (struct ktr_genio);
1324 	char *dp = (char *)ktr + sizeof (struct ktr_genio);
1325 	static int screenwidth = 0;
1326 	int i, binary;
1327 
1328 	printf("fd %d %s %d byte%s\n", ktr->ktr_fd,
1329 		ktr->ktr_rw == UIO_READ ? "read" : "wrote", datalen,
1330 		datalen == 1 ? "" : "s");
1331 	if (suppressdata)
1332 		return;
1333 	if (screenwidth == 0) {
1334 		struct winsize ws;
1335 
1336 		if (fancy && ioctl(fileno(stderr), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1 &&
1337 		    ws.ws_col > 8)
1338 			screenwidth = ws.ws_col;
1339 		else
1340 			screenwidth = 80;
1341 	}
1342 	if (maxdata && datalen > maxdata)
1343 		datalen = maxdata;
1344 
1345 	for (i = 0, binary = 0; i < datalen && binary == 0; i++)  {
1346 		if (dp[i] >= 32 && dp[i] < 127)
1347 			continue;
1348 		if (dp[i] == 10 || dp[i] == 13 || dp[i] == 0 || dp[i] == 9)
1349 			continue;
1350 		binary = 1;
1351 	}
1352 	if (binary)
1353 		hexdump(dp, datalen, screenwidth);
1354 	else
1355 		visdump(dp, datalen, screenwidth);
1356 }
1357 
1358 const char *signames[] = {
1359 	"NULL", "HUP", "INT", "QUIT", "ILL", "TRAP", "IOT",	/*  1 - 6  */
1360 	"EMT", "FPE", "KILL", "BUS", "SEGV", "SYS",		/*  7 - 12 */
1361 	"PIPE", "ALRM",  "TERM", "URG", "STOP", "TSTP",		/* 13 - 18 */
1362 	"CONT", "CHLD", "TTIN", "TTOU", "IO", "XCPU",		/* 19 - 24 */
1363 	"XFSZ", "VTALRM", "PROF", "WINCH", "29", "USR1",	/* 25 - 30 */
1364 	"USR2", NULL,						/* 31 - 32 */
1365 };
1366 
1367 void
1368 ktrpsig(struct ktr_psig *psig)
1369 {
1370 	if (psig->signo > 0 && psig->signo < NSIG)
1371 		printf("SIG%s ", signames[psig->signo]);
1372 	else
1373 		printf("SIG %d ", psig->signo);
1374 	if (psig->action == SIG_DFL) {
1375 		printf("SIG_DFL code=");
1376 		sigcodename(psig->signo, psig->code);
1377 		putchar('\n');
1378 	} else {
1379 		printf("caught handler=0x%lx mask=0x%x code=",
1380 		    (u_long)psig->action, psig->mask.__bits[0]);
1381 		sigcodename(psig->signo, psig->code);
1382 		putchar('\n');
1383 	}
1384 }
1385 
1386 void
1387 ktrcsw_old(struct ktr_csw_old *cs)
1388 {
1389 	printf("%s %s\n", cs->out ? "stop" : "resume",
1390 		cs->user ? "user" : "kernel");
1391 }
1392 
1393 void
1394 ktrcsw(struct ktr_csw *cs)
1395 {
1396 	printf("%s %s \"%s\"\n", cs->out ? "stop" : "resume",
1397 	    cs->user ? "user" : "kernel", cs->wmesg);
1398 }
1399 
1400 #define	UTRACE_DLOPEN_START		1
1401 #define	UTRACE_DLOPEN_STOP		2
1402 #define	UTRACE_DLCLOSE_START		3
1403 #define	UTRACE_DLCLOSE_STOP		4
1404 #define	UTRACE_LOAD_OBJECT		5
1405 #define	UTRACE_UNLOAD_OBJECT		6
1406 #define	UTRACE_ADD_RUNDEP		7
1407 #define	UTRACE_PRELOAD_FINISHED		8
1408 #define	UTRACE_INIT_CALL		9
1409 #define	UTRACE_FINI_CALL		10
1410 
1411 struct utrace_rtld {
1412 	char sig[4];				/* 'RTLD' */
1413 	int event;
1414 	void *handle;
1415 	void *mapbase;
1416 	size_t mapsize;
1417 	int refcnt;
1418 	char name[MAXPATHLEN];
1419 };
1420 
1421 void
1422 ktruser_rtld(int len, unsigned char *p)
1423 {
1424 	struct utrace_rtld *ut = (struct utrace_rtld *)p;
1425 	void *parent;
1426 	int mode;
1427 
1428 	switch (ut->event) {
1429 	case UTRACE_DLOPEN_START:
1430 		mode = ut->refcnt;
1431 		printf("dlopen(%s, ", ut->name);
1432 		switch (mode & RTLD_MODEMASK) {
1433 		case RTLD_NOW:
1434 			printf("RTLD_NOW");
1435 			break;
1436 		case RTLD_LAZY:
1437 			printf("RTLD_LAZY");
1438 			break;
1439 		default:
1440 			printf("%#x", mode & RTLD_MODEMASK);
1441 		}
1442 		if (mode & RTLD_GLOBAL)
1443 			printf(" | RTLD_GLOBAL");
1444 		if (mode & RTLD_TRACE)
1445 			printf(" | RTLD_TRACE");
1446 		if (mode & ~(RTLD_MODEMASK | RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_TRACE))
1447 			printf(" | %#x", mode &
1448 			    ~(RTLD_MODEMASK | RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_TRACE));
1449 		printf(")\n");
1450 		break;
1451 	case UTRACE_DLOPEN_STOP:
1452 		printf("%p = dlopen(%s) ref %d\n", ut->handle, ut->name,
1453 		    ut->refcnt);
1454 		break;
1455 	case UTRACE_DLCLOSE_START:
1456 		printf("dlclose(%p) (%s, %d)\n", ut->handle, ut->name,
1457 		    ut->refcnt);
1458 		break;
1459 	case UTRACE_DLCLOSE_STOP:
1460 		printf("dlclose(%p) finished\n", ut->handle);
1461 		break;
1462 	case UTRACE_LOAD_OBJECT:
1463 		printf("RTLD: loaded   %p @ %p - %p (%s)\n", ut->handle,
1464 		    ut->mapbase, (char *)ut->mapbase + ut->mapsize - 1,
1465 		    ut->name);
1466 		break;
1467 	case UTRACE_UNLOAD_OBJECT:
1468 		printf("RTLD: unloaded %p @ %p - %p (%s)\n", ut->handle,
1469 		    ut->mapbase, (char *)ut->mapbase + ut->mapsize - 1,
1470 		    ut->name);
1471 		break;
1472 	case UTRACE_ADD_RUNDEP:
1473 		parent = ut->mapbase;
1474 		printf("RTLD: %p now depends on %p (%s, %d)\n", parent,
1475 		    ut->handle, ut->name, ut->refcnt);
1476 		break;
1477 	case UTRACE_PRELOAD_FINISHED:
1478 		printf("RTLD: LD_PRELOAD finished\n");
1479 		break;
1480 	case UTRACE_INIT_CALL:
1481 		printf("RTLD: init %p for %p (%s)\n", ut->mapbase, ut->handle,
1482 		    ut->name);
1483 		break;
1484 	case UTRACE_FINI_CALL:
1485 		printf("RTLD: fini %p for %p (%s)\n", ut->mapbase, ut->handle,
1486 		    ut->name);
1487 		break;
1488 	default:
1489 		p += 4;
1490 		len -= 4;
1491 		printf("RTLD: %d ", len);
1492 		while (len--)
1493 			if (decimal)
1494 				printf(" %d", *p++);
1495 			else
1496 				printf(" %02x", *p++);
1497 		printf("\n");
1498 	}
1499 }
1500 
1501 struct utrace_malloc {
1502 	void *p;
1503 	size_t s;
1504 	void *r;
1505 };
1506 
1507 void
1508 ktruser_malloc(unsigned char *p)
1509 {
1510 	struct utrace_malloc *ut = (struct utrace_malloc *)p;
1511 
1512 	if (ut->p == (void *)(intptr_t)(-1))
1513 		printf("malloc_init()\n");
1514 	else if (ut->s == 0)
1515 		printf("free(%p)\n", ut->p);
1516 	else if (ut->p == NULL)
1517 		printf("%p = malloc(%zu)\n", ut->r, ut->s);
1518 	else
1519 		printf("%p = realloc(%p, %zu)\n", ut->r, ut->p, ut->s);
1520 }
1521 
1522 void
1523 ktruser(int len, unsigned char *p)
1524 {
1525 
1526 	if (len >= 8 && bcmp(p, "RTLD", 4) == 0) {
1527 		ktruser_rtld(len, p);
1528 		return;
1529 	}
1530 
1531 	if (len == sizeof(struct utrace_malloc)) {
1532 		ktruser_malloc(p);
1533 		return;
1534 	}
1535 
1536 	printf("%d ", len);
1537 	while (len--)
1538 		if (decimal)
1539 			printf(" %d", *p++);
1540 		else
1541 			printf(" %02x", *p++);
1542 	printf("\n");
1543 }
1544 
1545 void
1546 ktrcaprights(cap_rights_t *rightsp)
1547 {
1548 
1549 	printf("cap_rights_t ");
1550 	capname(rightsp);
1551 	printf("\n");
1552 }
1553 
1554 void
1555 ktrsockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa)
1556 {
1557 /*
1558  TODO: Support additional address families
1559 	#include <netnatm/natm.h>
1560 	struct sockaddr_natm	*natm;
1561 	#include <netsmb/netbios.h>
1562 	struct sockaddr_nb	*nb;
1563 */
1564 	char addr[64];
1565 
1566 	/*
1567 	 * note: ktrstruct() has already verified that sa points to a
1568 	 * buffer at least sizeof(struct sockaddr) bytes long and exactly
1569 	 * sa->sa_len bytes long.
1570 	 */
1571 	printf("struct sockaddr { ");
1572 	sockfamilyname(sa->sa_family);
1573 	printf(", ");
1574 
1575 #define check_sockaddr_len(n)					\
1576 	if (sa_##n.s##n##_len < sizeof(struct sockaddr_##n)) {	\
1577 		printf("invalid");				\
1578 		break;						\
1579 	}
1580 
1581 	switch(sa->sa_family) {
1582 	case AF_INET: {
1583 		struct sockaddr_in sa_in;
1584 
1585 		memset(&sa_in, 0, sizeof(sa_in));
1586 		memcpy(&sa_in, sa, sa->sa_len);
1587 		check_sockaddr_len(in);
1588 		inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sa_in.sin_addr, addr, sizeof addr);
1589 		printf("%s:%u", addr, ntohs(sa_in.sin_port));
1590 		break;
1591 	}
1592 #ifdef NETATALK
1593 	case AF_APPLETALK: {
1594 		struct sockaddr_at	sa_at;
1595 		struct netrange		*nr;
1596 
1597 		memset(&sa_at, 0, sizeof(sa_at));
1598 		memcpy(&sa_at, sa, sa->sa_len);
1599 		check_sockaddr_len(at);
1600 		nr = &sa_at.sat_range.r_netrange;
1601 		printf("%d.%d, %d-%d, %d", ntohs(sa_at.sat_addr.s_net),
1602 			sa_at.sat_addr.s_node, ntohs(nr->nr_firstnet),
1603 			ntohs(nr->nr_lastnet), nr->nr_phase);
1604 		break;
1605 	}
1606 #endif
1607 	case AF_INET6: {
1608 		struct sockaddr_in6 sa_in6;
1609 
1610 		memset(&sa_in6, 0, sizeof(sa_in6));
1611 		memcpy(&sa_in6, sa, sa->sa_len);
1612 		check_sockaddr_len(in6);
1613 		getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sa_in6, sizeof(sa_in6),
1614 		    addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
1615 		printf("[%s]:%u", addr, htons(sa_in6.sin6_port));
1616 		break;
1617 	}
1618 #ifdef IPX
1619 	case AF_IPX: {
1620 		struct sockaddr_ipx sa_ipx;
1621 
1622 		memset(&sa_ipx, 0, sizeof(sa_ipx));
1623 		memcpy(&sa_ipx, sa, sa->sa_len);
1624 		check_sockaddr_len(ipx);
1625 		/* XXX wish we had ipx_ntop */
1626 		printf("%s", ipx_ntoa(sa_ipx.sipx_addr));
1627 		free(sa_ipx);
1628 		break;
1629 	}
1630 #endif
1631 	case AF_UNIX: {
1632 		struct sockaddr_un sa_un;
1633 
1634 		memset(&sa_un, 0, sizeof(sa_un));
1635 		memcpy(&sa_un, sa, sa->sa_len);
1636 		printf("%.*s", (int)sizeof(sa_un.sun_path), sa_un.sun_path);
1637 		break;
1638 	}
1639 	default:
1640 		printf("unknown address family");
1641 	}
1642 	printf(" }\n");
1643 }
1644 
1645 void
1646 ktrstat(struct stat *statp)
1647 {
1648 	char mode[12], timestr[PATH_MAX + 4];
1649 	struct passwd *pwd;
1650 	struct group  *grp;
1651 	struct tm *tm;
1652 
1653 	/*
1654 	 * note: ktrstruct() has already verified that statp points to a
1655 	 * buffer exactly sizeof(struct stat) bytes long.
1656 	 */
1657 	printf("struct stat {");
1658 	strmode(statp->st_mode, mode);
1659 	printf("dev=%ju, ino=%ju, mode=%s, nlink=%ju, ",
1660 		(uintmax_t)statp->st_dev, (uintmax_t)statp->st_ino, mode,
1661 		(uintmax_t)statp->st_nlink);
1662 	if (resolv == 0 || (pwd = getpwuid(statp->st_uid)) == NULL)
1663 		printf("uid=%ju, ", (uintmax_t)statp->st_uid);
1664 	else
1665 		printf("uid=\"%s\", ", pwd->pw_name);
1666 	if (resolv == 0 || (grp = getgrgid(statp->st_gid)) == NULL)
1667 		printf("gid=%ju, ", (uintmax_t)statp->st_gid);
1668 	else
1669 		printf("gid=\"%s\", ", grp->gr_name);
1670 	printf("rdev=%ju, ", (uintmax_t)statp->st_rdev);
1671 	printf("atime=");
1672 	if (resolv == 0)
1673 		printf("%jd", (intmax_t)statp->st_atim.tv_sec);
1674 	else {
1675 		tm = localtime(&statp->st_atim.tv_sec);
1676 		strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), TIME_FORMAT, tm);
1677 		printf("\"%s\"", timestr);
1678 	}
1679 	if (statp->st_atim.tv_nsec != 0)
1680 		printf(".%09ld, ", statp->st_atim.tv_nsec);
1681 	else
1682 		printf(", ");
1683 	printf("stime=");
1684 	if (resolv == 0)
1685 		printf("%jd", (intmax_t)statp->st_mtim.tv_sec);
1686 	else {
1687 		tm = localtime(&statp->st_mtim.tv_sec);
1688 		strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), TIME_FORMAT, tm);
1689 		printf("\"%s\"", timestr);
1690 	}
1691 	if (statp->st_mtim.tv_nsec != 0)
1692 		printf(".%09ld, ", statp->st_mtim.tv_nsec);
1693 	else
1694 		printf(", ");
1695 	printf("ctime=");
1696 	if (resolv == 0)
1697 		printf("%jd", (intmax_t)statp->st_ctim.tv_sec);
1698 	else {
1699 		tm = localtime(&statp->st_ctim.tv_sec);
1700 		strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), TIME_FORMAT, tm);
1701 		printf("\"%s\"", timestr);
1702 	}
1703 	if (statp->st_ctim.tv_nsec != 0)
1704 		printf(".%09ld, ", statp->st_ctim.tv_nsec);
1705 	else
1706 		printf(", ");
1707 	printf("birthtime=");
1708 	if (resolv == 0)
1709 		printf("%jd", (intmax_t)statp->st_birthtim.tv_sec);
1710 	else {
1711 		tm = localtime(&statp->st_birthtim.tv_sec);
1712 		strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), TIME_FORMAT, tm);
1713 		printf("\"%s\"", timestr);
1714 	}
1715 	if (statp->st_birthtim.tv_nsec != 0)
1716 		printf(".%09ld, ", statp->st_birthtim.tv_nsec);
1717 	else
1718 		printf(", ");
1719 	printf("size=%jd, blksize=%ju, blocks=%jd, flags=0x%x",
1720 		(uintmax_t)statp->st_size, (uintmax_t)statp->st_blksize,
1721 		(intmax_t)statp->st_blocks, statp->st_flags);
1722 	printf(" }\n");
1723 }
1724 
1725 void
1726 ktrstruct(char *buf, size_t buflen)
1727 {
1728 	char *name, *data;
1729 	size_t namelen, datalen;
1730 	int i;
1731 	cap_rights_t rights;
1732 	struct stat sb;
1733 	struct sockaddr_storage ss;
1734 
1735 	for (name = buf, namelen = 0;
1736 	     namelen < buflen && name[namelen] != '\0';
1737 	     ++namelen)
1738 		/* nothing */;
1739 	if (namelen == buflen)
1740 		goto invalid;
1741 	if (name[namelen] != '\0')
1742 		goto invalid;
1743 	data = buf + namelen + 1;
1744 	datalen = buflen - namelen - 1;
1745 	if (datalen == 0)
1746 		goto invalid;
1747 	/* sanity check */
1748 	for (i = 0; i < (int)namelen; ++i)
1749 		if (!isalpha(name[i]))
1750 			goto invalid;
1751 	if (strcmp(name, "caprights") == 0) {
1752 		if (datalen != sizeof(cap_rights_t))
1753 			goto invalid;
1754 		memcpy(&rights, data, datalen);
1755 		ktrcaprights(&rights);
1756 	} else if (strcmp(name, "stat") == 0) {
1757 		if (datalen != sizeof(struct stat))
1758 			goto invalid;
1759 		memcpy(&sb, data, datalen);
1760 		ktrstat(&sb);
1761 	} else if (strcmp(name, "sockaddr") == 0) {
1762 		if (datalen > sizeof(ss))
1763 			goto invalid;
1764 		memcpy(&ss, data, datalen);
1765 		if (datalen != ss.ss_len)
1766 			goto invalid;
1767 		ktrsockaddr((struct sockaddr *)&ss);
1768 	} else {
1769 		printf("unknown structure\n");
1770 	}
1771 	return;
1772 invalid:
1773 	printf("invalid record\n");
1774 }
1775 
1776 void
1777 ktrcapfail(struct ktr_cap_fail *ktr)
1778 {
1779 	switch (ktr->cap_type) {
1780 	case CAPFAIL_NOTCAPABLE:
1781 		/* operation on fd with insufficient capabilities */
1782 		printf("operation requires ");
1783 		capname(&ktr->cap_needed);
1784 		printf(", process holds ");
1785 		capname(&ktr->cap_held);
1786 		break;
1787 	case CAPFAIL_INCREASE:
1788 		/* requested more capabilities than fd already has */
1789 		printf("attempt to increase capabilities from ");
1790 		capname(&ktr->cap_held);
1791 		printf(" to ");
1792 		capname(&ktr->cap_needed);
1793 		break;
1794 	case CAPFAIL_SYSCALL:
1795 		/* called restricted syscall */
1796 		printf("disallowed system call");
1797 		break;
1798 	case CAPFAIL_LOOKUP:
1799 		/* used ".." in strict-relative mode */
1800 		printf("restricted VFS lookup");
1801 		break;
1802 	default:
1803 		printf("unknown capability failure: ");
1804 		capname(&ktr->cap_needed);
1805 		printf(" ");
1806 		capname(&ktr->cap_held);
1807 		break;
1808 	}
1809 	printf("\n");
1810 }
1811 
1812 void
1813 ktrfault(struct ktr_fault *ktr)
1814 {
1815 
1816 	printf("0x%jx ", ktr->vaddr);
1817 	vmprotname(ktr->type);
1818 	printf("\n");
1819 }
1820 
1821 void
1822 ktrfaultend(struct ktr_faultend *ktr)
1823 {
1824 
1825 	vmresultname(ktr->result);
1826 	printf("\n");
1827 }
1828 
1829 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
1830 void
1831 linux_ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *ktr)
1832 {
1833 	int narg = ktr->ktr_narg;
1834 	register_t *ip;
1835 
1836 	if (ktr->ktr_code >= nlinux_syscalls || ktr->ktr_code < 0)
1837 		printf("[%d]", ktr->ktr_code);
1838 	else
1839 		printf("%s", linux_syscallnames[ktr->ktr_code]);
1840 	ip = &ktr->ktr_args[0];
1841 	if (narg) {
1842 		char c = '(';
1843 		while (narg > 0)
1844 			print_number(ip, narg, c);
1845 		putchar(')');
1846 	}
1847 	putchar('\n');
1848 }
1849 
1850 void
1851 linux_ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *ktr)
1852 {
1853 	register_t ret = ktr->ktr_retval;
1854 	int error = ktr->ktr_error;
1855 	int code = ktr->ktr_code;
1856 
1857 	if (code >= nlinux_syscalls || code < 0)
1858 		printf("[%d] ", code);
1859 	else
1860 		printf("%s ", linux_syscallnames[code]);
1861 
1862 	if (error == 0) {
1863 		if (fancy) {
1864 			printf("%ld", (long)ret);
1865 			if (ret < 0 || ret > 9)
1866 				printf("/%#lx", (unsigned long)ret);
1867 		} else {
1868 			if (decimal)
1869 				printf("%ld", (long)ret);
1870 			else
1871 				printf("%#lx", (unsigned long)ret);
1872 		}
1873 	} else if (error == ERESTART)
1874 		printf("RESTART");
1875 	else if (error == EJUSTRETURN)
1876 		printf("JUSTRETURN");
1877 	else {
1878 		if (ktr->ktr_error <= ELAST + 1)
1879 			error = abs(bsd_to_linux_errno[ktr->ktr_error]);
1880 		else
1881 			error = 999;
1882 		printf("-1 errno %d", error);
1883 		if (fancy)
1884 			printf(" %s", strerror(ktr->ktr_error));
1885 	}
1886 	putchar('\n');
1887 }
1888 #endif
1889 
1890 void
1891 usage(void)
1892 {
1893 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: kdump [-dEnlHRrsTA] [-f trfile] "
1894 	    "[-m maxdata] [-p pid] [-t trstr]\n");
1895 	exit(1);
1896 }
1897